CN110907609A - Performance verification method of composite material - Google Patents
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000036314 physical performance Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000011160 polymer matrix composite Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229920013657 polymer matrix composite Polymers 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011549 displacement method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011157 advanced composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000275 quality assurance Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0003—Composite materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses a performance verification method of a composite material, which comprises the following steps of 1: selecting a composite material batch; step 2: verifying the physical performance of the composite material prepreg; and step 3: verifying the physical performance of the composite laminated plate; and 4, step 4: verifying the mechanical property of the composite material laminated plate; and 5: the toughness performance of the composite material laminated plate is verified, the method is feasible and effective, an effective way can be provided for airworthiness verification of the composite material of the civil aircraft, the engineering practice significance is achieved, and the method has the advantages of standardizing the whole process of the performance test of the composite material and improving the efficiency of the composite verification test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aviation, and particularly relates to a performance verification method of a composite material.
Background
Advanced composite materials have been applied to civil aircraft structures in large quantities, and airworthiness verification tests are required because the maturity of the materials and the application of the composite materials is lower compared with that of traditional metal materials. How to carry out the airworthiness verification test of the composite material according to airworthiness regulations,
the application safety of the composite material on the airplane is ensured, the airworthiness requirement of the airplane is met, and the composite material becomes a very concerned problem for aviation airworthiness management authorities and airplane design. At present, the domestic composite material still has some fuzzy or confusing concepts in the airworthiness approval and forensics process and method, and as the technical requirements and the program requirements related to the airworthiness approval and forensics in the application of the composite material are less understood, the airworthiness verification guidance method of the composite material in the non-aircraft application and implementation process is not formed so far.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the performance verification method of the composite material can provide an effective way for verifying the performance of the composite material of the airplane, and has engineering practice significance.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a performance verification method of a composite material comprises the following steps:
step 1: selecting a composite material batch;
step 2: verifying the physical performance of the composite material prepreg;
and step 3: verifying the physical performance of the composite laminated plate;
and 4, step 4: verifying the mechanical property of the composite material laminated plate;
and 5: and (5) verifying the toughness performance of the composite material laminated plate.
The batch of the composite materials in the step 1 is 3-5 batches.
And 2, verifying the physical properties of the composite material prepreg, which comprises the following steps:
resin content verification, wherein the verification method is a method for testing the solid content of a matrix of the composite prepreg and the content of the matrix, the batches are 5 batches, and each batch comprises 5 pieces;
volatile matter content verification, wherein the verification method is a volatile matter content test method of the composite prepreg, the batches are 5 batches, and each batch comprises 5 pieces;
resin fluidity verification, wherein the verification method is a resin fluidity test method of the composite prepreg, the batches are 5 batches, and 10 pieces are respectively used in each batch;
gel time verification, wherein the verification method is a gel time test method of the composite prepreg, the batches are 5, and each batch comprises 5 pieces;
the unit area fiber quality is verified, the verification method is a unit area fiber quality test method of the composite material prepreg, the batches are 5 batches, and each batch comprises 5 pieces.
Step 3, the physical property verification of the composite laminated plate comprises the following steps:
the porosity is verified, the verification method is a standard test method of the porosity of the polymer matrix composite, the batches are 5 batches, and 7 pieces of the polymer matrix composite are respectively used in each batch;
verifying the volume content of the fiber, wherein the verification method is a standard test method for the content of the components of the polymer-based composite material, the batches are 5 batches, and 7 pieces of the fiber are respectively used in each batch;
verifying the single-layer curing thickness, wherein the verification method is to use a micrometer to measure, 10 points are taken to calculate the average value, the batch is 5 batches, and 7 pieces of curing thickness are respectively obtained in each batch;
the density verification is carried out by a 'standard test method for measuring the density and the specific gravity of the composite material by a displacement method', the batch is 5 batches, and 7 pieces are respectively used in each batch;
the glass transition temperature is verified by a standard test method for measuring the glass transition temperature of the polymer matrix composite by using a dynamic mechanical analysis method, wherein the batches are 5 batches, and 7 pieces of glass transition temperature are respectively used in each batch.
