CN110894791A - Directional roof cutting method for single-crack-surface instantaneous bursting device - Google Patents
Directional roof cutting method for single-crack-surface instantaneous bursting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110894791A CN110894791A CN201911242620.5A CN201911242620A CN110894791A CN 110894791 A CN110894791 A CN 110894791A CN 201911242620 A CN201911242620 A CN 201911242620A CN 110894791 A CN110894791 A CN 110894791A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
- E21C37/06—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole
Abstract
The invention provides a method for directionally cutting a roof of a single-fracture-surface instantaneous bursting device, and relates to the technical field of mining. The spaller is of a tubular structure, and a plurality of energy gathering holes arranged side by side are arranged along the axial direction of the spaller, and the method comprises the following steps: forming a plurality of mounting holes which are arranged side by side along a preset direction in the body to be cracked according to a preset angle; at least one bursting device is arranged in each mounting hole, each energy collecting hole faces to a to-be-cracked surface of the to-be-cracked body, and each bursting device in each mounting hole is connected through a lead; electrifying to initiate each expansion device so as to expand each expansion agent in each expansion device; and detecting and calculating the cutting rate of each mounting hole, and finishing top cutting when the cutting rate is in a preset range. The directional roof cutting method can improve the rock breaking speed and improve the mining safety.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of mining, in particular to a method for directionally cutting a roof of a single-fracture-surface instantaneous spaller.
Background
With the rapid development of economy, the demand of people on mineral resources is increasing day by day, and the safe and stable exploitation of coal resources is particularly important.
When coal is mined without coal pillars in a roadway, a top plate pre-splitting joint is the core technology of coal mining in the process, namely, a crack surface needs to be directionally cut in a top plate rock mass. The center of the prior art mainly adopts an explosive energy-gathered blasting technology and a static crushing agent directional top-cutting technology, but the explosive blasting top-cutting risk of the explosive energy-gathered blasting technology is large, and the approval procedure is complex; by adopting the static crushing agent directional top cutting technology, the reaction time of the static crushing agent is longer, the static crushing agent which reacts fastest at present needs more than four hours, the expansion force of the static crushing agent is smaller, rocks with higher strength are difficult to cut, and the static crushing agent is rarely used for top cutting on site.
It is to be noted that the information disclosed in the above background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and thus may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the disclosure is to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provide a method for directionally cutting the roof of a single-fracture-surface instantaneous spaller, which can improve the rock breaking speed and the mining safety.
According to one aspect of the disclosure, a method for directional topping of a single-fracture-surface instantaneous expander is provided, wherein the expander is of a tubular structure and is provided with a plurality of energy-gathering holes arranged side by side along the axial direction of the expander, and the method for directional topping comprises the following steps:
forming a plurality of mounting holes which are arranged side by side along a preset direction in the body to be cracked according to a preset angle;
at least one expansion device is arranged in each mounting hole, each energy gathering hole faces to a to-be-cracked surface of the to-be-cracked body, and the expansion devices in the mounting holes are connected through leads;
electrifying to initiate each expansion device so as to expand each expansion agent in each expansion device;
and detecting and calculating the cutting rate of each mounting hole, and finishing top cutting when the cutting rate is in a preset range.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the method of directional topping further comprises:
and before the power is supplied to the spaller, sealing the mounting hole by using stemming.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the expander comprises:
the energy gathering pipes are arranged on the side walls of the energy gathering pipes and are uniformly distributed at equal intervals along the axial direction of the energy gathering pipes;
the filling pipe is arranged in the energy collecting pipe and is used for filling the bursting agent;
the first lead and the second lead are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the trigger head and are respectively led out from two ends of the filler tube;
and the third lead penetrates through the energy-gathering tube, is positioned between the outer wall of the filler tube and the inner wall of the energy-gathering tube, and is connected with the first lead or the second lead.
