CN110894817A

CN110894817A - Full-automatic rainwater separation and multistage utilization system for high-rise building

Info

Publication number: CN110894817A
Application number: CN202010003150.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 祝泽兵; 肖蔚粤; 单莉莉; 吴立韬; 张宇; 胡锋平; 孙建怡
Original assignee: East China Jiaotong University
Current assignee: East China Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2020-01-02
Filing date: 2020-01-02
Publication date: 2020-03-20

Abstract

The invention discloses a full-automatic rainwater separation and multistage utilization system for a high-rise building, which comprises a roof, a drain pipe, an impeller flow discarding device, a sewage pipe, a full-flow energy storage device, a hydraulic generator, an electric power storage device and a reservoir. The filter screen just is located directly over the drain pipe with the roofing parallel and level, and the drain pipe is abandoned class device with the impeller and is linked to each other, and the impeller is abandoned class device and is equipped with abandoning the flow tube, abandons class union coupling sewage pipe, and full flow energy storage equipment installs on the drain pipe, guarantees to be full of the rivers impact hydraulic generator of pipe diameter, stores into the electrical storage equipment after the electricity generation, and the rainwater of flowing through hydraulic generator collects in the cistern at last. The invention realizes multiple functions of roof rainwater separation, rainwater energy accumulation, utilization, rainwater storage and the like, and achieves the purposes of obtaining clean rainwater, improving the power generation efficiency and prolonging the service life of the power generation device. The device in the whole system has small volume, high safety factor, simple structure, low cost and higher economic effect, and is suitable for large-scale popularization.

Description

Full-automatic rainwater separation and multistage utilization system for high-rise building

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of rainwater collection and utilization, and particularly relates to a full-automatic rainwater separation and multistage utilization system for a high-rise building.

Background

China is a country with very deficient water resources. According to incomplete statistics, more than 300 cities in more than 600 cities in China have water shortage, 108 cities have serious water shortage, more and more people flow into the cities along with the progress of urbanization, the problem of water shortage only becomes more and more serious, and the water shortage becomes an important factor for restricting the development of the cities in China and improving the living standard of people at present. However, the contradiction is that the urban high-rise building stands up in China, has wide roof, and can accumulate a large amount of rainwater, but most cities directly discharge the rainwater on the roof of the high-rise building to the ground, and if the rainwater can be utilized, the current situation of water shortage of the cities can be greatly relieved, and electric energy can be provided for the cities.

The rainwater on the roof of the high-rise building is abandoned by most cities, and mainly has the defects that the initial rainwater quality is poor, most polluting gases in the air are dissolved in the initial rainwater, the corrosivity is high, and the rainwater contains dust and other particulate matters on the roof. Meanwhile, if the rainwater containing initial rainwater is used for power generation, acidic substances corrode power generation equipment due to the fact that particles in the initial rainwater are adsorbed on blades, power generation efficiency is affected, and the service life of the equipment is shortened.

Chinese patent publication No. 205676967U, entitled rainwater recovery device for high-rise buildings, discloses a device for distributing rainwater by arranging a ball float valve, but the device is easily damaged and fails, and rainwater potential energy is not utilized.

Chinese patent publication No. 1206268008U, whose patent name is a roof rainwater and rain energy comprehensive utilization system, discloses a system that realizes rainwater comprehensive utilization by mechanisms such as a rainwater collection device, a power generation device, a purification device, and a control device, but the system includes too many electronic devices, such as a first liquid level detector, a second liquid level detector, etc., and the operation of these devices requires power consumption, and the price of these devices is not low, and at the same time, because these electronic devices are in contact with water for a long time, they are easily damaged, the later maintenance cost is high, the safety is low, and when the rain is in a small state, the water flow potential energy is not concentrated, and the efficiency of the generator is low.

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the existing rainwater utilization equipment, provides a full-automatic rainwater separation and multistage utilization system for a high-rise building, which is simple in structure and easy to maintain, and is an extended research result based on the projects of national science fund youth fund (No. 51608198) and Jiangxi province science fund (No. 20161BAB 216138).

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the existing rainwater utilization equipment, and provides a fully-automatic rainwater separation and multistage utilization system for a high-rise building, which has the advantages of simple structure, full automation, easy maintenance, rainwater collection and separation, rainwater potential energy accumulation, power generation, water storage and the like.

