CN110892729A - 媒体内容传送 - Google Patents

媒体内容传送 Download PDF

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CN110892729A
CN110892729A CN201880033025.8A CN201880033025A CN110892729A CN 110892729 A CN110892729 A CN 110892729A CN 201880033025 A CN201880033025 A CN 201880033025A CN 110892729 A CN110892729 A CN 110892729A
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stream
recording
clients
viewing
content
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安德鲁·奥尔森
马修·乔恩·马什
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Sky CP Ltd
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Abstract

网络记录缓存基于观看和记录请求的组合，对于家庭媒体内容传送进行优先级排序。用于观看的内容可以优先于要记录的内容。正在观看的内容的缓存的内容(例如，用于特技播放)可以优先于记录。这样，减少了带宽受限对用户查看和记录所请求内容的能力的影响。

Description

媒体内容传送
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于将媒体内容传送到一个或多个本地媒体接收设备的系统。
背景技术
在诸如PVR(个人视频记录器)的常规广播接收和记录设备中，该设备能够同时接收多个媒体内容流。这些流中的一个或多个可以被实时观看和/或记录以供以后观看。能够同时接收和解码的流的数量可以由设备中的调谐器/解码器的数量来确定。广播媒体本身的带宽足以同时承载所有可用的媒体内容流。
IPTV(互联网协议电视)接收器可以通过互联网连接接收一个或多个媒体内容流。流的数量和/或带宽受限于互联网连接的可用带宽。因此，与广播PVR相比，IPTV接收器能够同时显示和/或记录的流相对较少。
US-A-2007/0104456公开了一种根据资源可用性在用户设备或网络记录设备上选择性记录的方法。当有足够的资源时可将记录在网络记录设备上的节目传送到用户设备，或者可将记录在网络记录设备上的节目作为VOD(视频点播)回放。
发明内容
根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种网络记录缓存，该网络记录缓存基于来自媒体客户端的观看和记录请求的组合(例如，IPTV)，对于家庭媒体内容传送进行优先级排序。用于观看的媒体内容可以优先于要记录的媒体内容。正在观看的媒体内容的缓存的内容(例如，用于特技播放)可以优先于记录。这样，减少了带宽受限对用户查看和记录所请求内容的能力的影响。
网络记录缓存优选地缓存可以在多个不同家庭之间共享、并且依据网络拓扑位于这些家庭之外的内容。任何家庭不再需要的缓存内容可以被删除。这可以减少网络记录缓存的存储要求。替代地或附加地，可以依照防止永久记录缓存内容的权限管理策略。
在本发明的上下文中，“家庭”一词不限于家庭场所；本发明也适用于商业或其他场所。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供了一种通过带宽受限的网络连接将多个媒体内容流传送到一个或多个客户端的方法，该方法包括：从一个或多个客户端接收至少一个观看请求和至少一个记录请求；通过带宽受限的网络连接，响应于至少一个观看请求传送至少一个观看流，响应于至少一个记录请求传送至少一个记录流；其中，至少一个观看流的传送优先于至少一个记录流的传送。
附图说明
现在仅通过举例的方式，参考下面标识的附图，对本发明的实施例进行详细描述。
图1是本发明的实施例的第一应用示例中的内容传送网络(CDN)的简图。
图2是第二应用示例中的CDN的简图。
图3是说明内容存储策略操作的CDN的一部分的简图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了本发明实施例的CDN，其中，媒体内容信号经由卫星1广播、由地面站2接收并且由信号获取级3获取，该信号获取级将广播信道解码为多个内容流，例如对应于广播电视和/或音频频道。通过一个或多个编码器4将内容流转换为IP(互联网协议)广播流。到目前为止，该布置表示常规的卫星到IP(Sat>IP)广播系统，作为可以应用于本发明实施例的系统的示例。然而，本发明不限于Sat>IP系统或IP广播系统。
在该实施例中，IP流由弹性缓存5接收，该弹性缓存5临时记录(例如，缓存或缓冲器)来自IP流的一些或全部媒体内容。例如，弹性缓存5可以在诸如给定的分钟或小时数的预定时间段内记录所有频道中的所有节目。替代地或附加地，弹性缓存5可以接收已收集的与将来要记录的预定节目相关的来自用户的记录请求，并且可以在接收到相应流时记录那些预定节目。
弹性缓存5记录的媒体内容可以被提供给CDN缓存6，该CDN缓存6通过诸如因特网的网络8向单独的家庭9提供媒体内容流。
每个家庭9可以包括一个或多个IPTV客户端设备9a、9b、9c，其可以经由局域网(LAN)连接至网络8，例如经由家庭宽带连接10连接至网络8。因此，家庭宽带连接10到网络8的可用带宽可以在IPTV客户端设备9a、9b、9c与家庭9内的任何其他IP客户端设备之间共享。