In an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, each of the mounting holes includes a plurality of the expansion devices, each of the expansion devices is sequentially arranged from front to back along an extending direction of the mounting hole, and each of the third leads of each of the expansion devices is communicated and penetrates out of an opening of the mounting hole;
in two adjacent expanding devices, a second lead of the front expanding device is connected with a first lead of the rear expanding device, and the first lead of the expanding device, which is closest to the opening of the mounting hole, in each expanding device penetrates out of the mounting hole.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the preset range includes greater than or equal to eighty percent.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the detecting and calculating a lancing rate of each of the mounting holes, and the performing the top-cutting when the lancing rate is in a preset range includes:
testing the crack length of the mounting hole by adopting a drilling peeping instrument;
calculating the joint cutting rate according to the corresponding relation between the joint cutting rate and the crack length;
and comparing the calculated joint cutting rate with a preset range, finishing top cutting when the joint cutting rate is in the preset range, reinstalling the spalling device to the mounting hole when the joint cutting rate is not in the preset range, and electrifying the spalling device for initiation.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the energy concentrating tube includes two rows of energy concentrating holes, and the two rows of energy concentrating holes are arranged to face each other on a side wall of the energy concentrating tube.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the shaped orifice is a through hole.
In an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, the preset angle is an included angle between the drill and the wall surface of the to-be-cracked body, and the preset angle is 10-25 °.
In an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, the distance between the mounting holes is equal, and the distance between two adjacent mounting holes ranges from 400mm to 600 mm.
The method for directionally cutting the top of the single-fracture-surface instantaneous bursting device can mount the bursting device in each mounting hole, lead wires of the bursting devices are led out from the opening of the mounting hole, and the bursting agents in the bursting devices are expanded by electrifying the bursting devices through the lead wires, so that the mounting holes are burst to form fracture surfaces. In the process, the expansion devices are connected with each other through the lead, and the electric conduction is carried out on the lead, so that the expansion agents in all the expansion devices can be expanded at the same time, the expansion speed is high, the expansion time can be saved, and the operation is convenient; in addition, the safety coefficient of the bursting agent is higher, and safety accidents can be avoided. And after the cracking, the joint cutting rate of each mounting hole can be tested, the top cutting is completed when the joint cutting rate is within a preset range, and the cracking is repeated when the joint cutting rate is smaller than the preset range, so that the joint cutting rate of each mounting hole reaches the preset range, and further, each mounting hole is ensured to be completely cracked, and the surface to be cracked is ensured to be completely cracked.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. It is to be understood that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary of the disclosure, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings by one of ordinary skill in the art without the exercise of inventive faculty.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for directional topping of a single-fracture-face instantaneous bursting device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a mounting hole of the disclosed embodiments.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an arrangement of mounting holes of the disclosed embodiments.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a disclosed embodiment bursting insert.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a distribution of shaped orifices of the disclosed embodiments.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the distribution of multiple dilators in a single installation hole.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the connection of the respective spallers in the plurality of mounting holes.
Fig. 8 is a flowchart corresponding to step S140 in fig. 1.
In the figure: 100. a body to be cracked; 200. a power source; 1. mounting holes; 2. a bursting device; 21. an energy-gathering tube; 211. an energy gathering hole; 22. a filler tube; 221. a bursting agent; 23. a hair-inducing head; 24. a first lead; 25. a second lead; 26. a third lead; 27. a coupling medium; 28. and a fixing member.
Detailed Description
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and thus their detailed description will be omitted.
Although relative terms, such as "upper" and "lower," may be used in this specification to describe one element of an icon relative to another, these terms are used in this specification for convenience only, e.g., in accordance with the orientation of the examples described in the figures. It will be appreciated that if the device of the icon were turned upside down, the element described as "upper" would become the element "lower". When a structure is "on" another structure, it may mean that the structure is integrally formed with the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" disposed on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" disposed on the other structure via another structure.
The terms "a," "an," "the," and "said" are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements/components/etc.; the terms "comprising" and "having" are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements/components/etc. other than the listed elements/components/etc. The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used merely as labels, and are not limiting as to the number of their objects.
The disclosed embodiment provides a method for directional roof cutting of a single-fracture-surface instantaneous expander, wherein the expander is of a tubular structure and is provided with a plurality of energy gathering holes arranged side by side along the axial direction of the expander, and as shown in fig. 1, the method can comprise the following steps:
step S110, forming a plurality of mounting holes which are arranged side by side along a preset direction in a body to be cracked according to a preset angle;
step S120, at least one expansion device is installed in each installation hole, each energy gathering hole faces to a to-be-cracked surface of the to-be-cracked body, and each expansion device in each installation hole is connected through a lead;
step S130, electrifying to initiate each expansion device so as to expand each expansion agent in each expansion device;
and step S140, detecting and calculating the cutting rate of each mounting hole, and finishing the top cutting when the cutting rate is in a preset range.