The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

a full-automatic rainwater separation and multistage utilization system for high-rise buildings comprises a roof, a drain pipe, an impeller flow discarding device, a sewage pipe, a full-flow energy storage device, a hydraulic generator, an electric power storage device and a reservoir, wherein a filter screen is arranged on a roof water falling port, the filter screen is flush with the roof and is positioned right above the drain pipe, the drain pipe is connected with the impeller flow discarding device, a flow discarding pipe is arranged on the impeller flow discarding device, the pipe diameter of the flow discarding pipe is smaller than that of the drain pipe, the flow discarding pipe is connected with the sewage pipe, the full-flow energy storage device is arranged on the drain pipe below the impeller flow discarding device, the hydraulic generator is guaranteed to be impacted by water flow with the pipe diameter, the hydraulic generator generates power through water flow with the pipe diameter and stores the water flow into the electric power storage device arranged beside, rainwater flowing through the hydraulic generator finally collects into the reservoir, and, the impeller abandons a class device includes casing, impeller and bearing portion, bearing portion one side fixed connection is in on the casing, impeller fixed connection is on bearing portion to can be rotatory in the casing, the impeller includes the blade of rim plate and S type, and is a plurality of the blade is the even setting of circumference form on the rim plate face round the axle center of rim plate, and the length of blade is less than the radius of rim plate, has formed a circular space in rim plate axle center department for place abandon the flow pipe, the distance of blade and rim plate axle center is greater than the radius of abandoning the flow pipe, abandon the flow pipe and hug closely the impeller but with the impeller independent mutually noninterfere.

In the full-automatic rainwater separation and multistage utilization system for the high-rise building, the full-flow energy storage device comprises a first fixing ring, an outer sleeve, a second fixing ring, an inverted frustum-shaped funnel, an inner sleeve, a movable baffle, a spring, a support plate and a support rod, wherein the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring are fixedly connected to two ends of the outer sleeve, the upper edge of the inverted frustum-shaped funnel is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the upper edge of the outer sleeve, the movable baffle is arranged at the lower port of the inverted frustum-shaped funnel and can cover the lower port, at least three radial reinforcing ribs are arranged on the inner side of the second fixing ring, the support rod is vertically and fixedly arranged on a reinforcing rib connecting point at the circle center of the second fixing ring, the upper end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the center of the support plate, the center of the upper surface of the, the spring tightly supports the movable baffle plate at the lower port of the inverted circular truncated cone-shaped funnel to cover the lower port, the lower end of the inner sleeve is fixedly connected to the supporting plate, the inner diameter of the inner sleeve is consistent with the diameter of the movable baffle plate, and the distance between the upper end surface of the inner sleeve and the lower port of the circular truncated cone-shaped funnel is smaller than the thickness of the movable baffle plate.

In the full-automatic rainwater separation and multistage utilization system for the high-rise building, the drain pipe is vertically and fixedly connected to the building wall through the horizontal pipe clamp, and the drain pipe close to the roof is provided with a section of S-shaped pipe section.

In the full-automatic rainwater separation and multistage utilization system for the high-rise building, the bearing part comprises an outer ring, rollers and an inner shaft, the radius of the outer ring is half of that of an impeller, the inner shaft is a stepped shaft and comprises a first shaft section and a second shaft section, a roller path is arranged on the side surface of the first shaft section to form a bearing inner ring, one side of the outer ring is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the shell, the other end of the inner shaft is installed at the center of the side surface of the impeller, an annular shielding part extends out of the outer surface of the outer ring close to the side of the impeller towards the axial center direction, the inner diameter of the shielding part is smaller than that of the first shaft section and larger than that of the second shaft section, and the starting force of the bearing part is 34.

In the full-automatic rainwater separation and multistage utilization system for the high-rise building, the waste flow pipe is fixedly arranged on the shell, inclines downwards to form an angle of 15 degrees with the horizontal plane, and comprises an outer pipe section and an inner pipe section, wherein the inner pipe section is in a semi-open type, has an upward opening, is positioned in a circular space at the axis of the impeller, is tightly attached to the impeller, and is independent from the impeller without interference.

In the full-automatic rainwater separation and multistage utilization system for the high-rise building, the power storage device comprises a rectifier, a storage battery and a plurality of electric wires, the storage battery is connected with the hydraulic generator through the electric wires, and the rectifier is connected to the electric wires and positioned between the hydraulic generator and the storage battery.

The full-automatic rainwater separation and multistage utilization system for the high-rise building, provided by the invention, has the following beneficial effects:

1. the multifunctional rainwater collection device has the advantages that multiple functions of roof rainwater separation, rainwater energy accumulation, rainwater energy utilization, rainwater storage and the like are achieved, and the purposes of obtaining clean later-stage rainwater, improving the power generation efficiency and prolonging the service life of the power generation device are achieved. The impeller flow discarding device, the full-flow energy storage device and the power generation and storage device in the whole system are small in size, the water storage tank is located below the ground, the occupied space is small, the safety coefficient is high, the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, the economic, social and environmental effects are high, and the system is suitable for large-scale popularization.

