CN110889168A - Corrosion evaluation method for scrapped automobile disassembly - Google Patents
Corrosion evaluation method for scrapped automobile disassembly Download PDFInfo
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- CN110889168A CN110889168A CN201911123233.XA CN201911123233A CN110889168A CN 110889168 A CN110889168 A CN 110889168A CN 201911123233 A CN201911123233 A CN 201911123233A CN 110889168 A CN110889168 A CN 110889168A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a corrosion evaluation method for disassembly of a scraped car, which comprises the following steps: (1) collecting basic information related to corrosion of the scrapped vehicle; (2) washing the scraped car to remove surface rust, mud and dust and foreign matters, and after drying, evaluating the corrosion state of the whole car before disassembly; (3) disassembling the scraped car, including pre-disassembling, disassembling a general assembly and disassembling a car body; (4) carry out the corrosion rating to the metal aggregate spare after disassembling and automobile body panel beating, then carry out the corrosion evaluation, including three aspects: metal assembly: analyzing the corrosion type, and carrying out anatomical analysis on the parts with internal corrosion; vehicle body panel beating: carrying out corrosion evaluation on the vehicle body manufacturing process, wherein the corrosion evaluation comprises electrophoretic film thickness, materials, structures and manufacturing processes; test: and (4) slicing the corroded area, and carrying out corrosion depth, corrosion area, corrosion morphology and XRD test. The invention provides a reverse reference for the development and design of new products through qualitative corrosion evaluation and quantitative corrosion evaluation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of computer aided design of automobiles, and particularly relates to a corrosion evaluation method for disassembly of a scrapped automobile.
Background
The corrosion prevention of automobiles is a long-standing problem in the automobile industry. The traditional automobile corrosion-resistant agent has the advantages that the traditional automobile corrosion-resistant agent is used for solving the problems that the appearance and the performance of the automobile are seriously influenced, and the complete challenge is provided for the corrosion resistance of the automobile.
China generates millions of scrapped automobiles every year, most of the automobiles are directly scrapped, and a few automobiles are subjected to material recycling treatment, but related research is not carried out before recycling and scrapping, so that the method is huge in resource waste. The research cost can be greatly reduced by researching the scraped car, and the scraped car belongs to the extreme failure condition in aspects of appearance, function, corrosion performance and the like, thereby having great significance for research.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new corrosion evaluation method for dismantling of scrap cars.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a corrosion evaluation method for disassembly of a scraped car, which can identify the corrosion conditions of cars in different areas and different corrosion environments, discover hidden corrosion problems, comprehensively understand the corrosion conditions of the cars, provide reverse reference for development and design of new products through qualitative corrosion evaluation and quantitative corrosion evaluation, and provide a solution for corrosion maintenance in the after-market.
The invention discloses a corrosion evaluation method for disassembly of a scraped car, which comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting corrosion information: collecting basic information related to corrosion of the scrapped vehicle;
(2) pretreatment: washing the scraped car to remove surface rust, mud and dust and foreign matters, and after drying, evaluating the corrosion state of the whole car before disassembly;
(3) disassembling: disassembling the scraped car, including pre-disassembling, disassembling a general assembly and disassembling a car body;
(4) corrosion evaluation: carry out the corrosion rating to the metal aggregate spare after disassembling and automobile body panel beating, then carry out the corrosion evaluation, including three aspects:
metal assembly: analyzing the corrosion type, and carrying out anatomical analysis on the parts with internal corrosion;
vehicle body panel beating: carrying out corrosion evaluation on the vehicle body manufacturing process, wherein the corrosion evaluation comprises electrophoretic film thickness, materials, structures and manufacturing processes;
test: and (4) slicing the corroded area, and carrying out corrosion depth, corrosion area, corrosion morphology and XRD (X-ray diffraction) tests.
Further, in the step (1), the basic information related to the corrosion of the vehicle includes service life, mileage, driving conditions, maintenance times and parts, frequency of vehicle washing, frequency of maintenance, and corrosion environment of a service area.