IPTV客户端设备9a、9b、9c可以向流管理服务器7请求一个或多个实时流和/或一个或多个记录流，该流管理服务器7管理针对CDN缓存6的流请求以及CDN缓存6的流提供。在图1所示的示例中，第一和第三IPTV客户端设备9a，9c是仅观看客户端，其请求相应的观看流VI和V3。第二IPTV客户端设备9b是观看和记录客户端，其能够例如在本地存储设备上请求并同时接收用于观看和记录的流。第一和第三IPTV客户端设备9a、9c可以通过LAN回放由第二IPTV客户端设备9b存储的记录。
流管理服务器7接收对特定观看和记录流的请求，该流管理服务器7以IP流的形式向IPTV客户端设备9a、9b、9c提供对于来自CDN缓存6的相应内容的访问。可以使用诸如HTML5平滑流、DASH(HTTP上的动态自适应流)、HLS(HTTP实时流)的IP流协议来提供IP流，其中流作为片段而不是作为整体文件的形式传送，并且向流中的不同点提供随机访问。根据可用带宽，IP流协议可以允许较低质量的媒体流(各种流)。
如上所述，将针对将来预定记录的请求传送到弹性缓存5以进行记录。
在图1所示的示例中，第二IPTV客户端设备请求一个观看流V2和三个同时记录流R1、R2、R3。因此，家庭9对总共六个同时的内容流的需求超过了家庭9可用的带宽。为了克服该带宽限制，流管理服务器7确定向家庭9传送观看流V1、V2、V3和记录流R1、R2、R3的优先级。流管理服务器7可以预先确定家庭9可用的带宽，或者可以从客户端设备9a、9b、9c在检索流的片段和/或CDN缓存6在传送这些片段的行为中检测可用带宽。
在第一种示例下，观看流V1、V2、V3的传送可以优先于记录流R1、R2、R3的传送，以使得观看流V1、V2、V3能够应要求并且没有实质性延迟被传送到IPTV客户端设备9a、9b、9c。
流管理服务器7可以使用不同的传送技术确定传送不同记录流R1、R2、R3的优先级。例如，第一、高优先级记录流R1可以实时地(即，具有观看所需的全部带宽)被传送，例如使用经由清单的下拉。第二、中优先级记录流R2可以非实时(即，具有比观看所需的带宽低的带宽)传送，再次使用经由清单的下拉。第三、低优先级记录流R3可以由流管理服务器7排队，直到家庭9有足够的带宽可用于待传送的低优先级记录流R3为止。那时可将记录流R3的优先级提升为中优先级(非实时传送)或高优先级(实时传送)。
可以根据一个或多个标准来确定不同记录R1、R2、R3的优先级，例如根据记录请求的时间(例如，较早的记录请求优先于较后的请求，反之亦然)、节目类型、明确或推断的用户或家庭偏好或网络确定的优先级。
IPTV客户端设备9a、9b、9c可以例如通过切换到观看先前请求记录的流来改变观看流。图2示出了第三IPTV客户端设备9c从第三观看流切换到请求观看第三记录流R3的情况。在此之前，如图1所示，第三记录流R3已排队、但尚未传送到家庭9。因此，流管理服务器7将第三记录流R3作为观看流重新确定其优先级，使得其实时传送到第三IPTV客户端设备9c。不再需要第三观看流V3，将其从待由流管理服务器7向家庭9传送的流的集合中移除(尽管该流仍然可以作为观看或记录流被传送到其他家庭)。第一记录流R1被降低到中优先级(非实时传送)，第二记录流R2被降低到低优先级(排队)。
为了允许诸如暂停和倒带或快速转发内容流的特技播放模式，IPTV客户端设备9a、9b、9c中的一个或多个可以在家庭9中本地缓存观看流V1、V2、V3，例如，在第二个启用记录的IPTV客户端设备9b中缓存。在观看流V1、V2、V3已经作为记录流被预先接收的情况下，先前本地记录的内容可以作为倒带内容提供给请求IPTV客户端设备9a、9b、9c。但是，如图2所示的场景，如果先前请求的记录流R1、R2、R3排队，则当先前请求的记录流随后被请求作为查看流时，该流的内容不能在本地缓存以允许倒带。
为了解决这种情况，流管理服务器7将来自第三记录流R3(现在是观看流)的在先内容的传送优先于诸如第一记录流R1和第二记录流R2之类的其他记录流。然后，该在先内容在本地缓存或缓冲，使得第三IPTV客户端设备9c的用户可以倒带或向后跳过观看点以观看该在先内容。如果用户请求本地未缓存内容的新的观看点，则可以为该观看点之前的内容提供在先内容的传送。这样，可以为先前未在本地记录的内容提供特技播放模式。
在家庭9没有足够的带宽可用以提供高质量的所有请求的观看流V1、V2、V3的情况下，可以以较低的质量提供观看流V1、V2、V3中的一个或多个，例如使用变体流。
图3说明了弹性缓存5和/或CDN缓存6所应用的缓存策略。出于向IPTV客户端设备9a、9b、9c传送的目的，这些缓存5、6临时存储内容，特别是用于已经从IPTV客户端设备9a、9b、9c接收到记录请求但由于相应家庭9的带宽限制而延迟请求内容的传送的内容。
流管理服务器7从多个家庭的IPTV客户端设备9a、9b、9c接收观看和记录请求，并确定何时已经传送所请求的内容。如果未收到针对特定内容项(例如节目)的记录请求，则该内容项不会缓存在缓存5、6中。如果已经接收到针对特定内容项的一个或多个记录请求，则在将内容项传送到请求记录该内容项的所有IPTV客户端设备后，从缓存中删除该内容项。可以将相同的方法应用于内容项的片段：如果片段已传送给所有IPTV客户端设备，则即使该内容项的其他片段尚未传送，也可以从缓存5、6中删除该片段。这样，内容项被临时缓存，但是不会永久地记录在缓存5、6中。
在内容项仅被部分记录在家庭9中的情况下，例如，由于观看者在内容项中向前跳过，或者由于网络拥塞，部分内容项仅以较低的质量被传送，可以按照流管理服务器7所确定的优先级将内容项的丢失片段下拉到家庭。然后，允许从缓存5、6中删除内容。
替代实施例
在阅读本申请时可以设想替代实施例，但是其落入所附权利要求的范围内。

