CN110907129B - 具有一维自由度和气密封的气浮支撑装置 - Google Patents

具有一维自由度和气密封的气浮支撑装置 Download PDF

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CN110907129B
CN110907129B CN201911200178.XA CN201911200178A CN110907129B CN 110907129 B CN110907129 B CN 110907129B CN 201911200178 A CN201911200178 A CN 201911200178A CN 110907129 B CN110907129 B CN 110907129B
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包福兵
陈韬厚
凃程旭
蒋仁杰
杨森森
金积君
尹招琴
高晓燕
许飞
陈然
陈强
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China Jiliang University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种具有一维自由度和气密封的气浮支撑装置。本发明中的密封罩内设置有模型支座、气浮轴和气浮轴承，构成气浮平台，其中模型支座架设在一对气浮轴之间，气浮轴由气浮轴承支撑，气浮轴与气浮轴承滑动配合，模型支座下方设置有具有一维自由度的航行器模型；气体压力源的出口通过两个精密减压阀分别给气浮轴承和密封罩供气。气浮支撑装置安装于长槽上，长槽开于水洞或风洞实验段的上盖板，且与来流方向垂直；航行器模型穿过长槽并没入流体中；长槽与气浮平台由密封罩将其与实验段密封起来。本发明在避免外力干扰的前提下使得航行器模型在与流向垂直的水平方向具有一维自由度，更好地还原涡脱落以及流体力诱发的受迫振动。