The method for directionally cutting the top of the single-fracture-surface instantaneous bursting device can mount the bursting device in each mounting hole, lead wires of the bursting devices are led out from the opening of the mounting hole, and the bursting agents in the bursting devices are expanded by electrifying the bursting devices through the lead wires, so that the mounting holes are burst to form fracture surfaces. In the process, the expansion devices are connected with each other through the lead, and the electric conduction is carried out on the lead, so that the expansion agents in all the expansion devices can be expanded at the same time, the expansion speed is high, the expansion time can be saved, and the operation is convenient; in addition, the safety coefficient of the bursting agent is higher, and safety accidents can be avoided. And after the cracking, the joint cutting rate of each mounting hole can be tested, the top cutting is completed when the joint cutting rate is within a preset range, and the cracking is repeated when the joint cutting rate is smaller than the preset range, so that the joint cutting rate of each mounting hole reaches the preset range, and further, each mounting hole is ensured to be completely cracked, and the surface to be cracked is ensured to be completely cracked.
The following is a detailed description of the steps of the method for directional topping of the single-fracture instantaneous bursting device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure:
as shown in fig. 1, in step S110, a plurality of mounting holes 1 arranged side by side in a preset direction are formed in a body to be fractured 100 at a preset angle.
As shown in fig. 2, a drilling machine may be used to drill a plurality of drill holes on the wall surface of the body to be cracked 100 as the installation hole 1, where the body to be cracked 100 may be rock or coal, or of course, other types of bodies to be cracked 100 may also be used, and the invention is not limited in this respect. The mounting hole 1 may have a circular, oval, rectangular, polygonal or other shape, and is not particularly limited thereto. Each mounting hole 1 may extend inward from the wall surface of the body 100 to be cracked, and the depth of each mounting hole 1 extending on the wall surface may be equal, and as shown in fig. 3, each mounting hole 1 may be arranged side by side on the wall surface of the body 100 to be cracked along a preset direction, for example, the preset direction may be a direction parallel to a horizontal plane, or a direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane, or of course, other preset directions may also be provided, which is not limited herein. Each mounting hole 1 can be in the straight line distribution on predetermineeing the direction to can equidistant even setting, for example, the value range of the interval of two adjacent mounting holes 1 is 400mm ~ 600mm, for example: it may be 400mm, 450mm, 500mm, 550mm or 600mm, although other spacings are possible and are not listed here. The spacing of the mounting holes 1 can also be determined according to the geological type of the body 100 to be fractured. For example, the distance between two adjacent mounting holes 1 in the hard top plate may be 400-450 mm; the distance between two adjacent mounting holes 1 in the medium-hard top plate can be 450-500 mm; the distance between two adjacent mounting holes 1 in the soft top plate can be 500-600 mm; the distance between two adjacent mounting holes 1 in the composite top plate can be 450-600 mm.
The preset angle may be an angle between the drill and the wall surface of the body to be fractured 100 when the installation hole 1 is drilled, for example, the preset angle may be 10 ° to 25 °, for example, it may be 10 °, 15 °, 20 ° or 25 °, of course, other angles may also be used, and are not listed here.
The depth of each installation hole 1 may be determined according to the geological type of the body 100 to be fractured. For example, the depth of each installation hole 1 can be determined by the corresponding relationship between the mining height, the roof subsidence and floor heave of the body 100 to be cracked and the depth of the installation hole 1, for example, the corresponding relationship may be:
H＝(M-ΔH1-ΔH2)/(K-1)
wherein: h is the depth of the mounting hole 1, M is the mining height, Delta H1Is the amount of roof subsidence, Δ H2The floor heave amount and K is the residual coefficient of crushing and expansion.
As shown in fig. 1, in step S120, at least one expander 2 is installed in each of the installation holes 1, each of the energy-collecting holes 211 faces a to-be-fractured surface of the to-be-fractured body 100, and each of the expanders 2 in each of the installation holes 1 is connected by a lead.