Further, in the step (2): the outer surface of the vehicle body, the chassis and the engine compartment are washed by a high-pressure water gun, surface floating rust, mud ash and foreign matters are removed, the vehicle body is exposed to the sun or directly dried by compressed air, the corrosion state of the whole vehicle is evaluated after the moisture is completely dried, the corrosion state comprises the steps of measuring the thickness, the gloss and the surface paint orange peel of the vehicle body, and the visible corrosion of the appearance is recorded.
Further, in the step (3), the pre-disassembly comprises oil recovery, storage battery disassembly, airbag disassembly and wheel disassembly;
the assembly comprises engine compartment parts, chassis parts, vehicle body parts, electrical appliance parts and interior and exterior parts, and is disassembled to the assembly and then to a single part;
the welding points of the whole vehicle are drilled by an electric drill, the four doors and the two covers are firstly removed, and then all vehicle body closing parts and vehicle body parts are disassembled to form a single sheet metal.
Further, in the step (4), the corrosion rating is divided into ten grades from 0 to 9, and the larger the value is, the more serious the corrosion is, specifically:
no corrosion phenomenon is 0 grade;
1 to 5 small rust points are grade 1;
the corrosion area is less than or equal to 10 percent and is grade 2;
the corrosion area is 25 +/-15 percent and is grade 3;
the corrosion area 50 +/-10% is grade 4;
the corrosion area is 75 +/-15 percent and is grade 5;
the corrosion area 100% is grade 6;
a small amount of scale which is not easy to fall off is accumulated to grade 7;
a large amount of rust scale is accumulated, cracked or flaky and falls off to grade 8;
the perforated, broken or expanded extension holes are 9 grades.
Further, in the step (4), the metal final assembly comprises engine compartment parts, chassis parts, vehicle body parts, electrical parts and interior and exterior parts;
the automobile body panel beating includes automobile body and closure member.
Further, in the step (4), the corrosion types include general corrosion, pitting corrosion, crevice corrosion, galvanic corrosion, stone-strike corrosion, sharp-edge corrosion and cavity corrosion.
Further, in the step (4), the parts with internal corrosion comprise an oil filling pipe and a fuel tank, and a cutting machine and a grinding wheel are adopted for dissection.
Further, in the step (4), the vehicle body manufacturing process corrosion assessment includes: measuring the thickness of the electrophoretic film, and analyzing the influence of the thickness of the electrophoretic film in different areas on corrosion; performing material back-calculation, and analyzing the influence of the material type on corrosion; checking electrophoresis process holes, liquid discharge holes and a foaming material, and analyzing the influence of an anticorrosion structure on corrosion; and (4) checking the states of the edge folding glue, the welding sealant, the PVC, the wax injection and the antirust wax, and analyzing the influence of the manufacturing process on corrosion.
Further, in the step (4), the slice area is selected from a typical corrosion area, an abnormal corrosion area and a severe corrosion area;
measuring the corrosion depth by using a pitting corrosion depth finder, and calculating the corrosion longitudinal expansion rate, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
v1=h/t；
wherein v is1Is the erosion depth extension rate, h is the maximum erosion depth, t is the vehicle age;
after the corrosion area is measured by adopting a cotton thread method, the corrosion transverse expansion rate is calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows:
v2=s/t；
wherein v is2Is the erosion area spread rate, s is the erosion surface area;
analyzing the corrosion morphology by adopting an SEM (scanning electron microscope), respectively amplifying by 250x, 1000x, 2000x and 4000x, testing the surface and the section of the corrosion morphology, and judging the corrosion reason and the corrosion influence factor;
the elemental and phase compositions in the corrosion product film were analyzed by XRD, and the corrosion mechanism was presumed.