Description

具有一维自由度和气密封的气浮支撑装置
技术领域
本发明属于机械工程、土木及桥梁工程技术领域，具体是涉及一种具有一维自由度和气密封的气浮支撑装置。
背景技术
航行器是一种可航行在空气或水中的航行体，因其独特的性能可在灾难营救、情报侦查、地理研究、资源勘测等领域发挥重要的作用。航行器作为一种新型现代化设备，所涉及的技术领域非常广，涉及航行器设计、流体力学、多相流、机械设计、控制及信息传递等多学科领域，其中流体动力外形设计是一个重要环节，也是其他各项技术的依托，国内外研究人员都给予了高度重视。
航行器航行时，壳体表面会产生阻力、噪声与倾覆力矩等许多有害因素，所以在航行器设计时需要使其具备良好的流体动力学特性。因此本发明针对航行器流体动力外形优化展开，将航行器模型近似为柱体模型，主要涉及钝柱体绕流领域。
钝柱体绕流中当雷诺数超过某一临界值时，柱体尾部将交替性脱落流体旋涡并在柱体表面产生交变载荷，从而引发柱体结构作周期性振动，这种由流体脱落涡所激发的结构振动即涡激振动（Vortex-induced vibration, VIV）。涡激振动（VIV）广泛存在于自然界与工程应用，如在高层建筑、桥墩以及海洋结构物的设计与布局过程中，预防VIV的破坏都至关重要，在这种问题的处理上，除了加强结构强度或者改善所使用的材质外，最根本的做法就是抑制旋祸脱落和改善结构振动现象的发生。
大量研究表明VIV中存在多种不同特性的运动模态及一些显著现象，其中“共振”、“频率锁定”等现象的发生机制已取得较为清晰的认识。但是，对于VIV中的许多重要问题，如系统可能存在多少种不同特性的响应模态，引发不同响应模态的涡动力学机制，模态之间如何发生跳跃式转捩，最大可能响应振幅及结构在超高雷诺数时的动力学行为等，尚未得到很好的解决。鉴于其重要的理论与应用价值，VIV历来受到学者们的特别关注，是流体力学的热点问题之一。
综上所述，钝柱体绕流中的涡激振动（VIV）具有极其广泛的应用背景，钝柱体绕流及其诱发的柱体振动问题在基础研究和工程应用中都有着重要意义。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术的不足，提供了一种安装于水洞或风洞实验段上的具有一维自由度和气密封的气浮支撑装置。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
本发明包括气体压力源、精密减压阀、气浮轴、气浮轴承、模型支座和密封罩。
在所述的密封罩内设置有模型支座、气浮轴和气浮轴承，构成气浮平台，其中模型支座架设在一对气浮轴之间，所述的气浮轴由气浮轴承支撑，气浮轴与气浮轴承滑动配合，所述的模型支座下方设置有具有一维自由度的航行器模型；所述的气体压力源的出口通过两个精密减压阀分别给气浮轴承和密封罩供气。
所述的气浮支撑装置安装于长槽上，所述的长槽开于水洞或风洞实验段的上盖板，且与来流方向垂直；所述的航行器模型穿过长槽并没入流体中；所述的长槽与所述的气浮平台由密封罩将其与实验段密封起来，以保证实验段的流体不会溢入密封罩内，避免增加航行器模型的阻力。
进一步说，所述的密封罩上还设置有限压阀。
进一步说，设水洞或风洞中流体的压力为PL，密封罩内的压力为PS，则PS为1~2PL。
进一步说，所述的气浮平台上安装三维力传感器，用于测量航行器模型的受力情况。
与现有的技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明针对具有一维自由度和气密封的气浮支撑装置展开，在流向上固定航行器模型，在避免外力干扰的前提下使得航行器模型在与流向垂直的水平方向具有一维自由度，更好的还原实验中涡脱落以及流体力诱发的受迫振动。
本发明采用气浮支撑方式最大限度的减小了滑动阻力。
本发明装置可进行PIV实验、测力实验等，具有较强的适应性，实践操作性能较高。
附图说明
图1为本发明所述的具有一维自由度和气密封的气浮支撑装置整体示意图；
图2为本发明所述的具有一维自由度和气密封的气浮支撑装置在垂直于水流方向的横向剖面示意图；
图3为本发明所述的具有一维自由度和气密封的气浮支撑装置在垂直于水流方向的局部剖面俯视示意图；
附图标记：1、气体压力源 2、精密减压阀 3、模型支座 4、密封罩 5、气浮轴 6、航行器模型（柱体模型） 7、气浮轴承 8、限压阀。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述。
在实验段的上盖板开一个横向长槽，横向长槽垂直于实验段来流流体的方向。由气浮轴5、气浮轴承7、模型支座3组成气浮平台安装于横向长槽上方，由一个密封罩4将气浮平台与实验段密封起来，其中模型支座3架设在一对气浮轴5之间，每根气浮轴5由一对气浮轴承7支撑，气浮轴承7内工作气体由气体压力源1与精密减压阀2供以一定压力的气体，气浮轴5与气浮轴承7之间滑动配合。
工作时，气体压力源1提供的气体通过精密减压阀2为密封罩4内供以一定压力的气体进行气密封，其中实验段流体压力为PL，密封罩4内的气体压力为PS，为保证实验段的流体不会溢入密封罩4内，使得PS=1~2PL，以避免增加航行器模型6的阻力、影响气浮支撑装置的正常工作，气浮轴承7会释放多余的气体，为保证密封罩4内稳定的气体压力，多余的气体由限压阀8排出。
当实验段充满流体时，航行器模型6沿重力方向穿过横向长槽并没入实验段流体中，航行器模型6刚性连接于模型支座3，从而在垂直于来流方向上具有一维自由度，由于柱体尾流卡门涡街的作用，航行器模型可以在流体力的作用下，沿此横向做自由的往复运动。
实施例，以航行器模型采用柱体模型为例：
在实验段的上盖板开一个横向长槽，横向长槽垂直于实验段来流流体的方向。气浮平台安装于横向长槽上方，由一个密封罩4将气浮平台与实验段密封起来，气浮轴承7内工作气体由气体压力源1与精密减压阀2供以一定压力的气体。工作时，气体压力源1提供的气体通过精密减压阀2为密封罩4内供以一定压力的气体进行气密封，气浮轴承7会释放多余的气体，为保证密封罩4内稳定的气体压力，多余的气体由限压阀8排出。当实验段充满流体时，柱体模型6沿重力方向穿过横向长槽并没入实验段流体中，柱体模型6刚性连接于模型支座3，从而在垂直于来流方向上具有一维自由度，由于柱体尾流卡门涡街的作用，柱体模型可以在流体力的作用下，沿此横向做自由的往复运动。
有研究表明在平直槽道流中放置一个受迫振动柱体，由于柱体尾流涡脱落的作用，往往可以获得很好的流体混合与换热效果，由于柱体的振动是人为赋予的，在具体执行时往往会非常困难。由此，本发明所述的具有一维自由度和气密封的气浮支撑装置，相对于槽道内受迫振动柱体模型6，安装在具有一维自由度和气密封的柱体气浮支撑装置上的柱体模型6在流体力诱发下产生振动，无须人为制造额外的柱体模型6运动，处于平直槽道流中的柱体模型6在流向固定，同时在横向响应流体力作自由运动。
本发明在进行PIV实验时，激光器的片光源可以从正面透射进入预测流场区域，而相机则置于实验段底部进行拍摄，反之亦可；进行高速相机拍摄时，相机的机位与PIV实验类似，由此可以完成流场的PIV瞬态流场测量及高速拍摄。柱体模型6的测力实验可在气浮平台上安装三维力传感器，再将柱体模型6安装在力传感器上即可，实践操作性能较高。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例，并非对本发明作任何限制，凡是根据本发明技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、变更以及等效结构变化，均仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围内。

Claims (4)

1.具有一维自由度和气密封的气浮支撑装置，其特征在于：包括气体压力源、精密减压阀、气浮轴、气浮轴承、模型支座和密封罩；
在所述的密封罩内设置有模型支座、气浮轴和气浮轴承，构成气浮平台，其中模型支座架设在一对气浮轴之间，所述的气浮轴由气浮轴承支撑，气浮轴与气浮轴承滑动配合，所述的模型支座下方设置有具有一维自由度的航行器模型；所述的气体压力源的出口通过两个精密减压阀分别给气浮轴承和密封罩供气；
所述的气浮支撑装置安装于长槽上，所述的长槽开于水洞或风洞实验段的上盖板，且与来流方向垂直；所述的航行器模型穿过长槽并没入流体中；所述的长槽与所述的气浮平台由密封罩将其与实验段密封起来，以保证实验段的流体不会溢入密封罩内，避免增加航行器模型的阻力。
2.根据权利要求1所述的具有一维自由度和气密封的气浮支撑装置，其特征在于：所述的密封罩上还设置有限压阀。
3.根据权利要求1所述的具有一维自由度和气密封的气浮支撑装置，其特征在于：设水洞或风洞中流体的压力为PL，密封罩内的压力为PS，则PS为1~2PL。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的具有一维自由度和气密封的气浮支撑装置，其特征在于：所述的气浮平台上安装三维力传感器，用于测量航行器模型的受力情况。
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Denomination of invention: Air floating support device with one-dimensional degrees of freedom and gas seal

