CN110907310A - Method for detecting density of automobile coating dry film - Google Patents
Method for detecting density of automobile coating dry film Download PDFInfo
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- CN110907310A CN110907310A CN201911266501.3A CN201911266501A CN110907310A CN 110907310 A CN110907310 A CN 110907310A CN 201911266501 A CN201911266501 A CN 201911266501A CN 110907310 A CN110907310 A CN 110907310A
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- dry film
- aluminum foil
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
- G01N9/02—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by measuring weight of a known volume
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
- G01N9/02—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by measuring weight of a known volume
- G01N2009/022—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by measuring weight of a known volume of solids
- G01N2009/024—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by measuring weight of a known volume of solids the volume being determined directly, e.g. by size of container
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting the density of a dry film of an automobile coating, which comprises the following steps: s1: measuring mass m of square aluminum foil1Spreading an aluminum foil on a test board, covering a square white paper frame on the edge of the aluminum foil, and fixing the white paper frame on the test board by using a masking tape; spraying a coating to be detected on the aluminum foil exposed on the inner side of the white paper frame; s2: drying the coating, separating the aluminum foil and the dry film together, and weighing the aluminum foil and the dry film with the mass m2(ii) a Measuring the thickness t of the dry film by using a film thickness meter; measuring the length d of two adjacent edges at the inner side of the white paper frame1And d2(ii) a S3: the dry film density ρ is calculated using the following formula:
according to the detection method of the dry film density of the coating, the economic performance and the coating performance of the coating can be simply and intuitively known through detecting the dry film density.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite material mechanical property evaluation. And more particularly, to a method for detecting the density of a dry film of an automotive coating.
Background
The dry film density is an important performance index of the paint, particularly the paint for automobiles, and can reflect the internal performance of a paint film and the economic performance of the paint. After the paint is dried to form a film, the paint mainly consists of resin and pigment and filler, and the overall performance is mainly determined by the resin. The higher the relative content of the resin is, the lower the relative content of the pigment and the filler is, the smaller the dry film density is, and the better the overall performance of the paint film is; conversely, the lower the relative resin content, the higher the relative pigment-filler content, the higher the dry film density and the poorer the overall paint film properties. In addition, for coating workpieces, particularly vehicle bodies, the construction film thickness is controlled within a certain standard range so as to ensure the stability of color and performance. Coating areas with the same area, wherein the lower the dry film density, the smaller the paint consumption and the lower the cost under the condition that the dry film thickness is the same; the higher the dry film density, the greater the paint consumption and the higher the cost. Therefore, by measuring the dry film density of the coating, the paint film performance of the coating can be known to a certain extent, and simultaneously the economic performance of the coating can be known.
For the determination of the density of the dry film, GB/T9272-2007 volume fraction of non-volatile matter of paint by measuring the density of the dry coating proposes a corresponding detection method. The method is based on the Archimedes buoyancy principle, needs auxiliary measurement by means of liquid, and is not suitable for the paint prepared by the volume concentration higher than the critical pigment. Meanwhile, the method needs to use a specific paint receiver to coat the paint to be detected, the requirements of the paint receiver are different for the paints with different viscosities, a specific device needs to be used for weighing, the requirement for a detection tool is higher, and the operation process is more complicated. In addition, the method uses dip coating, brush coating or blade coating and the like to paint a paint receiver, the percentage of solvent or water contained in a wet film is high, and the porosity of the dry film is different from that of the dry film after the film is actually sprayed and formed due to rapid evaporation of the solvent or water during drying, so that measurement errors are caused.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a simple and accurate method for detecting the density of a dry film of an automotive paint, which is easy and feasible to understand the economic performance and the film coating performance of the automotive paint.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for detecting the dry film density of an automobile paint, which does not need to measure by liquid, is suitable for preparing the paint with high critical pigment volume concentration, and is simple and accurate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for detecting the density of a dry film of an automobile coating, which comprises the following steps:
s1: measuring mass m of square aluminum foil1Spreading an aluminum foil on a test board, covering a square white paper frame on the edge of the aluminum foil, and fixing the white paper frame on the test board by using a masking tape; spraying a coating to be detected on the aluminum foil exposed on the inner side of the white paper frame;
s2: drying the coating, separating the aluminum foil and the dry film together, and weighing the aluminum foil and the dry film with the mass m2(ii) a Measuring the thickness t of the dry film by using a film thickness meter; measuring the length d of two adjacent edges at the inner side of the white paper frame1And d2；
S3: the dry film density ρ is calculated using the following formula:
optionally, the spraying process employs an electrostatic spray shuttle.
