CN110894814A

CN110894814A - Engine water jacket device and engine

Info

Publication number: CN110894814A
Application number: CN201911421604.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 梁青华; 崔志强
Original assignee: Ricardo Technology Consulting Shanghai Co ltd
Current assignee: Ricardo Technology Consulting Shanghai Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-31
Filing date: 2019-12-31
Publication date: 2020-03-20

Abstract

The invention provides an engine water jacket device and an engine, wherein a cooling water channel 200 on a cylinder liner is respectively connected with a cylinder body air inlet side water jacket 180 and a cylinder body exhaust side water jacket 190; the cylinder body air inlet side water jacket 180 is connected with the cylinder cover lower layer water jacket water inlet 310, and the cylinder body exhaust side water jacket 190 is connected with the cylinder cover upper layer water jacket water inlet 410; or the cylinder body air inlet side water jacket 180 is connected with the cylinder cover upper layer water jacket water inlet 410, and the cylinder body exhaust side water jacket 190 is connected with the cylinder cover lower layer water jacket water inlet 310. In the invention, because the rubber rod separation scheme is adopted in the cylinder body water jacket, the water flow in the drilled channels of the upper water jacket and the lower water jacket of the cylinder cover and the bridge nose area of the cylinder cover of the cylinder body can be flexibly controlled by adjusting the height of the rubber rod separation scheme, the convenience is particularly outstanding in the process of engine test development, and the sharing of the same cylinder body water jacket sand core by series engines with different performances is more possible.

Description

Engine water jacket device and engine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of water jacket devices, in particular to an engine water jacket device and an engine, and particularly relates to an engine water jacket device which can respectively and efficiently cool a heat load key region of the engine.

Background

An important aspect of the current development of engine technology is that the power density is increasing with the miniaturization of the size and weight of the engine, especially the popularity of the cylinder cover structure adopting the integrated exhaust manifold in the past years leads to the great increase of the heat energy released to the water jacket in the combustion process, which puts higher requirements on the design of the engine cooling system, especially the cylinder body and cylinder cover water jacket in the engine cooling core; for cooling the cylinder block, it is important to ensure that the cooling water flow is sufficient in the upper part of the water jacket and the nose bridge area between the two cylinders; the core areas that need to be cooled for the head jacket are the area between the two exhaust ports per cylinder, and the areas near the exhaust ports and the combustion chambers.

Patent document CN107035563B discloses an engine water jacket, which includes a cylinder head water jacket and a cylinder body water jacket, wherein the cylinder head water jacket is provided with a water outlet and a water jacket cylinder hole, and the cylinder body water jacket is provided with a water inlet, wherein the water inlet is arranged on the exhaust side of the cylinder body water jacket, and the water inlet is communicated with an exhaust side channel and an intake side channel of the cylinder body water jacket; the water outlet is arranged in the middle of the cylinder cover water jacket, and the axis of the water outlet is lower than the plane of the cylinder body water jacket. The engine water jacket provided by the invention lacks flexible adjustment capability for meeting different cooling requirements of different parts of an engine, and simultaneously, as the engine water jacket adopts a traditional single-layer cylinder cover water jacket structure, the engine water jacket has certain limitation on a high-performance engine with high cooling requirement.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an engine water jacket device and an engine, which are convenient to apply, simple in process and capable of being flexibly adjusted in actual design simulation or development test according to respective flow requirements of core areas in the engine, and particularly provides an engine cylinder body and cylinder cover water jacket framework.

