CN110882823B - Device for directly grading gold tailings and using method thereof - Google Patents
Device for directly grading gold tailings and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110882823B CN110882823B CN201911405285.6A CN201911405285A CN110882823B CN 110882823 B CN110882823 B CN 110882823B CN 201911405285 A CN201911405285 A CN 201911405285A CN 110882823 B CN110882823 B CN 110882823B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
- B03B5/28—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation
- B03B5/30—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions
- B03B5/32—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions using centrifugal force
- B03B5/34—Applications of hydrocyclones
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C11/00—Accessories, e.g. safety or control devices, not otherwise provided for, e.g. regulators, valves in inlet or overflow ducting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
- B04C5/24—Multiple arrangement thereof
- B04C5/26—Multiple arrangement thereof for series flow
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Abstract
The invention provides a device for directly grading gold tailings, which comprises a plurality of hydrocyclone groups, wherein each hydrocyclone group comprises at least one hydrocyclone; the overflow pipe of the hydrocyclone at the upper stage in the hydrocyclone group is communicated with the feeding pipe of the hydrocyclone at the lower stage; the overflow pipe of the last hydrocyclone of the hydrocyclone group of the previous group is communicated with the feeding pipe of the first hydrocyclone of the hydrocyclone group of the next group; and the conveying devices are respectively connected with the feeding pipes of the first hydrocyclones set and are arranged between the overflow pipes and the feeding pipes of the adjacent hydrocyclones. By adopting the device and the using method thereof, the direct grading of the gold tailings can be realized, the device has the advantages of large treatment capacity, high grading precision, high grading efficiency and the like, the diversified production requirements of the ore sand particle products of enterprises can be met, and the economic benefit of the enterprises can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of industrial grading equipment, in particular to a device for directly grading gold tailings and a using method thereof.
Background
The grading equipment is widely applied to separation of materials such as ore materials and coal, and the grading of the gold tailings has the function of separating sand grains in tailings waste residues after ball milling into machine-made sand of different grades for sale. At present, in the fields of comprehensive treatment of ores such as gold tailings and the like, the following equipment is commonly adopted for grading the ores: (1) screen mesh grading: grading accurately according to the granularity, and is characterized by high grading precision, easy hole blockage of a screen, serious abrasion and the like; (2) hydraulic classification: fuzzy classification according to the sedimentation velocity, and has the characteristics of simple structure, low operation cost, large occupied area, low classification precision, low classification efficiency and the like; (3) the hydrocyclone classification equipment has the advantages of small occupied area, large treatment capacity and higher classification efficiency, but has the problems of low classification precision, easy blockage of a bottom flow pipe of a sand setting nozzle and strict use conditions, and seriously restricts the normal performance of system production energy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device for directly grading gold tailings and a using method thereof, aiming at the problem that the existing ore grading equipment cannot simultaneously meet the production requirements of large tailings treatment capacity, high grading precision and high grading efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
an apparatus for directly grading gold tailings, comprising:
a plurality of hydrocyclone banks including at least one hydrocyclone; the hydrocyclone is provided with a feeding pipe, an overflow pipe and an underflow pipe; an overflow pipe of the hydrocyclone at the upper stage in the hydrocyclone group is communicated with a feeding pipe of the hydrocyclone at the lower stage;
the overflow pipe of the last hydrocyclone of the hydrocyclone group of the previous group is communicated with the feeding pipe of the first hydrocyclone of the hydrocyclone group of the next group;
and the conveying devices are respectively connected with the feeding pipes of the first hydrocyclones set and are arranged between the overflow pipes and the feeding pipes of the adjacent hydrocyclones.
Further, when the hydrocyclone group comprises a plurality of hydrocyclones, the structural parameters of the plurality of hydrocyclones in each hydrocyclone group are the same.
Further, the device for directly grading the gold tailings also comprises,
the hydraulic cyclone is fixedly arranged on the bracket;
the anti-clogging system, comprising,
the first cylinder is fixedly arranged on the bracket;
a dredging part arranged on the bracket; the dredging part comprises a plurality of through holes,
the guide bracket is provided with a track;
the movable bracket is connected with the guide bracket in a sliding way;
the lifting mechanism comprises a lead screw arranged on the bracket, and the lead screw is connected with a nut; one end of the nut is connected with the movable support, and the other end of the nut is provided with a belt wheel;
the transmission mechanism is arranged on the movable support and comprises a motor arranged on the movable support, the motor is connected with an output shaft, a driving wheel is slidably arranged on the output shaft, one end of the driving wheel is an intermittent gear part, and the other end of the driving wheel is a full gear part; the driving wheel is provided with a gear sleeve, and the gear sleeve is connected with a second cylinder; the first gear can be meshed with the full-gear part discontinuously, and is connected with a rotating shaft which is provided with a dredging harrow; the transmission shaft is arranged on the movable support and is provided with a transmission wheel, and the transmission wheel is connected with the belt wheel; the transmission shaft is also provided with a second gear and a third gear, the third gear can be in intermittent meshed connection with the intermittent gear part, and the second gear can be in intermittent meshed connection with the full-gear part;
and the integrated electric control system is respectively connected with the first cylinder, the second cylinder, the motor and the conveying device.
