CN110906814A - Safe and efficient mining centralized blasting method - Google Patents
Safe and efficient mining centralized blasting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110906814A CN110906814A CN201911185617.4A CN201911185617A CN110906814A CN 110906814 A CN110906814 A CN 110906814A CN 201911185617 A CN201911185617 A CN 201911185617A CN 110906814 A CN110906814 A CN 110906814A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a safe and efficient mining centralized blasting method, belongs to the field of blasting engineering, and solves the problems that roof caving accidents are easy to occur, poisoning events are easy to occur, and blasting warning is difficult in the traditional method. The method comprises the following steps: arranging parallel medium-length holes on each mining-preparation horizontal operation working face and charging, and arranging fan-shaped medium-length holes on each stoping horizontal operation working face and charging; arranging one or more sub-detonation points on each ore body, and connecting each tunnel face with the sub-detonation points; uniformly connecting the separate initiation points of all ore bodies to form an initiation network; setting a total initiation point, and connecting a detonation network formed by the uniform connection lines with a total initiation point firing head; and detonating the total initiation point, thereby triggering the initiation points of all the parts to be detonated simultaneously. The invention avoids the risk of roof fall and rib spalling accidents caused by blasting earthquake waves, avoids the risk of poisoning and suffocation accidents caused by the diffusion of toxic and harmful gases generated by blasting, and avoids the occurrence of explosion accidents caused by alarm leakage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of blasting engineering, and particularly relates to a safe and efficient mining centralized blasting method.
Background
For the mining of large-scale mines, the mine blasting operation has many points and wide areas, and cross blasting operation exists, so that the blasting potential safety hazard is many. The traditional mining blasting method is initiated in each layer, so that the potential safety hazard of roof fall and rib spalling accidents caused by blasting seismic waves exists, toxic and harmful gas is generated after blasting and can be diffused to each operation level along with a wind shaft and a drop shaft, and workers have the risks of poisoning and suffocation and personal injury accidents caused by alarm leakage. The traditional mining blasting method has the defects of large quantity of initiation points and scattered distribution, and blasting warning difficulty and blasting missing easily occur due to the fact that the initiation points are complex and complicated and blasting time points cannot be unified.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a safe and efficient mining centralized blasting method to solve the problems that roof caving accidents are easy to occur, poisoning events are easy to occur and blasting warning is difficult in the traditional method.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a safe and efficient mining centralized blasting method comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging connecting channels on different levels of each ore body, arranging parallel medium-length holes on each mining preparation horizontal operation face and charging, and arranging fan-shaped medium-length holes on each stoping horizontal operation face and charging;
s2, arranging one or more sub-detonation points on each ore body, and connecting each face with the sub-detonation points by using detonating tubes;
s3, uniformly connecting the separate initiation points of all ore bodies to form an initiation network;
s4, setting a total initiation point, connecting an initiation network formed by the uniform connection lines with an initiation head of the total initiation point, and connecting the total initiation point with an exciter by using an initiation cable;
and S5, detonating the total detonation point through the exciter, thereby triggering the respective sub detonation points to detonate simultaneously.
As a further improvement of the invention, in the fifth step, the stoping preparation operation is initiated firstly and then the stoping operation is initiated according to the relation between ore bodies during initiation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts a centralized detonation mode, and personnel are completely evacuated to the outside of the pit for detonation, thereby effectively avoiding the risk of roof fall and rib spalling accidents caused by blasting seismic waves;
2. the invention adopts a centralized detonation mode, thereby avoiding the risks of poisoning and asphyxia accidents caused by the diffusion of toxic and harmful gases generated by blasting, avoiding the links of contacting occupational hazard factors such as dust, noise, carbon monoxide and the like generated by blasting operation for blasting operation personnel, and effectively reducing the occupational hazards;
3. the centralized detonation mode is adopted, so that the detonation warning is facilitated, the blasting responsible personnel of each unit confirm that all personnel are evacuated to a designated safety area on site, the detonation is reported to the central control room, and the central control room confirms that all personnel are evacuated from the personnel positioning system and then permits the detonation, so that the detonation time is unified, and the occurrence of explosion accidents caused by alarm leakage is avoided;
4. the invention adopts a centralized detonating mode, reduces the blasting initiation point, prolongs the shot avoiding time and provides sufficient time for shot avoiding;
5. the invention adopts a centralized detonation mode, increases the effective operation time of each layer and improves the working efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a blasting network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of the ore body # 1 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the 2# ore body of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the 2# ore body of FIG. 3;
fig. 6 is a partial enlarged view of the 2# ore body in fig. 4.