According to the present invention, there is provided an engine water jacket apparatus comprising: the cylinder body unit, the cylinder cushion unit and the cylinder cover unit; the cylinder unit includes: a cylinder water jacket 100; the head gasket unit includes: a cylinder head cooling water passage 200; the cylinder head unit includes: a cylinder cover lower layer water jacket 300 and a cylinder cover upper layer water jacket 400; the block water jacket 100 includes: a cylinder block water jacket inlet 110, a cylinder bore peripheral annular water jacket 120; the cylinder block water jacket inlet 110 is arranged on an annular water jacket 120 around the cylinder hole; the cylinder bore surrounding annular water jacket 120 includes: a cylinder intake side water jacket 180 and a cylinder exhaust side water jacket 190; the above-gasket cooling water passage 200 includes: a first gasket water passage hole 210, a second gasket water passage hole 220, and a third gasket water passage hole 230; the cylinder head lower layer water jacket 300 includes: a cylinder cover lower water jacket water inlet 310; the cylinder cover lower layer water jacket water inlet 310 is arranged at the front end of the cylinder cover lower layer water jacket 300; the cylinder head upper water jacket 400 includes: a water inlet 410 of the upper water jacket of the cylinder cover; the cylinder cover upper water jacket water inlet 410 is arranged at the front end of the cylinder cover upper water jacket 400; the cooling water channel 200 on the cylinder gasket is respectively connected with the cylinder body air inlet side water jacket 180 and the cylinder body exhaust side water jacket 190; the cylinder body air inlet side water jacket 180 is connected with the cylinder cover lower layer water jacket water inlet 310, and the cylinder body exhaust side water jacket 190 is connected with the cylinder cover upper layer water jacket water inlet 410; or the cylinder block air inlet side water jacket 180 is connected with the cylinder head upper layer water jacket water inlet 410, and the cylinder block exhaust side water jacket 190 is connected with the cylinder head lower layer water jacket water inlet 310; so that the apparatus can supply cooling water to the head lower water jacket 300 and the head upper water jacket 400, respectively.

Preferably, the block water jacket inlet 110 and the block exhaust side water jacket (190) are connected, and the connecting direction of the block water jacket inlet 110 and the block exhaust side water jacket (190) is tangential.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: front end insert 130, back end insert 140; the front end insert 130 is disposed at the front end in the annular water jacket 120 around the cylinder bore; the rear end insert 140 is disposed at the rear end in the annular water jacket 120 around the cylinder bore. The front and

rear inserts

130, 140 separate the intake and exhaust sides of the block jacket, forming a block intake side water jacket 180 and a block exhaust side water jacket 190.

Preferably, the front insert 130 is a rubber rod; the rear insert 140 is a rubber rod; front end water flow channel units are reserved at the top, the middle and the bottom of the front end insert 130; the rear end insert 140 has rear end water flow channel units at the top, middle and bottom; the front-end water flow passage unit includes: a first front end flow path 131, a second front end flow path 132, and a third front end flow path 133; the rear end water flow passage unit includes: the first, second and third rear end

water flow channels

141, 142, 143 to avoid the formation of flow dead zones.

Preferably, the cylinder water jacket 100 adopts an open structure, and the top is not provided with ribs connecting the inner wall and the outer wall of the water jacket; the block water jacket 100 includes: a parting line 170; the split line 170 is disposed near the middle of the block jacket 100 rather than at one end.

Preferably, the block water jacket 100 includes: a cylinder nose area 150; the cylinder unit includes: a plurality of cylinder bores; the cylinder nose area 150 is arranged between any two adjacent cylinder holes; the cylinder nose area is provided with a cooling water channel 160.

Preferably, the cooling water passage 160 is formed by a V-shaped drill, and has a two-step hole structure.

Preferably, the head lower water jacket 300 and the head upper water jacket 400 communicate only in the vicinity of the outlet position. The water flows passing through the cylinder cover lower layer water jacket 300 and the cylinder cover upper layer water jacket 400 are converged and flow out of the cylinder cover only near the outlet of the last cylinder.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: a diagonal bore hole 320; the cylinder cover unit is provided with a plurality of exhaust valves and a plurality of exhaust passages, for example, each cylinder on the cylinder cover unit is provided with two exhaust valves and two exhaust passages, and the inclined drilling hole (320) is arranged between any two adjacent exhaust passages on the cylinder cover unit; the inclined drilling hole 320 is respectively connected with the cylinder exhaust side water jacket 190 and the cylinder cover upper water jacket 400; thereby providing cooling to the nose bridge region between the two banks of valves for each cylinder; the bore diameter is 2mm to 10 mm.