Furthermore, the lower end of the driving wheel is provided with an intermittent gear part, the upper end of the driving wheel is provided with a full-gear part, and the diameter of the intermittent gear part is smaller than that of the full-gear part; the second gear is arranged above the third gear, and the diameter of the second gear is smaller than that of the third gear.
Further, be provided with the optical axis portion between intermittent type gear portion and the full gear portion, the optical axis portion cup joints gear sleeve, gear sleeve and optical axis portion form the annular clearance.
Further, the device for directly grading the gold tailings further comprises a fluid pressure detection element, wherein the fluid pressure detection element is arranged in the feed pipe of the hydrocyclone.
Further, the device for directly grading the gold tailings further comprises an ore pulp concentration adjusting device, wherein the ore pulp concentration adjusting device is respectively communicated with the conveying device of the first-stage hydrocyclone and is arranged between the overflow pipe of the adjacent hydrocyclone and the conveying device.
Further, the use method of the anti-blocking system comprises the following steps:
controlling a first air cylinder to be electrified, and stopping the first air cylinder after the first air cylinder pushes the dredging part to move to a set position;
the motor is controlled to rotate, the motor rotates to drive the driving wheel to rotate, and then simultaneously, the full-tooth gear part drives the first gear to rotate, and the first gear rotates to drive the dredging harrow to continuously rotate; the intermittent gear part drives the third gear to rotate intermittently, the third gear drives the transmission wheel to rotate, and the transmission wheel rotates to drive the nut to rotate intermittently so as to drive the movable bracket to move intermittently upwards;
when the dredging harrow moves upwards for a set height, the motor stops rotating, the second cylinder drives the driving wheel to move for a set distance, so that the second gear is meshed with the full-tooth gear part, and the first gear and the third gear are not meshed with the driving wheel; controlling the motor to rotate reversely, wherein the motor rotates to drive the full-gear part to rotate, the full-gear part rotates to drive the transmission wheel to coaxially and continuously rotate, and finally the movable bracket is driven to continuously move downwards, and the motor stops rotating after the movable bracket moves downwards to a set position;
and controlling the first air cylinder to be electrified to drive the dredging part to move to a set position, and controlling the first air cylinder to be powered off.
The use method of the device for directly grading the gold tailings comprises the following steps:
firstly, selecting the number of hydrocyclone groups and the number and the model of the hydrocyclones in each hydrocyclone group according to the grading requirement of gold tailings particles;
secondly, setting process parameters: according to the grading requirement of gold tailing particles, parameter settings such as ore feeding pressure, ore pulp density and the like are respectively carried out on each group of hydrocyclone units, and the parameter settings of the hydrocyclones in the same group are the same;
thirdly, conveying the ore pulp into a first group of hydraulic cyclone groups after the ore pulp is pressurized by the conveying device, separating the ore pulp in a plurality of hydraulic cyclones in the first group of hydraulic cyclone groups, allowing the separated coarse and heavy particles to enter the next treatment procedure through the underflow pipe, and allowing the ore pulp needing further classification to flow out through the overflow pipe and then be pressurized by the conveying device to enter the next group of hydraulic cyclone groups;
the ore pulp is separated in the next group of hydraulic cyclone group, the separated coarse and heavy particles enter the next treatment procedure through the underflow pipe, and the ore pulp needing to be further classified is pressurized by the conveying device and enters the next group of hydraulic cyclone group after flowing out through the overflow pipe;
fifthly, repeating the step IV until the gold tailing pulp is separated in the last group of the hydrocyclone units, and enabling the separated tailing particles to enter the next treatment procedure through the underflow pipe; and the separated ore pulp overflows through the overflow pipe and enters the next treatment process.
The embodiment of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the device for directly grading the gold tailings, the technical scheme that the plurality of hydrocyclone groups are arranged, each hydrocyclone group comprises at least one hydrocyclone, and the structural parameters of the plurality of hydrocyclones in each hydrocyclone group are the same is adopted, so that ore pulp is subjected to multiple screening of the plurality of hydrocyclones at the same screening level, the overflow fineness is finer, the defect of low grading precision of the conventional hydrocyclone separation device is overcome, and the grading precision is ensured; the device for directly grading the gold tailings has the advantages of large treatment capacity, high grading precision, high grading efficiency and the like, and can meet the production requirements of enterprises and improve the economic benefits of the enterprises.
2. According to the embodiment of the invention, by adopting the technical scheme that one end of the driving wheel is an intermittent gear part, the other end of the driving wheel is a full-gear part, the first gear can be in intermittent meshing with the full-gear part, the first gear is connected with a rotating shaft, the upper end of the rotating shaft is provided with the dredging rake, and the third gear can be in intermittent meshing connection with the intermittent gear part, so that the full-gear part drives the dredging rake to continuously rotate, the intermittent gear part drives the lifting device to intermittently move upwards, the automatic cleaning after the blockage of the underflow pipe is realized, the underflow pipe does not need to be manually carried to a high place, and is manually opened, the dredging is quick, and the operation is convenient; and the dredging harrow is driven by the motor to rotate continuously and move upwards in an intermittent manner, so that the condition that the dredging harrow is damaged due to overhigh continuous upward propelling speed and other parts are continuously stressed too much and are easily damaged can be avoided.
