CN110899913A

CN110899913A - Welding tool and welding method for aluminum alloy vehicle body of railway vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN110899913A
Application number: CN201911134688.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王东旭
Original assignee: FAW Group Corp; Faw Foundry Co Ltd
Current assignee: FAW Group Corp; Faw Foundry Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-11-19
Filing date: 2019-11-19
Publication date: 2020-03-24
Anticipated expiration: 2039-11-19
Also published as: CN110899913B

Abstract

The invention discloses a welding tool and a welding method for an aluminum alloy vehicle body of a railway vehicle, belongs to the technical field of welding tools, and provides the welding tool for the aluminum alloy vehicle body of the railway vehicle, which can be used for welding a plurality of places of the vehicle body, adopts a semi-automatic welding mode, adopts a symmetrical welding process, improves the working efficiency, saves time and labor in the operation process, is more stable in operation due to the action of a damping device, improves the welding efficiency, can be used for welding a lower curved surface, improves the welding quality, is uniform in welding due to the smearing high-temperature welding mode in the welding method, and improves the efficiency. The welding tool and the welding method thereof solve the defects of various welding tools, poor universality and instability in the process of supporting the whole aluminum alloy vehicle body.

Description

Welding tool and welding method for aluminum alloy vehicle body of railway vehicle

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of welding tools, and particularly relates to a welding tool and a welding method for an aluminum alloy vehicle body of a railway vehicle.

Background

The aluminum alloy vehicle body comprises an underframe, a roof, side walls and end walls, wherein the side beams are arranged on two sides of the roof and comprise underframe fixing devices for realizing fixed support and positioning of the underframe; the chassis deflection pull-down device is used for realizing a chassis prefabricated deflection curve; the roof clamping and fixing device is used for clamping and positioning the roof during welding; the side wall assembly adjusting device is used for adjusting the verticality and the width of the side wall in the assembling process; the boundary beam assembly adjusting device is used for tensioning and adjusting the boundary beam; the roof clamping and fixing device comprises a roof support frame, an arc-shaped pressing device, a pressing block, side clamping devices and a pressing device, wherein the arc-shaped pressing device is arranged on the roof support frame and is attached to the arc-shaped surface of the roof to press the roof tightly, the side clamping devices are used for clamping and adjusting the side beams on the two sides of the roof, and the pressing device is used for pressing the roof in the vertical direction.

The turning of various parts can not be automatically realized after clamping by the tools used by most of the existing companies, most of turning needs to be realized manually, and the angle needs to be adjusted manually continuously to reach the optimal welding position. And because the tool is not designed in place in a turnover manner, a large number of welding seams cannot be welded automatically, manual welding is needed, and the welding efficiency is greatly influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a welding tool for an aluminum alloy vehicle body of a railway vehicle and a welding method thereof, aiming at solving the defects of various welding tools, poor universality and instability in the process of supporting the whole aluminum alloy vehicle body.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a welding tool for an aluminum alloy vehicle body of a railway vehicle comprises a supporting base plate 1, a U-shaped bearing block 2, a supporting rod 4, a rectangular frame I5, a motor I6, a rectangular frame II 7, a hollow groove 8, a sliding lug I9, a screw rod I10, a hydraulic cylinder I11, a sliding lug II 13, a vertical rod 14, a sliding rail 15, a rectangular frame III 16, a sliding lug III 17, a motor II 18, a helical gear I19, a screw rod II 20, a helical gear II 21, a hydraulic cylinder II 22, a pin shaft I23, an argon arc welding gun 24, a clamping plate 25, a swinging rod 26 and a pin shaft II 27; two U-shaped bearing blocks 2 which are arranged in parallel are arranged below the supporting base plate 1, two sliding rails 15 which are arranged in parallel are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the supporting base plate 1, a rectangular frame I5 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the supporting base plate 1 through four supporting rods 4 which are arranged in a rectangular shape, two empty grooves 8 which are arranged in parallel are arranged in the lower surface of the rectangular frame I5, sliding lugs I9 are connected to the inside of the empty grooves 8 in a sliding mode, a screw rod I10 is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of one of the empty grooves 8, threaded holes I which are matched with the screw rod I10 are arranged in the sliding lugs I9, a rectangular frame III 16 is arranged between the two sliding lugs I9, a screw rod II 20 is rotatably connected to one side wall in the rectangular frame III 16, two sliding lugs III 17 which are arranged in parallel are slidably connected to the inside of the rectangular frame III 16, and a, the directions of the two threaded holes II are opposite, a motor II 18 is installed at the central position of the outer side wall of the rectangular frame III 16, the output end of the motor II 18 penetrates through the rectangular frame III 16 and is connected with a helical gear I19, a helical gear II 21 meshed with the helical gear I19 is installed on a screw rod II 20, a rectangular frame II 7 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the sliding lug III 17, a hydraulic cylinder I11 is installed on the inner top surface of the rectangular frame II 7, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder I11 is connected with a sliding lug II 13, the sliding lug II 13 is in sliding connection with the inner side surface of the rectangular frame II 7, the adjacent side surfaces of the two sliding lugs II 13 are respectively and fixedly connected with a vertical rod 14, the other end of the vertical rod 14 is rotatably connected with a swinging rod 26 through a pin shaft II 27, the adjacent side surfaces of the two vertical rods 14 are respectively provided with a hydraulic cylinder, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder II 22 is rotatably connected with two clamping plates 25 through a pin shaft I23.