According to the present invention, there is provided an engine comprising: an engine water jacket device.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention has reasonable structure and convenient use, and can overcome the defects in the prior art;

2. in the invention, the cooling water flow can be respectively adjusted according to the requirements in the key area of the thermal load of the cylinder body and the cylinder cover of the engine;

3. in the invention, because the rubber rod separation scheme is adopted in the cylinder body water jacket, the water flows in the cylinder body, the upper water jacket and the lower water jacket of the cylinder cover and the drilled channel in the bridge nose area of the cylinder cover of the cylinder body can be flexibly controlled by adjusting the height of the rubber rod separation scheme, so that the cooling requirements of the upper water jacket and the lower water jacket of the cylinder cover and the drilled channel in the bridge nose area of the cylinder cover of the cylinder body can be met, the convenience is particularly outstanding in the development and test process of.

Drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

FIG. 1 is an exhaust side view of a water jacket of an engine block cylinder head to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a side view of an engine block cylinder head water jacket intake to which the present invention is applied.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an engine block water jacket to which the present invention is applied.

In the figure:

water passing hole of third cylinder gasket of 100 cylinder water jacket 230

110 cylinder body water jacket water inlet 300 cylinder cover lower layer water jacket

120 cylinder hole surrounding annular water jacket 310 cylinder cover lower layer water jacket water inlet

130 front end insert 320 angled hole

131 first front end water flow channel 330 cylinder cover lower layer water jacket bottom surface process support

132 second front end water flow channel 340 cylinder cover lower water jacket diversion rib

133 third front end water flow channel 350 cylinder cover lower water jacket exhaust port nearby bulge

140 rear end insert 360 cylinder head lower layer water jacket outlet

141 first rear end water flow channel 370 cylinder cover lower water jacket side process support

142 second rear end water flow channel 400 cylinder head upper water jacket

143 third rear end water flow channel 410 cylinder head upper water jacket water inlet

150 cylinder body nose bridge area 420 cylinder cover upper water jacket bottom surface technology support

160 cooling water channel 430 cylinder cover upper water jacket side process support

170 split line 440 cylinder head upper water jacket water conservancy diversion muscle

180 cylinder body air inlet side water jacket 450 cylinder cover upper water jacket exhaust port nearby bulge

190 cylinder body exhaust side water jacket 460 cylinder cover upper layer water jacket and lower layer water jacket connecting part

200 cylinder gasket cooling water channel 470 cylinder cover water outlet

210 first cylinder gasket water through hole

220 second cylinder pad water through hole

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the engine water jacket device provided by the invention is applied to a high-performance gasoline engine with a 3-cylinder 4-valve integrated exhaust manifold cylinder cover, and comprises: the cylinder body unit, the cylinder cushion unit and the cylinder cover unit; the cylinder unit includes: a cylinder water jacket 100; the head gasket unit includes: a cylinder head cooling water passage 200; the cylinder head unit includes: a cylinder cover lower layer water jacket 300 and a cylinder cover upper layer water jacket 400; the block water jacket 100 includes: a cylinder block water jacket inlet 110, a cylinder bore peripheral annular water jacket 120; the cylinder block water jacket inlet 110 is arranged on an annular water jacket 120 around the cylinder hole; the cylinder bore surrounding annular water jacket 120 includes: a cylinder intake side water jacket 180 and a cylinder exhaust side water jacket 190; the above-gasket cooling water passage 200 includes: a first gasket water passage hole 210, a second gasket water passage hole 220, and a third gasket water passage hole 230; the cylinder head lower layer water jacket 300 includes: a cylinder cover lower water jacket water inlet 310; the cylinder cover lower layer water jacket water inlet 310 is arranged at the front end of the cylinder cover lower layer water jacket 300; the cylinder head upper water jacket 400 includes: a water inlet 410 of the upper water jacket of the cylinder cover; the cylinder cover upper water jacket water inlet 410 is arranged at the front end of the cylinder cover upper water jacket 400; the cooling water channel 200 on the cylinder gasket is respectively connected with the cylinder body air inlet side water jacket 180 and the cylinder body exhaust side water jacket 190; the cylinder body air inlet side water jacket 180 is connected with the cylinder cover lower layer water jacket water inlet 310, and the cylinder body exhaust side water jacket 190 is connected with the cylinder cover upper layer water jacket water inlet 410; or the cylinder block air inlet side water jacket 180 is connected with the cylinder head upper layer water jacket water inlet 410, and the cylinder block exhaust side water jacket 190 is connected with the cylinder head lower layer water jacket water inlet 310; the selection of the specific connection mode depends on the structural arrangement of an engine applying the water jacket device and the cooling flow requirements of the water jackets on the upper layer and the lower layer of the cylinder cover; so that the apparatus can supply cooling water to the head lower water jacket 300 and the head upper water jacket 400, respectively.

