CN110895016A - Fuzzy self-adaptive based energy-saving group control method for central air-conditioning system - Google Patents
Fuzzy self-adaptive based energy-saving group control method for central air-conditioning system Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
- F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
- F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
- F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
- F24F11/85—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using variable-flow pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/88—Electrical aspects, e.g. circuits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2140/00—Control inputs relating to system states
- F24F2140/20—Heat-exchange fluid temperature
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
Abstract
The invention relates to a central air-conditioning system energy-saving group control method based on fuzzy self-adaptation, which comprises chilled water system control, cooling water system control and air treatment system control; the chilled water system control comprises a water chilling unit plus-minus machine control and a chilled water pump variable frequency control; the cooling water system control comprises cooling water pump frequency conversion control and cooling tower fan frequency conversion control; the air treatment system control comprises control of air supply amount and control of fresh air ratio; the room temperature control of the central air-conditioning system adopts a self-adaptive fuzzy-PID controller, the control steady-state error is small, and the robustness is strong.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of air conditioner control, in particular to a central air conditioning system energy-saving group control method based on fuzzy self-adaptation.
Background
With the continuous development of urbanization in China, the number of large public buildings is increased day by day, and the high energy of the buildings is obtained
The problem of wear is also increasingly prominent. According to statistics of relevant data, the total area of the existing large public buildings in China is about 5 hundred million m2, which is less than 7% of the total area of the cities and towns, but the annual total power consumption is nearly 1000 hundred million kWh, which accounts for 22% of the urban total power consumption, and the annual power consumption per unit area is up to 100}300kWh/(m2), which is 10-20 times that of ordinary residential houses. The large-scale comprehensive market is used as an important component of a large-scale public building, has the characteristics of large building area, large window-wall ratio, high personnel density, long operation time, high density of various lighting appliances, high energy consumption of a central air conditioner and the like, has energy-saving potential which is far higher than that of other large-scale public buildings in unit area, and has important significance for building an energy-saving and environment-friendly society.
The existing central air-conditioning control usually predicts the load of a single central air-conditioning, and adjusts the optimal chilled water supply water temperature and chilled water supply return water pressure difference value at the next moment according to the predicted result. The control mode mostly adopts an independent control mode, so that the efficiency is influenced while the reliability and the stability are ensured. And the control of the central air conditioner can only ensure the optimal local time load, but the energy-saving effect in the whole time period is difficult to ensure.
Disclosure of Invention
1. The technical problem to be solved is as follows:
in view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a fuzzy self-adaptive energy-saving group control method for a central air-conditioning system, which realizes energy-saving control of air-conditioning by controlling a chilled water system, a cooling water system and an air treatment system.
2. The technical scheme is as follows:
a central air-conditioning system energy-saving group control method based on fuzzy self-adaptation comprises chilled water system control, cooling water system control and air treatment system control; the chilled water system control comprises a water chilling unit plus-minus machine control and a chilled water pump variable frequency control; the cooling water system control comprises cooling water pump frequency conversion control and cooling tower fan frequency conversion control; the air treatment system control comprises control of air supply amount and control of fresh air ratio; the method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: controlling a water chilling unit by adding and subtracting: determining the number of required cold water units and automatically controlling the load increase and the load decrease of the cold water units by calculating the total cold capacity of the air conditioning system; the method specifically comprises the following steps: when the system load is in a preset load value of a first step range, starting a water chilling unit; loading one water chilling unit when the load value reaches a preset second gradient range along with the increase of the load, and changing the operation into the combined operation of two water chilling units; loading the other unit until all the water chilling units are loaded; the water chilling unit is a water chilling unit with the same rated refrigerating capacity; when a plurality of water chilling units run in a combined mode, the water chilling units are connected in parallel, and loads are distributed evenly; the unloading process is opposite to the loading process; and corresponding adding and subtracting delay time is met when the adding and subtracting operations of the water chilling unit are executed.
S2, frequency conversion control of the chilled water pump: the freezing water pumps run in parallel and synchronously carry out frequency conversion and speed regulation; the rotating speed of the freezing water pump is adjusted by adopting a freezing water supply and return water temperature difference control method; the method specifically comprises the following steps: the temperature difference between the supply water and the return water of the chilled water of the header pipe of the water collector and the branch pipe is detected by a temperature sensor, the difference value is sent to a self-adaptive fuzzy-PID controller for fuzzy reasoning and fuzzy operation, the frequency of a chilled water pump is output, and the rotating speed of the water pump is adjusted, so that the adjustment of the chilled water flow is realized; the self-adaptive fuzzy-PID controller enables the flow of the chilled water to be matched with the load of the air conditioner by detecting and adjusting the operation parameters in real time, and the energy consumption of the water pump is greatly reduced.