Granted publication date: 20211203

License type: Common License

Record date: 20250305

Application publication date: 20200324

Assignee: Zhejiang Xinxing Infant and Child Products Co.,Ltd.

Assignor: China Jiliang University

Contract record no.: X2025330000041

Denomination of invention: Air floating support device with one-dimensional degrees of freedom and gas seal

Granted publication date: 20211203

License type: Common License

Record date: 20250305

Application publication date: 20200324

Assignee: Lanxi Jieda cotton swab Co.,Ltd.

Assignor: China Jiliang University

Contract record no.: X2025330000040

Denomination of invention: Air floating support device with one-dimensional degrees of freedom and gas seal

Granted publication date: 20211203

License type: Common License

Record date: 20250305

Application publication date: 20200324

Assignee: Lanxi Wanyuan Condiment Factory

Assignor: China Jiliang University

Contract record no.: X2025330000039

Denomination of invention: Air floating support device with one-dimensional degrees of freedom and gas seal

Granted publication date: 20211203

License type: Common License

Record date: 20250305

Application publication date: 20200324

Assignee: Zhejiang Haochuan sanitary products Co.,Ltd.

Assignor: China Jiliang University

Contract record no.: X2025330000038

Denomination of invention: Air floating support device with one-dimensional degrees of freedom and gas seal

Granted publication date: 20211203

License type: Common License

Record date: 20250305

Application publication date: 20200324

Assignee: ZHEJIANG WANSHENGDA INDUSTRY Co.,Ltd.

Assignor: China Jiliang University

Contract record no.: X2025330000037

Denomination of invention: Air floating support device with one-dimensional degrees of freedom and gas seal

Granted publication date: 20211203

License type: Common License

Record date: 20250305

Application publication date: 20200324

Assignee: Zhejiang Wangyufeng Liquor Industry Co.,Ltd.

Assignor: China Jiliang University

Contract record no.: X2025330000049

Denomination of invention: Air floating support device with one-dimensional degrees of freedom and gas seal

Granted publication date: 20211203

License type: Common License

Record date: 20250305

Application publication date: 20200324

Assignee: Lanxi Weiji Catering Co.,Ltd.

Assignor: China Jiliang University

Contract record no.: X2025330000048

Denomination of invention: Air floating support device with one-dimensional degrees of freedom and gas seal

Granted publication date: 20211203

License type: Common License

Record date: 20250305

Application publication date: 20200324

Assignee: Zhejiang Wuzhou Tea Industry Co.,Ltd.

Assignor: China Jiliang University

Contract record no.: X2025330000047

Denomination of invention: Air floating support device with one-dimensional degrees of freedom and gas seal

Granted publication date: 20211203

License type: Common License

Record date: 20250305

Application publication date: 20200324

Assignee: Zhejiang Fushang Agricultural Products Development Co.,Ltd.

Assignor: China Jiliang University

Contract record no.: X2025330000046

Denomination of invention: Air floating support device with one-dimensional degrees of freedom and gas seal

Granted publication date: 20211203

License type: Common License

Record date: 20250305

Application publication date: 20200324

Assignee: ZHEJIANG BAILIDE MOTORCYCLE FITTINGS Co.,Ltd.

Assignor: China Jiliang University

Contract record no.: X2025330000045

Denomination of invention: Air floating support device with one-dimensional degrees of freedom and gas seal

Granted publication date: 20211203

License type: Common License

Record date: 20250305

Application publication date: 20200324

Assignee: ZHEJIANG LANBAO MACHINERY Co.,Ltd.

Assignor: China Jiliang University

Contract record no.: X2025330000044

Denomination of invention: Air floating support device with one-dimensional degrees of freedom and gas seal

Granted publication date: 20211203

License type: Common License

Record date: 20250305

Application publication date: 20200324

Assignee: ZHEJIANG SANSEN TEXTILE Co.,Ltd.

Assignor: China Jiliang University

Contract record no.: X2025330000043

Denomination of invention: Air floating support device with one-dimensional degrees of freedom and gas seal

Granted publication date: 20211203

License type: Common License

Record date: 20250305

EE01 Entry into force of recordation of patent licensing contract
EE01 Entry into force of recordation of patent licensing contract

Application publication date: 20200324

Assignee: LANXI FANGYUAN INDUSTRY Co.,Ltd.

Assignor: China Jiliang University

Contract record no.: X2025330000050

Denomination of invention: Air floating support device with one-dimensional degrees of freedom and gas seal

Granted publication date: 20211203

License type: Common License

Record date: 20250313