2. The unique impeller abandoning device skillfully utilizes the difference of early and later rainfall intensity and rainfall duration to successfully separate rainwater, reduces the subsequent treatment process, and simultaneously avoids the problems that the initial rainwater passes through the hydraulic turbine generator, the acid rain corrodes the hydraulic turbine blades, and the mixed particulate matter is adsorbed on the hydraulic turbine blades, so that the service life of the hydraulic turbine generator is shortened, and the power generation efficiency of the hydraulic turbine generator is reduced. The blades of the impeller are s-shaped, so that partial kinetic energy of rainwater can be effectively eliminated, the flow speed of the rainwater is reduced, and meanwhile, the impeller is beneficial to stress.

3. The unique full-flow energy storage device ensures that the water flow full of the pipe diameter impacts the hydraulic generator, concentrates the water flow potential energy and improves the generating efficiency of the hydraulic generator.

4. The system divides the rainwater into the initial rainwater and the rear rainwater, avoids adverse effects on rainwater utilization caused by poor quality of the initial rainwater, realizes refined and repeated utilization of the later rainwater, and fully utilizes potential energy and water resources contained in the later rainwater; the clean later stage rainwater of cistern accumulation for aspects such as towards lavatory, carwash, afforestation, road spray alleviate municipal pipe network's pressure, when rainstorm, reduce the area of converging of urban rainwater simultaneously, reduce the emergence of urban waterlogging, this construction demand that also accords with the sponge city.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fully automatic rainwater separation and multi-stage utilization system for a high-rise building according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the front side of the impeller flow-discarding apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the back of the impeller flow-abandoning device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the reject pipe and the impeller in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the impeller of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the reject pipe of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the bearing portion of FIG. 2;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the outer race and inner shaft of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the roller and inner shaft of FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of the full flow energy storage apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of the inner sleeve, the flapper, and the inverted circular truncated cone of FIG. 10;

fig. 12 is a schematic view showing a connection structure of the components in fig. 10.

The reference signs are: the device comprises a roof 1, a water discharge pipe 2, an impeller flow discarding device 3, a sewage pipe 4, a full-flow energy storage device 5, a hydraulic generator 6, an electric power storage device 7, a water storage tank 8, a filter screen 9, a flow discarding pipe 10, an overflow pipe 11, a shell 12, an impeller 13, a bearing portion 14, a wheel disc 15, blades 16, a first fixing ring 17, an outer sleeve 18, a second fixing ring 19, an inverted frustum-shaped funnel 20, an inner sleeve 21, a movable baffle 22, a spring 23, a support plate 24, a support rod 25, a reinforcing rib 26, a horizontal pipe clamp 27, an outer ring 28, rollers 29, an inner shaft 30, a first shaft section 31, a second shaft section 32, a shielding portion 33, an outer pipe section 34, an inner pipe section 35, a.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

The full-automatic rainwater separation and multistage utilization system for the high-rise building, disclosed by the invention, as shown in fig. 1, comprises a roof 1, a water drainage pipe 2, an impeller flow discarding device 3, a sewage pipe 4, a full-flow energy storage device 5, a hydraulic generator 6, an electric storage device 7 and a water reservoir 8. Filter screen 9 and 1 parallel and level of roofing just are located directly over drain pipe 2, drain pipe 2 abandons class device 3 with the impeller and links to each other, the impeller is abandoned to be equipped with on class device 3 and is abandoned flow tube 10, abandon flow tube 10 and connect sewage pipe 4, full current energy storage device 5 installs on drain pipe 2, guarantees to be full of the rivers impact hydraulic generator 6 of pipe diameter, hydraulic generator 6 generates electricity through the rivers that are full of the pipe diameter to store into and set up in the power storage device 7 on the next door, the rainwater of hydraulic generator 6 of flowing through collects at last in the cistern 8.

The drain pipe 2 uses a plastic downpipe with the caliber of 100mm, the drain pipe 2 is vertically and fixedly connected to the building wall through a horizontal pipe clamp 27, the upper port of the drain pipe 2 penetrates through the downpipe opening of the roof 1 and is flush with the roof 1, or the upper port of the drain pipe 2 is arranged in the downpipe opening of the roof 1. A filter screen 9 is arranged on a water falling port of the roof 1, so that large-particle impurities such as stones in rainwater can be filtered, and a good protection effect can be achieved on a subsequent rainwater separation device. The drain pipe 2 close to the side of the roof 1 is provided with a section of S-shaped pipe section for buffering the flow rate of rainwater and achieving better initial and later rainwater separation effects.

