CN110890163A - Spent fuel cooling system - Google Patents
Spent fuel cooling system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110890163A CN110890163A CN201811042172.XA CN201811042172A CN110890163A CN 110890163 A CN110890163 A CN 110890163A CN 201811042172 A CN201811042172 A CN 201811042172A CN 110890163 A CN110890163 A CN 110890163A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- spent fuel
- water
- water injection
- heat exchange
- pipe
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/18—Emergency cooling arrangements; Removing shut-down heat
- G21C15/182—Emergency cooling arrangements; Removing shut-down heat comprising powered means, e.g. pumps
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C19/00—Arrangements for treating, for handling, or for facilitating the handling of, fuel or other materials which are used within the reactor, e.g. within its pressure vessel
- G21C19/02—Details of handling arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention discloses a spent fuel cooling system, which comprises: the system comprises a bottom water injection system, a top water pumping system and a heat exchange system, wherein the top water pumping system and the bottom water injection system are respectively connected with the heat exchange system, the top water pumping system pumps water from the top of the spent fuel pool and sends the water to the heat exchange system for heat exchange, and the bottom water injection system injects cooling water subjected to heat exchange of the heat exchange system into the spent fuel pool from the bottom of the spent fuel pool, so that the spent fuel can be prevented and relieved from being melted during high-temperature water injection of the spent pool; further, bottom water injection system includes the water injection pipe network, and it includes a plurality of water outlet pipe mouths, and an installation has all been seted up to the bottom of each spent fuel subassembly the water injection hole of water outlet pipe mouth, the coolant that so injects into the bottom of each spent fuel subassembly through the water injection pipe network, has avoided the spent fuel to melt and the radioactivity releases life and property safety to the environment harm resident.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of nuclear power, in particular to a spent fuel cooling system for preventing and relieving the melting of spent fuel during high-temperature water injection in a spent pool.
Background
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a spent fuel cooling system used in a conventional nuclear power plant. In fig. 1, 101 denotes a spent fuel rack, 102 denotes a spent fuel pool, 103 denotes a spent fuel assembly, 104 denotes a circulation cooling water injection pipe, 105 denotes a circulation cooling water injection pump, 106 denotes a heat exchanger, 107 denotes a water supply valve, and 108 denotes a water suction pipe. The spent fuel cooling system used by the current nuclear power plant adopts a single-point injection coolant on the upper part of a spent fuel pool or the upper part of the side wall of the spent fuel pool, and the coolant is pumped from the lower part of the spent fuel pool, sent back to a heat exchanger for cooling and then injected into the spent fuel pool through a circulating cooling pump. The fatal disadvantage of using single-point injection of coolant in the upper part of the spent fuel pool or the upper part of the side wall of the spent fuel pool is that: when the nuclear power plant is in power failure or the circulating cooling pump fails, the coolant in the spent fuel pool is evaporated and exhausted by the waste heat of the spent fuel, the temperature of the spent fuel cladding is higher than 800 ℃, and then the spent fuel pool is heated, the coolant injected into the upper part of the spent fuel pool or the upper part of the side wall at a single point is quickly vaporized near the injection point, and the vaporized steam directly rises to enter the upper space of the spent fuel pool plant and cannot effectively cool the spent fuel. In addition, the spent fuel without injected coolant on the top of other spent fuels is melted rapidly, the pressure in the spent fuel pool plant is increased rapidly to exceed the design limit value, so that the plant is invalid, and the radioactivity is released to the environment completely, thus endangering the life and property safety of the residents in the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a spent fuel cooling system capable of preventing and relieving the melting of spent fuel during high-temperature water injection in a spent fuel pool, aiming at the defect that coolant injected at a single point at the upper part of a spent fuel pool or the upper part of a side wall is quickly vaporized near an injection point when the nuclear power plant is in power failure or a circulating cooling pump fails in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: constructing a spent fuel cooling system comprising: bottom water injection system, top pumping system and heat exchange system, top pumping system and bottom water injection system connect respectively heat exchange system, top pumping system draws water and sends to heat exchange system and carry out the heat transfer from the top in spent fuel pond, bottom water injection system will cooling water after the heat exchange system heat transfer is followed the bottom in spent fuel pond is injected into the spent fuel pond.
