CN110904154B - 一种小鼠海马ca2区域特异表达cre的aav载体构建方法及应用 - Google Patents

一种小鼠海马ca2区域特异表达cre的aav载体构建方法及应用 Download PDF

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CN110904154B
CN110904154B CN201911188572.6A CN201911188572A CN110904154B CN 110904154 B CN110904154 B CN 110904154B CN 201911188572 A CN201911188572 A CN 201911188572A CN 110904154 B CN110904154 B CN 110904154B
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李默怡
彭思琦
庄燕
谢维
张俊
吕曜辰
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种能在小鼠海马CA2区域特异表达Cre重组酶的AAV病毒载体构建方法和应用。本发明截取小鼠海马CA2特异表达基因Map3k15的部分启动子区域连接Cre重组酶,并克隆到不含初始启动子的pAAV载体上。本发明构建的Map3k15启动子连接Cre重组酶的AAV载体可以有效地在小鼠海马CA2区域特异过表达Cre重组酶实现在CA2区域的神经元活性的特异性调控,建立了不依赖于Cre转基因小鼠的CA2神经元示踪和调控体系,为研究CA2区域的功能提供了有效的工具,为后续的CA2功能分子机制的研究提供了基础。

Description

一种小鼠海马CA2区域特异表达CRE的AAV载体构建方法及 应用
技术领域
本发明涉及基因工程技术领域,具体为一种小鼠海马CA2区域特异表达CRE的AAV载体构建方法及应用。
背景技术
神经系统疾病如认知障碍、自闭症、老年痴呆等对社会及家庭的危害正日益受到更为广泛地社会及个人关注。而目前我们对于神经系统的认识尚处在探索期,对于哺乳动物各个脑区及不同神经细胞的功能及神经环路的了解都非常有限。
诸多研究已知海马是对认知、学习、记忆和社交都有重要影响的脑区,而海马CA2区域近年来被证实与社交记忆相关,但是其分子机制尚不明确。为了对CA2社交记忆的相关分子机制进行进一步探究,需要有效的工具和手段对CA2区域的神经元进行有效的标记、调控和分离。
Cre重组酶能识别特异的DNA序列,即loxP位点,使loxP位点间的基因序列被删除或重组。利用Cre-LoxP系统可以调控在特定细胞中特定蛋白质的表达,如荧光蛋白、光敏蛋白或化学调控元件的表达,从而实现对细胞的实时观察以及活性调控等。这一系统在哺乳动物模型如小鼠的中枢神经系统中应用尤其广泛。而Cre重组酶在小鼠中的表达可以通过直接构建Cre的转基因小鼠,也可以通过构建表达Cre的病毒载体来实现。
目前广泛使用的可以实现有效标记或调控CA2神经细胞的是两款Cre转基因小鼠,分别是Siegelbaum实验室构建的Amigo2-cre和Tonegawa实验室构建的Map3k15-creknockin小鼠,Amigo2和Map3k15是两个目前已知在CA2区域特异表达的基因。但是这两款小鼠需要从JAX Lab购买并经国际长途运输,耗时过长且购买与品系维护成本昂贵,因此构建成本低廉且耗时较短的CA2特异性Cre工具病毒是使用CA2特异性Cre转基因小鼠的必要替代方案。
我们在Allen Brain Atlas上比较了包括Amigo2、Map3k15和RGS14三个基因的转录表达图谱发现Map3k15的区域特异性最高。因此决定选取Map3k15启动子的核心片段驱动Cre重组蛋白的特异性表达。
腺相关病毒(AAV)是目前应用最为广泛的在体表达工具,针对不同用途以及AAV在不同组织和细胞中的感染偏好,科研人员迄今已经开放出数十种经过改造的AAV血清型。相较于其他类型的工具病毒,AAV在中枢神经系统的高效感染率及低免疫毒性使它们成为神经学领域目前最为广泛使用的病毒工具。
发明内容
技术目标:在现有技术条件下,本发明第一个目的在于提供可以在CA2驱动Cre重组酶特异表达的启动子;本发明的第二个目的在于提供可以在CA2特异启动子驱动下成功表达Cre重组酶的AAV病毒;本发明的第三个目的在于提供这种特异AAV病毒的应用范例。本发明构建的Map3k15启动子驱动的Cre重组酶载体,配合DIO-EGFP、DIO-化学元件和DIO-光遗传元件等的应用,解决了在CA2区域有效标记示踪神经元、有效控制神经细胞活性的问题。在本发明中,Map3k15启动子驱动的Cre重组酶AAV载体在小鼠海马特异性表达并实现了对CA2神经元的有效荧光标记和控制。
技术方案:为实现上述发明的目的,本发明提供了一种CA2特异Map3k15启动子驱动的Cre重组酶AAV载体,主要是由以下步骤所得:
在NCBI搜索小鼠中mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 15(Map3k15,NM_001163085.3)的基因序列(NC_000086.7)。使用引物对Map3kpromo-F2:aggttggctgcaaactcact和Map3kpromo-R:atcgtagaaggcatcgagcac以小鼠DNA为模板,扩增Map3k15 5’-端3639bp片段,其中还包括起始密码子下游369bp的部分Exon1。同时使用引物对Map3kpromo-F:gctggaactagggaaggatttc和Map3kpromo-R:atcgtagaaggcatcgagcac及引物对Map3kpromo-F3:gggagggaggaaagaaggaa和Map3kpromo-R2:GTGACTGGCCCGCGGGGCTG同法扩增2293bp和499bp Map3k15 5’端启动子片段。
为检测启动子的启动效率,将不同长度的Map3k15启动子片段亚克隆入luciferase reporter载体pGL4.1,进行荧光素酶活性测定。经测定2293bp和499bp片段有很好的启动效率。
用非连接酶依赖型的多片段一步克隆法将2293bp及499bp启动子分别亚克隆至rAAV-Ef1α-NLS-Cre-WPRE-pA载体并取代已有的Ef1α启动子;获得rAAV-Map3k15-Cre载体。由和元生物技术有限公司进行AAV9病毒包装,滴度应在1.0x1012 vg/ml以上。
本发明还公开了上述CA2特异Map3k15启动子驱动的Cre重组酶AAV载体的应用,所述应用包括如下步骤:
包装好的AAV9/Map3k15-cre病毒与AAV9/EF1a-Dio-EYFP混合(总体积100nl,1:1混合,总颗粒数5x108左右),双侧立体定位注射至8周的成年小鼠海马CA2区域(M/L:±1.80mm;A/P:-1.67mm;D/W:-1.57mm)。相同体积和相近病毒颗粒数的AAV9/CMV-GFP作为病毒特异性的阴性对照以同样的方式进行注射。
四周后对注射小鼠进行PFA固定灌流并取脑组织进行连续冷冻切片。切片与CA2marker抗体RGS14共染,确定荧光表达的位置、范围。
包装好的AAV9/Map3k15-cre病毒与化学抑制工具病毒AAV9/EF1a-Dio-hM4D-mcherry混合(总体积100nl,1:1混合,总颗粒数5x108左右),双侧立体定位注射至8周的成年小鼠海马CA2区域。
四周后对注射小鼠进行CNO或生理盐水(阴性对照)腹腔注射,并对小鼠进行三箱行为测试。
本发明还公开了一种在CA2驱动Cre重组酶特异表达的启动子,所述启动子为:Map3k15启动子片段。尤其是Map3k15启动子片段499bp。
有益效果:Map3k15启动子片段成功驱动Cre重组酶在CA2区域有效表达,进而激活GFP和融合蛋白hM4D-mcherry在CA2的表达。和非特异性启动子(如CMV)驱动的Cre表达载体相比,Map3k15-Cre的表达在相同注射条件下能够更加精确地定位在CA2区域,而不会明显渗漏到其他区域。而与现有的Amigo2-cre或Map3k15-cre knock-in小鼠相比,其具有以下优点:
可以在较短时间内实现在成年小鼠CA2区域中的神经元荧光标记和神经元调控;
其荧光标记效果和神经元调控效果和knock-in小鼠是一致的;
在缺乏cre小鼠的条件下,AAV9/Map3k15-Cre完全可以代替cre小鼠作为CA2神经元的标记及神经活性调控工具,为后续CA2神经元的分离和分子调控机制的研究提供有效的替代手段。
附图说明
图1、不同大小的Map3k15的转录启动效率图;
图2、rAAV-Map3k15-Cre质粒图谱图;
图3、注射方案示意图;
图4、Map3k15-Cre特异性表达结果图;
图5、AAV9/CMV-EGFP表达结果图;
图6、图2中的小鼠CA2附近位置的连续切片图;
图7、注射方案示意图;
图8、CNO作用下检测小鼠的社交行为示意图;
图9、三箱测试结果图;
图10、旷场测试结果图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例进一步描述本发明的技术解决方案。
实施例1:Map3k15启动子片段的克隆
(1)从小鼠大脑提取DNA(Qiagen DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit,CatalogNo.69504)作为模板,扩增Map3k15 5’-端不同长度的片段(Takara PrimerSTAR HS DNApolymerase,Catalog No.R010A)。
扩增Map3k15 5’-端3639bp片段,其中还包括起始密码子下游369bp的部分Exon1。使用引物对:
Map3kpromo-F2:aggttggctgcaaactcact;
Map3kpromo-R:atcgtagaaggcatcgagcac;