The invention has the following advantages: by qualitative corrosion evaluation and quantitative corrosion test tests, and by combining vehicle use information and disassembled corrosion evaluation, the corrosion condition of the automobile can be comprehensively and accurately known, and a systematic and streamlined corrosion evaluation method is established. Through the research of the method, the corrosion resistance design can be compared with the corrosion resistance design in the product development stage, the corrosion resistance design is guided reversely, the corrosion resistance design in the aspects of materials, product structures, manufacturing processes and the like is improved, the corrosion resistance performance is improved, the corrosion state of the vehicle market can be known, targeted prevention and maintenance measures are taken, and the after-sale maintenance cost is reduced. In addition, the residual value of the scrapped automobile is utilized, and the method has obvious economic benefit. Meanwhile, the invention also fills the blank of the automobile industry in the field of the research on the corrosion of the scraped automobile.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the corrosion rating scale of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of an etch profile.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a corrosion evaluation method for disassembly of a scrapped automobile comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting corrosion information: collecting basic information related to corrosion of the scrapped vehicle;
the basic information related to the corrosion of the vehicle comprises service life, driving mileage, driving conditions, maintenance times and parts, vehicle washing frequency, maintenance frequency, corrosion environment of a use area and the like, and corrosion factors and a basic corrosion environment are analyzed.
(2) Pretreatment: washing the scraped car to remove surface rust, mud and dust and foreign matters, and after drying, evaluating the corrosion state of the whole car before disassembly; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
washing the outer surface of the vehicle body, the chassis and the engine compartment by using a high-pressure water gun (the water pressure is 6 Mpa), removing surface floating rust, mud ash and foreign matters, drying by insolation (the insolation time: more than 4 hours) or directly adopting compressed air for drying, evaluating the corrosion state of the whole vehicle after the moisture is completely dried, measuring the film thickness, the luster and the finish orange peel of the vehicle body, and recording the visible corrosion of the appearance.
(3) Disassembling: disassembling the scraped car, including pre-disassembling, disassembling a general assembly and disassembling a car body; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
① Pre-disassembly is first performed, including oil recovery (engine oil, gasoline, coolant, etc.), battery disassembly, airbag disassembly, wheel disassembly, etc.
② disassembling the assembly including engine compartment parts, chassis parts, car body parts, electric parts, internal and external parts, and disassembling them to assembly and single part, wherein the disassembling is not in sequence but can not damage rusty parts.
③ disassembling the car body, drilling off the welding spot of the whole car by electric drill, disassembling the four doors and two covers, and disassembling all car body closing parts and car body parts to a single sheet metal.
(4) Corrosion evaluation:
carrying out corrosion rating on the disassembled metal assembly and the vehicle body metal plate according to a figure 2;
in this example, the corrosion rating is divided into ten grades from 0 to 9, and the larger the value is, the more serious the corrosion is, specifically: no corrosion phenomenon is 0 grade; 1 to 5 small rust points are grade 1; the corrosion area is less than or equal to 10 percent and is grade 2; the corrosion area is 25 +/-15 percent and is grade 3; the corrosion area 50 +/-10% is grade 4; the corrosion area is 75 +/-15 percent and is grade 5; the corrosion area 100% is grade 6; a small amount of rust scale (the area covered by the rust scale accounts for less than 30 percent of the total area of rust) which is not easy to fall off is accumulated to grade 7; a large amount of rusty scale (the area covered by the rusty scale accounts for more than 30 percent of the total rusty area) is accumulated, cracked or flaky and falls off to grade 8; the perforated, broken or expanded extension holes are 9 grades.
The metal assembly parts comprise engine compartment parts (a speed changer, a bracket, a water pipe, a hook and the like), chassis parts (a brake, calipers, a steering knuckle, a driving shaft, a swing arm, a front pillar, a rear reducer, a rear spiral spring, an auxiliary frame, a stabilizer bar, a connecting rod, an oil filling pipe, a fuel tank, an aluminum wheel and the like), vehicle body parts (a door lock, a hinge, a limiter, a supporting rod, a glass chute, a glass lifter, a skylight and the like), electric appliance parts (a windscreen wiper, a mounting bracket and the like), internal and external decoration parts (a seat, a pedal and the like); the vehicle body metal plate comprises a vehicle body (a doorsill, a side beam, a side wall, a hub bag, a fan heater pressure chamber plate, a collision cross beam, a floor, a reinforcement, a bracket and the like), and a closing member (a fender, a vehicle door, a front cover, a back door, a window frame sliding groove, a door lock reinforcement, a fuel tank door, an installation bracket and the like).