The impeller discarding device 3 is arranged at a position 1.2m below the roof 1, so that rainwater flowing to the impeller discarding device 3 obtains a certain speed, and the impact force of the rainwater on the impeller is increased. The impeller flow discarding device 3 is connected to the drain pipe 2, and the rainwater must pass through the impeller flow discarding device 3 and then continue to flow down in the drain pipe 2. The unique impeller discarding device 3 successfully separates rainwater by skillfully utilizing the difference between the early and later rainfall intensity and the rainfall duration, reduces the subsequent treatment process, and simultaneously avoids the problem that the initial rainwater passes through the hydraulic generator 6 and the blades of the hydraulic turbine are corroded by acidic water; in addition, the problems that the service life of the hydraulic generator 6 is shortened and the power generation efficiency of the hydraulic generator 6 is reduced due to the fact that mixed particles are adsorbed on hydraulic turbine blades are avoided. As shown in fig. 2 to 9, the impeller discarding device 3 includes a housing 12, an impeller 13, a discarding pipe 10 and a bearing part 14, wherein the housing 12 and the impeller 13 are made of stainless steel, the discarding pipe 10 uses a plastic downpipe with a diameter of 50mm, and the discarding pipe 10 is smaller than the drainpipe 2 because the rain amount of the initial discarding rain water is small, thereby saving pipes. The casing 12 is mounted on a wall surface through a wall surface clamp (horizontal pipe clamp) or other common fixing pieces, the casing 12 is cylindrical, the bottom surface of the casing 12 is parallel to the wall surface, and the inner diameter of the casing 12 is slightly larger than that of the impeller 13, so that the impeller 13 can rotate in the casing 12. The bearing portion 14 comprises an outer ring 28, rollers 29 and an inner shaft 30, the radius of the outer ring 28 is half of that of the impeller 13, the impeller 13 plays a role in blocking rainwater entering the bearing portion 14, the bearing portion 14 is prevented from rusting and blocking, and a first layer of protection is formed. The length of the inner shaft 30 is greater than the width of the outer race 28, and the inner shaft 30 has a raceway on one end side, so that the section of the inner shaft 30 having the raceway corresponds to the inner race. Preferably, the inner shaft 30 may be further provided with stepsThe shaft comprises a first shaft section 31 and a second shaft section 32, a raceway is arranged on the side face of the first shaft section 31 to form a bearing inner ring, and the diameter of the first shaft section 31 is larger than that of the second shaft section 32. When the outer race 28, rollers 29 and inner shaft 30 are assembled, bearing section 14 is formed, and the inner shaft 30 serves as both the shaft and the inner race. One side of the outer ring 28 is welded on the inner bottom surface of the shell 12, or the outer ring 28 is mounted on the shell 12 by other conventional fixed connection means, and the other end of the inner shaft 30 is welded on the right center position of the side surface of the impeller 13. Preferably, an annular shielding portion 33 extends from the outer surface of the outer ring 28 on the side close to the impeller 13 in the axial direction, and the inner diameter of the shielding portion 33 is smaller than the diameter of the first shaft segment 31 and larger than the diameter of the second shaft segment 32. The shielding part 33 protects the bearing roller 29 and the raceway, can effectively prevent rainwater from entering the bearing, further prevents the bearing roller 29 and the raceway from rusting and blocking, and forms the second protection for the bearing. The bearing part 14 has a certain starting critical force, the initial rainfall thickness is 4 mm, the rainfall time is 10 min, and the catchment area of a single water drainage pipe 2 is 200m²The inner diameter of the drainage pipe 2 is 100mm, the inner diameter of the flow discharge pipe 10 is 50mm, and g is 9.8N/kg as a basic condition; when rainfall slowly increases, because the pipe diameter of the drain pipe 2 is larger than that of the flow abandoning pipe 10, the water discharge of the flow abandoning pipe 10 is far smaller than that of the drain pipe 2, therefore, rainwater is slowly accumulated in the drain pipe 2, and the critical condition for setting the starting bearing is that the rainwater accumulation height at the drain pipe 2 is 1.2 m. And because rainwater flows in the water pipe, the gravity center is the center of the rainwater, the impact force of the rainwater on the impeller 13 per second is half of the gravity of the rainwater, and the rainwater can be considered to be uniformly distributed when falling onto the impeller 13, so the effective arm of the impact force of the rainwater on the impeller 13 is half of the radius of the impeller 13, the arm of the bearing starting force is the radius of the bearing, and the radius of the bearing is half of the radius of the impeller 13, so the arm of the bearing starting force is equal to the arm of the impact force of the rainwater on the impeller 13 according to the formula M = F.d and the critical condition M_{Punching machine}=M_OpenerIt is found that the bearing start force is 34.64N, so that the impeller 13 can be rotated only when the force of the water flow accumulated in the water discharge pipe 2 is larger than the required start force of the bearing, which is 34.64N, and then the rainwater flows to the bearing due to the centrifugal actionThe edge of the impeller 13 finally converges to the outlet of the drain pipe 2 below the impeller 13 and flows downwards along the drain pipe 2. The impeller 13 comprises a wheel disc 15 and a plurality of blades 16, the blades 16 are uniformly arranged on the surface of the wheel disc 15 in a circumferential shape around the axis of the wheel disc 15, and the blades 16 can be welded on the wheel disc 15 or can be arranged on the wheel disc 15 by adopting other common connection modes. The length of the blade 16 is smaller than the radius of the wheel disc 15, the distance between one end of the blade and the outer edge of the wheel disc 15 is more than or equal to 0, and the distance between the other end of the blade and the axle center of the wheel disc 15 is more than the radius of the flow discharge pipe 10. In practice, the distance between the blades 16 and the axial center of the disk 15 must be larger than the radius of the bypass pipe 10 to prevent interference. Because each blade 16 on the disk 15 has a fixed distance from the axis of the disk 15, a circular space is formed at the axis of the disk 15 for placing the flow-abandoning pipe 10.