And 4, when the mechanical property of the composite material laminated plate is verified, the verification is carried out under three extreme environmental conditions of low temperature/dry state, room temperature/dry state and high temperature/wet state.
The temperature of the low temperature/dry state is minus 55 +/-2 ℃, and the relative humidity is 50% +/-10%; the room temperature/dry state is 23 ℃ plus or minus 2 ℃, the relative humidity is 50% + orminus 10%, the high temperature/wet state is 130 ℃ plus or minus 2 ℃, and the relative humidity is 85% + orminus 5% under the condition of 70 ℃ plus or minus 3 ℃.
Step 4, the mechanical property verification of the composite laminated plate comprises the following steps:
the tensile strength and the modulus are verified, the verification method is a standard test method for the tensile property of the polymer-based composite laminated plate, the batches are 5 batches, and 7 pieces are respectively used in each batch;
the compression strength and the modulus are verified, the verification method is a standard test method for the compression performance of the polymer matrix composite laminated board determined by adopting a combined load compression clamp, the batches are 5, and 7 pieces are respectively used in each batch;
the bending strength and the modulus are verified, the verification method is a standard test method for the bending performance of the polymer-based composite laminated plate, the batches are 5 batches, and 7 pieces are respectively used in each batch;
the longitudinal and transverse shear strength and modulus are verified, the verification method is a standard test method for measuring the in-plane shear response of the polymer matrix composite laminated plate by adopting a +/-45-degree laminated plate tensile test, the batch is 5 batches, and 7 pieces of the polymer matrix composite laminated plate are respectively used in each batch;
the interlaminar shear strength is verified by a standard test method for the shear performance of the short beam of the polymer-based composite laminated plate, wherein 5 batches of the interlaminar shear strength are obtained, and 7 pieces of the interlaminar shear strength are obtained in each batch.
And 5, verifying the toughness performance of the composite material laminated plate, which comprises the following steps:
verifying the compression strength after impact, wherein the verification method comprises a standard test method for measuring the damage resistance of the fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite to a drop hammer impact event and a standard test method for testing the compression residual strength of the fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite containing damage, and the batches are 5 batches, and 7 pieces are respectively used in each batch;
the method for verifying the open pore tensile strength is 'standard test method for open pore tensile strength of polymer-based composite laminated plates', and the batches are 5 batches, and 7 pieces of the open pore tensile strength are respectively used in each batch;
the open pore compression strength is verified by a standard test method for the open pore compression strength of the polymer matrix composite laminated board, wherein the number of batches is 5, and 7 pieces of the polymer matrix composite laminated board are used in each batch;
the extrusion strength is verified, the verification method is a standard test method for the extrusion response of the polymer matrix composite laminated plate, the batches are 5 batches, and 7 pieces are respectively used in each batch;
the interlayer fracture toughness is verified by a standard test method for the mixed interlayer fracture toughness of the polymer matrix composite laminated plate, wherein the batch is 5 batches, and 7 pieces of the mixed interlayer fracture toughness are used in each batch;
the I-type layer intermittent fracture toughness is verified by a standard test method for I-type layer intermittent fracture toughness of the polymer matrix composite laminated board, wherein the batches are 5 batches, and 7 pieces of the I-type layer intermittent fracture toughness are respectively used;
and (3) verifying the II-type layer intermittent fracture toughness by using a standard test method for the II-type layer intermittent fracture toughness of the polymer-based composite laminated plate, wherein the batch is 5 batches, and 7 pieces are respectively used in each batch.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method is feasible and effective, can provide an effective way for airworthiness verification of the composite material of the airplane, has engineering practice significance, and has the advantages of standardizing the whole process of the airworthiness test of the performance of the composite material and improving the efficiency of the airworthiness composite verification test.
Detailed Description
A performance verification method of a composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: selecting composite material batches, wherein the composite material batches are 3-5 batches.