② analyzing the corrosion types of the assembly metal parts, including general corrosion, pitting corrosion, crevice corrosion, galvanic corrosion, stone-hitting corrosion, sharp edge corrosion, cavity corrosion and the like, and analyzing the parts with internal corrosion, including an oil filling pipe and a fuel tank, dissecting by using a cutting machine and a grinding wheel.
③ the corrosion assessment of the car body metal plate manufacturing process includes measuring the thickness of the electrophoresis film, analyzing the influence of the thickness of the electrophoresis film on corrosion in different areas, carrying out material reverse calculation, analyzing the influence of the material type on corrosion, checking electrophoresis process holes, liquid discharge holes, foaming materials and the like, analyzing the influence of an anticorrosion structure on corrosion, checking the states of edge folding glue, welding sealant, PVC, wax injection, antirust wax and the like, and analyzing the influence of the manufacturing process on corrosion.
④ slicing typical corrosion area (typically refers to joint surface, cavity, etc. easy to corrode and common corrosion part), abnormal corrosion area (abnormal refers to the condition that the joint surface and cavity will not corrode according to the using environment and the corrosion strength analysis, but will actually corrode), and severe corrosion area (severe refers to the corrosion rating of 7 grade or above) with the size of 100 x 100 mm.
⑤ measuring the depth of corrosion by point corrosion depth finder and calculating the longitudinal extension rate of corrosion by the formula v1=h/t；
Wherein v is1Is the erosion depth spread rate, h is the maximum erosion depth, and t is the vehicle age.
⑥ measuring the corrosion area by cotton thread method, and calculating the transverse corrosion expansion rate by the formula v2=s/t；
Wherein v is2Is the erosion area spread rate, s is the erosion surface area, and t is the vehicle service life.
⑦ analyzing the corrosion morphology by SEM, as shown in FIG. 3, amplifying 250x, 1000x, 2000x, 4000x, respectively, testing the surface and cross section, and determining the corrosion cause and influence factor.
⑧ XRD was used to analyze the elemental and phase composition of the corrosion product film, and the corrosion mechanism was presumed.
And finally, recycling or scrapping all parts, and recycling precious metals, rubber and the like.
Claims (10)
1. The corrosion evaluation method for the disassembly of the scraped car is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) collecting corrosion information: collecting basic information related to corrosion of the scrapped vehicle;
(2) pretreatment: washing the scraped car to remove surface rust, mud and dust and foreign matters, and after drying, evaluating the corrosion state of the whole car before disassembly;
(3) disassembling: disassembling the scraped car, including pre-disassembling, disassembling a general assembly and disassembling a car body;
(4) corrosion evaluation: carry out the corrosion rating to the metal aggregate spare after disassembling and automobile body panel beating, then carry out the corrosion evaluation, including three aspects:
metal assembly: analyzing the corrosion type, and carrying out anatomical analysis on the parts with internal corrosion;
vehicle body panel beating: carrying out corrosion evaluation on the vehicle body manufacturing process, wherein the corrosion evaluation comprises electrophoretic film thickness, materials, structures and manufacturing processes;
test: and (4) slicing the corroded area, and carrying out corrosion depth, corrosion area, corrosion morphology and XRD test.
2. The method for evaluating corrosion of disassembled scraped car according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the basic information related to the corrosion of the vehicle comprises service life, driving mileage, driving conditions, maintenance frequency and parts, vehicle washing frequency, maintenance frequency and corrosion environment of a service area.
3. The method for evaluating corrosion of disassembled scraped car according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: in the step (2): the outer surface of the vehicle body, the chassis and the engine compartment are washed by a high-pressure water gun, surface floating rust, mud ash and foreign matters are removed, the vehicle body is exposed to the sun or directly dried by compressed air, the corrosion state of the whole vehicle is evaluated after the moisture is completely dried, the corrosion state comprises the steps of measuring the thickness, the gloss and the surface paint orange peel of the vehicle body, and the visible corrosion of the appearance is recorded.