Optionally, the test panel is at least one of an a4 aluminum panel, an a4 tinplate, an a4 cold-rolled steel panel, an A3 aluminum panel, an A3 tinplate, and an A3 cold-rolled steel panel.
Optionally, the lengths of two adjacent sides of the square aluminum foil are 80-90mm and 135-145mm, respectively.
Optionally, the length d of two adjacent edges inside the white paper frame160-70mm, d2115-125 mm; the lengths of two adjacent edges outside the white paper frame are respectively 110mm and 155 mm and 165 mm.
Optionally, the textured rubber is high temperature resistant textured rubber.
Optionally, the measuring process of the thickness of the dry film is as follows: using a thickness meter, at least five thicknesses including four corners and a central position of the dry film are measured, and then an arithmetic square root of the five thicknesses is calculated to obtain the thickness t of the dry film.
Alternatively, said m1And m2The accuracy of the electronic balance used in the measurement was 0.0001 g.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a method for detecting the density of a dry film of an automobile coating, wherein the process of the method only needs to spray the coating to be detected on a plate stuck with aluminum-foil paper according to certain parameters by using an electrostatic coating robot according to the thickness of a field construction film and the baking conditions, and the calculation can be directly carried out after the plate is dried, so that the method is simple and effective. The method is suitable for the paint prepared by the high critical pigment volume concentration, and the consumable product for detection is simple and available without using a specific paint receiver and an auxiliary device. The electrostatic spraying is adopted, so that the film thickness stability is ensured, the film thickness precision is high, the target film thickness can be obtained only by adjusting parameters, and the method is simple and controllable; in addition, the accuracy of the weighing equipment is high, so that the accuracy of a dry film density test result is high.
The method for detecting the density of the dry film of the coating can simply and intuitively know the economic performance and the coating performance of the coating by detecting the density of the dry film.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 shows a photograph of the apparatus used in the dry film density test of the coating materials of the examples.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The dry film density is an important performance index of the paint, particularly the paint for automobiles, and can reflect the internal performance of a paint film and the economic performance of the paint. The prior art determines the density of a dry film, requires additional measurements with the aid of a liquid, and is not suitable for coatings formulated above a critical pigment volume concentration. Meanwhile, the test process has complex requirements on equipment and tools, the operation is complicated, and the measurement result is not accurate enough.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for detecting the density of a dry film of an automobile coating, which comprises the following steps:
s1: measuring mass m of square aluminum foil1Spreading an aluminum foil on a test board, covering a square white paper frame on the edge of the aluminum foil, and fixing the white paper frame on the test board by using a masking tape; spraying a coating to be detected on the aluminum foil exposed on the inner side of the white paper frame;
s2: drying the coating, separating the aluminum foil and the dry film together, and weighing the aluminum foil and the dry film with the mass m2(ii) a Measuring the thickness t of the dry film by using a film thickness meter; measuring the length d of two adjacent edges at the inner side of the white paper frame1And d2；
S3: the dry film density ρ is calculated using the following formula:
one possible way of realizing this is to cut the aluminum foil to a predetermined size in S1, place it on an electronic balance, weigh it and record its mass m1(ii) a The aluminum foil is laid on a conductive test board, the periphery of the aluminum foil is completely covered by a square white paper frame, preferably, a sufficient distance is reserved between the outer edge of the white paper frame and the outer edge of the aluminum foil, namely, under the condition that the periphery of the aluminum foil is completely covered by the white paper frame, one part of the white paper frame can be directly contacted with the test board, the white paper frame is conveniently fixed on the test board by using the masking tape subsequently, and meanwhile, the masking tape cannot be directly contacted with the aluminum foil. Fixing white paper on the test board by using masking tapeIn the process, the masking tape is directly contacted with the white paper frame and the test board at the same time, but can not be directly contacted with the aluminum foil; preferably, the masking tape is in direct contact with the test panel and the white paper frame, and the upper side and the lower side of the partial position of the white paper frame are respectively provided with the masking tape and the aluminum foil, namely the masking tape has a certain fixing effect on the aluminum foil through the white paper frame. And then spraying the paint to be detected at the position where the aluminum foil is exposed in the white paper frame.