3. According to the embodiment of the invention, by adopting the technical scheme that one end of the driving wheel is an intermittent gear part, the other end of the driving wheel is a full-gear part, the gear sleeve is connected with the pull rod, the pull rod is connected with the second air cylinder, and the transmission shaft is also provided with the second gear and the third gear from top to bottom, wherein the second gear can be in discontinuous meshing connection with the full-gear part, when the dredging harrow needs to move downwards, the second air cylinder pulls the driving wheel to move upwards, so that the second gear is meshed with the full-gear part, the first gear and the third gear are not in meshing connection with other parts, and the lifting device continuously and quickly moves downwards, the working efficiency of the equipment is improved.
4. The embodiment of the invention realizes gradual and intermittent movement of the dredging harrow in the upward moving process by adopting the motor, and the dredging harrow quickly and continuously moves downward and does not rotate in the downward moving process, so that the blocked ore pulp in the underflow pipe is quickly removed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for directly grading gold tailings;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the construction of three sets of hydro cyclones of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the anti-clog system of the present invention in positional relationship to the underflow pipe;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the anti-jamming system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view at O of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a driving wheel;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the meshing connection of the intermittent gear portion and the third gear;
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of the positional relationship of the components of the transmission mechanism when the second gear of the present invention is engaged with a full gear portion;
figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pulp concentration adjusting device of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the mounting position of the ultrasonic ranging element of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, objectives and functions of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
An apparatus for directly grading gold tailings, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, comprises:
a plurality of hydrocyclone banks including at least one hydrocyclone 100; the hydrocyclone 100 is provided with a feed pipe 110, an overflow pipe 120 and an underflow pipe 130;
specifically, when each hydrocyclone group includes a plurality of hydrocyclones 100, the structural parameters of the hydrocyclones 100 are the same.
The overflow pipe 120 of the hydrocyclone 100 at the upper stage in each hydrocyclone group is communicated with the feeding pipe 110 of the hydrocyclone 100 at the lower stage; the overflow pipe 110 of the last hydrocyclone of the previous hydrocyclone group is communicated with the feed pipe 110 of the first hydrocyclone 100 of the next hydrocyclone group;
the conveying devices 200 are respectively connected with the feeding pipes 110 of the first hydrocyclones of the first group of hydrocyclones, and are arranged between the overflow pipes 120 and the feeding pipes 110 of the adjacent hydrocyclones, specifically, the conveying devices 200 comprise variable-frequency high-pressure pumps, and the pump frequency of the variable-frequency high-pressure pumps is set to be f.
The working principle of the device for directly grading the gold tailings is as follows:
firstly, selecting the number of hydrocyclone groups and the number and the model of the hydrocyclones 100 in each hydrocyclone group according to the grading requirement of gold tailings particles;
secondly, setting process parameters: according to the grading requirement of gold tailing particles, parameters such as ore feeding pressure, ore pulp density and the like are set for each group of hydrocyclone units respectively, and the parameters of the hydrocyclones 100 in the same group are set to be the same.
Thirdly, the pretreated gold tailing pulp is pressurized by the conveying device 200 and then enters a first group of hydrocyclone groups along the tangential direction through the feeding pipe 110, the pulp is separated in a plurality of hydrocyclones 100 of the first group of hydrocyclone groups, the separated coarse and heavy particles enter the next treatment process through the underflow pipe 130, and the pulp needing to be further classified flows out through the overflow pipe 120 and then is pressurized by the conveying device 200 and enters a second group of hydrocyclone groups;
the ore pulp is separated in the next group of the hydraulic cyclone group, the separated coarse and heavy particles enter the next treatment procedure through the underflow pipe 130, and the ore pulp needing to be further classified flows out through the overflow pipe 120 and then is pressed into the next group of the hydraulic cyclone group through the conveying device 200;
fifthly, repeating the step (iv) until the gold tailing pulp is separated in the last group of the hydrocyclone units, and enabling the separated tailing particles to enter the next treatment procedure through the underflow pipe 130; the separated pulp overflows through an overflow pipe 120 to the next treatment process.
Example 1
An apparatus for directly grading gold tailings, as shown in fig. 1, comprises:
a number of hydrocyclones 100 provided with a feed pipe 110, an overflow pipe 120 and an underflow pipe 130; the overflow pipe 120 of the hydrocyclone 100 at the upper stage is communicated with the feeding pipe 110 of the hydrocyclone 100 at the lower stage;
the plurality of conveying devices 200 are respectively connected with the feeding pipes 110 of the hydrocyclones 100 of the first stage and arranged between the overflow pipes 120 and the feeding pipes 110 of the adjacent hydrocyclones 100, and specifically, the conveying devices 200 comprise variable frequency high pressure pumps, and the pump frequency of the variable frequency high pressure pumps is set to be f.
The working principle of the device for directly grading gold tailings in the embodiment is as follows:
firstly, selecting the number and the type of the hydrocyclones 100 according to the grading requirement of gold tailings particles;
secondly, setting process parameters: according to the grading requirement of gold tailing particles, parameters such as feeding pressure, ore pulp density and the like are set for each hydrocyclone 100 respectively.