Further, the front end face and the rear end face of the U-shaped pressure bearing block 2 are respectively connected with the supporting base plate 1 through a damping device 3, the damping device 3 is composed of a spring 301, a sliding block 303, a pin shaft iii 304, a cross lifting rod 305 and a sliding rod 306, the front end face and the rear end face of the supporting base plate 1 are respectively provided with two parallel grooves 302, the two parallel sliding blocks 303 are slidably connected inside the grooves 302, the sliding rod 306 is installed inside the grooves 302, two ends of the sliding rod 306 penetrate through the sliding blocks 303, two inner side faces of each groove 302 are respectively connected with the adjacent sliding blocks 303 through the spring 301, the spring 301 surrounds the outer surface of the sliding rod 306, the U-shaped pressure bearing block 2 is connected with the two sliding blocks 303 through the cross lifting rod 305, and the cross lifting rod 305 is respectively slidably connected with the U-shaped pressure bearing block 2 and the sliding blocks 303 through the pin.

Further, hydraulic system case I12 is installed to II 7 lateral walls of rectangle frame, and pneumatic cylinder I11 passes through hydraulic system case I12 control, hydraulic system case II 28 is installed to a lateral wall of montant 14, and pneumatic cylinder II 22 passes through hydraulic system case II 28 control, control panel is installed to 1 lateral wall of supporting baseplate, and control panel is connected with motor I6, motor II 18, pneumatic cylinder I11 and pneumatic cylinder II 22 electricity respectively through a plurality of wire.

A rail vehicle aluminum alloy vehicle body welding method specifically comprises the following steps:

firstly, hanging a rail vehicle aluminum alloy vehicle body on two parallel slide rails 15 through a crane, and moving the rail vehicle to a central position by means of the slide rails 15;

polishing the aluminum alloy vehicle body with the rail vehicle rate by a polishing machine to obtain primary metal color, coating a transition layer on the polishing position, and standing for a period of time;

and step three, an operator holds the welding wire by hand, connects the argon arc welding gun 24 with an output pipe with an argon storage tank, aligns the welding wire with the position to be welded, and moves the position to be welded on the outer side surface of the aluminum alloy vehicle body by the argon arc welding gun 24 through the motor I6, the motor II 18, the hydraulic cylinder I11 and the hydraulic cylinder II 22 on the controller tooling equipment.

Furthermore, the thickness of the transition layer in the second step is 50-200 μm, the standing time is 3-8 hours, and the material of the transition layer is composed of chromium and nickel materials.

Further, in the third step, the welding current is 80-110A, the arc voltage is 10-16V, and the flow of the protective gas is 7-12L/min.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

the welding tool for the aluminum alloy vehicle body of the railway vehicle can be used for welding a plurality of places of the vehicle body, the welding mode adopts semi-automatic welding, the welding process is symmetrical, the working efficiency is improved, the time and the labor are saved in the operation process, the whole device is more stable in operation through the action of the damping device, the welding efficiency is improved, the welding can be carried out on the lower curved surface, the welding quality is improved, the welding method is uniform in welding through a coating high-temperature welding mode, and the efficiency is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a welding tool and a welding method for an aluminum alloy vehicle body of a railway vehicle in a front view;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view structure diagram of a rectangular frame I in the welding tool and the welding method for the aluminum alloy vehicle body of the railway vehicle;

