CN110896111B - Solar light-gathering plate based on quantum dot-phosphorescent organic molecule hybrid material - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/20—Optical components
- H02S40/22—Light-reflecting or light-concentrating means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
- H01L31/0547—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the reflecting type, e.g. parabolic mirrors, concentrators using total internal reflection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
- H01L31/055—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means where light is absorbed and re-emitted at a different wavelength by the optical element directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. by using luminescent material, fluorescent concentrators or up-conversion arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-efficiency solar light-gathering plate based on a quantum dot-phosphorescent organic molecule hybrid material. The solar energy light-gathering plate mainly takes quantum dots as a light absorption material, phosphorescent organic molecules as a light emission material and polymers as an optical waveguide medium. The quantum dots are used for high-efficiency light absorption with large extinction coefficients, energy is transferred to phosphorescent organic molecules, self-absorption loss is effectively reduced through large spectral Stokes shift of the quantum dots, and finally photoelectric conversion is achieved from the polymer optical waveguide to the solar cell on the side face. The phosphorescent organic molecules have high efficiency of phosphorescence emission. As a preferable scheme, the polymer is polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), the quantum dots are cadmium telluride (CdTe), and the optimized spectrum matching can be realized with phosphorescent organic molecules Pt-tetraphenyl tetraporphyrin (Pt (tpbp)), and finally the external quantum efficiency of up to 9% is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-efficiency solar light-gathering plate based on a quantum dot-phosphorescent organic molecule hybrid material.
Background
Solar energy collector panels (LSCs) are fluorescent devices that absorb sunlight and concentrate fluorescence by total reflection, which is then coupled to photovoltaic cells to ultimately generate electricity. Compared to traditional solar modules, LSCs have lower photovoltaic costs, and the potential to realize (semi-) transparent smart windows. If its light collection efficiency is high enough, one LSC plus a small number of solar cells at the edge is functionally equivalent to one whole large area solar cell. Since the main body of the LSC is made of cheap organic glass material plus a small amount of luminescent material, this technology will have the potential to significantly reduce the cost of photovoltaic energy production, bringing revolutionary changes to the field of photovoltaic energy production.
Despite the potential advantages, none of the presently reported LSC studies have been commercialized, one of the most significant reasons being that LSC efficiency is not high enough. Optical efficiency (external quantum efficiency, η) of LSCs,ext) Refers to the quantum efficiency of the LSC in concentrating solar photons incident on the panel to the edge of the panel, which is mainly the absorption efficiency (η) of the luminescent material to sunlights,abs) And fluorescence quantum efficiency (phi) of the light-emitting materialPL) And fluorescence photon waveguide transmission efficiency (phi)wg) And (6) determining. Conventional light emitting materials, such as organic dye molecules, cannot substantially satisfy the above three elements simultaneously. Molecules with high fluorescence efficiency are typically absorbed in the ultraviolet and visible regions and cannot efficiently absorb the near infrared and infrared photons (η) of sunlights,absLower); and near infrared dye molecules (. eta.)s,absHigher) hardly fluoresces (. PHI.)PLLower). In addition, most organic dye molecules have small extinction coefficients and large overlap between absorption and emission spectra (stokes shift is not large enough), resulting in loss of emitted fluorescence photons due to reabsorption during waveguiding (Φ)wgLower). We note that colloidal quantum dots have higher extinction coefficients, wider tunable absorption and emission spectra, and excellent photo-stability and solution processing advantages, and are now widely used in LSC research. Inevitably, the quantum dot fluorescent material still has certain self-absorption and lower quantum efficiency, so that LSCs of the quantum dot fluorescent material have efficiency improvement bottlenecks. According to the invention, the near-infrared quantum dots are utilized to efficiently absorb solar photons, and the energy is efficiently transferred to nearby phosphorescent organic molecules through a Dexter energy transfer mechanism, so that the self-absorption loss of the quantum dots is effectively overcome; finally, the high efficiency phosphorescent emission is collected by solar cells at the edge of the LSC and converted into electricity.
Cadmium telluride (CdTe) near infrared quantum dots are designed and synthesized, heterojunction nano particles are constructed by phosphorescent organic molecules Pt-tetraphenyltroberphorphyrin (Pt (tpbp)) matched with energy levels, and the LSC based on the system can realize internal quantum efficiency of 36% and external quantum efficiency of 9%. The invention provides a foundation for developing high-performance LSC based on quantum dots in the future and lays a precondition for realizing commercialization finally.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-efficiency solar light-gathering plate based on a quantum dot-phosphorescent organic molecule hybrid material, so as to solve the technical problem that the efficiency of the solar light-gathering plate is low.
The solar energy condensing plate is composed of a waveguide layer formed by mixing quantum dots, phosphorescent organic molecules and polymers.