Preferably, the bottom water injection system comprises a water injection pipe network, the water injection pipe network is buried in the bottom of the spent fuel pool, the water injection pipe network is provided with a water inlet pipe mouth and a plurality of water outlet pipe mouths, the water inlet pipe mouth is connected with the heat exchange system, and each water outlet pipe mouth is arranged at the bottom of a corresponding spent fuel assembly.
Preferably, the bottom of each spent fuel assembly is provided with a water injection hole for installing the water outlet pipe nozzle.
Preferably, the heat exchange system comprises a heat exchanger, and a circulating cooling water injection pump for pumping cooling water in the heat exchanger to the water injection pipe network is arranged on a pipeline connected with the water inlet pipe port of the heat exchanger.
Preferably, a water replenishing pipe which is put into use when the circulating cooling water injection pump is unavailable or in case of a power failure accident in a whole plant is further arranged at the upstream of the circulating cooling water injection pump, a first valve is arranged on the water replenishing pipe, and the water replenishing pipe is used for actively or passively injecting water.
Preferably, the heat exchange system comprises a heat exchanger, the top pumping system comprises a pumping pipe, and a second valve is arranged on a pipeline connected with the heat exchanger and the pumping pipe.
The spent fuel cooling system has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the circulating cooling and water injection of the spent fuel are realized by injecting water from the bottom through the bottom water injection system and pumping water from the top through the top water pumping system, so that the spent fuel can be prevented and relieved from melting during high-temperature water injection of the spent pool; further preferred, bottom water injection system includes the water injection pipe network, and it includes a plurality of water outlet pipe mouths, and an installation has all been seted up to each spent fuel storage rack bottom water injection hole of water outlet pipe mouth, the coolant that so injects into the bottom of each spent fuel subassembly through the water injection pipe network, rises fast along with the water injection water level, vaporizes for steam and through the clearance between the spent fuel rod and the clearance between the spent fuel subassembly fast with the coolant of high temperature spent fuel contact fast earlier, takes away the temperature of spent fuel at the steam that the clearance rises fast. Along with the continuous rising of the water level of the injected coolant, the spent fuel assemblies are continuously cooled by steam and the coolant from the bottom to the top until the spent fuel assemblies are submerged by the coolant, so that the spent fuel is prevented from being melted and radioactive to be released to the environment, and the life and property safety of environment residents is prevented from being damaged.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a spent fuel cooling system used in a nuclear power plant;
FIG. 2 is a first schematic structural diagram of the spent fuel cooling system of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a spent fuel cooling system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It is noted that the word "connected" or "connecting" does not only encompass the direct connection of two entities, but also the indirect connection via other entities with beneficial and improved effects.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
The terms including ordinal numbers such as "first", "second", and the like used in the present specification may be used to describe various components, but the components are not limited by the terms. These terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one constituent element from other constituent elements. For example, a first component may be named a second component, and similarly, a second component may also be named a first component, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
The general idea of the invention is as follows: constructing a spent fuel cooling system comprising: bottom water injection system, top pumping system and heat exchange system, top pumping system and bottom water injection system connect respectively heat exchange system, top pumping system draws water and sends to heat exchange system and carry out the heat transfer from the top in spent fuel pond, bottom water injection system will cooling water after the heat exchange system heat transfer is followed the bottom in spent fuel pond is injected into the spent fuel pond.
In order to better understand the technical solutions, the technical solutions will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments of the specification, and it should be understood that the embodiments and specific features of the embodiments of the present invention are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the present application, and are not limited to the technical solutions of the present application, and the technical features of the embodiments and examples of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 2-3, fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view and fig. 3 is a top view. In one specific embodiment, the spent fuel cooling system comprises: a bottom water injection system 201, a top water pumping system 202 and a heat exchange system 203.