S2, drying the sprayed coating in an oven, wherein in order to improve test preparation, the drying condition is preferably the drying condition and time of the automobile coating in practical application; after drying, separating the aluminum foil and the dry film together, namely removing the masking tape and the white paper frame which are fixed on the aluminum foil and the dry film; then putting the aluminum foil and the dry film together on an electronic balance to weigh the mass m2(ii) a Simultaneously measuring the length d of two adjacent edges at the inner side of the white paper frame1And d2I.e. d1And d2Is the length of two adjacent edges of the dry film; and then measuring the thickness t of the dry film to obtain the volume of the dry film.
After the relevant data are tested, the dry film density is calculated by using the formula in S3:
in a specific implementation process, a person skilled in the art can prepare a plurality of samples to be tested according to the steps of S1-S3, calculate the dry film densities of the plurality of samples respectively, and obtain the final dry film density by taking the arithmetic mean of the dry film densities of the plurality of samples.
One possible implementation is that the spraying process employs an electrostatic spray shuttle. In order to ensure that the exposed area of the aluminum foil in the white paper frame can be completely covered by the coating to be detected, the edge of the formed dry film is contacted with the inner side of the white paper frame, and the center of the fog width of the rotary cup exceeds the edge of the aluminum foil in the spraying process and covers the white paper frame.
According to the invention, electrostatic spraying is adopted, so that high precision and good stability of the film thickness can be ensured, the target film thickness can be obtained only by adjusting parameters in the spraying process, and the method is simple and controllable, so that the calculated dry film volume is more accurate, and the dry film density is accurate and reliable.
The test board is selected by considering the smoothness and the conductivity of the test board, so that the aluminum foil is parallel to the plate after being tiled, the distance between the aluminum foil and the atomizer is kept consistent all the time during spraying, and the phenomenon that the film thickness is unstable due to the change of the distance is avoided; simultaneously owing to can electrically conduct, aluminium foil paper japanning is more even when guaranteeing electrostatic spraying, and the membrane thickness is more even, and the testing result is more accurate, optionally contains but not limited to at least one in A4 aluminum plate, A4 tinplate, A4 cold-rolled steel sheet, A3 aluminum plate, A3 tinplate, A3 cold-rolled steel sheet.
One possible implementation manner is that the lengths of two adjacent sides of the square aluminum foil are 80-90mm and 135-145mm respectively. In order to ensure that the edge of the white paper frame completely covers the periphery of the aluminum foil and the outer edge of the white paper frame has enough area to directly contact with the test board, preferably, the length d of two adjacent edges inside the white paper frame is equal to the length d of the two adjacent edges160-70mm, d2115-125 mm; the lengths of two adjacent edges outside the white paper frame are respectively 110mm and 155 mm and 165 mm.
The masking tape of the invention needs to have high temperature resistance, so that the coating still has cohesiveness in the baking process, and white paper and aluminum foil can be effectively fixed on a test board.
One possible implementation is that the thickness of the dry film is measured by the following process: using a thickness meter, at least five thicknesses including four corners and a central position of the dry film are measured, and then an arithmetic average of the five thicknesses is calculated to obtain the thickness t of the dry film. And a plurality of positions are selected for measurement, so that the accuracy of the result is guaranteed.