The core technical scheme of the invention is that the water jacket of the cylinder body is separated or basically separated at the front end and the rear end so as to be divided into an air inlet side water jacket and an air exhaust side water jacket; because the water inlet of the cylinder water pump is only connected with one side of the water jackets at the air inlet and exhaust sides of the cylinder, which is connected with the water pump, is a high-pressure side, and the other side of the water jackets at the air inlet and exhaust sides of the cylinder is a low-pressure side; the pressure difference of the high-pressure area and the low-pressure area provides necessary conditions for ensuring enough water flow required by sufficient cooling of the nose bridge area between the two cylinders of the cylinder body; on the other hand, the cylinder cover water jacket is also divided into an upper water jacket and a lower water jacket which are respectively a lower water jacket and an upper water jacket; the cast partition plates formed between the upper layer water jacket and the lower layer water jacket are beneficial to improving the rigidity of the cylinder cover, more importantly, the upper layer water jacket and the lower layer water jacket of the cylinder cover can be respectively filled with water from the high side and the low side or the low side and the high side of the cylinder body water jacket, so that the upper layer water jacket and the lower layer water jacket can respectively adjust the flow rate and the flow velocity of cooling liquid passing through the upper layer water jacket and the lower layer water jacket.

Preferably, the block water jacket inlet 110 is connected to a block exhaust side water jacket (190) to provide an advantage of subsequently providing more cooling water flow to the exhaust side with higher heat load; the connecting direction of the cylinder water jacket water inlet 110 and the cylinder exhaust side water jacket (190) is tangential, so that the pressure of water flow is reduced, and the metal corrosion risk caused by the impact of the water flow on the outer wall of the cylinder hole is reduced.

rear inserts

130, 140 separate the intake and exhaust sides of the block jacket, forming a block intake side water jacket 180 and a block exhaust side water jacket 190. Compared with the scheme of adopting a split water jacket sand core at the air inlet and exhaust sides (so as to cast the partition ribs in the water jacket), the scheme of adopting the insert partition scheme in the water jacket has the advantages that the water jacket of the cylinder body is still an integral body in the casting process, the process realization and the quality control are convenient, and the problem of uneven rigidity of the cylinder hole caused by adopting the casting ribs to partition the water jacket is also avoided. Due to the optimization requirement of the cold area system, the heights and the positions of the rubber rods at the two sides are possibly inconsistent; typically, the height dimension of the annular water jacket 120 around the cylinder bore will be significantly shorter than the height dimension of the annular water jacket 120 around the cylinder bore due to the need to substantially isolate the block water jacket inlet and exhaust side water flow 130 from the height dimension of the annular water jacket 120 around the cylinder bore due to the need to provide adequate passage for block water inlet and exhaust side water flow communication.

Preferably, the front insert 130 is a rubber rod; the rear insert 140 is a rubber rod; therefore, water flow in the drilling channels in the cylinder body, the upper water jacket and the lower water jacket of the cylinder cover and the bridge of the bridge area of the cylinder cover of the cylinder body can be flexibly controlled by adjusting the height of the sand core, the convenience is particularly outstanding in the development and test process of the engine, and the sand core of the water jacket of the cylinder cover of the same cylinder body can be shared by series engines with different performances; front end water flow channel units are reserved at the top, the middle and the bottom of the front end insert 130; the rear end insert 140 has rear end water flow channel units at the top, middle and bottom; the front-end water flow passage unit includes: a first front end flow path 131, a second front end flow path 132, and a third front end flow path 133; the rear end water flow passage unit includes: the first, second and third rear end

water flow channels

141, 142, 143 to avoid the formation of flow dead zones.

Preferably, the cylinder water jacket 100 adopts an open structure, and the top is not provided with ribs connecting the inner wall and the outer wall of the water jacket; thus, the water flow strength of the water jacket of the cylinder body at the top area with high heat load can be improved; the block water jacket 100 includes: a parting line 170; the split line 170 is disposed near the middle of the block jacket 100 rather than at one end. This allows the above-mentioned second front end flow channel 132 and second rear end flow channel 142 to be realized with a simple casting scheme.