As shown in fig. 4-5, the expander 2 may be a tubular structure, and may be provided with a plurality of energy-gathering holes 211 arranged side by side along the axial direction thereof, and may be placed in the body to be fractured 100, and may be used for directionally generating a single fracture surface in the body to be fractured 100. The bursting device 2 can be internally provided with a bursting agent 221, and a large amount of high-temperature gas can be generated within 0.05-0.5 s after the bursting agent 221 is triggered, so that the body to be cracked 100 is burst, the body to be cracked 100 is broken quickly, the project progress can be accelerated, and the time is saved.
The bursting agent 2 can be black cylindrical particles with the diameter of 3mm and the length of 7mm, and in one embodiment, the bursting agent is a mixture of pulverized coal, gangue powder, calcium peroxide powder and potassium perchlorate powder. Wherein the coal powder accounts for 30-45%, the coal gangue powder accounts for 25-40%, the calcium peroxide powder accounts for 15-35%, and the potassium perchlorate powder accounts for 5-15%.
Specifically, the expander 2 may comprise a collector tube 21, a filler tube 22, a first lead 24, a firing head 23, a second lead 25 and a third lead 26, wherein:
the energy-gathering pipe 21 can be of a tubular structure, the inner diameter of the energy-gathering pipe can be 36.5mm, the energy-gathering pipe can be a PVC pipe added with a flame-retardant material, a plurality of energy-gathering holes 211 are respectively arranged on two sides of the energy-gathering pipe 21, which are opposite to each other in the radial direction, each energy-gathering hole 211 can be arranged on the side wall of the energy-gathering pipe 21, each energy-gathering hole 211 can be uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the energy-gathering pipe 21 at equal intervals, during installation, each energy-gathering hole 211 can face the surface to be cracked of the body to be cracked 100, so that the consistent extrusion force received by the two sides of the energy-gathering pipe 21 is ensured, and the reliability of. Each energy gathering hole 211 may be a through hole, which may be in a circular shape, an oval shape, a rectangular shape, a polygonal shape, or other shapes, and in addition, the shape and the opening size of each energy gathering hole 211 may be equal, and the shape and the size of each energy gathering hole 211 are not particularly limited herein.
It should be noted that the number of concentrator holes 211 on both sides of the side wall of the concentrator tube 21 may be the same, and the plurality of concentrator holes 211 may be evenly distributed along the radial extension of the concentrator tube 21. The bursting agent 221 can be arranged in the energy-gathering pipe 21, and a large amount of high-temperature gas instantaneously generated after the bursting agent 221 is initiated can be uniformly discharged from the energy-gathering holes 211 at two sides of the energy-gathering pipe 21, so that the reliability of the bursting device 2 for directional bursting of the body 100 to be cracked can be improved, and the situation that the cracking surface of the rock or coal body deviates from the preset cracking surface can be avoided.
Since the bursting agent 221 is small in size and is difficult to fix directly in the energy concentrating tube 21, in order to fix the bursting agent 221 in the energy concentrating tube 21, the bursting agent 221 may be filled in the filler tube 22, and the filler tube 22 may be fixed in the energy concentrating tube 21, whereby the bursting agent 221 may be fixed in the energy concentrating tube 21. In one embodiment, the filler tube 22 may be a plastic film, and the diameter of the plastic film may be 32mm to 35mm, for example, 32mm, 33mm, 34mm or 32mm, which is not limited herein. It may be a film made of polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene or other high molecular materials. The bursting device 2 can be arranged in the film, the film is fixed in the energy-gathering tube 21 through the fixing piece 28, and in addition, the film is coated outside the bursting agent 221, so that the external moisture can be isolated, and the waterproof and moistureproof effects can be realized. The surface tension of the filler pipe 22 is smaller than the expansion force of the bursting agent 221 after initiation, so that the filler pipe 22 is broken, and a large amount of high-temperature gas generated after initiation of the bursting agent 221 can be discharged from the energy collecting holes 211 on two sides of the energy collecting pipe 21.