S3, frequency conversion control of the cooling water pump: the water outlet temperature of the cooling water main pipe is detected through a temperature sensor, and then the motor frequency of the cooling water pump is adjusted by the self-adaptive fuzzy-PID controller according to the temperature, so that the water outlet temperature of the cooling water main pipe is restored to a set value again, and the variable flow operation of the cooling water circulation system is realized; in order to ensure the safe operation of the system, the lower limit value of the operation frequency of the frequency converter of the cooling water pump is set to be 30 Hz; and under the condition of optimal system global energy consumption, the outlet water temperature of the cooling water main pipe is maintained between 330 ℃ and 35 ℃.
S4, cooling tower fan frequency conversion control, wherein the cooling towers run in parallel, the fans of the cooling towers uniformly convert frequency until the outdoor temperature is reduced to stop running of all the fans, a wet bulb temperature difference control strategy is implemented on the cooling tower fans in a typical cooling season in summer, specifically, a temperature sensor is used for detecting the water outlet temperature and the outdoor wet bulb temperature of the cooling tower to obtain a cold amplitude △ t = tc, o-twb, the deviation between the actual measurement value and the set value of the cold amplitude and the change rate of the deviation are calculated in a specified sampling period, the parameters are input to an adaptive fuzzy-PID controller for operation, the fan frequency is adjusted in real time, the rotating speed of the fans is changed, and the actual measurement cold amplitude approaches to the set value of 3 ℃.
S5, control of air supply amount: the air supply quantity of the central air-conditioning system is adjusted by adopting a total air quantity control method, which specifically comprises the following steps: the air supply quantity is adjusted by adopting feedforward control, a functional relation between the total air quantity of the system and the rotating speed of the fan is established, and then the rotating speed of the air feeder is directly obtained according to the real-time air quantity of the system.
S6, fresh air volume control: controlling fresh air volume by adopting a minimum fresh air valve setting method, and respectively setting respective minimum fresh air valve positions when the variable air volume air-conditioning system reaches the maximum total air supply volume and the minimum total air supply volume; when the system operates between the maximum air supply quantity and the minimum air supply quantity, the opening degree of the fresh air valve can be proportionally changed according to the change of the air supply quantity; in the transition season, the opening degree of the fresh air valve can be increased, the fresh air ratio is increased, and the purpose of energy-saving operation is achieved by using the cold energy of the fresh air.
Further, the method also comprises a control method of the maximum water supply temperature of the chilled water, which comprises the following specific steps: finding a certain chilled water supply temperature te by adopting a trial algorithm, so that the dehumidification amount of the surface cooler is equal to the indoor humidity load at the temperature, and at the moment, if the dry bulb temperature of the air at the outlet of the surface cooler is less than the dew point temperature of the limit machine, the te is the maximum chilled water supply temperature; and if the dry bulb temperature of the air at the outlet of the surface cooler is higher than the limit machine dew point temperature, the inlet water temperature tw. of the chilled water corresponding to the limit dew point temperature is the maximum supply water temperature of the chilled water.
3. Has the advantages that:
the room temperature control of the central air-conditioning system adopts a self-adaptive fuzzy-PID controller, the control steady-state error is small, and the robustness is strong. Simulation calculation shows that compared with a conventional operation mode, the total energy saving rate of the system in the cold supply season reaches about 10 percent by adopting the method to control the air conditioning system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a control block diagram of the method.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, an energy-saving group control method for central air-conditioning system based on fuzzy self-adaptation includes chilled water system control, cooling water system control and air treatment system control; the chilled water system control comprises a water chilling unit plus-minus machine control and a chilled water pump variable frequency control; the cooling water system control comprises cooling water pump frequency conversion control and cooling tower fan frequency conversion control; the air treatment system control comprises control of air supply amount and control of fresh air ratio; the method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: controlling a water chilling unit by adding and subtracting: determining the number of required cold water units and automatically controlling the load increase and the load decrease of the cold water units by calculating the total cold capacity of the air conditioning system; the method specifically comprises the following steps: when the system load is in a preset load value of a first step range, starting a water chilling unit; loading one water chilling unit when the load value reaches a preset second gradient range along with the increase of the load, and changing the operation into the combined operation of two water chilling units; loading the other unit until all the water chilling units are loaded; the water chilling unit is a water chilling unit with the same rated refrigerating capacity; when a plurality of water chilling units run in a combined mode, the water chilling units are connected in parallel, and loads are distributed evenly; the unloading process is opposite to the loading process; and corresponding adding and subtracting delay time is met when the adding and subtracting operations of the water chilling unit are executed.