Preferably, the waste pipe 10 comprises an outer pipe section 34 and an inner pipe section 35, the waste pipe 10 is fixedly mounted on the housing 12, the inner pipe section 35 is located in the housing 12, and the outer pipe section 34 is located outside the housing 12. Preferably, the inner pipe section 35 is a semi-open type, has an upward opening, is located in a circular space at the axis of the impeller 13, is tightly attached to the impeller 13 but is independent from the impeller 13, does not interfere with the impeller 13, and further does not rotate along with the rotation of the impeller 13. This design ensures that the initial rainwater flows into the waste flow pipe 10 smoothly along the blades 16 of the impeller 13, i.e. the semi-open inner pipe section 35 can collect rainwater better. The outer pipe section 34 extending out of the housing 12 is a closed water pipe and is connected to the sewage pipe 4, the whole flow abandoning pipe 10 is slightly inclined downwards to form an angle of 15 degrees with the horizontal plane, and the closed water pipe can enable rainwater entering the flow abandoning pipe 10 to smoothly flow in the flow abandoning pipe 10 under the action of self gravity, so that the initial rainwater can be conveniently introduced into the sewage pipe 4.

Preferably, the blades 16 of the impeller 13 are S-shaped, so that partial kinetic energy of rainwater can be eliminated, the flow velocity of rainwater can be reduced, and meanwhile, stress on the impeller 13 is facilitated. When the blades 16 are linear, rainwater falls on the blades 16 and can be counted as point contact, and the falling directions of the blades 16 and the rainwater are parallel or form an included angle, so that the blades 16 are not stressed or the stress is far smaller than the impact force of the rainwater, the impeller 13 cannot be well started, the abandoned rainwater is too large, and good rainwater separation and drainage cannot be performed. When the S-shaped blade 16 is adopted, the blade 16 is provided with an arc-shaped section, no matter rainwater falls on the arch surface or the concave surface of the arc-shaped section, the falling direction of the rainwater is almost vertical to the blade 16, the contact area of the rainwater and the blade 16 is far larger than that of the linear blade 16, the flow velocity of the rainwater can be reduced, the kinetic energy of the rainwater can be reduced, better stress can be realized, and the impeller 13 can be well started. After the impeller 13 is started, the design of the S-shaped blades 16 enables rainwater to be gathered at the edge of the impeller 13 more easily under the action of centrifugal force, drainage of the rainwater to the drainage pipe 10 can be reduced to the maximum extent, and the gathering efficiency of the rainwater in the drainage pipe 2 is improved.