Step 2: verifying the physical performance of the composite material prepreg; the method comprises the following steps:
resin content verification, wherein the verification method is a method for testing the solid content of a matrix of the composite prepreg and the content of the matrix, the batches are 5 batches, and each batch comprises 5 pieces;
volatile matter content verification, wherein the verification method is a volatile matter content test method of the composite prepreg, the batches are 5 batches, and each batch comprises 5 pieces;
resin fluidity verification, wherein the verification method is a resin fluidity test method of the composite prepreg, the batches are 5 batches, and 10 pieces are respectively used in each batch;
gel time verification, wherein the verification method is a gel time test method of the composite prepreg, the batches are 5, and each batch comprises 5 pieces;
the unit area fiber quality is verified, the verification method is a unit area fiber quality test method of the composite material prepreg, the batches are 5 batches, and each batch comprises 5 pieces.
And step 3: the physical property verification of the composite laminated plate comprises the following steps:
the porosity is verified, the verification method is a standard test method of the porosity of the polymer matrix composite, the batches are 5 batches, and 7 pieces of the polymer matrix composite are respectively used in each batch;
verifying the volume content of the fiber, wherein the verification method is a standard test method for the content of the components of the polymer-based composite material, the batches are 5 batches, and 7 pieces of the fiber are respectively used in each batch;
verifying the single-layer curing thickness, wherein the verification method is to use a micrometer to measure, 10 points are taken to calculate the average value, the batch is 5 batches, and 7 pieces of curing thickness are respectively obtained in each batch;
the density verification is carried out by a 'standard test method for measuring the density and the specific gravity of the composite material by a displacement method', the batch is 5 batches, and 7 pieces are respectively used in each batch;
the glass transition temperature is verified by a standard test method for measuring the glass transition temperature of the polymer matrix composite by using a dynamic mechanical analysis method, wherein the batches are 5 batches, and 7 pieces of glass transition temperature are respectively used in each batch.
And 4, step 4: verifying the mechanical property of the composite material laminated plate; the method is carried out under three extreme environmental conditions of low temperature/dry state, room temperature/dry state and high temperature/wet state, wherein the temperature of the low temperature/dry state is minus 55 +/-2 ℃, and the relative humidity is 50% +/-10%; the room temperature/dry state is 23 ℃ +/-2 ℃, the relative humidity is 50% +/-10%, the high temperature/wet state is 130 ℃ +/-2 ℃, and under the condition of 70 ℃ +/-3 ℃, the relative humidity is 85% +/-5%, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the tensile strength and the modulus are verified, the verification method is a standard test method for the tensile property of the polymer-based composite laminated plate, the batches are 5 batches, and 7 pieces are respectively used in each batch;
the compression strength and the modulus are verified, the verification method is a standard test method for the compression performance of the polymer matrix composite laminated board determined by adopting a combined load compression clamp, the batches are 5, and 7 pieces are respectively used in each batch;
the bending strength and the modulus are verified, the verification method is a standard test method for the bending performance of the polymer-based composite laminated plate, the batches are 5 batches, and 7 pieces are respectively used in each batch;
the longitudinal and transverse shear strength and modulus are verified, the verification method is a standard test method for measuring the in-plane shear response of the polymer matrix composite laminated plate by adopting a +/-45-degree laminated plate tensile test, the batch is 5 batches, and 7 pieces of the polymer matrix composite laminated plate are respectively used in each batch;
the interlaminar shear strength is verified by a standard test method for the shear performance of the short beam of the polymer-based composite laminated plate, wherein 5 batches of the interlaminar shear strength are obtained, and 7 pieces of the interlaminar shear strength are obtained in each batch.