In order to improve the accuracy of the measurement, the mass m of the aluminum foil in the present invention1The common mass m of the aluminum foil and the dry film2The accuracy of the electronic balance used in the measurement was 0.0001 g.
The method for detecting the dry film density of the automobile paint is simple to operate, does not need to measure by liquid, is suitable for the paint prepared by high critical pigment volume concentration, and can simply and intuitively know the economic performance and the film coating performance of the paint.
The technical solution of the present invention will be described with reference to specific examples.
Examples
The materials used in the examples of the invention are as follows:
test panels such as A4 aluminum panels, A4 tinplate, A4 cold-rolled steel panels, A3 aluminum panels, A3 tinplate, A3 cold-rolled steel panels; aluminum foil; a white paper frame; an analytical balance; beautifying glue; a tape measure; an oven; electrostatic spraying reciprocating machine; film thickness meter.
The dry film density test procedure in the examples is described below with reference to FIG. 1:
1, cutting the aluminum foil 1 according to a certain size, weighing the aluminum foil 1 by using an electronic balance after cutting, and recording the weight m1；
2, spreading the aluminum foil 1 on the test board 2, covering a square white paper frame 3 with a determined size on the edge of the aluminum foil, and fixing the white paper frame 3 on the test board 2 by using a masking tape 4;
3, spraying a coating to be detected on the aluminum foil 1 exposed on the inner side of the white paper frame 3 by using an electrostatic spraying reciprocating machine; after the spraying is finished, putting the plate into an oven to be baked according to standard baking conditions;
4, separating the aluminum foil 1 and the dry film together, and weighing the aluminum foil and the dry film to obtain m2(ii) a Measuring the thickness t of the dry film by using a film thickness meter;
5, measuring the length d of two adjacent edges at the inner side of the white paper frame 31And d2；
6, calculating the dry film density ρ using the following formula:
and 7, preparing a plurality of samples by using the coating to be detected in parallel spraying according to the steps, and taking the arithmetic average value of the dry film densities of the plurality of samples to obtain the final dry film density of the coating to be detected.
Example 1
In example 1, finishes a, b, and c were AR3000 system waterborne white finishes that were tested for dry film density, with three parallel samples for each finish. According to the field requirements, the dry film thickness of the finish paint is set to be 15 mu m during spraying, the performance of the composite coating of the paint film is detected, the formula of the finish paint is shown in Table 1, the unit of each component is g, and the performance detection result of the paint film is shown in Table 2:
TABLE 1 formulation of topcoats a, b and c of example 1
| Formulation constitution | Finish a | Finish paint b | Finish c |
| AR3000 Water-based base (resin) | 428 | 388 | 368 |
| Oily fraction | 60 | 60 | 60 |
| Water white pulp (pigment and filler) | 100 | 140 | 160 |
| Pure water | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Thickening agent | 3.33 | 3.33 | 3.33 |
TABLE 2 Performance indices of topcoats a, b, c of example 1
By combining the data in tables 1 and 2, the resin content in the finish paint a, the finish paint b and the finish paint c is gradually reduced, the pigment and filler content is gradually increased, the dry film density of the finish paint is gradually increased, and meanwhile, the adhesive force, the impact resistance, the flexibility and the overbaking resistant adhesive force of the paint film are gradually reduced. The performance of the paint film can be obtained by detecting the density of the dry film through a simple process by using the dry film density detection method provided by the invention.
Example 2
In example 2, the topcoats d, e and f are SP M-95 system solvent-based white topcoats, dry film density detection is performed on the topcoats, according to the requirements on the site, the dry film thickness of the topcoats is set to 18 μ M during spraying, performance detection is performed on the composite coatings of the paint films, the formula of the topcoats is shown in Table 3, the unit of each component is g, and the performance detection result of the paint films is shown in Table 4:
TABLE 3 formulation of topcoats d, e, and f of example 2
| Formulation constitution | Finish d | Finish e | Finish f |
| SP M-95BASE CLEAR (environmental) (resin) | 40 | 35 | 30 |
| CAB 381-0.5 10％ | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Acetic acid butyl ester | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| White pulp (pigment and filler) | 50 | 55 | 60 |
TABLE 4 Performance indices of topcoats d, e, and f of example 2
By combining the data in tables 3 and 4, the resin content in the finish paint d, the finish paint e and the finish paint f is gradually reduced, the pigment and filler content is gradually increased, the dry film density of the finish paint is gradually increased, and meanwhile, the adhesive force, impact resistance, flexibility and over-baking resistance of the paint film are gradually reduced and even can not reach the standard. The performance of the paint film can be obtained by detecting the density of the dry film through a simple process by using the dry film density detection method provided by the invention.