In the figure, 1 is 1# ore body; 101 is the fractional detonation point of a 2655m horizontal slope crossing; 102 is the fractional detonation point of the 2610m horizontal link; 2 is 2# ore body; 201 is the fractional detonation point near the 2850m horizontal duty room; 202 is the fractional detonation point near the 2820m horizontal duty room; 3 is 3# ore body; 301 is the fractional detonation point of a horizontal ramp of 2830 m; 4 is 4# ore body; 401 is the fractional detonation point of the 2737m horizontal tie crossing; 402 is the fractional detonation point of 2700m horizontal tie crossing; 5 is a total initiation point I; 6 is an exciter I; 7 is a total initiation point II; 8 is an exciter II; and 9 is a central control room.
Detailed Description
The following examples further illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
The flow of a safe and efficient mining centralized blasting method is shown in fig. 1.
Examples 1,
A certain underground mine is divided into a 1# ore body, a 2# ore body, a 3# ore body and a 4# ore body, and a plurality of detonation points are arranged according to a traditional layered detonation method, wherein:
the production level of the 1.1 # ore body is 2655m, 2640m, 2625m and 2610m, and each water level is provided with 1 detonation point and 4 detonation points in total;
the production level of 2.2 # ore body is 2805m, 2820m, 2835m, 2850m, 2865m and 2880m, each water level is provided with 1 detonation point, and the total number of the detonation points is 6;
the production level of the 3.3 # ore body is 2865m, 2850m, 2835m, 2820m, 2805m, 2790m and 2775m, and each water level is averagely provided with 1 detonation point and 7 detonation points in total;
the production level of the 4.4 # ore body is 2760m, 2747m, 2737m, 2725m, 2712m, 2700m and 2685m, and each water level is provided with 1 detonation point and 7 detonation points in total.
The method is adopted for blasting, and the 4# ore body is far away from other three ore bodies, and the 4# ore body is communicated to the ground surface through a single slope, so that the concentrated blasting is carried out independently, namely, the 1# ore body, the 2# ore body and the 3# ore body are detonated through one total detonation point, and the 4# ore body is detonated through the other total detonation point.
The blasting network is shown in fig. 2-6, and comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging tie roads at different levels on each ore:
the production level of the 1# ore body 1 is as follows: a recovery level of 2655m, 2640m, and a recovery level of 2625m, 2610 m;
the production level of the 2# ore body 2 is as follows: the mining levels of 2805m, 2820m and 2835m and the mining levels of 2850m, 2865m and 2880 m;
the production level of the No. 3 ore body 3 is as follows: 2865m, 2850m, 2835m, 2820m, 2805m, 2790m, 2775 m;
the production level of the No. 4 ore body 4 is as follows: 2760m stoping level, and 2747m, 2737m, 2725m, 2712m, 2700m and 2685m stoping level;
and arranging fan-shaped medium-length holes on each stoping horizontal operation working face and charging, and arranging parallel medium-length holes on each stoping horizontal operation working face and charging. In the figure, a represents the extraction level and B represents the standard level.
S2, setting one or more sub-detonation points on each ore body, and connecting each face with the sub-detonation points by using detonating tubes:
2 fractional detonation points are arranged on the No. 1 ore body, and the positions of the fractional detonation points are respectively at a 2655m horizontal slope road junction and a 2610m horizontal communication road junction; wherein, the partial detonation point 101 of the 2655m horizontal slope crossing is connected with the 2655m and 2640m horizontal stoping operation face, and the partial detonation point 102 of 2610m horizontal communication is connected with the 2625m and 2610m horizontal stoping operation face;
2 minute detonation points are arranged on the 2# ore body, and the positions of the 2# ore body are respectively near a 2850m horizontal duty room of the 2# ore body and near a 2820m horizontal duty room of the 2# ore body; wherein, the branch detonation point 201 near the 2850m horizontal duty room is connected with the 2880m, 2865m and 2850m horizontal stoping operation face, and the branch detonation point 202 near the 2820m horizontal duty room is connected with the 2835m, 2820m and 2805m horizontal stoping operation face;
1 fractional detonation point, namely the fractional detonation point 301 of a horizontal ramp of 2830m, is arranged on a 3# ore body, and is connected with horizontal stoping operation face surfaces of 2865m, 2850m and 2835m and horizontal stoping operation face surfaces of 2820m, 2805m, 2790m and 2775 m;
2 fractional explosion points are arranged on the No. 4 ore body, and the positions of the fractional explosion points are respectively at a 2737m horizontal communication road junction and a 2700m horizontal communication road junction; wherein, the branch detonation point 401 of 2737m horizontal connection road junction connects 2712m, 2725m, 2737m, 2747m horizontal mining operation face and 2760m horizontal mining operation face, and the branch detonation point 402 of 2700m horizontal connection road junction connects 2685m, 2700m horizontal mining operation face.