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view structure diagram of a vertical rod in the welding tool and the welding method for the aluminum alloy vehicle body of the railway vehicle;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a damping device in the welding tool and the welding method for the aluminum alloy vehicle body of the railway vehicle;

in the figure: 1 supporting baseplate, 2U-shaped bearing blocks, 3 damping devices, 4 supporting rods, 5 rectangular frames I, 6 motors I, 7 rectangular frames II, 8 empty grooves, 9 sliding lugs I, 10 screw rods I, 11 hydraulic cylinders I, 12 hydraulic system boxes I, 13 sliding lugs II, 14 vertical rods, 15 sliding rails, 16 rectangular frames III, 17 sliding lugs III, 18 motors II, 19 bevel gears I, 20 screw rods II, 21 bevel gears II, 22 bevel gears II, 23 pin shafts I, 24 argon arc welding guns, 25 clamping plates, 26 swinging rods, 27 pin shafts II, 301 springs, 302 grooves, 303 sliding blocks, 304 pin shafts III, 305 crossed lifting rods and 306 sliding rods.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore, it should be noted that the terms "mounted" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, for example, the term "may be used in the present invention to refer to either a fixed connection, a detachable connection, a mechanical connection, an indirect connection via an intermediate medium, or an electrical connection.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in the embodiment of the invention, a welding tool for an aluminum alloy car body of a railway vehicle comprises a supporting base plate 1, a U-shaped bearing block 2, a damping device, a supporting rod 4, a rectangular frame i 5, a motor i 6, a rectangular frame ii 7, a hollow groove 8, a sliding projection i 9, a screw rod i 10, a hydraulic cylinder i 11, a sliding projection ii 13, a vertical rod 14, a sliding rail 15, a rectangular frame iii 16, a sliding projection iii 17, a motor ii 18, a helical gear i 19, a screw rod ii 20, a helical gear ii 21, a hydraulic cylinder ii 22, a pin shaft i 23, an argon arc welding gun 24, a clamping plate 25, a swing rod 26 and a pin shaft ii 27, wherein two U-shaped bearing blocks 2 are arranged in parallel are arranged below the supporting base plate 1, the front end face and the rear end face of each U-shaped bearing block 2 are respectively connected with the supporting base plate 1 through the damping device 3, the upper, the upper surface of the supporting base plate 1 is fixedly connected with a rectangular frame I5 through four supporting rods 4 which are arranged in a rectangular manner, two empty grooves 8 which are arranged in parallel are arranged in the lower surface of the rectangular frame I5, sliding lugs I9 are connected in the empty grooves 8 in a sliding manner, a screw rod I10 is connected in the inner side wall of one empty groove 8 in a rotating manner, a first threaded hole matched with the screw rod I10 is formed in the sliding lug I9, a rectangular frame III 16 is arranged between the two sliding lugs I9, a screw rod II 20 is connected in the inner side wall of the rectangular frame III 16 in a rotating manner, two sliding lugs III 17 which are arranged in parallel are connected in the rectangular frame III 16 in a sliding manner, a second threaded hole II matched with the screw rod II 20 is formed in the sliding lug III 17, the directions of the two threaded holes II are opposite, a second motor 18 is arranged in the center position of the outer side wall of the, the screw rod II 20 is provided with a helical gear II 21 meshed with the helical gear I19, the lower surface of the sliding lug III 17 is fixedly connected with a rectangular frame II 7, the inside top surface of the rectangular frame II 7 is provided with a hydraulic cylinder I11, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder I11 is connected with a sliding lug II 13, the inner side surface of the sliding lug II 13 is slidably connected with the inner side surface of the rectangular frame II 7, the adjacent side surfaces of the two sliding lugs II 13 are respectively and fixedly connected with a vertical rod 14, the other end of the vertical rod 14 is rotatably connected with a swinging rod 26 through a pin shaft II 27, the adjacent side surfaces of the two vertical rods 14 are respectively provided with a hydraulic cylinder II 22, the inner side wall of the other end of the swinging rod 26 is provided with an argon arc welding gun 24, the swinging rod 26 is fixedly connected with clamping plates 25 arranged on the two bottles close to the pin shaft, The support base plate comprises a sliding block 303, a pin shaft III 304, a crossed lifting rod 305 and a sliding rod 306, wherein two parallel grooves 302 are respectively arranged on the front end face and the rear end face of the support base plate 1, the two parallel sliding blocks 303 are connected with the inner portion of each groove 302 in a sliding mode, the sliding rod 306 is arranged on the inner portion of each groove 302, two ends of each sliding rod 306 penetrate through the corresponding sliding block 303, two inner side faces of each groove 302 are respectively connected with the adjacent sliding blocks 303 through springs 301, the springs 301 surround the outer surfaces of the corresponding sliding rods 306, the U-shaped bearing blocks 2 are connected with the two sliding blocks 303 through the crossed lifting rods 305, the crossed lifting rods 305 are respectively connected with the U-shaped bearing blocks 2 and the sliding blocks 303 through the pin shafts III 304 in a sliding mode, a hydraulic system box I12 is installed on one side wall of the rectangular frame II 7, a hydraulic system box II 28 is installed on one side wall of the vertical rod 14, and, a control panel is installed on one side wall of the supporting base plate 1 and is electrically connected with a motor I6, a motor II 18, a hydraulic cylinder I11 and a hydraulic cylinder II 22 through a plurality of wires respectively, the model of the motor I6 is YS6322-250w, the model of the motor II 18 is YS6322-150w, the model of the hydraulic cylinder I11 is ROB63 x 800mm, the model of the hydraulic cylinder II 22 is ROB63 x 200, and the related circuit and control of the patent are the prior art;