Thirdly, the pretreated gold tailing pulp is pressurized by the conveying device 200 and then enters the first-stage hydrocyclone 100 along the tangential direction through the feeding pipe 110, the pulp is separated in the first-stage hydrocyclone 100, the separated coarse and heavy particles enter the next treatment process through the underflow pipe 130, and the pulp needing to be further classified flows out through the overflow pipe 120 and then is pressurized by the conveying device 200 and enters the next-stage hydrocyclone 100;
the ore pulp is separated in the hydrocyclone 100 of the next stage, the separated coarse and heavy particles enter the next processing procedure through the underflow pipe 130, and the ore pulp needing to be further classified flows out through the overflow pipe 120 and then is pressurized by the conveying device 200 to enter the hydrocyclone 100 of the next stage;
fifthly, repeating the step (iv) until the gold tailing pulp is separated in the last stage of the hydrocyclone 100, and enabling the separated tailing particles to enter the next treatment process through the underflow pipe 130; the separated pulp overflows through an overflow pipe 120 to the next treatment process.
The gold tailing field of comprehensive treatment, the different usage of tailing machine system sand are different to the requirement of ore particle size, and traditional hydrocyclone separation device commonly adopts cooperation use such as hydrocyclone 100 and shale shaker, is used for hydrocyclone 100 in grading system a certain level hierarchical, but the product is single, the classification precision is low, and whole grading system grading efficiency is restricted, is difficult to satisfy the multiple classification of enterprise and high grading efficiency's demand.
The device for directly grading the gold tailings and the application method thereof do not need equipment such as a vibrating screen, the tailings are directly graded into a plurality of grades through the plurality of hydrocyclones 100, grading efficiency is guaranteed, grading precision of the tailings is greatly improved, ore particle grades are diversified, and requirements of different purposes on ore particle products can be met.
Example 2
An apparatus for directly grading gold tailings, as shown in fig. 2, comprises:
the three groups of hydrocyclone groups comprise a first group of hydrocyclone groups, and the first group of hydrocyclone groups comprise 3 hydrocyclones 100, namely a hydrocyclone A, a hydrocyclone B and a hydrocyclone C; a second group of cyclones, which includes 3 hydrocyclones 100, namely a hydrocyclone D, a hydrocyclone E and a hydrocyclone F; a third group of cyclones, which comprises 2 hydrocyclones 100, namely a hydrocyclone G and a hydrocyclone H; specifically, the plurality of hydrocyclones 100 in each group of hydrocyclones have the same structural parameters.
The hydrocyclone 100 is provided with a feed pipe 110, an overflow pipe 120 and an underflow pipe 130;
in the first group of hydrocyclone groups, an overflow pipe 120 of the hydrocyclone A is communicated with a feeding pipe 110 of the hydrocyclone B; an overflow pipe 120 of the hydrocyclone B is communicated with a feeding pipe 110 of the hydrocyclone C;
the overflow pipe 110 of the hydrocyclone C of the first hydrocyclone group is communicated with the feeding pipe 110 of the hydrocyclone D of the second hydrocyclone group;
in the second group of hydrocyclone groups, an overflow pipe 120 of the hydrocyclone D is communicated with a feeding pipe 110 of the hydrocyclone E; the overflow pipe 120 of the hydrocyclone E is communicated with the feeding pipe 110 of the hydrocyclone F;
the overflow pipe 110 of the hydrocyclone F of the second hydrocyclone group is communicated with the feed pipe 110 of the hydrocyclone G of the third hydrocyclone group;
in the third group of hydrocyclone groups, the overflow pipe 120 of the hydrocyclone G is communicated with the feeding pipe 110 of the hydrocyclone H;
the conveying devices 200 are respectively connected with the feeding pipes 110 of the hydrocyclones A of the first group of hydrocyclones, and are arranged between the overflow pipes 120 and the feeding pipes 110 of the adjacent hydrocyclones 100, specifically, the conveying devices 200 comprise variable frequency high pressure pumps, and the pump frequency of the variable frequency high pressure pumps is set to be f.
The working principle of the device for directly grading gold tailings in the embodiment is as follows:
firstly, selecting the number of hydrocyclone groups and the number and the model of the hydrocyclones 100 in each hydrocyclone group according to the grading requirement of gold tailings particles;
secondly, setting process parameters: according to the grading requirement of gold tailing particles, parameters such as ore feeding pressure, ore pulp density and the like are set for each group of hydrocyclone units respectively, and the parameters of the hydrocyclones 100 in the same group are set to be the same.
Thirdly, the pretreated gold tailing pulp is pressurized by the conveying device 200 and then enters the hydrocyclone A of the first hydrocyclone group along the tangential direction through the feeding pipe 110, the pulp is separated in the hydrocyclone A, the hydrocyclone B and the hydrocyclone C of the first hydrocyclone group, the separated coarse and heavy particles enter the next treatment process through the underflow pipe 130, and the pulp needing to be further classified enters the second hydrocyclone group through the conveying device 200 after flowing out through the overflow pipe 120 of the hydrocyclone C;
the ore pulp is separated in the second group of hydraulic cyclone group, the separated coarse and heavy particles enter the next treatment procedure through the underflow pipe 130, and the ore pulp needing to be further classified flows out through the overflow pipe 120 and then is pressurized by the conveying device 200 to enter the third group of hydraulic cyclone group;
fifthly, separating the ore pulp in a third group of hydrocyclone units, and enabling the separated tailing particles to enter the next treatment process through a bottom flow pipe 130; the ore pulp separated by the three groups of hydraulic cyclones meets the grading requirement, so the separated ore pulp overflows through the overflow pipe 120 and enters the next treatment process, the next treatment process can be discharging the finally separated ore pulp into a desliming system, and slurry obtained after the ore pulp is subjected to desliming treatment is used for manufacturing aerated bricks.