The top water pumping system 202 and the bottom water injection system 201 are respectively connected to the heat exchange system 203, the top water pumping system 202 pumps water from the top of the spent fuel water pool 208 and sends the pumped water to the heat exchange system 203 for heat exchange, and the bottom water injection system 201 injects cooling water after heat exchange of the heat exchange system 203 into the spent fuel water pool 208 from the bottom of the spent fuel water pool 208.
Specifically, the bottom water injection system 201 includes a water injection pipe network, the water injection pipe network is buried in the bottom of the spent fuel pool 208, the water injection pipe network has an inlet pipe mouth and a plurality of outlet pipe mouths, the inlet pipe mouth with the heat exchange system 203 is connected, each outlet pipe mouth sets up in the bottom of a corresponding spent fuel component. More specifically, a plurality of spent fuel storage racks 207 are disposed in the spent fuel pool 208, and each spent fuel storage rack 207 stores one or more spent fuel assemblies. In this embodiment, a water injection hole 2071 for installing a water outlet pipe of a water injection pipe network is formed at the bottom of each spent fuel assembly. As can be seen from fig. 3, the water injection pipe network includes a main pipe and a plurality of branch pipes respectively connected to different positions of the main pipe, the main pipe is provided with the water inlet and connected to the heat exchange system 203, the plurality of branch pipes are arranged side by side and perpendicular to the main pipe, each branch pipe is provided with a plurality of water outlets, and each water outlet is correspondingly connected to a water injection hole 2071 at the bottom of the spent fuel assembly. Therefore, each spent fuel assembly can be ensured to acquire the cooling water.
Specifically, the heat exchange system 203 comprises a heat exchanger, and a circulating cooling water injection pump 204 for pumping cooling water in the heat exchanger to the water injection pipe network is arranged on a pipeline connected with a water inlet pipe of the water injection pipe network of the heat exchanger. And a water replenishing pipe 206 is further arranged at the upstream of the circulating cooling water injection pump 204, and a first valve 205 is arranged on the water replenishing pipe 206. The water replenishing pipe 206 is used when the circulating cooling water injection pump 204 is unavailable or in case of a power outage accident of a whole plant, so as to obtain cooling water from the outside to replenish the cooling water into the whole spent fuel cooling system, and the first valve 205 is used for controlling whether the water replenishing pipe 206 activates a water replenishing function. Wherein, the water supplementing pipe 206 can adopt active or passive mode to inject water.
Specifically, the top pumping system 202 includes one or more pumping pipes, and a second valve 203 is disposed on a pipe connecting the heat exchanger and the pumping pipe, and when the second valve 203 is opened, water in the pumping pipe flows into the heat exchanger.
It should be noted that the water or cooling water in the present invention is not limited to water in the general sense, but represents all liquids having the effect of a coolant.
In summary, the spent fuel cooling system of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the circulating cooling and water injection of the spent fuel are realized by injecting water from the bottom through the bottom water injection system and pumping water from the top through the top water pumping system, so that the spent fuel can be prevented and relieved from melting during high-temperature water injection of the spent pool; further preferred, bottom water injection system includes the water injection pipe network, and it includes a plurality of water outlet pipe mouths, and an installation has all been seted up to each spent fuel assembly's bottom water injection hole water outlet pipe mouth, and the coolant that so injects is injected into each spent fuel assembly's bottom through the water injection pipe network, and along with the water injection water level risees fast, the coolant that contacts with high temperature spent fuel earlier vaporizes fast for steam and rises fast through the clearance between the spent fuel rod and the clearance between the spent fuel assembly, has taken away the temperature of spent fuel at the steam that the clearance rises fast. Along with the continuous rising of the water level of the injected coolant, the spent fuel assemblies are continuously cooled by steam and the coolant from the bottom to the top until the spent fuel assemblies are submerged by the coolant, so that the spent fuel is prevented from being melted and radioactive to be released to the environment, and the life and property safety of environment residents is prevented from being damaged.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A spent fuel cooling system, comprising: bottom water injection system, top pumping system and heat exchange system, top pumping system and bottom water injection system connect respectively heat exchange system, top pumping system draws water and sends to heat exchange system and carry out the heat transfer from the top in spent fuel pond, bottom water injection system will cooling water after the heat exchange system heat transfer is followed the bottom in spent fuel pond is injected into the spent fuel pond.