Preferably, a full-flow energy storage device 5 is arranged in the water discharge pipe 2 at 8m below the roof 1, the full-flow energy storage device 5 is connected to the water discharge pipe 2 in a melting mode, or any other common connection mode can be adopted, and is positioned below the impeller flow discarding device 3, as shown in fig. 10 to 12, the full-flow energy storage device 5 comprises a first fixing ring 17, an outer sleeve 18, a second fixing ring 19, an inverted truncated cone-shaped funnel 20, an inner sleeve 21, a movable baffle 22, a spring 23, a support plate 24 and a support rod 25, and the diameter of the inner sleeve 21 is smaller than that of the outer sleeve 18, and is generally about half of the. The first fixing ring 17 and the second fixing ring 19 are fixedly connected to two ends of the outer sleeve 18, and the first fixing ring 17 and the second fixing ring 19 can enhance structural strength, so that the full-flow energy storage device 5 can work stably, and the high-water column is prevented from causing huge load and damage to the full-flow energy storage device 5. The upper edge of the inverted circular truncated cone 20 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the upper edge of the outer sleeve 18, and the movable baffle 22 is arranged at the lower port of the inverted circular truncated cone 20 and can cover the lower port. The inboard of solid fixed ring two 19 is equipped with three piece at least radial enhancement ribs 26, all strengthen rib 26 one end and all assemble in solid fixed ring two 19 center department to form a tie point, gu fixed ring two 19 and strengthen rib 26's overall structure similar steering wheel. The support rod 25 is vertically and fixedly arranged at the connection point, and it can also be understood that the support rod 25 and the reinforcing rib 26 are in an integrated vertical structure. The upper end of the supporting rod 25 is fixedly connected to the center of the supporting plate 24, the center of the upper surface of the supporting plate 24 is fixedly connected with the spring 23, the upper end of the spring 23 is fixedly connected to the center of the lower end face of the movable baffle plate 22, and the spring 23 can tightly support the movable baffle plate 22 to the lower port of the inverted circular truncated cone-shaped funnel 20 when the spring is not stressed or is slightly stressed, so that the lower port is covered. The lower end of the inner sleeve 21 is fixedly connected to the support plate 24, the support plate 24 is equivalent to the lower bottom of the inner sleeve 21, the support plate 24 can be a filter plate structure (equivalent to uniformly arranging a plurality of filter holes, not shown in the figure) on the support plate 24), the inner sleeve 21 can be of a grid-shaped structure (not shown in the figure), and the filter plate structure of the support plate 24 and the grid-shaped structure of the inner sleeve 21 can be arranged independently or together. The inner sleeve 21 has an inner diameter corresponding to the diameter of the movable baffle 22, and the distance between the upper end surface of the inner sleeve and the lower port of the cone-shaped funnel is smaller than the thickness of the movable baffle 22, and in fact, the distance is generally half of the thickness of the movable baffle 22. The inner sleeve 21 is equivalent to a sliding sleeve, the movable baffle 22 can only move up and down in the inner sleeve 21, the inner sleeve 21 is used for limiting the horizontal displacement of the movable baffle 22 when the spring 23 is stressed and bent, and the movable baffle 22 can be ensured to accurately cover the lower port of the inverted cone-shaped funnel 20 when the spring 23 is reset. In actual operation, when full-flow energy storage device 5 normally works, spring 23 is compression state, and only when the rainwater height in drain pipe 2 is accumulated to be 5 m for adjustable fender 22 according to the design, spring 23 just can continue to compress, and adjustable fender 22 moves down, and the lower port of rainwater outflow radius platform type funnel 20 passes second 19 of solid fixed ring and continues to flow down in drain pipe 2 until assaulting on hydraulic generator 6, enables hydraulic generator 6 full-flow electricity generation like this, has improved the generating efficiency. In practice, the diameter of the flap 22 will generally be slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the inner sleeve 21, so that rain water will fall into the inner sleeve 21 along the edge of the flap 22, and if this rain water is not drained, it will corrode the spring 23 over time, damaging the full flow energy storage device 5, and in order to solve this problem, the support plate 24 is designed as a filter plate structure or the inner sleeve 21 is designed as a grid-like structure, so that the rain water in the inner sleeve 21 can be drained and the spring 23 is protected. The full-flow energy storage device 5 in the scheme adopts a spring 23 baffle structure to plug the funnel opening, only when the height of a water column in the water discharge pipe 2 is more than 5 m, rainwater can pass through the full-flow energy storage device 5 to go downwards, and once the height of the water column is less than 5 m, the funnel opening is immediately sealed; and because the distance between the funnel opening and the inner sleeve 21 is always consistent, the amount of rainwater which continuously flows downwards through the full-flow energy storage device 5 is always consistent, so that the full-load power generation work of the hydraulic generator 6 under the impact of uniform water flow can be ensured, and the loss of the hydraulic generator 6 is reduced. Even if the inner sleeve 21 is arranged in a grid-like structure, the amount of rainwater which continues to flow downwards through the full-flow energy storage device 5 can be kept consistent all the time.

Preferably, the accumulator unit 7 includes a rectifier 36, an accumulator 37 and a plurality of electric wires 38, the accumulator 37 is connected to the hydraulic generator 6 through the electric wires 38, and the rectifier 36 is connected to the electric wires 38 and is located between the hydraulic generator 6 and the accumulator 37. The connection circuit between the hydro-generator 6, the rectifier 36 and the accumulator 37 is a simple circuit of common use and is not improved by the applicant.

Preferably, the reservoir 8 is disposed on or under the ground, and an overflow pipe 11 is further provided on the reservoir 8 to prevent the drain pipe 2 from being blocked by the over-saturation of the reservoir 8. The existence of this cistern 8 can hold the clean later stage rainwater of collection for aspects such as towards lavatory, carwash, afforestation, road spray alleviate the pressure of municipal pipe network, when rainstorm, reduce the area of converging of urban rainwater simultaneously, reduce the emergence of urban waterlogging, this construction demand that also accords with the sponge city.

The working principle of the device is as follows: the impeller abandoning device 3 is positioned below a roof of a high-rise building and is communicated with a roof 1 through the drain pipe 2, the drain pipe 2 introduces rainwater into the impeller abandoning device 3, under the normal condition, the rainfall is small in the early stage of raining, namely, the initial rainfall, the gravity of the rainwater is smaller than the force required for driving the impeller bearing to rotate, the impeller 13 is not moved, the rainwater flows into the abandoning pipe 10 at the center of the impeller along the blade 16, the rainfall is large in the later stage after the initial rainfall, namely, the rainwater is larger than the force required for rotating the impeller 13, the impeller 13 rotates, due to the centrifugal effect, the rainwater is thrown onto the inner wall of the impeller abandoning device 3 and finally gathered and flows into the next stage drain pipe 2. Full flow energy storage device 5 is located next stage drain pipe 2, and apart from roofing 8m, when rainwater amasss to 5 m height from full flow energy storage device in next stage drain pipe 2, the rainwater just can be put down, flows into power generation facility, realizes full flow power generation, and the rainwater through power generation facility stores in the cistern 8 at last.