4. The method for evaluating corrosion of disassembled scraped car according to claim 3, wherein: in the step (3), the pre-disassembly comprises oil recovery, storage battery disassembly, airbag disassembly and wheel disassembly;
the assembly comprises engine compartment parts, chassis parts, vehicle body parts, electrical appliance parts and interior and exterior parts, and is disassembled to the assembly and then to a single part;
the welding points of the whole vehicle are drilled by an electric drill, the four doors and the two covers are firstly removed, and then all vehicle body closing parts and vehicle body parts are disassembled to form a single sheet metal.
5. The method for evaluating corrosion of disassembled scraped car according to claim 1, 2 or 4, wherein: in the step (4), the corrosion rating is divided into ten grades of 0-9, the larger the numerical value is, the more serious the corrosion is, and the specific classification is as follows:
no corrosion phenomenon is 0 grade;
1 to 5 small rust points are grade 1;
the corrosion area is less than or equal to 10 percent and is grade 2;
the corrosion area is 25 +/-15 percent and is grade 3;
the corrosion area 50 +/-10% is grade 4;
the corrosion area is 75 +/-15 percent and is grade 5;
the corrosion area 100% is grade 6;
a small amount of scale which is not easy to fall off is accumulated to grade 7;
a large amount of rust scale is accumulated, cracked or flaky and falls off to grade 8;
the perforated, broken or expanded extension holes are 9 grades.
6. The method for evaluating corrosion of disassembled scraped car according to claim 5, wherein: in the step (4), the metal final assembly comprises engine compartment parts, chassis parts, vehicle body parts, electrical appliance parts and interior and exterior parts;
the automobile body panel beating includes automobile body and closure member.
7. The method for evaluating corrosion of disassembled scraped car according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 6, characterized in that: in the step (4), the corrosion types include general corrosion, pitting corrosion, crevice corrosion, galvanic corrosion, stone-strike corrosion, sharp-edge corrosion and cavity corrosion.
8. The method for evaluating corrosion of disassembled scraped car according to claim 7, wherein: in the step (4), the parts with internal corrosion comprise an oil filling pipe and a fuel tank, and a cutting machine and a grinding wheel are adopted for dissection.
9. The method for evaluating corrosion of disassembled scraped car according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 6 or 8, characterized in that: in the step (4), the vehicle body manufacturing process corrosion evaluation includes: measuring the thickness of the electrophoretic film, and analyzing the influence of the thickness of the electrophoretic film in different areas on corrosion; performing material back-calculation, and analyzing the influence of the material type on corrosion; checking electrophoresis process holes, liquid discharge holes and a foaming material, and analyzing the influence of an anticorrosion structure on corrosion; and (4) checking the states of the edge folding glue, the welding sealant, the PVC, the wax injection and the antirust wax, and analyzing the influence of the manufacturing process on corrosion.
10. The method for evaluating corrosion of disassembled scraped car according to claim 9, wherein: in the step (4), a typical corrosion area, an abnormal corrosion area and a severe corrosion area are selected as the slicing area;
measuring the corrosion depth by using a pitting corrosion depth finder, and calculating the corrosion longitudinal expansion rate, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
v1=h/t；
wherein v is1Is the erosion depth extension rate, h is the maximum erosion depth, t is the vehicle age;
after the corrosion area is measured by adopting a cotton thread method, the corrosion transverse expansion rate is calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows:
v2=s/t；
wherein v is2Is the erosion area spread rate, s is the erosion surface area;
analyzing the corrosion morphology by adopting SEM, respectively amplifying by 250x, 1000x, 2000x and 4000x, testing the surface and the section of the corrosion morphology, and judging the corrosion reason and the corrosion influence factor;
the elemental and phase compositions in the corrosion product film were analyzed by XRD, and the corrosion mechanism was presumed.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN113617791A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-11-09 | 安徽工业大学 | Intelligent integral disassembling and recycling method for waste two-wheel electric vehicle |
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