The trigger 23 may be an electric heating element such as a heating wire or a heating plate that generates heat when energized. For example, the initiation head 23 may be a copper sheet, and when the lead is energized, the temperature of the copper sheet will increase, thereby initiating the spalling agent 221.
Before the bursting agent 221 is filled into the filler tube 22, the initiating head 23, the first lead 24 and the second lead 25 can be put into the filler tube 22, the first lead 24 is led out from one end of the filler tube 22, and the second lead 25 is led out from the other end of the filler tube 22; then adjusting the initiation head 23, measuring the middle position of the filler tube 22 by using a ruler, so that the initiation head 23 is located at the middle position of the filler tube 22, and then sealing one end of the filler tube 22 with a thin iron wire or an aluminum wire; and then, loading the bursting agent 221, sealing the other end of the pipe after the bursting agent 221 is loaded, wherein the quantity of the loaded bursting agent 221 can be determined according to the strength of the lithology on site and the magnitude of the ground stress, for example, a single-fracture-surface instantaneous bursting device with 875g of the bursting agent 221 is adopted for sandstone, a single-fracture-surface instantaneous bursting device with 700g of the bursting agent 221 is adopted for limestone, a single-fracture-surface instantaneous bursting device with 525g of the bursting agent 221 is adopted for mudstone, a single-fracture-surface instantaneous bursting device with 370g of the bursting agent 221 is adopted for shale, and a single-fracture-surface instantaneous bursting device with 175g of the bursting agent 221 is adopted for coal.
The first lead 24, the second lead 25 and the third lead 26 are different in color, so that the leads can be distinguished conveniently, and the circuit connection error can be avoided. Lead placement in a single concentrator tube 21: a third lead 26 with a color (red, color, brown, green or white, etc.) different from that of the lead in the filler pipe 22 is selected and placed between the outer wall of the filler pipe 22 and the inner wall of the energy-gathering pipe 21, and the third lead 26 is a single line and is not connected with the initiating head 23; the first lead 24 and the second lead 25 are attached to the initiation head 2352, and the first lead 24, the second lead 25 and the initiation head 23 are connected to form a wire. After the first lead 24 or the second lead 25 is connected to the third lead 26 and the power source 200, the bursting agent 221 can be initiated. The first lead 24 and the second lead 25 may be mining wires.
In an embodiment, the expander 2 may further comprise a fastener 28, which may be provided on the concentrator tube 21, the fastener 28 may be used to form a stop for the filler tube 22 in the concentrator tube 21. At least two fixing elements 28 may be provided, which pass through the energy concentrating holes 211 corresponding to the two ends of the filler pipe 22, respectively, to form a limit for the filler pipe 22 in the radial direction of the energy concentrating pipe 21, for example, the fixing elements 28 may be iron wires, but of course, other elements may be used to limit the filler pipe 22, which is not listed here.
As shown in fig. 2, the filler tube 22 with the bursting agent 221 is placed in the middle of the energy-gathering tube 21, the fixing member 28 can be made of iron wire, the two ends of the wire are fixed by the energy-gathering holes 211, and the bursting agent 221 is fixed by the wire passing through the two energy-gathering holes 211 nearest to the two ends of the filler tube 22. Since the energy concentrating holes 211 are located on both symmetrical sides of the energy concentrating tube 21 and on the axial center plane of the energy concentrating tube 21, the diameter of the filler tube 22 is at least one-half larger than that of the energy concentrating tube 21.
The coupling medium 27 can be provided on both sides of the swelling agent 221, and the coupling medium 27 can be air, water, sand, soil, rock wool, paste, etc.
As shown in fig. 6, at least one expansion device 2 can be installed in each installation hole 1, and the number of the expansion devices 2 in the installation hole 1 can be determined according to the geological type of the body 100 to be fractured and the depth of the installation hole 1. When one expander 2 is installed in each installation hole 1, one of the first lead 24 or the second lead 25 needs to be connected with one end of the third lead 26 before the expander 2 is placed at the bottom of the installation hole 1. When the mounting hole 1 can be provided with a plurality of the expansion devices 2, the plurality of the expansion devices 2 can be sequentially arranged from front to back along the extending direction of the mounting hole 1, and each third lead 26 of each expansion device 2 can be communicated and can penetrate out from the opening of the mounting hole 1 and can be connected with the power supply 200. In two adjacent expanding devices 2, the second lead 25 of the front expanding device 2 can be connected with the first lead 24 of the rear expanding device 2, the first lead 24 of the expanding device 2 closest to the opening of the mounting hole 1 in each expanding device 2 can penetrate out of the mounting hole 1 and can be connected with the power supply 200, and the first lead 24 of the expanding device 2 closest to the opening of the mounting hole 1 in each expanding device 2 and the first lead 24 penetrating out of the opening of the mounting hole 1 can be respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power supply 200, so that the power supply 200 can be switched on to initiate the expanding agent 221 to expand.
