CN110880767B - Multi-power-supply reactive power matching method and system for optimizing voltage control capability of photovoltaic power station - Google Patents

Multi-power-supply reactive power matching method and system for optimizing voltage control capability of photovoltaic power station Download PDF

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CN110880767B
CN110880767B CN201911071194.3A CN201911071194A CN110880767B CN 110880767 B CN110880767 B CN 110880767B CN 201911071194 A CN201911071194 A CN 201911071194A CN 110880767 B CN110880767 B CN 110880767B
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CN110880767A (en
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李文锋
李莹
孙华东
郭强
王官宏
陶向宇
张健
贾媛
魏巍
王晖
艾东平
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
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China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/16—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/10—Flexible AC transmission systems [FACTS]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation

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Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-power-supply reactive power matching method and system for optimizing voltage control capability of a photovoltaic power station, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining a topological structure of the photovoltaic power station, and classifying nodes according to the node type of each node in the topological structure to obtain a plurality of node sets; respectively determining reactive power-based equality constraint conditions of the alternating current line for nodes in each node set; determining an equality constraint condition of a grid connection point of a photovoltaic electric field based on active power and voltage; respectively determining upper and lower limit constraint conditions of voltage of each node in the photovoltaic power station and upper and lower limit constraint conditions of reactive power of each power generation unit according to the operation requirements of the photovoltaic inverter and the SVG (static var compensator); and determining a target function of the optimal reactive power output of multiple power supplies in the photovoltaic power station, and determining the reactive power output of each photovoltaic inverter and the SVG. The active loss of the SVG and the active network loss of the power transmission line in the photovoltaic power station can be reduced, and the reactive voltage coordination control capability of the new energy station is improved.