S2, frequency conversion control of the chilled water pump: the freezing water pumps run in parallel and synchronously carry out frequency conversion and speed regulation; the rotating speed of the freezing water pump is adjusted by adopting a freezing water supply and return water temperature difference control method; the method specifically comprises the following steps: the temperature difference between the supply water and the return water of the chilled water of the header pipe of the water collector and the branch pipe is detected by a temperature sensor, the difference value is sent to a self-adaptive fuzzy-PID controller for fuzzy reasoning and fuzzy operation, the frequency of a chilled water pump is output, and the rotating speed of the water pump is adjusted, so that the adjustment of the chilled water flow is realized; the self-adaptive fuzzy-PID controller enables the flow of the chilled water to be matched with the load of the air conditioner by detecting and adjusting the operation parameters in real time, and the energy consumption of the water pump is greatly reduced.
S3, frequency conversion control of the cooling water pump: the water outlet temperature of the cooling water main pipe is detected through a temperature sensor, and then the motor frequency of the cooling water pump is adjusted by the self-adaptive fuzzy-PID controller according to the temperature, so that the water outlet temperature of the cooling water main pipe is restored to a set value again, and the variable flow operation of the cooling water circulation system is realized; in order to ensure the safe operation of the system, the lower limit value of the operation frequency of the frequency converter of the cooling water pump is set to be 30 Hz; and under the condition of optimal system global energy consumption, the outlet water temperature of the cooling water main pipe is maintained between 330 ℃ and 35 ℃.
S4, cooling tower fan frequency conversion control, wherein the cooling towers run in parallel, the fans of the cooling towers uniformly convert frequency until the outdoor temperature is reduced to stop running of all the fans, a wet bulb temperature difference control strategy is implemented on the cooling tower fans in a typical cooling season in summer, specifically, a temperature sensor is used for detecting the water outlet temperature and the outdoor wet bulb temperature of the cooling tower to obtain a cold amplitude △ t = tc, o-twb, the deviation between the actual measurement value and the set value of the cold amplitude and the change rate of the deviation are calculated in a specified sampling period, the parameters are input to an adaptive fuzzy-PID controller for operation, the fan frequency is adjusted in real time, the rotating speed of the fans is changed, and the actual measurement cold amplitude approaches to the set value of 3 ℃.
S5, control of air supply amount: the air supply quantity of the central air-conditioning system is adjusted by adopting a total air quantity control method, which specifically comprises the following steps: the air supply quantity is adjusted by adopting feedforward control, a functional relation between the total air quantity of the system and the rotating speed of the fan is established, and then the rotating speed of the air feeder is directly obtained according to the real-time air quantity of the system.
S6, fresh air volume control: controlling fresh air volume by adopting a minimum fresh air valve setting method, and respectively setting respective minimum fresh air valve positions when the variable air volume air-conditioning system reaches the maximum total air supply volume and the minimum total air supply volume; when the system operates between the maximum air supply quantity and the minimum air supply quantity, the opening degree of the fresh air valve can be proportionally changed according to the change of the air supply quantity; in the transition season, the opening degree of the fresh air valve can be increased, the fresh air ratio is increased, and the purpose of energy-saving operation is achieved by using the cold energy of the fresh air.
Further, the method also comprises a control method of the maximum water supply temperature of the chilled water, which comprises the following specific steps: finding a certain chilled water supply temperature te by adopting a trial algorithm, so that the dehumidification amount of the surface cooler is equal to the indoor humidity load at the temperature, and at the moment, if the dry bulb temperature of the air at the outlet of the surface cooler is less than the dew point temperature of the limit machine, the te is the maximum chilled water supply temperature; and if the dry bulb temperature of the air at the outlet of the surface cooler is higher than the limit machine dew point temperature, the inlet water temperature tw. of the chilled water corresponding to the limit dew point temperature is the maximum supply water temperature of the chilled water.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. A central air-conditioning system energy-saving group control method based on fuzzy self-adaptation comprises chilled water system control, cooling water system control and air treatment system control; the chilled water system control comprises a water chilling unit plus-minus machine control and a chilled water pump variable frequency control; the cooling water system control comprises cooling water pump frequency conversion control and cooling tower fan frequency conversion control; the air treatment system control comprises control of air supply amount and control of fresh air ratio; the method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: controlling a water chilling unit by adding and subtracting: determining the number of required cold water units and automatically controlling the load increase and the load decrease of the cold water units by calculating the total cold capacity of the air conditioning system; the method specifically comprises the following steps: when the system load is in a preset load value of a first step range, starting a water chilling unit; loading one water chilling unit when the load value reaches a preset second gradient range along with the increase of the load, and changing the operation into the combined operation of two water chilling units; loading the other unit until all the water chilling units are loaded; the water chilling unit is a water chilling unit with the same rated refrigerating capacity; when a plurality of water chilling units run in a combined mode, the water chilling units are connected in parallel, and loads are distributed evenly; the unloading process is opposite to the loading process; corresponding adding and subtracting delay time is met when the adding and subtracting operation of the water chilling unit is executed;