And 5: the composite material laminated plate toughness performance verification comprises the following steps:
verifying the compression strength after impact, wherein the verification method comprises a standard test method for measuring the damage resistance of the fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite to a drop hammer impact event and a standard test method for testing the compression residual strength of the fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite containing damage, and the batches are 5 batches, and 7 pieces are respectively used in each batch;
the method for verifying the open pore tensile strength is 'standard test method for open pore tensile strength of polymer-based composite laminated plates', and the batches are 5 batches, and 7 pieces of the open pore tensile strength are respectively used in each batch;
the open pore compression strength is verified by a standard test method for the open pore compression strength of the polymer matrix composite laminated board, wherein the number of batches is 5, and 7 pieces of the polymer matrix composite laminated board are used in each batch;
the extrusion strength is verified, the verification method is a standard test method for the extrusion response of the polymer matrix composite laminated plate, the batches are 5 batches, and 7 pieces are respectively used in each batch;
the interlayer fracture toughness is verified by a standard test method for the mixed interlayer fracture toughness of the polymer matrix composite laminated plate, wherein the batch is 5 batches, and 7 pieces of the mixed interlayer fracture toughness are used in each batch;
the I-type layer intermittent fracture toughness is verified by a standard test method for I-type layer intermittent fracture toughness of the polymer matrix composite laminated board, wherein the batches are 5 batches, and 7 pieces of the I-type layer intermittent fracture toughness are respectively used;
and (3) verifying the II-type layer intermittent fracture toughness by using a standard test method for the II-type layer intermittent fracture toughness of the polymer-based composite laminated plate, wherein the batch is 5 batches, and 7 pieces are respectively used in each batch.
When the verification of the steps 2-4 is carried out, the following steps are required to be carried out according to the test protocol:
(1) applicants first submitted a manufacturing compliance statement for the test equipment/facility;
(2) checking the manufacturing conformance before testing;
(3) testing can begin after the manufacturing compliance check; the test process is controllable, the quality assurance system is complete, if abnormal conditions occur in the test process, the applicant submits a fault analysis report and an amendment report thereof, and after the approval of a review representative, the applicant can continue the test;
(4) and receiving the site witness of the examiner.
(5) Reviewing representative observation test and filling out test observation report
(6) The applicant compiles a test report and a verification report (documents on which the verification terms are closed) and submits a review representative for approval.
Claims (8)
1. A performance verification method of a composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: selecting a composite material batch;
step 2: verifying the physical performance of the composite material prepreg;
and step 3: verifying the physical performance of the composite laminated plate;
and 4, step 4: verifying the mechanical property of the composite material laminated plate;
and 5: and (5) verifying the toughness performance of the composite material laminated plate.
2. A method of validating the performance of a composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the batch of the composite materials in the step 1 is 3-5 batches.
3. A method of validating the performance of a composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and 2, verifying the physical properties of the composite material prepreg, which comprises the following steps:
resin content verification, wherein the verification method is a method for testing the solid content of a matrix of the composite prepreg and the content of the matrix, the batches are 5 batches, and each batch comprises 5 pieces;
volatile matter content verification, wherein the verification method is a volatile matter content test method of the composite prepreg, the batches are 5 batches, and each batch comprises 5 pieces;
resin fluidity verification, wherein the verification method is a resin fluidity test method of the composite prepreg, the batches are 5 batches, and 10 pieces are respectively used in each batch;
gel time verification, wherein the verification method is a gel time test method of the composite prepreg, the batches are 5, and each batch comprises 5 pieces;
the unit area fiber quality is verified, the verification method is a unit area fiber quality test method of the composite material prepreg, the batches are 5 batches, and each batch comprises 5 pieces.
4. A method of validating the performance of a composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: step 3, the physical property verification of the composite laminated plate comprises the following steps:
the porosity is verified, the verification method is a standard test method of the porosity of the polymer matrix composite, the batches are 5 batches, and 7 pieces of the polymer matrix composite are respectively used in each batch;
verifying the volume content of the fiber, wherein the verification method is a standard test method for the content of the components of the polymer-based composite material, the batches are 5 batches, and 7 pieces of the fiber are respectively used in each batch;
verifying the single-layer curing thickness, wherein the verification method is to use a micrometer to measure, 10 points are taken to calculate the average value, the batch is 5 batches, and 7 pieces of curing thickness are respectively obtained in each batch;
the density verification is carried out by a 'standard test method for measuring the density and the specific gravity of the composite material by a displacement method', the batch is 5 batches, and 7 pieces are respectively used in each batch;
the glass transition temperature is verified by a standard test method for measuring the glass transition temperature of the polymer matrix composite by using a dynamic mechanical analysis method, wherein the batches are 5 batches, and 7 pieces of glass transition temperature are respectively used in each batch.