同时同法扩增2293bp Map3k15 5’-端启动子片段,使用引物对:
Map3kpromo-F:gctggaactagggaaggatttc;
Map3kpromo-R:atcgtagaaggcatcgagcac;
同时同法扩增499bp Map3k15 5’-端启动子片段,使用引物对:
Map3kpromo-F3:ggaggaagtcagggagggaggaaa;
Map3kpromo-R3:gcggggctggcggcttcgaa;
PCR扩增条件:98℃,3min;98℃,10sec;68℃,2min;step 2-3,30cycles;68℃,5min。
(2)三个Map3k15 5’-端扩增片段分别克隆到TOPO vector中(Zero BluntTM PCRCloning Kit,K275020),转化到DH5α大肠杆菌中并进行测序。
实施例2:Map3k15启动效率的测定
三个Map3k15 5’-端扩增片段分别亚克隆到pGL4.0质粒上,使用非连接酶依赖型的多片段一步克隆技术(Vazyme,ClonExpress MultiS One Step Cloning Kit,C113-02)及下列引物对:
3639bp片段
Map3k15-F2-Pgl4.1-F2:cctgagctcgctagcctcgagAGGTTGGCTGCAAACTCACTATG
Map3k15-R-Pgl4.1-R:cagtaccggattgccaagcttATCGTAGAAGGCATCGAGCACG
2219bp片段
Map3k15-F-Pgl4.1-F:cctgagctcgctagcctcgagGCTGGAACTAGGGAAGGATTTC
Map3k15-R-Pgl4.1-R:cagtaccggattgccaagcttATCGTAGAAGGCATCGAGCACG
499bp片段
Map3k15-F3-Pgl4.1-F:cctgagctcgctagcctcgagGGAGGAAGTCAGGGAGGGAGGAAA
Map3k15-R3-Pgl4.1-R:cagtaccggattgccaagcttGCGGGGCTGGCGGCTTCGAA
pGL4.0的多克隆位点是XhoI(5’-端)和HindIII(3’-端)。
(2)质粒转染细胞:
细胞铺板:将细胞按70%的汇合度接种到96孔板。
转染:24小时后转染萤光素酶报告基因质粒和反式作用因子基因质粒,每个样品设置6个复孔。
配制DNA和转染试剂:96孔板转染质粒时每孔比例为萤火虫萤光素酶载体(Firefly):海肾萤光素酶载体(Renilla):转染试剂=0.1μg:0.002μg:0.5μl。(转录因子质粒或对照质粒0.1ug)。
稀释好DNA和转染试剂,常温孵育5min。
将稀释好的DNA和转录因子载体分别和转染试剂混匀,常温孵育20min。
每孔弃去50μl培养基,将50μL质粒转染混合液添加到每孔细胞样品中。
转染6小时后,换新鲜完全培养基。
(3)双报告基因检测:
质粒共转染48小时后,弃去培养基,用100μl 1XPBS洗1遍。
倾斜96孔板,吸干剩余的PBS。
去离子水将5XPLB(Passive Lysis Buffer)稀释成1XPLB,使用前放到常温。
每孔加50μl稀释好的1X PLB,摇床常温条件下摇15min,进行裂解。
白色不透光的96孔酶标板中每孔加步骤4的上清液10μl,加入50μl预先混好的LARII,2s后测数据。
每孔添加50μl预先混好的Stop&Glo Reagent,静止2s后,测数据。
注意:进行Luciferase活性检测时,需在避光条件下进行。
(4)统计学分析:
GraphPad Prism(Ver.5,GraphPad Software)作图,并进行双侧t检验。经测定,如图1所示,与对照空载质粒及Synapsin启动子相比,2319bp和499bp片段都有非常强的启动效率,尤其499bp片段的启动效率比空载及Synapsin启动子高出约150倍。因此决定用499bp片段进行rAAV-Map3k15-cre载体的构建。片段序列见序列表Sequence No.1。
实施例3:rAAV-Map3k15-Cre质粒载体的构建
以rAAV-EF1α-NLS-Cre-WPRE-pA(武汉枢密脑科学技术有限公司,#143)质粒为载体骨架,将Map3k15 499bp片段仍通过非连接酶依赖型的多片段一步克隆技术克隆进MluI与SalI两个酶切位点。使用引物对:
143-map-F3-F:gttcctgcggccgcacgcgtGGAGGAAGTCAGGGAGGGAGG
143-map-F3-R:ttcttgggggccatgtcgacGCGGGGCTGGCGGCTTCG
获得如图2所示质粒载体,并送武汉枢密科学技术有限公司进行病毒包装。
实施例4:AAV9/rAAV-Map3k15-Cre与EF1α-DIO-EGFP联合使用应用于对CA2细胞的标记,
病毒注射;
小鼠灌流及冷冻切片;