The first embodiment is as follows:

taking a certain community in a certain city in the south as an example, the height of the community is 30 layers, and the water collection area of the roof of each building is about 400 m²Height H =90 m, and the full flow energy storage device is located at a distance of 8m from the roof, then the stop water level H1=82 m, i.e. the power generation water level is 82 m. When the water level in the pipeline reaches the power generation water level, the full-flow energy storage device is started, the hydraulic generator starts to generate power, and the water level is reduced to the stop water level.

Theoretical economic benefit:

each building is H =30 x 3=90 m in height;

the water collection area of the roof is about 400 m²；

The annual rainfall in the area is 2067 mm;

one building can collect water m =2067 x 10-3 x 400 x 1000=826800 kg in one year;

wherein stream 20% is discarded;

the rainwater collected and utilized in the final year is 826800 × 1-0.2) =661440 kg.

The full-flow energy storage device is arranged at a position 8m away from the roof, and the power generation water level H1=82 m;

the potential energy of gravity of rainwater available for one year E1= m · g · h =661440 × 9.8 × 82= 531533184J;

the mechanical energy of the hydro-generator is converted into electric energy with the efficiency of η = 0.8;

rainwater collected a year may yield E2= η · E1=531533184 × 0.8= 425226547J;

i.e. 425226547J/(3600 × 1000) =118 kwh of electrical energy.

661440 kg =661.44 t of rainwater which can be collected and used in one year;

calculating according to the first-degree electricity of the electricity fee by 0.6 yuan;

one building can save electricity charge 118 x 0.6=70.8 yuan a year;

calculating according to 3 yuan per ton of water;

one building can save water cost 661.44 x 3=1984.3 yuan a year;

one building saves 70.8+1984.3=2055.1 yuan in water and electricity charge one year.

Theoretical cost:

400 m of roof area²Two sets of impeller flow discarding devices, two sets of full-flow energy storage devices, a set of power generation device, a storage battery and a rectifier are arranged.

The pipeline reset part cost is 1.13 × 8 × 54.6 × 2=987 yuan;

output wire 215 x 1=215 element;

impeller abandon flow device 1500 x 2=3000 yuan;

hydro-generator 800 x 1=800 yuan;

full flow energy storage device 300 × 2=600 yuan;

battery 600 × 1=600 cells;

rectifier 198 x 1=198 yuan;

an installation cost of 70%, (987+215+3000+800+600+600+198) × 0.7=4480 yuan;

the test detection cost is 10 percent, and is (987+215+3000+800+600+600+198) × 0.1=640 yuan;

the initial installation requires (987+215+3000+800+600+600+198) × (1+0.7+0.1) =11520 yuan;

calculating according to the service life of a pipeline of 10 years, the service life of an output wire of 10 years, the service life of an impeller flow discarding device of 10 years, the service life of a hydraulic generator of 10 years, the service life of a full flow energy storage device of 5 years, the service life of a storage battery of 2 years and the service life of a rectifier of 2 years;

namely, 1 time of renovating a pipe network, 1 time of electric wires, 1 time of discarding the impeller, 1 time of a hydraulic generator, 2 times of fully flowing the energy storage device, 5 times of a storage battery and 5 times of a rectifier every 10 years.

Calculating theoretical profit:

(987 × 1+215 × 1+3000 × 1+800 × 1+600 × 2+600 × 5+198 × 5) (1+0.7+0.1) = 18345.6 yuan;

the economic benefit of 10 × 2055.1-18345.6=2205.4 yuan can be obtained within 10 years of a building;

calculated by a 10-span building in a cell, one cell has 4000 m²Water collection area;

at 2hm²Calculating the water collection area;

namely, with 20000/4000=5 cells and 50 buildings, direct economic benefit 50 x 2205.4=110270 yuan can be obtained in 10 years.

The whole system comprises three parts of initial rain abandoning, rain energy utilization and later rain accumulation: the initial rain abandons and distinguishes the quality of rainwater, reduces the pressure of a sewage treatment plant, saves the rainwater treatment cost and protects the water environment; rain energy is utilized, electric energy is generated, the combustion of fossil fuel is reduced, energy is saved, and the environment is protected; the rainwater of the collection all is clean later stage rainwater in the cistern, and this part rainwater can be used to towards the lavatory, the carwash, afforest, aspects such as road are sprayed, have practiced thrift the water, have reduced the water cost, and during rainstorm simultaneously, because the rainwater can be solved effectively on the spot to the powerful ability of retaining of cistern, reduce urban rainwater and merge the area, reduce the emergence of urban waterlogging, protected resident's life and property's safety.