step three, an operator holds a welding wire by hand, an argon arc welding gun 24 is connected with an output pipe with an argon storage tank, the welding wire is aligned with a position to be welded, an electric motor I6, an electric motor II 18, a hydraulic cylinder I11 and a hydraulic cylinder II 22 on a controller tooling device are used for realizing that the argon arc welding gun 24 moves the outer side surface of the aluminum alloy vehicle body to be welded, a molten pool is guided to the edge during operation, and then the molten pool is gradually reduced to slowly extinguish arc;

in the second step, the thickness of the transition layer is 100 μm, and when the standing time is 4 hours, the material of the transition layer is made of chromium and nickel materials;

in the third step, the welding current is 100A, the arc voltage is 14V, and the flow of the protective gas is 9L/min.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: in the operation process, the vehicle is placed on two sliding rails 15 arranged in parallel, the vehicle is moved to the central position of a supporting base plate 1, a motor I6 and a motor II 18 are respectively opened, the motor I6 is started to drive a screw rod I5 to rotate, so that a sliding lug I9 is driven to move leftwards and rightwards in a hollow groove 8, a rectangular frame III 16 is driven to move in the rectangular frame I5 and can move from the outer surface of the vehicle body, the motor II 18 acts, a screw rod II 20 is driven to rotate through the meshing action of a helical gear I19 and a helical gear II 21, so that two sliding blocks 17 are driven to move relatively or move back to back, the distance between two vertical rods 14 and the vehicle body can be adjusted, the contact process of the argon arc welding gun 24 and the vehicle can be controlled, the vertical rods 14 are driven to move up and down through a hydraulic cylinder I11, the upper surface and the lower, the swing rod 26 can be driven to rotate, so that the lower curved surface of the bottom of the automobile body can be welded, the automobile body can be welded in a plurality of places, the welding process is symmetrical welding, the working efficiency is improved, the time and the labor are saved in the operation process, the whole device is more stable in operation through the action of the damping device 3, the welding efficiency is improved, the lower curved surface can be welded, the welding quality is improved, the welding method is uniform in welding through a coating high-temperature welding mode, and the efficiency is improved.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and the invention is not described in any way for the possible combinations in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.