5. A method of validating the performance of a composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and 4, when the mechanical property of the composite material laminated plate is verified, the verification is carried out under three extreme environmental conditions of low temperature/dry state, room temperature/dry state and high temperature/wet state.
6. A method of validating the performance of a composite material as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the temperature of the low temperature/dry state is minus 55 +/-2 ℃, and the relative humidity is 50% +/-10%; the room temperature/dry state is 23 ℃ plus or minus 2 ℃, the relative humidity is 50% + orminus 10%, the high temperature/wet state is 130 ℃ plus or minus 2 ℃, and the relative humidity is 85% + orminus 5% under the condition of 70 ℃ plus or minus 3 ℃.
7. A method of validating the performance of a composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: step 4, the mechanical property verification of the composite laminated plate comprises the following steps:
the tensile strength and the modulus are verified, the verification method is a standard test method for the tensile property of the polymer-based composite laminated plate, the batches are 5 batches, and 7 pieces are respectively used in each batch;
the compression strength and the modulus are verified, the verification method is a standard test method for the compression performance of the polymer matrix composite laminated board determined by adopting a combined load compression clamp, the batches are 5, and 7 pieces are respectively used in each batch;
the bending strength and the modulus are verified, the verification method is a standard test method for the bending performance of the polymer-based composite laminated plate, the batches are 5 batches, and 7 pieces are respectively used in each batch;
the longitudinal and transverse shear strength and modulus are verified, the verification method is a standard test method for measuring the in-plane shear response of the polymer matrix composite laminated plate by adopting a +/-45-degree laminated plate tensile test, the batch is 5 batches, and 7 pieces of the polymer matrix composite laminated plate are respectively used in each batch;
the interlaminar shear strength is verified by a standard test method for the shear performance of the short beam of the polymer-based composite laminated plate, wherein 5 batches of the interlaminar shear strength are obtained, and 7 pieces of the interlaminar shear strength are obtained in each batch.
8. A method of validating the performance of a composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and 5, verifying the toughness performance of the composite material laminated plate, which comprises the following steps:
verifying the compression strength after impact, wherein the verification method comprises a standard test method for measuring the damage resistance of the fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite to a drop hammer impact event and a standard test method for testing the compression residual strength of the fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite containing damage, and the batches are 5 batches, and 7 pieces are respectively used in each batch;
the method for verifying the open pore tensile strength is 'standard test method for open pore tensile strength of polymer-based composite laminated plates', and the batches are 5 batches, and 7 pieces of the open pore tensile strength are respectively used in each batch;
the open pore compression strength is verified by a standard test method for the open pore compression strength of the polymer matrix composite laminated board, wherein the number of batches is 5, and 7 pieces of the polymer matrix composite laminated board are used in each batch;
the extrusion strength is verified, the verification method is a standard test method for the extrusion response of the polymer matrix composite laminated plate, the batches are 5 batches, and 7 pieces are respectively used in each batch;
the interlayer fracture toughness is verified by a standard test method for the mixed interlayer fracture toughness of the polymer matrix composite laminated plate, wherein the batch is 5 batches, and 7 pieces of the mixed interlayer fracture toughness are used in each batch;
the I-type layer intermittent fracture toughness is verified by a standard test method for I-type layer intermittent fracture toughness of the polymer matrix composite laminated board, wherein the batches are 5 batches, and 7 pieces of the I-type layer intermittent fracture toughness are respectively used;
and (3) verifying the II-type layer intermittent fracture toughness by using a standard test method for the II-type layer intermittent fracture toughness of the polymer-based composite laminated plate, wherein the batch is 5 batches, and 7 pieces are respectively used in each batch.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112782362A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-11 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞机设计研究所 | Method for verifying seaworthiness conformance of civil aircraft structural member laser forming technology |
| CN114112355A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-03-01 | 中国直升机设计研究所 | Substitution method for prefabricating pore defects of composite material structure |
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