CN110883380B

CN110883380B - Composite cutting tool

Info

Publication number: CN110883380B
Application number: CN201911191481.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨红星; 万栋梁; 赵飞; 王刚; 刘占海; 杜振宏
Original assignee: Zhuzhou Cemented Carbide Cutting Tools Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhuzhou Cemented Carbide Cutting Tools Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-11-28
Filing date: 2019-11-28
Publication date: 2021-01-29
Anticipated expiration: 2039-11-28
Also published as: CN110883380A

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite cutting tool which comprises a first cutting tool, a second cutting tool, a connecting piece and a locking piece, wherein the first cutting tool comprises a first cutter body and a first blade, the second cutting tool comprises a second cutter body and a second blade, the first cutter body is fixedly connected with the connecting piece, the connecting piece is provided with an outer cone part and a shaft shoulder surface positioned at the large-diameter end of the outer cone part, the second cutter body is provided with an inner cone hole and an end plane positioned outside the inner cone hole, the outer cone part is in inserted fit with the inner cone hole and locked through the locking piece, and the shaft shoulder surface is abutted to the end plane. According to the invention, the first cutter body and the second cutter body are connected in a manner of inserting the outer cone part and the inner cone hole which are matched with each other, the coaxiality is ensured, the outer cone part and the inner cone hole are matched in place, the shaft shoulder surface and the end plane are mutually abutted to form surface contact, the first cutter body and the second cutter body can be prevented from rotating relatively, the first cutter body is supported, the bending moment deformation of the first cutter body caused by cutting force is reduced, and the vibration of the cutter is reduced.

Description

Composite cutting tool

Technical Field

The invention relates to metal cutting machining, in particular to a composite cutting tool.

Background

The composite cutter is characterized in that different cutting cutters are combined together for simultaneous processing, cutters of different sizes, different materials and different processing requirements can be combined together, and high-precision and high-efficiency processing is realized. The connection mode is the important privacy that influences cutter stability and processingquality between two kinds of cutters, and among the prior art, there is a cutter and another kind of cutter to be connected through the mode of pyramis and taper hole, guarantees the axiality, and this type of structure is in the cutting process, and the cutting force acts on, leads to the cutter to follow the rotation of cutter axis direction at the junction, and the aggravation cutter vibrates, and cutter cutting edge size changes, influences the cutter precision.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a composite cutting tool which has high coaxiality precision, vibration reduction and good strength.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a composite cutting tool, includes first cutting tool, second cutting tool, connecting piece and retaining member, first cutting tool includes first cutter body and locates the first blade on the first cutter body, second cutting tool includes the second cutter body and locates the second blade on the second cutter body, first cutter body and connecting piece fixed connection, the connecting piece is equipped with outer pyramis and is located the shoulder surface of outer pyramis major diameter end, the second cutter body is equipped with the interior taper hole and is located the end plane in the interior taper hole outside, outer pyramis and the cooperation of pegging graft of interior taper hole, and the two is locked through the retaining member, shoulder surface and end plane butt.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

the locking piece is a tightening screw, the second cutter body is provided with a counter bore and an operation hole, the inner cone hole, the counter bore and the operation hole are sequentially communicated and penetrate through the second cutter body, the outer cone portion of the connecting piece is provided with an inner thread hole, the counter bore, the inner cone hole and the inner thread hole are coaxial, the head portion and the smooth portion of the tightening screw are located in the counter bore, and the thread portion extends into the inner cone hole and is matched with the inner thread hole of the connecting piece.

The composite cutting tool further comprises a thrust piece, the operation hole comprises an inner thread section and a unthreaded hole section, the aperture of the unthreaded hole section is larger than that of the inner thread section, the inner thread section is communicated with the counter bore, the thrust piece is positioned in the inner thread section, the inner thread section and the thrust piece are in threaded fit, the distance between the tensioning screw and the thrust piece is L1, when the tensioning screw is locked in the inner thread hole in a matched mode, L1 is larger than 0, and when the tensioning screw is separated from the inner thread hole, L1 is equal to 0.

The first blade body is provided with a first internal cooling hole, the tensioning screw is internally provided with a first through internal cooling hole, the thrust piece is internally provided with a second through internal cooling hole, and the first internal cooling hole, the first through internal cooling hole and the second through internal cooling hole are communicated in sequence to form a main internal cooling channel.

And the outer peripheral surface of the tensioning screw is provided with a side inner cooling hole which is communicated with the first transition inner cooling hole and the counter sink respectively to form an auxiliary inner cooling channel.