s2, frequency conversion control of the chilled water pump: the freezing water pumps run in parallel and synchronously carry out frequency conversion and speed regulation; the rotating speed of the freezing water pump is adjusted by adopting a freezing water supply and return water temperature difference control method; the method specifically comprises the following steps: the temperature difference between the supply water and the return water of the chilled water of the header pipe of the water collector and the branch pipe is detected by a temperature sensor, the difference value is sent to a self-adaptive fuzzy-PID controller for fuzzy reasoning and fuzzy operation, the frequency of a chilled water pump is output, and the rotating speed of the water pump is adjusted, so that the adjustment of the chilled water flow is realized; the self-adaptive fuzzy-PID controller enables the flow of the chilled water to be matched with the load of the air conditioner by detecting and adjusting the operation parameters in real time, so that the energy consumption of the water pump is greatly reduced;
s3, frequency conversion control of the cooling water pump: the water outlet temperature of the cooling water main pipe is detected through a temperature sensor, and then the motor frequency of the cooling water pump is adjusted by the self-adaptive fuzzy-PID controller according to the temperature, so that the water outlet temperature of the cooling water main pipe is restored to a set value again, and the variable flow operation of the cooling water circulation system is realized; in order to ensure the safe operation of the system, the lower limit value of the operation frequency of the frequency converter of the cooling water pump is set to be 30 Hz; under the working condition of optimal overall energy consumption of the system, the outlet water temperature of the cooling water main pipe is maintained between 330 ℃ and 35 ℃;
s4, performing frequency conversion control on cooling tower fans, wherein the cooling towers run in parallel, the fans of the cooling towers uniformly convert frequency until the outdoor temperature is reduced to stop running of all the fans, and a wet bulb temperature difference control strategy is implemented on the cooling tower fans in a typical cooling season in summer, wherein the wet bulb temperature difference control strategy is specifically that the water outlet temperature and the outdoor wet bulb temperature of the cooling towers are detected through temperature sensors to obtain a cold amplitude △ t = tc, o-twb, the deviation between an actually measured value and a set value of the cold amplitude and the change rate of the deviation are calculated in a specified sampling period, the parameters are input to an adaptive fuzzy-PID controller for operation, the frequency of the fans is adjusted in real time, and the rotating speed of the fans is changed to enable the actually measured cold amplitude to approach to the set value of 3 ℃;
s5, control of air supply amount: the air supply quantity of the central air-conditioning system is adjusted by adopting a total air quantity control method, which specifically comprises the following steps: adjusting the air supply quantity by adopting feedforward control, establishing a functional relation between the total air quantity of the system and the rotating speed of the fan, and then directly calculating the rotating speed of the air feeder according to the real-time air quantity of the system;
s6, fresh air volume control: controlling fresh air volume by adopting a minimum fresh air valve setting method, and respectively setting respective minimum fresh air valve positions when the variable air volume air-conditioning system reaches the maximum total air supply volume and the minimum total air supply volume; when the system is operated at maximum air supply and minimum air supply
When the air supply quantity is in the middle, the opening degree of the fresh air valve can be changed proportionally according to the change of the air supply quantity; in the transition season, the opening degree of the fresh air valve can be increased, the fresh air ratio is increased, and the purpose of energy-saving operation is achieved by using the cold energy of the fresh air.
2. The energy-saving group control method for central air-conditioning system based on fuzzy self-adaption of claim 1, characterized in that: the method also comprises a control method of the maximum water supply temperature of the chilled water, which comprises the following specific steps: finding a certain chilled water supply temperature te by adopting a trial algorithm, so that the dehumidification amount of the surface cooler is equal to the indoor humidity load at the temperature, and at the moment, if the dry bulb temperature of the air at the outlet of the surface cooler is less than the dew point temperature of the limit machine, the te is the maximum chilled water supply temperature; and if the dry bulb temperature of the air at the outlet of the surface cooler is higher than the limit machine dew point temperature, the inlet water temperature tw. of the chilled water corresponding to the limit dew point temperature is the maximum supply water temperature of the chilled water.
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| CN111594990A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-28 | 江苏省同远节能科技有限公司 | Efficient energy-saving control system for central air conditioner |
| CN111623433A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-09-04 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司灌南县供电分公司 | Central air-conditioning cold and hot station operation system and operation method thereof |
| CN112432327A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-02 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Air conditioning system water chilling unit operation control method and device and air conditioning system |
| CN112665121A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-16 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Control method and device for air conditioner chilled water pump, controller and air conditioning system |
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| CN115235051A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-10-25 | 广州市铭汉科技股份有限公司 | Double-control type efficient cooling water control system |
| CN115307377A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-11-08 | 万国数据服务有限公司 | Temperature regulating system control method and device, electronic equipment and readable storage medium |
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| CN115235051A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-10-25 | 广州市铭汉科技股份有限公司 | Double-control type efficient cooling water control system |
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