2. The spent fuel cooling system according to claim 1, wherein the bottom water injection system comprises a water injection pipe network buried at the bottom of the spent fuel pool, the water injection pipe network has an inlet pipe and a plurality of outlet pipes, the inlet pipe is connected to the heat exchange system, and each outlet pipe is disposed at the bottom of a corresponding spent fuel assembly.
3. The spent fuel cooling system according to claim 2, wherein the bottom of each spent fuel assembly is provided with a water injection hole for installing the water outlet nozzle.
4. The spent fuel cooling system according to claim 2, wherein the heat exchange system comprises a heat exchanger, and a circulating cooling water injection pump for pumping cooling water in the heat exchanger to the water injection pipe network is arranged on a pipeline of the heat exchanger connected with the water inlet pipe.
5. The spent fuel cooling system according to claim 4, wherein a water supply pipe is further provided upstream of the circulating cooling water injection pump, the water supply pipe being put into use when the circulating cooling water injection pump is not available or in case of a station blackout accident, the water supply pipe being provided with a first valve, the water supply pipe being supplied with water in an active or passive manner.
6. The spent fuel cooling system according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange system comprises a heat exchanger, the top pumping system comprises a pumping pipe, and a second valve is arranged on a pipeline of the heat exchanger connected with the pumping pipe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811042172.XA CN110890163A (en) | 2018-09-07 | 2018-09-07 | Spent fuel cooling system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811042172.XA CN110890163A (en) | 2018-09-07 | 2018-09-07 | Spent fuel cooling system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110890163A true CN110890163A (en) | 2020-03-17 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811042172.XA Pending CN110890163A (en) | 2018-09-07 | 2018-09-07 | Spent fuel cooling system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN110890163A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112361948A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-12 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Heating device for simulating different temperature control of fuel rod-spent pool |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102831942A (en) * | 2012-08-28 | 2012-12-19 | 中广核工程有限公司 | Emergency cooling system of spent fuel pool of nuclear power station |
| KR20140058544A (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2014-05-14 | 웨스팅하우스 일렉트릭 컴퍼니 엘엘씨 | Power generation from decay heat for spent nuclear fuel pool cooling and monitoring |
| JP2014114981A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2014-06-26 | Hitachi-Ge Nuclear Energy Ltd | Static cooling system |
| CN104051034A (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2014-09-17 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Spent fuel circulating cooling system |
| CN205177415U (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-04-20 | 中广核工程有限公司 | Active heat pipe cooling system of spent fuel pool of nuclear power plant non - |
-
2018
- 2018-09-07 CN CN201811042172.XA patent/CN110890163A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20140058544A (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2014-05-14 | 웨스팅하우스 일렉트릭 컴퍼니 엘엘씨 | Power generation from decay heat for spent nuclear fuel pool cooling and monitoring |
| CN102831942A (en) * | 2012-08-28 | 2012-12-19 | 中广核工程有限公司 | Emergency cooling system of spent fuel pool of nuclear power station |
| JP2014114981A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2014-06-26 | Hitachi-Ge Nuclear Energy Ltd | Static cooling system |
| CN104051034A (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2014-09-17 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Spent fuel circulating cooling system |
| CN205177415U (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-04-20 | 中广核工程有限公司 | Active heat pipe cooling system of spent fuel pool of nuclear power plant non - |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 孙汉虹等: "《第三代核电技术AP1000》", 30 September 2010 * |
| 广东核电培训中心: "《900MW压水堆核电站系统与设备》", 31 March 2005 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112361948A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-12 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Heating device for simulating different temperature control of fuel rod-spent pool |
| CN112361948B (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2022-02-22 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Heating device for simulating different temperature control of fuel rod-spent pool |
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Application publication date: 20200317 |
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