The connecting piece still includes the rotation stopping guide part, rotation stopping guide part and the path end that is located the external pyramis, the outer peripheral face of rotation stopping guide part is equipped with the public rotation stopping plane parallel with the axis, the second cutter body is equipped with the rotation stopping guiding hole between interior taper hole and counter sink, the rotation stopping guiding hole is equipped with female rotation stopping plane, rotation stopping guide part and rotation stopping guiding hole cooperation, and public rotation stopping plane and female rotation stopping plane cooperation.

The rotation stopping guide part and the rotation stopping guide hole are in clearance fit, the clearance between the rotation stopping guide part and the rotation stopping guide hole is L2, and the L2 is more than or equal to 0.01mm and less than or equal to 0.05 mm.

The one end that first cutter body was kept away from to the connecting piece is equipped with the mounting hole, the mounting hole includes interference fit section and clearance fit section, and the clearance fit section is in the outside, first cutter body inserts interference fit section and the two interference fit, first cutter body and clearance fit section are clearance fit, and are equipped with the welding filling layer between the two.

The first blade is a reaming blade.

The second blade is a boring blade.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

(1) according to the composite cutting tool, the first cutter body and the second cutter body are connected in a manner of inserting the outer cone part and the inner cone hole which are matched with each other, the coaxiality is ensured, the first cutter body and the second cutter body are locked through the locking piece, the complete fastening connection of the first cutter body and the second cutter body is finally realized, the outer cone part and the inner cone hole are matched in place, in addition, the shaft shoulder surface and the end plane are mutually abutted to form surface contact when being locked, two surfaces are mutually contacted, the verticality of the composite cutting tool is ensured, on one hand, the transmission torque is provided, the first cutter body and the second cutter body are prevented from rotating relatively, on the other hand, the first cutter body is supported, the bending moment deformation of the first cutter body caused by the cutting force is reduced, the vibration of the cutting tool is reduced, the.

(2) According to the composite cutting tool, the thrust piece plays a role in assisting in disassembly, the tensioning screw moves towards the thrust piece and is gradually separated from the internal threaded hole during disassembly, when the tensioning screw is not completely separated from the internal threaded hole, the head of the tensioning screw is in contact with the thrust piece, the tensioning screw continues to rotate and cannot move due to the limitation of the thrust piece, the thrust force is transferred to the outer conical part, the outer conical part is ejected out of the inner conical hole, the smooth disassembly of the tool is realized, the disassembly difficulty of the tool is reduced, the first tool body is ejected out by the force of the tensioning screw due to the reaction of the thrust piece, and the problem that the tool is difficult to disassemble.

(3) According to the composite cutting tool, the side inner cooling holes are formed in the peripheral surface of the tensioning screw and are respectively communicated with the first transition inner cooling hole and the counter bore to form the auxiliary inner cooling channel, cooling liquid in the auxiliary inner cooling channel can be converged with the main inner cooling channel, the flow of the inner cooling holes of the first tool piece is increased, the cooling effect is improved, the surface quality of the composite cutting tool is improved, and the service life of the cutting tool is prolonged.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention (the first tool body is separated from the second tool body).

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of fig. 2 at a.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention (a first cutter body is coupled to a second cutter body).

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of fig. 4 at B.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a rotation stop guide hole according to the present invention.

The reference numerals in the figures denote:

1. a first cutting tool; 101. a first internal cooling hole; 202. a first blade inner cooling hole; 11. a first cutter body; 12. a first blade; 2. a second cutting tool; 201. an inner taper hole; 202. a rotation stopping guide hole; 203. a countersunk hole; 204. an operation hole; 205. an internal thread section; 206. a smooth hole section; 207. a female rotation-stopping plane; 208. a tool withdrawal groove; 21. a second blade body; 211. an end plane; 22. a second blade; 23. a compression screw; 3. a connecting member; 301. an internally threaded bore; 302. mounting holes; 303. an interference fit section; 304. a clearance fit section; 31. an outer cone portion; 32. a shaft shoulder surface; 33. a rotation stop guide part; 331. a male rotation stop plane; 4. tightening the screw; 41. a first transition inner cooling hole; 42. a side internal cooling hole; 5. a thrust member; 51. and a second transition inner cooling hole.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples of the specification.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the composite cutting tool of the present embodiment includes a first cutting tool 1, a second cutting tool 2, a connecting member 3 and a locking member, the first cutting tool 1 includes a first cutting tool body 11 and a first blade 12 disposed on the first cutting tool body 11, the second cutting tool 2 includes a second cutting tool body 21 and a second blade 22 disposed on the second cutting tool body 21, the first cutting tool body 11 is fixedly connected to the connecting member 3, the connecting member 3 is provided with an external taper portion 31 and a shoulder surface 32 disposed at a large diameter end of the external taper portion 31, the second cutting tool body 21 is provided with an internal taper hole 201 and an end plane 211 disposed outside the internal taper hole 201, when combined, the external taper portion 31 is inserted into the internal taper hole 201, the two are tightly inserted and matched, and locked, and the shoulder surface 32 abuts against the end plane 211 to form a surface contact, so as to achieve a locking connection between the first cutting tool body 11 and the second cutting tool body 21.