The composition of the quantum dots can be as follows: a compound of zinc, cadmium or mercury of the second subgroup of the periodic table with the sulfur, selenium or tellurium of the sixth main group; indium phosphide, lead selenide, lead telluride; and trihalo perovskite quantum dots (with ABX)3Structure (I) wherein A ═ Cs, CH3NH3Or CH (NH)2)2(ii) a B ═ Pb or Sn; one or more of X ═ Cl, Br, and I); or copper or manganese element doped quantum dots (the doping amount is 1-20 percent, and the element mole ratio).
The phosphorescent organic molecules are Platinum octaethyl-propylhrin (Pt (oep)), Pt-tetraphenyl-tetraphenylporphyrin (Pt (tpbp)), Bis [2- (2-pyridyl-N) phenyl-C](acetylacetonato)iridium(III)(Ir(ppy)2(acac)) and derivatives thereof.
The polymer is polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).
The high-efficiency solar energy condensing plate is prepared by adopting a method known in the field. Preferred quantum dots are cadmium telluride (CdTe) quantum dots; preferred phosphorescent organic molecules are pt (tpbp); the preferable preparation method is a scraper casting method, the scheme is simple to prepare, and the preparation of the solar light-gathering plate with low processing cost is expected to be realized in the future.
In order to verify whether the solar light collecting plate really realizes high-efficiency optical efficiency, the invention adopts the verification technical scheme that:
the basic light absorption, emission characteristics and fluorescence quantum efficiency of the cadmium telluride quantum dots and Pt (tpbp) were determined using steady state absorption and fluorescence spectra.
Based on the above spectral data, a model was established to calculate the optical efficiency of LSCs prepared based on this invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a solar energy concentrating panel.
FIG. 2, (a) UV-visible absorption and fluorescence spectra of CdTe quantum dots; (b) UV-visible absorption and fluorescence spectra of Pt (tpbp) molecules.
FIG. 3, (a) absorbance of CdTe quantum dots at different concentrations; (b) the absorption efficiency of CdTe quantum dots with different concentrations to sunlight.
FIG. 4, (a) internal quantum efficiencies of different sized solar concentrating panels at different solar absorption efficiencies; (b) the external quantum efficiency of solar energy condensing plates with different sizes under different sunlight absorption efficiency.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by means of examples and figures.
Examples
The preparation method of the high-efficiency solar energy concentrating plate based on the quantum dot-phosphorescent organic molecule hybrid material comprises the following steps:
0.1 mu mol of chloroform solution of CdTe quantum dots (10mL) and 2mg of Pt (tpbp) molecules are mixed and placed in an ultrasonic machine for 10 minutes of ultrasonic treatment, and 5mL of deionized water is rapidly injected into the mixture under the condition of rapid stirring to obtain CdTe-Pt (tpbp) nanoparticles. Next, the nanoparticles and 0.6g of polyvinylpyrrolidone are mixed and stirred for 10 hours, and finally the mixture is uniformly coated on a glass substrate by a doctor blade casting method, and the glass substrate is kept still until the solvent is completely volatilized, so that a solar energy light-gathering plate is formed, as shown in fig. 1.
Whether the prepared solar energy condensing plate can realize high-efficiency optical efficiency or not is verified by combining an optical detection means with theoretical calculation, and verification and detection are mainly carried out from the following two aspects:
(1) absorption, fluorescence spectra of CdTe quantum dots and Pt (tpbp) molecules.
Testing the absorption and fluorescence characteristics of CdTe quantum dots and Pt (tpbp) molecules by using a steady-state absorption and fluorescence spectrum detection method (the sample concentration is 0.01mmol/L and the sample concentration is a chloroform solution), wherein the ultraviolet-visible steady-state absorption spectrum is obtained by adopting an Agilent carry 5000 instrument; the excitation wavelength of the fluorescence spectrum was 400nm and was obtained using an Agilent Cary Eclipse fluorescence spectrophotometer, as shown in FIG. 2.
(2) The optical efficiency of the collector plate based on the CdTe-Pt (tpbp) system was calculated.
Firstly, the absorption efficiency (eta) of the CdTe quantum dots to sunlight is calculated by configuring CdTe quantum dots with different concentrations (the concentration interval is 0.01 Optical Density (OD)) (figure 3a)s,absFig. 3b, assay methods see Nature Photonics,2018,12, 105.); the Dexter energy transfer efficiency of CdTe quantum dots to pt (tpbp) molecules is 100%, then the internal quantum efficiency (η) of the solar concentrating panel can be calculated based on the absorption and fluorescence spectra of fig. 2s,intThe assay methods are described in Nature Photonics,2018,12,105.) and external quantum efficiency (. eta.)s,extThe assay method is described in Nature Photonics,2018,12, 105.). As shown in fig. 4, the calculation results show that the solar concentrating panel can maintain an extremely high internal quantum efficiency (η) even at a large size (L: 100 × 100 square centimeters)s,int)>35%); meanwhile, its external quantum efficiency is hardly affected by the device size. The results fully demonstrate that the CdTe-Pt (tpbp) system can effectively reduce the self-absorption loss of the prepared light-gathering plate, thereby realizing higher optical efficiency.