For example, when a plurality of the expansion devices 2 are connected, a first expansion device 2 placed at the bottom of a drill hole needs to be connected with one end of a first lead 24 or a second lead 25 and one end of a third lead 26 before being placed at the bottom of the drill hole; one end of the first lead 24 or the second lead 25 of the second expander 2 is connected to the first second lead 25 or the first lead 24, and one end of the third lead 26 is connected to one end of the first third lead 26; the connection mode of the third single-fracture-surface instantaneous expansion device 2 to the Nth single-fracture-surface instantaneous expansion device 2 is the same as that of the second single-fracture-surface instantaneous expansion device.
As shown in fig. 7, the leads extending out of the openings of the mounting holes 1 can be connected in series and can be connected to the positive and negative poles of the power supply 200 through buses, so that the bursting devices 2 in the mounting holes 1 can be triggered simultaneously by driving the power supply 200, so that the mounting holes 1 can be burst instantaneously at the same time.
As shown in fig. 1, in step S130, energization is performed to initiate each of the expansion devices 2 so as to expand each of the expanding agents 221 in each of the expansion devices 2.
The first lead 24 and the third lead 26 penetrating through the mounting hole 1 can be respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the power supply 200, and the power supply 200 is switched on to electrify the first lead 24 and the third lead 26 penetrating through the mounting hole 1, so that the trigger heads 23 are triggered through the leads to burst each of the bursting elements 2.
As shown in fig. 1, in step S140, a cutting rate of each mounting hole 1 is detected and calculated, and the top cutting is completed when the cutting rate is within a preset range.
The length of the crack in each mounting hole 1 and the length of the energy-gathering pipe 21 section in each mounting hole 1 can be detected, the cutting rate of each mounting hole 1 is calculated according to the corresponding relation between the length of the crack and the cutting rate, the top cutting work is completed when the calculated cutting rate is within a preset range, and at the moment, the surface to be cracked is completely cracked.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, step S140 may include:
and step S1401, testing the crack length of the mounting hole 1 by using a drilling peeping instrument.
The length of the crack of each mounting hole 1 along the surface to be cracked can be tested by a drilling sight instrument, and of course, the length of the crack can also be tested by other equipment or devices, which are not listed here. A plurality of cracks can be arranged in one mounting hole 1, and in order to ensure the safety of constructors, the length of each crack can be tested, so that the potential safety hazard caused by the direction deviation of the energy gathering holes 211 during mounting is avoided.
Step S1402, the kerf ratio is calculated according to the corresponding relation between the kerf ratio and the crack length.
In one embodiment, the kerf rate may be the ratio of the length of the crack to the length of the section of the mounting hole 1 in which the concentrator tube 21 is installed. The length of the crack may be the length of the crack extending along the direction of the surface to be cracked in the mounting hole 1, or may be an average value of all lengths of the crack within a preset range of an included angle with the surface to be cracked, where the included angle may be 0 °, 5 °, 10 °, 15 °, 20 °, or 25 °, of course, other angles may also be used, and are not listed here.
Step S1403, comparing the calculated joint cutting rate with a preset range, completing topping when the joint cutting rate is within the preset range, reinstalling the spalling device 2 to the mounting hole 1 when the joint cutting rate is not within the preset range, and energizing the spalling device 2 to initiate.
The preset range may be a preset range, and the lancing rate of each mounting hole 1 in the preset range may be considered to be completely cracked, for example, the preset range may include a lancing rate greater than or equal to eighty percent. Calculating the cutting rate of each mounting hole 1, finishing top cutting when the cutting rate of each mounting hole 1 is more than or equal to eighty percent, when the cutting rate of any mounting hole 1 is not in the preset range, performing spalling again on the mounting hole 1 of which the cutting rate is not in the preset range until the cutting rate is in the preset range, and referring to the description for the spalling process, the description is omitted.