The structural parameters and the production process parameters of the hydrocyclones 100 in each group of the cyclone group are set to be the same, namely, the ore particles discharged by the underflow pipes 130 after being separated by different hydrocyclones in the same group of the hydrocyclones are classified to be the same, a plurality of hydrocyclones 100 are arranged by each cyclone group, and the ore pulp is screened by the hydrocyclones, so that the ore pulp can be screened for multiple times in the same classification grade, the classification precision is higher, the classification precision of the hydrocyclones is effectively improved, and the classification efficiency and the processing capacity of the methods such as relative screen classification and hydraulic classification are higher.
Example 3
The present embodiment provides an apparatus for directly grading gold tailings and a method for using the same, as shown in fig. 3-4, in addition to the technical features of the embodiments (a) and (b), the apparatus for directly grading gold tailings of the present embodiment further includes:
the bracket 600 is used for fixing the hydrocyclone 100, and two rails 601 arranged in parallel are arranged on the bracket 600.
The anti-clogging system 700, including,
and a first cylinder 710 fixedly installed on the bracket 600.
A dredging part 720 connected with the first cylinder 710, wherein the dredging part 720 is arranged on the bracket 600 in a sliding way; the first cylinder 710 can push the dredging part 720 to make a reciprocating linear motion on the bracket 600. The dredging portion 720 includes a plurality of holes,
the two ends of the top of the sliding seat 721 are respectively connected with the rail 601 of the bracket 600 in a sliding manner, the middle of the sliding seat 721 is connected with the first cylinder 710, and the first cylinder 710 can push the sliding seat 721 to do reciprocating linear motion along the rail 601; a guide bracket 7211 extending vertically and downwardly is arranged on the sliding seat 721, and the guide bracket 7211 is provided with a guide rail;
a movable bracket 722 slidably coupled to the guide bracket 7211, specifically, the movable bracket 722 can slide up and down along a guide rail of the guide bracket 7211;
the lifting mechanism 724 comprises a lead screw 7241 fixedly mounted on the support 600, the lead screw 7241 is connected with a nut 7242, one end of the nut 7242 is sequentially sleeved with a bearing and a bearing sleeve from inside to outside, and the bearing sleeve is connected with the movable support 722; the other end of the nut 7242 is provided with a pulley 7243;
a transmission mechanism 723, which is arranged on the movable bracket 722, as shown in fig. 4-8, the transmission mechanism 723 includes a motor 7231 fixedly mounted on the movable bracket 722, the motor 7231 is connected with an output shaft, a driving wheel 7233 is slidably mounted on the output shaft, the lower end of the driving wheel 7233 is an intermittent gear portion 72331 with a smaller diameter, the upper end is a full-gear portion 72332 with a larger diameter, and the number of teeth and other parameters of the intermittent gear portion 72331 can be set according to transmission requirements; a light shaft portion is provided between the intermittent gear portion 72331 and the full gear portion 72332, a gear sleeve 72333 is fitted around the light shaft portion, and an annular gap is formed between the gear sleeve 72333 and the light shaft portion. The gear sleeve 72333 is connected with a pull rod 7234, and the pull rod 7234 is connected with a second air cylinder 7235; the secondary cylinder 7235 can drive the primary pulley 7233 to slide on the output shaft. The transmission structure 723 further comprises a first gear 7236, the first gear 7236 can be in discontinuous meshing with the full-tooth gear portion 72332, the first gear 7236 is connected with a rotating shaft 7237, the upper end of the rotating shaft 7237 is provided with a dredging harrow 7238, and a protruding block is arranged on the dredging harrow 7238 and used for pulling down the ore blocking the underflow pipe 130. The transmission structure 723 further comprises a transmission shaft 7239 rotatably arranged on the movable bracket 722, a transmission wheel 72310 is arranged at the lower end of the transmission shaft 7239, and a transmission wheel 72310 is connected with a belt wheel 7243 through a belt; the transmission shaft 7239 is further provided with a second gear 72311 with a smaller diameter and a third gear 72312 with a larger diameter from top to bottom, the third gear 72312 can be in intermittent meshed connection with the intermittent gear portion 72331, and the second gear 72311 can be in intermittent meshed connection with the full-gear portion 72332; and when the third gear 72312 meshes with the intermittent gear portion 72331, the first gear 7236 meshes with the full-gear portion 72332; when the second gear 72312 meshes with the full gear portion 72332, the first gear 7236 and the third gear 72312 are not in meshing connection with other components.
The integrated electronic control system 400 is connected to the first cylinder 710, the second cylinder 7235, the motor 7231 and the transmission device 200.