The solar energy light-gathering plate mainly takes quantum dots as a light absorption material, phosphorescent organic molecules as a light emission material and polymers as an optical waveguide medium. The quantum dots are used for high-efficiency light absorption with large extinction coefficients, energy is transferred to phosphorescent organic molecules, self-absorption loss is effectively reduced through large spectral Stokes shift of the quantum dots, and finally photoelectric conversion is achieved from the polymer optical waveguide to the solar cell on the side face. The phosphorescent organic molecules have high efficiency of phosphorescence emission. As a preferable scheme, the polymer is polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), the quantum dots are cadmium telluride (CdTe), and the optimized spectrum matching can be realized with phosphorescent organic molecules Pt-tetraphenyl tetraporphyrin (Pt (tpbp)), and finally the external quantum efficiency of up to 9% is obtained.
In conclusion, the efficient solar energy light-gathering plate based on the quantum dot-phosphorescent organic molecule hybrid material can effectively reduce the self-absorption loss of fluorescence photons in the waveguide process, and finally achieves higher optical efficiency. The invention has great guiding value and significance for the research and development of high-performance solar energy condensing panels based on quantum dots in the future.
Claims (3)
1. A solar energy condensing plate based on quantum dot-phosphorescent organic molecule hybrid material comprises a waveguide layer, and is characterized in that: the solar energy condensing plate waveguide layer is formed by mixing quantum dots, phosphorescent organic molecules and polymers, wherein the quantum dots are used as a light absorber and are composed of semiconductor particles with the size of 1-20 nanometers, and the molar ratio in the waveguide layer is controlled to be 1-10%; the phosphorescent organic molecules are used as light emitters, have high-efficiency phosphorescent emission efficiency, and the molar ratio of the phosphorescent organic molecules in the waveguide layer is controlled to be 3-30%; the polymer is an optical waveguide medium, has the molecular weight of 10000-1000000, and the molar ratio in the waveguide layer is controlled to be 60-96 percent; the phosphorescent organic molecules are Platinum octaethyl-propylhrin (Pt (oep)), Pt-tetraphenyl-tetraphenylporphyrin (Pt (tpbp)), Bis [2- (2-pyridyl-N) phenyl-C](acetylacetonato)iridium(III) (Ir(ppy)2(acac)) and one or more of their derivatives; the quantum dots are composed of one or more than two of indium phosphide, lead selenide and lead telluride or one or more than two of the following three substances:
the first type: one or more compounds composed of a second subgroup element and a sixth main group element in the periodic table of elements; the second sub-group element is one or more than two of zinc, cadmium or mercury, and the sixth main group element is one or more than two of sulfur, selenium or tellurium;
or a second type: trihaloperovskite quantum dots having ABX3Structure (la), wherein a = Cs, CH3NH3Or CH (NH)2)2(ii) a B = Pb or Sn; x = Cl, Br or I;
or a third type: the doping amount of the first and/or second quantum dots doped with copper and/or manganese elements is 1-20% of the element molar ratio.
2. The solar concentrating panel of claim 1, wherein: the polymer is one or more than two of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).
3. The solar concentrating panel of claim 2, wherein: the polymer is polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP).
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| CN103875081A (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2014-06-18 | 密歇根大学董事会 | Focusing luminescent and thermal radiation concentrators |
| CN106133921A (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2016-11-16 | 密歇根州立大学董事会 | Transparent energy collecting device |
| CN106330084A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-01-11 | 南方科技大学 | Planar fluorescent condenser with scattering particles and fluorescent quantum dots and method for preparing planar fluorescent condenser |
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| EP2208396A4 (en) * | 2007-10-16 | 2010-10-20 | Hcf Partners L P | Organic light-emitting diodes with electrophosphorescent-coated emissive quantum dots |
| GB201412517D0 (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2014-08-27 | Cambridge Entpr Ltd | Composite light harvesting material and device |
| US20170323991A1 (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2017-11-09 | Los Alamos National Security, Llc | Composition and method comprising overcoated quantum dots |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103875081A (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2014-06-18 | 密歇根大学董事会 | Focusing luminescent and thermal radiation concentrators |
| CN106133921A (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2016-11-16 | 密歇根州立大学董事会 | Transparent energy collecting device |
| CN106330084A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-01-11 | 南方科技大学 | Planar fluorescent condenser with scattering particles and fluorescent quantum dots and method for preparing planar fluorescent condenser |
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| Title |
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| Mn2+-Doped Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals with Dual-ColorEmission Controlled by Halide Content;Wenyong Liu, Qianglu Lin, Hongbo Li, Kaifeng Wu 等;《JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY》;20161019;第14951-14961 * |
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