In order to prevent the bursting agent 221 from being ejected out of the opening of the mounting hole 1 during the bursting process and enable the bursting agent 221 to gather energy in the mounting hole 1, the method for directional topping of the single-fracture-surface instantaneous bursting device 2 in the embodiment of the disclosure can further comprise the following steps:
and S150, before the power is supplied to the spaller 2, sealing the mounting hole 1 by using stemming.
After the single-fracture-surface instantaneous spalling device 2 is installed, the stemming can be used for hole sealing, after the mounting hole 1 is sealed by the stemming, current initiation can be carried out on each spalling device 2 through a power supply 200 communicated with a lead of the spalling device 2, and the single-fracture-surface joint cutting test in the body 100 to be fractured is realized.
Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for directionally cutting a top of a single-fracture-surface instantaneous expander, wherein the expander is of a tubular structure and is provided with a plurality of energy-collecting holes arranged side by side along the axial direction of the expander, and the method for directionally cutting the top comprises the following steps:
forming a plurality of mounting holes which are arranged side by side along a preset direction in the body to be cracked according to a preset angle;
at least one expansion device is arranged in each mounting hole, each energy gathering hole faces to a to-be-cracked surface of the to-be-cracked body, and the expansion devices in the mounting holes are connected through leads;
electrifying to initiate each expansion device so as to expand each expansion agent in each expansion device;
and detecting and calculating the cutting rate of each mounting hole, and finishing top cutting when the cutting rate is in a preset range.
2. The method of directional topping of claim 1, further comprising:
and before the power is supplied to the spaller, sealing the mounting hole by using stemming.
3. The method of directional topping of claim 1 wherein the spaller comprises:
the energy gathering pipes are arranged on the side walls of the energy gathering pipes and are uniformly distributed at equal intervals along the axial direction of the energy gathering pipes;
the filling pipe is arranged in the energy collecting pipe and is used for filling the bursting agent;
the first lead and the second lead are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the trigger head and are respectively led out from two ends of the filler tube;
and the third lead penetrates through the energy-gathering tube, is positioned between the outer wall of the filler tube and the inner wall of the energy-gathering tube, and is connected with the first lead or the second lead.
4. The method for directional roof cutting according to claim 3, wherein each mounting hole comprises a plurality of the expanding devices, the expanding devices are sequentially arranged from front to back along the extending direction of the mounting hole, and each third lead of each expanding device is communicated and penetrates out of the opening of the mounting hole;
in two adjacent expanding devices, a second lead of the front expanding device is connected with a first lead of the rear expanding device, and the first lead of the expanding device, which is closest to the opening of the mounting hole, in each expanding device penetrates out of the mounting hole.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the predetermined range comprises greater than or equal to eighty percent.
6. The method of directional roof cutting as claimed in claim 1, wherein said detecting and calculating a kerf rate for each of said mounting holes, said performing roof cutting when said kerf rate is within a predetermined range comprises:
testing the crack length of the mounting hole by adopting a drilling peeping instrument;
calculating the joint cutting rate according to the corresponding relation between the joint cutting rate and the crack length;
and comparing the calculated joint cutting rate with a preset range, finishing top cutting when the joint cutting rate is in the preset range, reinstalling the spalling device to the mounting hole when the joint cutting rate is not in the preset range, and electrifying the spalling device for initiation.
7. The method of directional topping of claim 1 wherein the energy focusing tube comprises two rows of energy focusing holes and two rows of the energy focusing holes are diametrically disposed on a sidewall of the energy focusing tube.
8. The method of directional topping of claim 1 wherein the shaped holes are through holes.
9. The method for directional roof cutting according to claim 1, wherein the preset angle is an included angle between a drill bit and the wall surface of the body to be cracked, and the preset angle is 10-25 degrees.
10. The method for directional roof cutting according to claim 1, wherein the distance between every two mounting holes is equal, and the distance between every two adjacent mounting holes ranges from 400mm to 600 mm.
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