Preferably, the block water jacket 100 includes: a cylinder nose area 150; the cylinder unit includes: a plurality of cylinder bores; the cylinder nose area 150 is arranged between any two adjacent cylinder holes; the cylinder nose area is provided with a cooling water channel 160, and is realized by machining or casting.

Preferably, the cooling water channel 160 adopts a V-shaped drilling hole and a two-stage stepped hole structure; the technology is convenient, and the size of the nose bridge area can be reduced as much as possible, so that the design of the engine is compact.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: the cylinder cover lower water jacket outlet 360, the connecting part 460 of the cylinder cover upper water jacket and the lower water jacket, and the cylinder cover water outlet 470; after the water flows into the cylinder head upper and

lower water jackets

300 and 400 from 310 and 410, the middle parts are not communicated with each other basically except for a few positions which are possibly communicated by adopting a drilling or casting small hole scheme due to the elimination of a flow dead zone, and finally the water flows are converged near a cylinder head water outlet 470 (positioned at the rear end of the last cylinder of the engine) through the connection of the cylinder head lower layer water jacket outlet 360 and the cylinder head upper layer water jacket and the lower layer water jacket connecting part 460, so that the water flows of the cylinder head upper and lower layer water jackets are respectively adjusted according to requirements.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: a diagonal bore hole 320; the cylinder cover unit is provided with a plurality of exhaust valves and a plurality of exhaust passages, each cylinder on the cylinder cover unit is provided with two exhaust valves and two exhaust passages, and the inclined drilling hole 320 is arranged between any two adjacent exhaust passages; the inclined drilling hole 320 is respectively connected with the cylinder exhaust side water jacket 190 and the cylinder cover upper water jacket 400 through a third cylinder cushion water through hole 230; thereby providing cooling to the nose bridge region between the two banks of valves for each cylinder, with a bore diameter of 2mm to 10 mm.

Preferably, the head-lower water jacket 300 further includes: the bottom surface process support 330 of the cylinder cover lower-layer water jacket and the side surface process support 370 of the cylinder cover lower-layer water jacket; the cylinder head upper water jacket 400 further includes: a cylinder cover upper layer water jacket bottom surface process support 420 and a cylinder cover upper layer water jacket side surface process support 430; however, the channel for supplying water to the cylinder cover water jacket by the cylinder cover water jacket is only limited to two openings at the front end of the cylinder cover and the drill hole at the exhaust side; the process holes formed on the bottom surface of the cylinder cover due to casting requirements are completely closed by the cylinder gasket, or only small holes (the water passing area is equivalent to a round hole with the diameter of not more than 4 mm) are provided on the cylinder gasket at corresponding positions to meet the exhaust function of the cylinder water jacket, but not to supply water to the cylinder cover.

Preferably, to accommodate the cooling requirements of a cylinder head with an integrated exhaust manifold, the head lower water jacket 300 further comprises: the cylinder cover lower-layer water jacket guide rib 340 and the cylinder cover lower-layer water jacket exhaust port nearby bulge 350; the cylinder head upper water jacket 400 further includes: the cylinder cover upper water jacket guide rib 440 and the cylinder cover upper water jacket exhaust port nearby protrusion 450; the arrangement of the projections and the flow guiding ribs is optimized according to CFD (computational fluid dynamics).

The invention has reasonable structure and convenient use, and can overcome the defects in the prior art; in the invention, the cooling water flow can be respectively adjusted according to the requirements in the key area of the thermal load of the cylinder body and the cylinder cover of the engine; in the invention, because the rubber rod separation scheme is adopted in the cylinder body water jacket, the water flows in the cylinder body, the upper water jacket and the lower water jacket of the cylinder cover and the drilled channel in the bridge nose area of the cylinder cover of the cylinder body can be flexibly controlled by adjusting the height of the rubber rod separation scheme, so that the cooling requirements of the upper water jacket and the lower water jacket of the cylinder cover and the drilled channel in the bridge nose area of the cylinder cover of the cylinder body can be met, the convenience is particularly outstanding in the development and test process of.

In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.

The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.