In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rail vehicle aluminum alloy car body welding tool is characterized by comprising a supporting base plate (1), a U-shaped bearing block (2), a supporting rod (4), a rectangular frame I (5), a motor I (6), a rectangular frame II (7), an empty groove (8), a sliding lug I (9), a screw rod I (10), a hydraulic cylinder I (11), a sliding lug II (13), a vertical rod (14), a sliding rail (15), a rectangular frame III (16), a sliding lug III (17), a motor II (18), a helical gear I (19), a screw rod II (20), a helical gear II (21), a hydraulic cylinder II (22), a pin shaft I (23), an argon arc welding gun (24), a clamping plate (25), a swinging rod (26) and a pin shaft II (27); two U-shaped bearing blocks (2) which are arranged in parallel are arranged below the supporting base plate (1), the upper surface of the supporting base plate (1) is fixedly connected with two sliding rails (15) which are arranged in parallel, the upper surface of the supporting base plate (1) is fixedly connected with a rectangular frame I (5) through four supporting rods (4) which are arranged in a rectangular shape, two empty grooves (8) which are arranged in parallel are arranged inside the lower surface of the rectangular frame I (5), sliding lugs I (9) are connected inside the empty grooves (8) in a sliding manner, a screw rod I (10) is connected on the inner side wall of one empty groove (8) in a rotating manner, threaded holes I which are matched with the screw rod I (10) are arranged inside the sliding lugs I (9), a rectangular frame III (16) is arranged between the two sliding lugs I (9), a screw rod II (20) is connected on one side wall inside the rectangular frame III (16) in a rotating manner, and two sliding lugs III (17, the inner part of the sliding lug III (17) is provided with a threaded hole II matched with the screw rod II (20), the directions of the two threaded holes II are opposite, the central position of the outer side wall of the rectangular frame III (16) is provided with a motor II (18), the output end of the motor II (18) penetrates through the rectangular frame III (16) and is connected with a helical gear I (19), the screw rod II (20) is provided with a helical gear II (21) meshed with the helical gear I (19), the lower surface of the sliding lug III (17) is fixedly connected with the rectangular frame II (7), the inner top surface of the rectangular frame II (7) is provided with a hydraulic cylinder I (11), the output end of the hydraulic cylinder I (11) is connected with a sliding lug II (13), the sliding lug II (13) is in sliding connection with the inner side surface of the rectangular frame II (7), the adjacent side surfaces of the two sliding lugs II (13) are respectively and fixedly connected with a vertical rod (14), the, pneumatic cylinder II (22) are installed respectively to the side that two montants (14) are adjacent, and argon arc welding welder (24) are installed to the other end inside wall of swinging arms (26), and swinging arms (26) are gone up two parallel arrangement's of still fixedly connected with splint (25), and the output of pneumatic cylinder II (22) is connected with two splint (25) rotation through round pin axle I (23).

2. The welding tool for the aluminum alloy vehicle body of the railway vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the front end face and the rear end face of the U-shaped bearing block (2) are respectively connected with the supporting base plate (1) through a damping device (3), the damping device (3) is composed of a spring (301), a sliding block (303), a pin shaft III (304), a crossed lifting rod (305) and a sliding rod (306), the front end face and the rear end face of the supporting base plate (1) are respectively provided with two parallel grooves (302), the grooves (302) are internally connected with the two parallel sliding blocks (303) in a sliding manner, the sliding rod (306) is installed inside the grooves (302), two ends of the sliding rod (306) penetrate through the sliding block (303), two inner side faces of the grooves (302) are respectively connected with the adjacent sliding blocks (303) through the spring (301), and the spring (301) surrounds the outer surface of the sliding rod (306), the U-shaped bearing block (2) is connected with the two sliding blocks (303) through cross lifting rods (305), and the cross lifting rods (305) are respectively connected with the U-shaped bearing block (2) and the sliding blocks (303) in a sliding mode through pin shafts III (304).

3. The rail vehicle aluminum alloy car body welding tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein a hydraulic system box I (12) is installed on one side wall of the rectangular frame II (7), a hydraulic cylinder I (11) is controlled through the hydraulic system box I (12), a hydraulic system box II (28) is installed on one side wall of the vertical rod (14), a hydraulic cylinder II (22) is controlled through the hydraulic system box II (28), a control panel is installed on one side wall of the supporting base plate (1), and the control panel is electrically connected with the motor I (6), the motor II (18), the hydraulic cylinder I (11) and the hydraulic cylinder II (22) through a plurality of wires.

4. The welding method of the welding tool for the aluminum alloy vehicle body of the railway vehicle as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following specific steps:

firstly, hanging a rail vehicle aluminum alloy vehicle body on two parallel slide rails (15) through a crane, and moving the rail vehicle to a central position by means of the slide rails (15);

and step three, an operator holds the welding wire by hand, connects the argon arc welding gun (24) with an output pipe with an argon storage tank, aligns the welding wire with the position to be welded, and moves the position to be welded on the outer side surface of the aluminum alloy vehicle body by the argon arc welding gun (24) through the motor I (6), the motor II (18), the hydraulic cylinder I (11) and the hydraulic cylinder II (22) on the controller tooling equipment.

5. The welding method of the welding tool for the aluminum alloy vehicle body of the railway vehicle as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the second step, the thickness of the transition layer is 50-200 μm, the standing time is 3-8 hours, and the material of the transition layer is composed of chromium and nickel.

6. The welding method of the welding tool for the aluminum alloy vehicle body of the railway vehicle as claimed in claim 4, wherein the welding current in the third step is 80-110A, the arc voltage is 10-16V, and the flow of the shielding gas is 7-12L/min.