The connection structure realizes the connection of the first cutter body 12 and the second cutter body 22 by the way that the outer cone part 31 and the inner cone hole 201 which are matched with each other are inserted, and ensures high coaxiality precision, and simultaneously locks the first cutter body 11 and the second cutter body 21 by the locking part, and finally realizes the complete fastening connection of the first cutter body and the second cutter body, wherein, the outer cone part 31 and the inner cone hole 201 are matched in place, and in the locking process, the shaft shoulder surface 32 and the end plane 211 are mutually abutted to form surface contact, the two surfaces are mutually contacted, and the verticality of the composite cutter is ensured, on one hand, the transmission torque is provided, the relative rotation of the first cutter body 11 and the second cutter body 21 is prevented, on the other hand, the first cutter body 11 forms a support, the bending moment deformation of the first cutter body 11 caused by the cutting force is reduced, the vibration of the cutter is.

In this embodiment, the first cutter 12 is exemplified by a reaming cutter, and a plurality of reaming cutters are fixed to the first cutter body 11, and the second cutter 22 is exemplified by a boring cutter, and a plurality of boring cutters are also provided and fixed to the second cutter body 21 by a pressing screw 23.

In this embodiment, the locking member is a tightening screw 4, the second cutter body 21 is provided with a countersunk hole 203 and an operating hole 204, the inner tapered hole 201, the countersunk hole 203 and the operating hole 204 are sequentially communicated, the three penetrate through the inside of the second cutter body 21, the outer tapered portion 31 of the connecting member 3 is provided with an inner tapered hole 301, the head and the smooth portion of the tightening screw 4 are located in the countersunk hole 203, and the threaded portion extends into the inner tapered hole 201 and is matched with the inner tapered hole 301 of the connecting member 3. The access hole 204 is used for a wrench to be inserted for rotating the tightening screw 4. After the external cone part 31 is inserted into the internal cone hole 201, the tensioning screw 4 is rotated, the head of the tensioning screw 4 is blocked by the countersunk large hole part of the countersunk hole 203, the tensioning screw 4 cannot move and can only rotate, the internal thread hole 301 of the external cone part 31 is matched with the exposed part of the tail part of the tensioning screw 4, the tensioning screw 4 is rotated, the external cone part 31 and the internal cone hole 201 are tensioned to form interference fit, meanwhile, the tensioning screw 4 is matched with the internal thread hole 301 in place, and the first cutter body 11 and the second cutter body 21 are locked. The counter bore 203, the inner taper hole 201 and the inner thread hole 301 are coaxial, so that the coaxiality of the first cutter body 11 and the second cutter body 21 is guaranteed.

In this embodiment, the composite cutting tool further includes a thrust piece 5, the operation hole 204 is divided into an internal thread section 205 and a smooth hole section 206, the aperture of the smooth hole section 206 is larger than that of the internal thread section 205, the internal thread section 205 is communicated with the counter bore 203, and the thrust piece 5 is located in the internal thread section 205 and is in threaded fit with the internal thread section 205. Distance between straining screw 4 and thrust piece 5 is L1, when straining screw 4 locks with the cooperation of internal thread hole 301 (corotation), L1 > 0, when straining screw 4 separates with internal thread hole 301, because give outer cone 31 and interior taper hole 201 pretightning force when taut, the two has formed interference fit, when dismantling, reversal straining screw 4 can't make the two separate, if adopt the mode of strikeing straining screw 4, can damage the screw thread with the ejecting interior taper hole 201 of outer cone 31, at this moment, thrust piece 5 of setting plays supplementary effect of dismantling, the principle is: reverse tension screw 4, tension screw 4 removes to thrust piece 5 (outer cone 31 and interior taper hole 201 interference fit, tension screw 4 is rotatory, interior taper hole 301 only changes motionlessly, and then tension screw 4 takes place to remove), separate gradually with interior taper hole 301, when not detaching from interior taper hole 301 completely yet, tension screw 4 head and thrust piece 5 contact, L1 is 0 promptly, tension screw 4 continues to rotate, by the spacing unable removal of thrust piece 5, turn to outer cone 31 with thrust, ejecting interior taper hole 201 of outer cone 31, it is smooth to realize the cutter dismantlement, reduce the cutter dismantlement degree of difficulty, the reaction of thrust piece 5 gives tension screw 4 ejecting first cutter body 11 of power, solve the difficult problem of dismantling of cutter. The preferred spacing L1 is greater than 0.2 mm.