The third gear 72312 is caused to mesh with the intermittent gear portion 72331 to be the transmission initial position. The initial position of the anti-clogging system 700 is that the dredging portion 720 is located outside the underflow pipe 130 and farthest from the underflow pipe 130, and at this time, the dredging portion 720 is located outside the spraying range of the underflow pipe 130, which does not affect the normal operation of the hydrocyclone 100.
The working principle of the device for directly grading gold tailings in the embodiment also comprises the following working principles besides the working principles of the equipment described in the embodiments (a) and (b):
when an operator finds that the underflow pipe 130 of the hydrocyclone 100 is completely blocked, the power supply of each conveying device 200 is cut off, the ore pulp input is stopped, the first air cylinder 710 is controlled to be electrified through the integrated electronic control system 400, the first air cylinder 710 pushes the dredging part 720 to move on the support 600 towards the direction close to the underflow pipe 130, and when the rotating shaft 7235 is coaxial with the underflow pipe 130, the first air cylinder 710 stops moving;
the integrated electronic control system 400 controls the motor 7231 to rotate in the forward direction, the motor 7231 rotates to drive the driving wheel 7233 to rotate, and further simultaneously, the full-tooth gear part 72332 drives the first gear 7236 to rotate uninterruptedly, and the first gear 7236 rotates to drive the dredging harrow 7238 to rotate continuously; the intermittent gear part 72331 drives the third gear 72312 to intermittently rotate, the third gear 72312 rotates to drive the driving wheel 72310 to rotate, the driving wheel 7327 rotates to drive the nut 7242 to intermittently rotate, the lead screw 7241 is fixedly arranged and does not rotate, so that the nut 7242 intermittently moves upwards along the lead screw 7241, the nut 7242 moves upwards to drive the movable bracket 722 to move upwards, finally, the dredging harrow 7238 is driven by the motor 7231 to continuously rotate and intermittently move upwards, and the blocked underflow pipe 130 is dredged.
When the dredging harrow 7238 moves upwards for a set height, blocked ore pulp in the underflow pipe 130 is raked off, and the dredging harrow 7236 completes automatic dredging of the underflow pipe 130; when the motor 7231 stops rotating, the second cylinder 7235 drives the driving wheel 7233 to move upward by a set distance, so that the second gear 72312 is meshed with the full-tooth gear portion 72332, and the first gear 7236 and the third gear 72312 are not meshed with other components; the motor 7231 is controlled to rotate reversely, the motor 7231 rotates to drive the full-gear portion 72332 to rotate, the full-gear portion 72332 rotates to drive the driving wheel 72310 to rotate coaxially and continuously, and finally the movable bracket 722 is driven to move downwards continuously, and the dredging harrow 7238 does not rotate but only moves downwards along with the movable bracket 722 in the descending process of the movable bracket 722.
After the movable support 722 moves downwards to the set position, the motor 7231 stops rotating, the first cylinder 710 is controlled to be powered on, the dredging portion 720 is driven to move on the support 600 to the direction far away from the underflow pipe 130 for a set distance, the anti-blocking system 700 returns to the initial position, and the first cylinder 710 is controlled to be powered off.
In the embodiment, by adopting the technical scheme that one end of the driving wheel 7233 is the intermittent gear part 72331 with a smaller diameter, the other end of the driving wheel is the full-gear part 72332 with a larger diameter, the first gear 7236 can be in intermittent meshing with the full-gear part 72332, the first gear 7236 is connected with the rotating shaft 7237, the upper end of the rotating shaft 7237 is provided with the dredging harrow 7238 and the third gear 72312 can be in intermittent meshing connection with the intermittent gear part 72331, so that the full-gear part 72332 drives the dredging harrow 7238 to continuously rotate, the intermittent gear part 72331 drives the lifting device 724 to intermittently move upwards, the dredging harrow 7238 is driven by the motor 7231 to continuously rotate and gradually move upwards, and the situation that the dredging harrow 7238 is damaged due to the fact that the continuous upward propulsion speed of the dredging harrow 7238 is too fast and other parts are continuously stressed too much is avoided.
By adopting the technical scheme that one end of the driving wheel 7233 is an intermittent gear part 72331 with a smaller diameter, the other end of the driving wheel is a full-gear part 72332 with a larger diameter, the gear sleeve 72333 is connected with the pull rod 7234, the pull rod 7234 is connected with the second cylinder 7235, and the transmission shaft 7239 is also provided with the second gear 72311 with a smaller diameter and the third gear 72312 with a larger diameter from top to bottom, and the second gear 72311 can be in discontinuous meshing connection with the full-gear part 72332, when the harrow dredging 7238 needs to move downwards, the second cylinder 7235 pulls the driving wheel to move upwards, so that the second gear 72312 is meshed with the full-gear part 72332, the first gear 7236 and the third gear 72312 are not in meshing connection with other parts, the lifting device 740 continuously and quickly moves downwards, the working efficiency of the device is improved, when the device is applied to online adjustment, the device can be beneficial to quickly restoring production, and the harrow dredging 7238 does not, the energy consumption and the equipment abrasion are saved, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged.