免疫染色及荧光成像。
标记步骤如图3-6所示,图3为标记过程图,图6为图2中的小鼠CA2附近位置的连续切片图。结合图4、图5可知,按注射方案示意图注射后可看到,与常规AAV9/CMV-EGFP相比,Map3k15-Cre的表达激活了DIO-EYFP在CA2背侧区域的更精确的特异性表达。Rgs14(红):CA2特异性标志物。
实施例5:AAV9/rAAV-Map3k15-Cre与EF1α-DIO-EGFP联合使用应用于对CA2神经元的控制
(1)病毒注射;
(2)给药及行为测试;
(a)三箱行为测试;
(b)旷场行为测试。
行为测试如图7-10所示,按如图7所示的注射方案示意图注射后,在CNO作用下检测小鼠的社交行为(如图8),发现小鼠社交记忆能被有效抑制(三箱测试,如图9结果显示),而其他行为不受影响(旷场测试,如图10结果所示)。
本发明方案所公开的技术手段不仅限于上述实施方式所公开的技术手段,还包括由以上技术特征任意组合所组成的技术方案。应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也视为本发明的保护范围。
序列表
<110> 东南大学
<120> 一种小鼠海马CA2区域特异表达CRE的AAV载体构建方法
<160> 1
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 499
<212> DNA
<213> Mouse
<400> 1
ggaggaagtc agggagggag gaaagaagga aagaacgaag gaaggaaaaa aggaaggaag 60
ccaaggaaac gagtttgtaa cagtagttca aaggaagaac gaggggagga cccaaggaga 120
gccaaatcga gctgagccct gcaatcctcg cctcggccgg cgtccgggct gggggcgctg 180
cgcgggggag ccggcagggg gcgcccttgg cgttgctgcc ccgaggctct cggcagcgcc 240
ccctccgccc gtcctgacgt cggagccccc gcctctttct cgcgggcttt caaagggcgc 300
tcggggcaag ccggccctga gctccgctcc gccggccgcc ggagaacccg tggtcacctg 360
cccgccccgg cctctgcgcc cgccccctgc tccggctccc tgcggccgcc gtccgtcctc 420
cggtccgccc gtccgtcatc cgcctgtgca gcaggtgtct cggggaagag cacctgggct 480
tcgaagccgc cagccccgc 499

Claims (2)

1.一种小鼠海马CA2区域特异表达CRE的AAV载体构建方法,其特征在于:所述方法包括以下步骤:
步骤1:Map3k15启动子片段的克隆,在NCBI搜索小鼠中mitogen-activated proteinkinase kinase kinase 15的基因序列,以小鼠DNA为模板,扩增Map3k15 5’-端3639bp片段,其中还包括起始密码子下游369bp的部分Exon1;使用引物对:
Map3kpromo-F2:aggttggctgcaaactcact;
Map3kpromo-R:atcgtagaaggcatcgagcac;
同时同法扩增2293bp Map3k15 5’-端启动子片段,使用引物对:
Map3kpromo-F:gctggaactagggaaggatttc;
Map3kpromo-R:atcgtagaaggcatcgagcac;
同时同法扩增499bp Map3k15 5’-端启动子片段,使用引物对:
Map3kpromo-F3: ggaggaagtcagggagggaggaaa;
Map3kpromo-R3: gcggggctggcggcttcgaa;
步骤2:Map3k15启动效率的测定;具体测定步骤如下:将步骤1的不同长度的 Map3k15启动子片段亚克隆入luciferase reporter载体pGL4.1,进行荧光素酶活性测定,选出启动效率最好的启动子片段进行下一步构建;
步骤3:载体构建,用非连接酶依赖型的多片段一步克隆法将2293bp及499bp启动子分别亚克隆至rAAV-Ef1α-NLS-Cre-WPRE-pA载体并取代已有的Ef1α启动子,获得rAAV-Map3k15-Cre载体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤4中,选择序列表中Sequence No.1所示序列,也即499bp Map3k15 5’-端启动子片段作为特异性启动子进行下一步构建。
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