In this embodiment, a mounting hole 302 is formed in one end of the connecting member 3, which is far away from the first cutter body 11, the mounting hole 302 includes an interference fit section 303 and a clearance fit section 304, the clearance fit section 304 is on the outer side, the connecting member 3 is a steel revolving body, the first cutter body 11 is a hard alloy round rod, and in order to ensure the coaxiality of the connecting member 3 and the first cutter body 11, the first cutter body 11 is inserted into the interference fit section 303 and the interference fit is performed between the two. The first blade body 11 and the clearance fit section 304 are in clearance fit, and a welding material is filled in a clearance L3 between the first blade body and the clearance fit section for welding to form a welding filling layer, wherein the welding mode ensures that the connecting piece 3 and the first blade body 11 are fixed into a whole. It should be noted that the first tool body 11 and the interference fit section 303 may be subjected to interference fit in a hot expanding manner. The clearance L3 may be in the range of 0.008mm to 0.015 mm.

In this embodiment, the first cutter body 11 and the connecting member 3 further include a rotation stop guide portion 33, the rotation stop guide portion 33 and the small diameter end located on the external taper portion 31, the outer peripheral surface of the rotation stop guide portion 33 is provided with a male rotation stop plane 331 parallel to the axis, the second cutter body 21 is provided with a rotation stop guide hole 202 between the internal taper hole 201 and the countersunk head hole 203, the rotation stop guide hole 202 is provided with a female rotation stop plane 207, the rotation stop guide portion 33 is matched with the rotation stop guide hole 202, and the male rotation stop plane 331 is matched with the female rotation stop plane 207 in an attaching manner, so that the rotation of the first cutter body 11 in the machining process is substantially completely limited, the size change of the blade diameter and the change of the cutter are generated, and the loosening of the tightening screw 4 in the cutting process is prevented.

Wherein, the rotation stopping guide part 33 is in clearance fit with the rotation stopping guide hole 202, the clearance between the two is L2, and the preferable range of L2 is as follows: l2 is not less than 0.01mm and not more than 0.05 mm. The clearance L2 is provided to avoid interference with the pre-tightening engagement of the male and female

tapered portions

31 and 201, and to avoid over-tightening engagement of the rotation stop guides 33 with the rotation stop guide holes 202, which would otherwise be impossible with the male and female

tapered portions

31 and 201. A tool withdrawal groove 208 for processing a female rotation stop plane 207 is arranged in the rotation stop guide hole 202.

In this embodiment, the first blade 11 is provided with a first internal cooling hole 101, the tightening screw 4 is provided with a first through internal cooling hole 41, the thrust piece 5 is provided with a second through internal cooling hole 51, and the first internal cooling hole 101, the first through internal cooling hole 41, and the second through internal cooling hole 51 are sequentially communicated to form a main internal cooling channel. The circumferential surface of the first cutter body 11 is provided with a first cutter blade internal cooling hole 102 corresponding to each reaming blade, and the cooling liquid of the main internal cooling channel finally reaches each first cutter blade internal cooling hole 102 to cool each reaming blade.