Example (IV)
On the basis of the embodiment (three), further, the apparatus for directly grading gold tailings of the present invention, as shown in fig. 9, further includes:
a fluid pressure detecting element 300, disposed in the feeding pipe 110 of the hydrocyclone 100, for monitoring the feeding pressure P of the hydrocyclone 100, wherein the fluid pressure detecting element 300 is connected to the integrated electronic control system 400;
the slurry concentration adjusting device 500 is communicated with the conveying device 200 of the first hydrocyclone 100 in the device and is arranged between the overflow pipe 110 of the adjacent hydrocyclone 100 and the conveying device 200. The pulp concentration adjusting device 500 is connected with the integrated electronic control system 400.
Further, integrated electronic control system 400 includes an alarm module.
As shown in fig. 9, the pulp concentration adjusting device 500 includes a water supply tank 510, the water supply tank 510 is connected with the flow rate of a slurry tank 540 through a pipeline, and a flow rate detecting element 520 and a water supply valve 530 are arranged on the pipeline between the water supply tank 510 and the slurry tank 540; the flow rate detecting element 520 and the water feed valve 530 are connected to the integrated electronic control system 400, respectively. The water feed valve 530 is used to control the amount of water to be added, and the flow rate detecting element 520 is used to measure the amount of water to be added. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the water supply tank 510 adjusts the amount of additional water supplied to the slurry tank 540 through a water supply valve 530, and measures the amount of additional water through a flow monitoring element 520; the conveying device 200 conveys the slurry in the slurry tank 540 to the hydrocyclone 100, and a fluid pressure detecting element 300 is arranged at the inlet position of the hydrocyclone 100; the ore pulp is classified by the hydrocyclone 100 and then is discharged by the overflow pipe 120 and the underflow pipe 130 respectively, and is sprayed in an umbrella shape or a rope shape at the underflow pipe 130;
two ultrasonic distance measuring elements 800 are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the lower part of the underflow pipe 130, as shown in fig. 10, the ultrasonic emission direction is perpendicular to the axis of the hydrocyclone, and the ultrasonic distance measuring elements 800 are connected with the integrated electronic control system 400. Specifically, two ultrasonic distance measuring elements 800 are installed at symmetrical positions which are at a distance c from the lower part of the underflow pipe 130 and at a distance a from the axis of the hydrocyclone 100, and are used for measuring the underflow jet range. If the average value of the distance between the ore pulp measured by the ultrasonic ranging element 800 and the ultrasonic ranging element 800 is b, and the maximum included angle between the ore pulp spraying direction and the axis of the hydrocyclone 100 is alpha, the average value is
。
Specifically, in this embodiment, for a certain hydrocyclone 100, the structural parameters, the operation parameters and the slurry parameters are all determined, and the scattering angle range during normal operation of the hydrocyclone 100 can be determined as α through numerical simulation or physical experiment1～α2The scattering angle range during full load operation is alpha2～α3The feeding pressure P and the pump frequency f of the variable-frequency high-pressure pump, and judging the working state of the hydrocyclone according to the preset parameter ranges:
when alpha is 0, the underflow flow of the hydrocyclone 100 is extremely low, and the hydrocyclone is further judged to be in an underload state or a blocking state according to the feeding pressure P and the pump frequency f data;
when alpha < alpha1When the flow is in a low-load state, the underflow flow of the hydrocyclone is low, the umbrella angle is small;
when alpha is1＜α＜α2When the hydraulic cyclone is in the normal working state, the hydraulic cyclone does not need to be adjusted;
when alpha is2＜α＜α3When it comes to hydraulic powerThe underflow flow of the cyclone is high, the umbrella angle is large, and the cyclone is in a full-load state;
when alpha > alpha3When the flow is over, the underflow of the hydrocyclone is in an overload state when the feed concentration is low;
when alpha is equal to-1, the hydrocyclone has no underflow, and the hydrocyclone is further judged to be in an unloaded state or a completely blocked state according to the feeding pressure P and the pump frequency f data.
The underload, the full load and the overload all belong to adjustable working states, and the blockage and the no-load are in non-adjustable working states. When full load, overload and complete blockage are detected, the integrated electronic control system 400 sends an alarm instruction to the alarm module to alarm.
For the full load and overload conditions, after finding the alarm, the operator can adjust parameters such as water replenishing quantity, pump frequency f of the variable-frequency high-pressure pump and the like through the integrated electronic control system 400 on line to realize the adjustment of ore pulp concentration and ore feeding pressure P, and further recover normal production. For the overload situation, the operator can open the anti-clogging system 700 while adjusting the parameters of the water replenishing quantity, the pump frequency f of the variable-frequency high-pressure pump and the like, so as to prevent the occurrence of the situation that the underflow pipe 300 is partially clogged and then completely clogged.
For a complete blockage situation, the operator first closes the conveyor 200 on-line via the integrated electronic control system 400, and then controls the anti-clogging system 700 to work to unblock the clogged underflow pipe 300.