Thus, the object of the present invention has been accomplished.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. A full-automatic rainwater separation and multistage utilization system for high-rise buildings is characterized by comprising a roof, a drain pipe, an impeller flow discarding device, a sewage pipe, a full-flow energy storage device, a hydraulic generator, an electric storage device and a reservoir, wherein a filter screen is arranged on a water falling port of the roof, the filter screen is flush with the roof and is positioned right above the drain pipe, the drain pipe is connected with the impeller flow discarding device, the impeller flow discarding device is provided with a flow discarding pipe, the pipe diameter of the flow discarding pipe is smaller than that of the drain pipe, the flow discarding pipe is connected with the sewage pipe, the full-flow energy storage device is arranged on the drain pipe below the impeller flow discarding device, the hydraulic generator is guaranteed to be impacted by water flow with full pipe diameter, the hydraulic generator generates electricity through water flow with full pipe diameter and stores the water flow into the electric storage device arranged beside, and rainwater flowing through the, still be equipped with an overflow pipe on the cistern, the impeller abandons class device includes casing, impeller and bearing portion, bearing portion one side fixed connection is in on the casing, impeller fixed connection is on bearing portion to can be rotatory in the casing, the impeller includes the blade of rim plate and S type, and is a plurality of the blade is the even setting of circumference form around the axle center of rim plate on the wheel quotation, and the length of blade is less than the radius of rim plate, has formed a circular space in rim plate axle center department for place abandon the stream pipe, the distance of blade and rim plate axle center is greater than the radius of abandoning the stream pipe, it hugs closely the impeller and nevertheless does not interfere with the impeller is independent mutually.

2. The full-automatic rainwater separation and multistage utilization system for high-rise buildings according to claim 1, wherein the full-flow energy storage device comprises a first fixing ring, an outer sleeve, a second fixing ring, an inverted circular truncated cone-shaped funnel, an inner sleeve, a movable baffle, a spring, a support plate and a support rod, the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring are fixedly connected with two ends of the outer sleeve, the upper edge of the inverted circular truncated cone-shaped funnel is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the upper edge of the outer sleeve, the movable baffle is arranged at the lower port of the inverted circular truncated cone-shaped funnel and can cover the lower port, at least three radial reinforcing ribs are arranged on the inner side of the second fixing ring, the support rod is vertically and fixedly arranged on a reinforcing rib connecting point at the center of the second fixing ring, the upper end of the support rod is fixedly connected with the center of the support plate, the center of the upper surface of, the spring tightly supports the movable baffle plate at the lower port of the inverted circular truncated cone-shaped funnel to cover the lower port, the lower end of the inner sleeve is fixedly connected to the supporting plate, the inner diameter of the inner sleeve is consistent with the diameter of the movable baffle plate, and the distance between the upper end surface of the inner sleeve and the lower port of the circular truncated cone-shaped funnel is smaller than the thickness of the movable baffle plate.

3. The system for separating and utilizing rainwater of full-automatic high-rise building according to claim 1, wherein the drainage pipe is vertically and fixedly connected to the building wall through a horizontal pipe clamp, and the drainage pipe on the side close to the roof is provided with a section of S-shaped pipe section.

4. The system for separating and utilizing rainwater of full-automatic high-rise building according to claim 1, wherein the bearing portion comprises an outer ring, rollers and an inner shaft, the radius of the outer ring is half of the radius of the impeller, the inner shaft is a stepped shaft and comprises a first shaft section and a second shaft section, a raceway is arranged on the side surface of the first shaft section to form an inner bearing ring, one side of the outer ring is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the shell, the other end of the inner shaft is arranged at the right center of the side surface of the impeller, an annular shielding portion extends out of the outer ring on the side close to the impeller in the axial direction, the inner diameter of the shielding portion is smaller than that of the first shaft section and larger than that of the second shaft section, and the starting force of the bearing portion is 34.64N.

5. The full-automatic rainwater separation and multistage utilization system for high-rise buildings according to claim 1, wherein the water discharge pipe is fixedly installed on the housing, is inclined downwards at an angle of 15 degrees with the horizontal plane, and comprises an outer pipe section and an inner pipe section, wherein the inner pipe section is in a semi-open type, has an upward opening, is positioned in a circular space at the axis of the impeller, is tightly attached to the impeller, and is independent from the impeller without interference.

6. The system according to claim 1, wherein the electric storage device comprises a rectifier, an accumulator and a plurality of electric wires, the accumulator is connected with the hydraulic generator through the electric wires, and the rectifier is connected to the electric wires and located between the hydraulic generator and the accumulator.