In order to ensure the cooling effect, the outer peripheral surface of the tensioning screw 4 is provided with a side inner cooling hole 42, the side inner cooling hole 42 is respectively communicated with the first transition inner cooling hole 41 and the counter bore 203 to form an auxiliary inner cooling channel, and cooling liquid in the auxiliary inner cooling channel can also enter the first inner cooling hole 101 through the inner threaded hole 301, namely can be converged with the main inner cooling channel, so that the flow of the inner cooling hole 102 of the first blade is increased, the cooling effect is improved, the surface quality of the compound cutter is improved, and the service life of the cutter is prolonged. It should be noted that the boring blade is also provided with a second blade internal cooling hole (not shown in the figure) correspondingly, and the second blade internal cooling hole is arranged on the circumferential surface of the second cutter body 21 and can be communicated with the main internal cooling channel, or the internal cooling main channel of the boring blade is newly arranged inside the second cutter body 21.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present invention, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the scope of the invention, using the teachings disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite cutting tool, characterized by: the cutting tool comprises a first cutting tool (1), a second cutting tool (2), a connecting piece (3) and a locking piece, wherein the first cutting tool (1) comprises a first cutter body (11) and a first blade (12) arranged on the first cutter body (11), the second cutting tool (2) comprises a second cutter body (21) and a second blade (22) arranged on the second cutter body (21), the first cutter body (11) is fixedly connected with the connecting piece (3), the connecting piece (3) is provided with an outer cone portion (31) and a shaft shoulder surface (32) located at the large-diameter end of the outer cone portion (31), the second cutter body (21) is provided with an inner cone hole (201) and an end plane (211) located outside the inner cone hole (201), the outer cone portion (31) is in inserted connection with the inner cone hole (201) and locked by the locking piece, the shaft shoulder surface (32) is abutted to the end plane (211), and the locking piece is a tensioning screw (4), the composite cutting tool is characterized in that the second cutter body (21) is provided with a counter bore (203) and an operation hole (204), the inner cone hole (201), the counter bore (203) and the operation hole (204) are sequentially communicated and penetrate through the second cutter body (21), the outer cone portion (31) of the connecting piece (3) is provided with an inner thread hole (301), the counter bore (203), the inner cone hole (201) and the inner thread hole (301) are coaxial, the head portion and the smooth portion of the tensioning screw (4) are located in the counter bore (203), the thread portion extends into the inner cone hole (201) and is matched with the inner thread hole (301) of the connecting piece (3), the composite cutting tool further comprises a thrust piece (5), the operation hole (204) comprises an inner thread section (205) and a smooth hole section (206), the aperture of the smooth hole section (206) is larger than that of the inner thread section (205), and the inner thread section (205) is communicated with the counter bore (203), the thrust piece (5) is positioned in the internal thread section (205) and is in threaded fit with the internal thread section, the distance between the tightening screw (4) and the thrust piece (5) is L1, when the tightening screw (4) is matched and locked with the internal thread hole (301), L1 is greater than 0, and when the tightening screw (4) is separated from the internal thread hole (301), L1 is equal to 0.

2. The composite cutting tool of claim 1, wherein: the first cutter body (11) is provided with a first inner cooling hole (101), a first transition inner cooling hole (41) which is communicated with the tensioning screw (4) is formed in the tensioning screw, a second transition inner cooling hole (51) which is communicated with the thrust piece (5) is formed in the thrust piece (5), and the first inner cooling hole (101), the first transition inner cooling hole (41) and the second transition inner cooling hole (51) are communicated in sequence to form a main inner cooling channel.

3. The composite cutting tool of claim 2, wherein: and the peripheral surface of the tensioning screw (4) is provided with a side inner cooling hole (42), and the side inner cooling hole (42) is respectively communicated with the first transition inner cooling hole (41) and the counter sink (203) to form an auxiliary inner cooling channel.

4. The composite cutting tool of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the connecting piece (3) further comprises a rotation stopping guide part (33), the rotation stopping guide part (33) is located at the small-diameter end of the outer cone part (31), a male rotation stopping plane (331) parallel to the axis is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the rotation stopping guide part (33), a rotation stopping guide hole (202) is formed in the second cutter body (21) between the inner cone hole (201) and the counter sink hole (203), a female rotation stopping plane (207) is arranged in the rotation stopping guide hole (202), the rotation stopping guide part (33) is matched with the rotation stopping guide hole (202), and the male rotation stopping plane (331) is matched with the female rotation stopping plane (207).

5. The composite cutting tool of claim 4, wherein: the rotation stopping guide part (33) is in clearance fit with the rotation stopping guide hole (202), the clearance between the rotation stopping guide part and the rotation stopping guide hole is L2, and the L2 is more than or equal to 0.01mm and less than or equal to 0.05 mm.

6. The composite cutting tool of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein: one end of the connecting piece (3) far away from the first cutter body (11) is provided with a mounting hole (302), the mounting hole (302) comprises an interference fit section (303) and a clearance fit section (304), the clearance fit section (304) is arranged on the outer side, the first cutter body (11) is inserted into the interference fit section (303) and is in interference fit with the interference fit section, the first cutter body (11) and the clearance fit section (304) are in clearance fit, and a welding filling layer is arranged between the first cutter body and the clearance fit section.

7. The composite cutting tool of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the first blade (12) is a reaming blade.

8. The composite cutting tool of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the second insert (22) is a boring insert.