Example 3
The g, h and i middle coats in example 3 were tested for dry film density, the thickness of the middle coat was set to 35 μm when sprayed as required on site, and the actual consumption of the coating was recorded, the formula of the middle coat is shown in Table 5, the units of each component are g, and the results of the spraying conditions and the consumption are shown in Table 6:
TABLE 5 formulation of the basecoat materials g, h and i in example 3
| Formulation constitution | Middle coating g | Middle coating h | Middle coating i |
| Aqueous base | 326 | 300 | 280 |
| Sand pulp grinding | 147 | 173 | 193 |
| Water (W) | 26 | 26 | 26 |
TABLE 6 spraying conditions and paint consumptions for the middle lacquers g, h and i in example 3
Combining the data in tables 5 and 6, the raw materials in the middle paints g, h and i are the same in type, the relative proportions of the resin and the pigment and filler contents are gradually reduced, the dry film density of the middle paint is gradually increased, and the unit paint consumption sprayed to the set film thickness is also gradually increased.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that: the electrostatic spraying was replaced by a manual spraying method, the remaining conditions were kept constant, and the dry film density test results are shown in table 7:
TABLE 7 Dry film Density test results
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that: the electrostatic spraying was replaced by an automatic air spray gun spraying method, the remaining conditions were kept constant, and the dry film density test results of comparative example 2 are shown in table 8:
TABLE 8 Dry film Density test results
As can be seen from tables 7-8, the resin content of the finish paint a, the finish paint b and the finish paint c is gradually reduced, the pigment and filler content is gradually increased, the dry film density detected by other detection methods does not show the gradual increase trend as shown in Table 2, and the density of part of the dry film is inconsistent with the change rule of the performance of the paint film, so that the error is large.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other variations or modifications may be made on the basis of the above description, and all embodiments may not be exhaustive, and all obvious variations or modifications may be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for detecting the density of a dry film of an automobile coating is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: measuring mass m of square aluminum foil1Spreading an aluminum foil on a test board, covering a square white paper frame on the edge of the aluminum foil, and fixing the white paper frame on the test board by using a masking tape; spraying a coating to be detected on the aluminum foil exposed on the inner side of the white paper frame;
s2: drying the coating, separating the aluminum foil and the dry film together, and weighing the aluminum foil and the dry film with the mass m2(ii) a Measuring the thickness t of the dry film by using a film thickness meter; measuring the length d of two adjacent edges at the inner side of the white paper frame1And d2；
S3: the dry film density ρ is calculated using the following formula:
2. the method of claim 1, wherein the spraying process employs an electrostatic spray shuttle.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the test panel is at least one of an a4 aluminum panel, a4 tinplate, a4 cold rolled steel panel, A3 aluminum panel, A3 tinplate, A3 cold rolled steel panel.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lengths of two adjacent sides of the square aluminum foil are 80-90mm and 135-145mm, respectively.
5. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the length d of two adjacent edges inside the frame of white paper160-70mm, d2115-125 mm; the lengths of two adjacent edges outside the white paper frame are respectively 110mm and 155 mm and 165 mm.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the textured glue is a high temperature resistant textured glue.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the measuring of the thickness of the dry film is performed by: using a thickness meter, at least five thicknesses including four corners and a central position of the dry film are measured, and then an arithmetic average of the five thicknesses is calculated to obtain the thickness t of the dry film.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein m is1And m2The accuracy of the electronic balance used in the measurement was 0.0001 g.
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Application publication date: 20200324 |