The words of front, back, left, right, up and down, etc. in the present invention are only for convenience of describing the structure and do not form a limitation on the technical solution. The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. An apparatus for directly grading gold tailings, which is characterized by comprising:
a plurality of hydrocyclone banks including at least one hydrocyclone; the hydrocyclone is provided with a feeding pipe, an overflow pipe and an underflow pipe; an overflow pipe of the hydrocyclone at the upper stage in the hydrocyclone group is communicated with a feeding pipe of the hydrocyclone at the lower stage;
the overflow pipe of the last hydrocyclone of the hydrocyclone group of the previous group is communicated with the feeding pipe of the first hydrocyclone of the hydrocyclone group of the next group;
the conveying devices are respectively connected with the feeding pipes of the first hydrocyclones of the first group of hydrocyclones and are arranged between the overflow pipes and the feeding pipes of the adjacent hydrocyclones;
the hydraulic cyclone is fixedly arranged on the bracket;
the anti-clogging system, comprising,
the first cylinder is fixedly arranged on the bracket;
the dredging part is arranged on the bracket in a sliding manner; the dredging part comprises a plurality of through holes,
the sliding seat is arranged on the bracket in a sliding manner and is connected with the first cylinder; the sliding seat is provided with a guide bracket, and the guide bracket is provided with a track;
the movable bracket is connected with the guide bracket in a sliding way;
the lifting mechanism comprises a lead screw arranged on the bracket, and the lead screw is connected with a nut; one end of the nut is connected with the movable support, and the other end of the nut is provided with a belt wheel;
the transmission mechanism is arranged on the movable support and comprises a motor arranged on the movable support, the motor is connected with an output shaft, a driving wheel is slidably arranged on the output shaft, one end of the driving wheel is an intermittent gear part, and the other end of the driving wheel is a full gear part; the driving wheel is provided with a gear sleeve, and the gear sleeve is connected with a second cylinder; the first gear can be meshed with the full-gear part discontinuously, and is connected with a rotating shaft which is provided with a dredging harrow; the transmission shaft is arranged on the movable support and is provided with a transmission wheel, and the transmission wheel is connected with the belt wheel; the transmission shaft is also provided with a second gear and a third gear, the third gear can be in intermittent meshed connection with the intermittent gear part, and the second gear can be in intermittent meshed connection with the full-gear part;
and the integrated electric control system is respectively connected with the first cylinder, the second cylinder, the motor and the conveying device.
2. The apparatus for directly grading gold tailings according to claim 1, wherein when the hydrocyclone group comprises a plurality of hydrocyclones, the plurality of hydrocyclones in each hydrocyclone group have the same structural parameters.
3. The apparatus for directly grading gold tailings according to claim 1, wherein the lower end of the driving wheel is provided with an intermittent gear part, the upper end of the driving wheel is provided with a full-gear part, and the diameter of the intermittent gear part is smaller than that of the full-gear part; the second gear is arranged above the third gear, and the diameter of the second gear is smaller than that of the third gear.
4. The apparatus for directly grading gold tailings according to claim 3, wherein an optical axis part is arranged between the intermittent gear part and the full gear part, the optical axis part is sleeved with the gear sleeve, and an annular gap is formed between the gear sleeve and the optical axis part.
5. The apparatus for directly grading gold tailings according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a fluid pressure detection element, wherein the fluid pressure detection element is arranged in the feed pipe of the hydrocyclone.
6. An apparatus for directly grading gold tailings as claimed in claim 1 or 2, further comprising a slurry concentration adjusting device, wherein the slurry concentration adjusting device is respectively communicated with the conveying device of the first stage hydrocyclone and is arranged between the overflow pipe and the conveying device of the adjacent hydrocyclone.
7. The apparatus for directly grading gold tailings according to claim 1, wherein the use method of the anti-clogging system comprises the following steps:
controlling a first air cylinder to be electrified, and stopping the first air cylinder after the first air cylinder pushes the dredging part to move to a set position;
the motor is controlled to rotate, the motor rotates to drive the driving wheel to rotate, and then simultaneously, the full-tooth gear part drives the first gear to rotate, and the first gear rotates to drive the dredging harrow to continuously rotate; the intermittent gear part drives the third gear to rotate intermittently, the third gear drives the transmission wheel to rotate, and the transmission wheel rotates to drive the nut to rotate intermittently so as to drive the movable bracket to move intermittently upwards;
when the dredging harrow moves upwards for a set height, the motor stops rotating, the second cylinder drives the driving wheel to move for a set distance, so that the second gear is meshed with the full-tooth gear part, and the first gear and the third gear are not meshed with the driving wheel; controlling the motor to rotate reversely, wherein the motor rotates to drive the full-gear part to rotate, the full-gear part rotates to drive the transmission wheel to coaxially and continuously rotate, and finally the movable bracket is driven to continuously move downwards, and the motor stops rotating after the movable bracket moves downwards to a set position;
and controlling the first air cylinder to be electrified to drive the dredging part to move to a set position, and controlling the first air cylinder to be powered off.
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| CN101838335B (en) * | 2009-03-16 | 2013-02-27 | 中国农业机械化科学研究院 | Starch separation method and device |
| CN103934089B (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2016-03-02 | 重庆市淡水河谷矿业有限公司 | Integrate power field multipass sort beneficiation method and ore-sorting system |
| CN208711958U (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2019-04-09 | 东莞市森辉环保设备有限公司 | A kind of Anti-blocking structure of cyclone dust collectors dust removal port |
| CN208826227U (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-05-07 | 河南中宝工业科技有限公司 | A kind of cast member surface remediation device |
| CN110000014A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-12 | 深圳市中科智诚科技有限公司 | A kind of heavy duty detergent hydrocyclone with anti-blockage function |
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