Claims (15)

1.一种经由家庭的带宽受限网络连接向所述家庭中的一个或多个客户端传送多个媒体内容流的方法，所述方法包括：
a)从所述一个或多个客户端接收对要观看的媒体内容的一个或多个观看请求以及对要记录的媒体内容的一个或多个记录请求；
b)通过所述带宽受限网络连接，传送包含要观看的所述媒体内容的一个或多个观看流和包含要记录的所述媒体内容的一个或多个记录流；
其中，至少一个所述观看流的传送优先于至少一个所述记录流的传送；并且
至少一个所述记录流的所述媒体内容在通过所述带宽受限的网络连接传送之前被缓存。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，通过将一个或多个所述记录流作为非实时流进行传送，使得所述至少一个观看流的传送优先于所述至少一个记录流的传送。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，通过将所述至少一个记录流的传送排列等待，使得所述至少一个观看流的传送优先于所述至少一个记录流的传送。
4.根据任何前述权利要求的方法，包括：对通过所述带宽受限连接进行传送的多个所述记录流进行优先级排序。
5.根据任何前述权利要求的方法，包括：响应于来自一个或多个所述客户端的至少一个所述观看请求的改变，以高于所述至少一个记录流的传送的优先级传送与所述改变相对应的至少一个观看流。
6.根据任何前述权利要求的方法，包括：以高于所述至少一个记录流的传送的优先级，通过所述网络连接传送所述至少一个观看流的在先内容。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，如果所述在先内容在所述家庭中不可用，则经由所述网络连接传送所述在先内容。
8.根据任何前述权利要求的方法，包括：在传送所述缓存的媒体内容之后，将其删除。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中，将所述缓存的媒体内容记录在存储多个家庭的客户端请求的媒体内容的缓存中，并且在所述缓存的媒体内容传送给每个所述客户端之后将其删除。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中，所述缓存的媒体内容被记录为多个片段，并且在将缓存内容的每个片段传送到每个所述客户端之后，从所述缓存中删除所述片段。
11.一种将请求的媒体内容项传送到多个客户端的方法，所述方法包括：
a)从所述多个客户端接收与所述内容项有关的传送请求；
b)在缓存中缓存所述内容项；
c)在包括多个片段的各个媒体流中，将所述缓存的内容项传递给所述多个客户端；以及
d)在将所述缓存的内容项的片段传送到多个客户端中的每个客户端之后，从所述缓存中删除所述片段。
12.一种配置成执行任何前述权利要求的方法的装置。
13.一种计算机程序产品，包括配置成执行权利要求1至11中的任一项所述的方法的程序代码装置。
14.一种用于通过带宽受限网络连接将多个媒体内容流传送到一个或多个客户端的系统，该系统包括：
a)用于存储媒体内容的缓存；以及
b)流管理器，用于响应观看和记录请求，使所述媒体内容作为媒体内容流可用；以及
c)通过带宽受限网络连接连接至所述流管理器的一个或多个媒体客户端；
其中，所述流管理器被配置为从所述一个或多个客户端接收至少一个观看请求和至少一个记录请求，并且通过所述带宽受限网络连接向所述一个或多个客户端提供与所述至少一个观看请求相对应的至少一个观看流和与所述至少一个记录请求相对应的至少一个记录流，其中所述至少一个观看流的传送优先于所述至少一个记录流的传送。
15.一种用于向多个客户端传送所请求的媒体内容项的系统，所述系统包括：
a)流管理器，用于从多个客户端接收与所述内容项有关的传送请求；以及
b)缓存，用于缓存所述内容项，并在包括多个片段的各个媒体流中，将所述缓存的内容项传送给所述多个客户端；在将所述缓存的内容项的片段传送给多个所述客户端中的每个所述客户端之后，删除所述片段。
CN201880033025.8A 2017-05-12 2018-05-10 媒体内容传送 Pending CN110892729A (zh)

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