Claims

1. An engine water jacket apparatus, characterized by comprising: the cylinder body unit, the cylinder cushion unit and the cylinder cover unit;

the cylinder unit includes: a cylinder body water jacket (100);

the head gasket unit includes: a cylinder liner cooling water passage (200);

the cylinder head unit includes: a cylinder cover lower layer water jacket (300) and a cylinder cover upper layer water jacket (400);

the block water jacket (100) includes: a cylinder water jacket inlet (110) and an annular water jacket (120) around the cylinder hole;

the cylinder water jacket water inlet (110) is arranged on an annular water jacket (120) around the cylinder hole;

the cylinder bore surrounding annular water jacket (120) includes: a cylinder block air inlet side water jacket (180) and a cylinder block air outlet side water jacket (190);

the cylinder liner cooling water passage (200) includes: a first cylinder gasket water through hole (210), a second cylinder gasket water through hole (220), and a third cylinder gasket water through hole (230);

the cylinder head lower layer water jacket (300) comprises: a water inlet (310) of the water jacket at the lower layer of the cylinder cover;

the cylinder cover lower-layer water jacket water inlet (310) is arranged at the front end of the cylinder cover lower-layer water jacket (300);

the cylinder head upper water jacket (400) includes: a water inlet (410) of the water jacket on the upper layer of the cylinder cover;

the water inlet (410) of the upper water jacket of the cylinder cover is arranged at the front end of the upper water jacket (400) of the cylinder cover;

the cylinder liner cooling water channel (200) is respectively connected with the cylinder body air inlet side water jacket (180) and the cylinder body exhaust side water jacket (190);

the cylinder body air inlet side water jacket (180) is connected with a cylinder cover lower layer water jacket water inlet (310), and the cylinder body exhaust side water jacket (190) is connected with a cylinder cover upper layer water jacket water inlet (410); or

The cylinder body air inlet side water jacket (180) is connected with a cylinder cover upper layer water jacket water inlet (410), and the cylinder body exhaust side water jacket (190) is connected with a cylinder cover lower layer water jacket water inlet (310).

2. The engine water jacket apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the block water jacket inlet (110) and the block exhaust side water jacket (190) are connected, and a connecting direction of the block water jacket inlet (110) and the block exhaust side water jacket (190) is tangential.

3. The engine water jacket apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a front end insert (130), a rear end insert (140);

the front end insert (130) is disposed at the front end in an annular water jacket (120) around the cylinder bore;

the rear end insert (140) is disposed at the rear end in an annular water jacket (120) around the cylinder bore.

4. The engine water jacket device according to claim 3, characterized in that the front end insert (130) employs a rubber rod;

the rear-end insert (140) is a rubber rod;

the top, middle and bottom of the front-end insert (130) are provided with front-end water flow channel units;

the top, middle and bottom of the rear insert (140) are provided with rear water flow channel units;

the front-end water flow passage unit includes: a first front end water flow passage (131), a second front end water flow passage (132), and a third front end water flow passage (133);

the rear end water flow passage unit includes: a first rear end water flow passage (141), a second rear end water flow passage (142), and a third rear end water flow passage (143).

5. The engine water jacket device according to claim 1, characterized in that the block water jacket (100) adopts an open structure;

the block water jacket (100) includes: a parting line (170);

the parting line (170) is arranged near the middle position of the cylinder water jacket (100).

6. The engine water jacket apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the block water jacket (100) includes: a cylinder nose bridge region (150);

the cylinder unit includes: a plurality of cylinder bores;

the cylinder nose bridge area (150) is arranged between any two adjacent cylinder holes;

the cylinder nose bridge area is provided with a cooling water channel (160).

7. The engine water jacket device according to claim 6, characterized in that the cooling water passage (160) adopts a V-drilled, two-step hole structure.

8. The engine water jacket apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the head lower layer water jacket (300) and the head upper layer water jacket (400) communicate only in the vicinity of an outlet position.

9. The engine water jacket apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising: a deviated borehole (320);

the cylinder cover unit is provided with a plurality of exhaust valves and a plurality of exhaust passages,

the inclined drilling hole (320) is formed between any two adjacent exhaust passages on the cylinder cover unit;

the inclined drilling hole (320) is respectively connected with the cylinder exhaust side water jacket (190) and the cylinder cover upper layer water jacket (400).

10. An engine, comprising: the engine water jacket device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.