In the figure, the positions of the respective initiation points are indicated by five-pointed stars.
S3, uniformly connecting the separate initiation points of the 1#, 2#, and 3# ore bodies by using initiation tubes to form an initiation network; and uniformly connecting the fractional detonation points of the 4# ore body by using a detonating tube system to form another detonating network.
The total initiation point I (5) of S4, 1#, 2#, and 3# ore bodies is arranged at a horizontal cave mouth of 2640m, a detonation network formed by unified connecting lines is connected with a firing head of the total initiation point I (5) through a detonation cable, and the total initiation point I (5) is connected with an exciter I (6) through the detonation cable;
a total initiation point II (7) of the No. 4 ore body is arranged at a 2737m horizontal adit, a detonation network formed by uniform connection lines is connected with a firing head of the total initiation point II (7) through a detonation cable, and the total initiation point II (7) is connected with an exciter II (8) through the detonation cable;
the exciter I (6) and the exciter II (8) are both arranged in the central control room 9.
And S5, detonating the main detonation point I (5) through the exciter I (6), and detonating the main detonation point II (7) through the exciter II (8), thereby triggering the respective sub detonation points to detonate simultaneously. During detonation, the mining preparation operation is initiated firstly according to the relation between ore bodies, and then the stoping operation is initiated.
The explosion avoiding time of each layer of the 4# ore body is delayed from 15:20 to 16:45, the effective operation time is increased by 85 minutes for each layer every day, the effective operation time is increased by 510 minutes for a plurality of layers, and the working efficiency is improved.
Because the mine blasting operation has multiple points and wide surface and has cross blasting operation, 24 initiation points are totally calculated by adopting the traditional initiation method, and toxic and harmful gas generated after blasting can be diffused to various levels along with the air shaft and the drop shaft. After the method is adopted for centralized blasting, poisoning and suffocation accidents caused by toxic and harmful gas generated by blasting are avoided.
By adopting the traditional initiation method, the mine is subjected to blasting warning work by each mine blasting responsible person, the blasting time is not uniform, the blasting time span is 16: 00-18: 00 every day, and the warning difficulty is higher. After centralized detonation is carried out by adopting the method, after the blasting responsible persons of each unit confirm that the blasting responsible persons are in place and are in the right positions, the blasting responsible persons report to the central control room 40 minutes before the detonation, for 1#, 2# and 3# ore bodies, the central control room confirms that all the personnel are evacuated to the outside of a horizontal cave mouth of 2640m from the personnel positioning system, and for 4# ore bodies, the central control room confirms that all the personnel are evacuated to the outside of a horizontal cave mouth of 2737m from the personnel positioning system, so that the detonation can be permitted. The method of the invention not only unifies the blasting time, but also avoids the occurrence of explosion accidents caused by alarm leakage.
The method of the invention fully implements the safety policy of 'safety first, prevention first and comprehensive treatment'.
Claims (2)
1. A safe and efficient mining centralized blasting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, arranging connecting channels on different levels of each ore body, arranging parallel medium-length holes on each mining preparation horizontal operation face and charging, and arranging fan-shaped medium-length holes on each stoping horizontal operation face and charging;
s2, arranging one or more sub-detonation points on each ore body, and connecting each face with the sub-detonation points by using detonating tubes;
s3, uniformly connecting the separate initiation points of all ore bodies to form an initiation network;
s4, setting a total initiation point, connecting an initiation network formed by the uniform connection lines with an initiation head of the total initiation point, and connecting the total initiation point with an exciter by using an initiation cable;
and S5, detonating the total detonation point through the exciter, thereby triggering the respective sub detonation points to detonate simultaneously.
2. A safe and efficient centralized mining blasting method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and in the fifth step, the production preparation operation is initiated firstly during initiation, and then the production recovery operation is initiated.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112212751A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-01-12 | 长园共创电力安全技术股份有限公司 | Blasting error prevention system, blasting error prevention method and storage medium |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112212751A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-01-12 | 长园共创电力安全技术股份有限公司 | Blasting error prevention system, blasting error prevention method and storage medium |
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Application publication date: 20200324 |