Description

Multi-power-supply reactive power matching method and system for optimizing voltage control capability of photovoltaic power station
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metering calibration, in particular to a multi-power-supply reactive power coordination method and system for optimizing voltage control capability of a photovoltaic power station.
Background
By the end of 2018, the renewable energy power generation and installation machine in China reaches 7.28 hundred million kilowatts, and the renewable energy power generation and installation machine is increased by 12 percent on year-on-year basis; wherein, the water electric installation is 3.52 hundred million kilowatts, the wind electric installation is 1.84 hundred million kilowatts, the photovoltaic electric installation is 1.74 hundred million kilowatts, and the biomass electric installation is 1781 ten thousand kilowatts, respectively increase by 2.5%,12.4%,34% and 20.7% in the same proportion. The renewable energy power generation installation accounts for about 38.3 percent of the total power installation, the percentage is increased by 1.7 percent on the same scale, and the clean energy substitution effect of renewable energy is increasingly highlighted. At present, a reactive power compensation device (SVG) in service power in a photovoltaic power station occupies a large part, when the reactive power compensation device is in zero or reactive power output close to zero, the active loss is very low and occupies about one to two hundredths of rated capacity, and in general conditions, the active loss is increased along with the increase of the reactive power output and reaches about one to two fifths of the rated capacity, and the active loss of the SVG occupies a large part of the service power.
The voltage support index of a grid connection point is achieved by means of SVG when the existing photovoltaic power station is connected to a power grid, and the reactive power voltage regulation capability of a photovoltaic inverter is not fully called. SVG consumes a large amount of station powers at work, influences economic nature, and in a large amount of new forms of energy area of being incorporated into the power networks, many points of being incorporated into the power networks adopt the SVG action simultaneously also can bring the coordination problem that dynamic voltage supported. Therefore, the key problem to be solved urgently is how to dig the reactive power regulation capability of the new energy unit and improve the reactive power voltage coordination control capability of the new energy station.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multi-power-supply reactive power matching method and system for optimizing voltage control capability of a photovoltaic power station, and aims to solve the problem of how to adjust reactive power output of a photovoltaic inverter and SVG.
In order to solve the above problem, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a multi-power-supply reactive power matching method for optimizing voltage control capability of a photovoltaic power station, the method including:
determining a topological structure of an electric circuit in the photovoltaic power station, and classifying nodes according to the node type of each node in the topological structure to obtain a plurality of node sets;
respectively determining reactive power-based equality constraint conditions of the alternating current line for nodes in each node set;
according to the received active power and voltage commands, determining an equality constraint condition based on the active power and the voltage of the grid-connected point of the photovoltaic electric field;
respectively determining upper and lower limit constraint conditions of voltage of each node in the photovoltaic power station and upper and lower limit constraint conditions of reactive power of each power generation unit according to the operation requirements of the photovoltaic inverter and the SVG (static var compensator);
and determining an objective function of the optimal reactive power output of multiple power supplies in the photovoltaic power station, and determining the reactive power output of each photovoltaic inverter and the SVG according to the reactive power-based equality constraint condition of the alternating current circuit, the active power and reactive power-based equality constraint condition of the photovoltaic power station grid-connected point, the upper and lower limit constraint conditions of the voltage of each node in the photovoltaic power station and the upper and lower limit constraint conditions of the reactive power of each power generation unit.
Preferably, wherein the set of nodes comprises: a node set containing only photovoltaic inverters, a node set containing only SVG, and a node set containing neither photovoltaic inverters nor SVG.
Preferably, the determining reactive power based equality constraints of the ac line for the nodes in each node set separately comprises:
for nodes in the node set containing only photovoltaic inverters, a first reactive power-based equivalent constraint for the ac line is determined as:
Figure BDA0002260986540000021
Figure BDA0002260986540000022
for nodes in the node set only containing the SVG, determining a second equation constraint condition of the AC line based on the reactive power as follows:
Figure BDA0002260986540000031
Figure BDA0002260986540000032
for nodes in the node set that do not include either the photovoltaic inverter or the SVG, determining a third equivalent reactive power-based constraint condition for the ac line as follows:
Figure BDA0002260986540000033
Figure BDA0002260986540000034
wherein, P pk Representing the active power, Q, injected by the kth photovoltaic inverter into node i pk Expressing the reactive power injected by the kth photovoltaic inverter to a node i connected with the kth photovoltaic inverter, K expressing the number of photovoltaic inverters in the photovoltaic power station, and delta P i And Δ Q i Respectively representing active and reactive power errors, V i (i =1,2.. N) and V j (j =1,2.. N) indicates voltages of the node i and the node j, respectively, N is the number of nodes, θ ij Representing the voltage phase angle difference, G, between grid node i and grid node j ij And B ij Respectively representing the conductance parameter and the susceptance parameter of a line between the ith power grid node and the jth power grid node in the node admittance matrix; p Dm (M =1,2.. M) represents the real power that the mth SVG absorbs from the system due to real losses, Q svg.m Indicates the mth SVG directionAnd M is the number of SVG (scalable vector graphics) in the photovoltaic power station.
Preferably, the determining, according to the received active power and voltage command, an active power and voltage-based equality constraint condition of a grid-connected point of a photovoltaic electric field includes:
P s ＝P ord ，
V S ＝V ord ，
wherein, P ord And V ord Respectively sending an active power instruction and a voltage instruction to a received upper-level dispatch; p S And V S Respectively the active power and the voltage of the grid-connected point of the photovoltaic electric field.
Preferably, the determining the upper and lower limit constraint conditions of the voltage of each node and the upper and lower limit constraint conditions of the reactive power of each power generation unit in the photovoltaic power station respectively according to the operation requirements of the photovoltaic inverter and the SVG without reactive power compensation device includes:
V i.min ≤Vi≤V i.max ，
Q pk.min ≤Q pk ≤Q pk.max ，
Q svg.min ≤Q svg.m ≤Q svg.max ，
wherein, V i.min And V i.max Voltages V of nodes i respectively i Upper and lower limit values of (d); q pk.min And Q pk..max Respectively a kth photovoltaic inverter reactive power output Q pk Upper and lower limit values of, Q svg.min And Q svg.max Respectively the mth SVG reactive power output Q svg.m Upper and lower limit values of (1).
Preferably, the objective function of the optimal reactive power output of the multiple power supplies in the photovoltaic power station is as follows:
Figure BDA0002260986540000041
α+β＝1，
Figure BDA0002260986540000042
wherein alpha and beta are weight factors, Q vsg.m The reactive power injected into the node i by the mth SVG is represented, and M represents the number of SVGs in the photovoltaic power station; n is the number of nodes; p is loss.i-j The active loss between the power grid node i and the power grid node j is obtained; v i And V j Respectively representing the voltages of the node i and the node j; theta ij Representing a voltage phase angle difference between grid node i and grid node j; g is a radical of formula ij Is the equivalent conductance between node i and node j.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a multi-power-supply reactive power coordination system for voltage control capability of a photovoltaic power station, the system comprising:
the node classification module is used for determining a topological structure of an electric circuit in the photovoltaic power station and classifying nodes according to the node type of each node in the topological structure so as to obtain a plurality of node sets;
the system comprises an equality constraint condition determining module of the alternating current line, a reactive power-based equality constraint condition determining module and a reactive power-based equality constraint condition determining module, wherein the equality constraint condition determining module is used for respectively determining equality constraint conditions of the alternating current line based on reactive power for nodes in each node set;
the photovoltaic power station grid-connected point equality constraint condition determining module is used for determining equality constraint conditions based on active power and voltage of the photovoltaic power station grid-connected point according to the received active power and voltage instructions;
the node voltage and power generation unit reactive power upper and lower limit constraint condition determination module is used for respectively determining upper and lower limit constraint conditions of each node voltage and upper and lower limit constraint conditions of each power generation unit reactive power in the photovoltaic power station according to the operation requirements of the photovoltaic inverter and the SVG (static var compensator);
and the reactive power output determining module of the photovoltaic inverter and the SVG is used for determining an objective function of the optimal reactive power output of multiple power supplies in the photovoltaic power station, and determining the reactive power output of each photovoltaic inverter and the SVG according to an equality constraint condition of the alternating current circuit based on the reactive power, an equality constraint condition of a grid-connected point of the photovoltaic power station based on the active power and the reactive power, an upper limit constraint condition and a lower limit constraint condition of voltage of each node in the photovoltaic power station and an upper limit constraint condition and a lower limit constraint condition of the reactive power of each power generation unit.
Preferably, wherein the set of nodes comprises: a node set containing only photovoltaic inverters, a node set containing only SVG, and a node set containing neither photovoltaic inverters nor SVG.
Preferably, the equality constraint determining module of the ac line determines the equality constraint based on the reactive power of the ac line for each node in each node set respectively, and includes:
for a node of the node set containing only the photovoltaic inverter, determining a first reactive power based equivalent constraint for the ac line as:
Figure BDA0002260986540000051
Figure BDA0002260986540000052
for nodes in the node set only containing the SVG, determining a second equation constraint condition of the AC line based on the reactive power as follows:
Figure BDA0002260986540000053
Figure BDA0002260986540000054
for nodes in the node set that do not include either the photovoltaic inverter or the SVG, determining a third equivalent reactive power-based constraint condition for the ac line as follows:
Figure BDA0002260986540000055
Figure BDA0002260986540000056
wherein, P pk Representing the active power, Q, injected by the kth photovoltaic inverter into node i pk Expressing the reactive power injected by the kth photovoltaic inverter to a node i connected with the kth photovoltaic inverter, K expressing the number of photovoltaic inverters in the photovoltaic power station, and delta P i And Δ Q i Respectively representing active and reactive power errors, V i (i =1,2.. N) and V j (j =1,2.. N) represents the voltages of node i and node j, respectively, N is the number of nodes, θ ij Representing the voltage phase angle difference, G, between grid node i and grid node j ij And B ij Respectively representing the conductance parameter and the susceptance parameter of a line between the ith power grid node and the jth power grid node in the node admittance matrix; p Dm (M =1,2.. M) represents the real power that the mth SVG absorbs from the system due to real losses, Q svg.m And the reactive power injected into the node i connected with the mth SVG is represented, and M is the number of the SVG in the photovoltaic power station.
Preferably, the module for determining an equality constraint condition of a grid-connected point of a photovoltaic power plant determines an equality constraint condition based on active power and voltage of the grid-connected point of the photovoltaic power plant according to the received active power and voltage commands, and includes:
P s ＝P ord ，
V S ＝V ord ，
wherein, P ord And V ord Respectively sending an active power instruction and a voltage instruction to a received upper-level dispatch; p S And V S Respectively the active power and the voltage of the grid-connected point of the photovoltaic electric field.
Preferably, the module for determining the upper and lower limit constraint conditions of the node voltage and the reactive power of the power generation unit respectively determines the upper and lower limit constraint conditions of each node voltage and the upper and lower limit constraint conditions of the reactive power of each power generation unit in the photovoltaic power station according to the operation requirements of the photovoltaic inverter and the SVG without reactive compensation device, and includes:
V i.min ≤Vi≤V i.max ，
Q pk.min ≤Q pk ≤Q pk.max ，
Q svg.min ≤Q svg.m ≤Q svg.max ，
wherein, V i.min And V i.max Voltages V of nodes i, respectively i Upper and lower limit values of (d); q pk.min And Q pk..max Respectively a kth photovoltaic inverter reactive power output Q pk Upper and lower limit values of, Q svg.min And Q svg.max Respectively the mth SVG reactive power output Q svg.m Upper and lower limit values of (1).
Preferably, the objective function of the optimal reactive power output of the multiple power supplies in the photovoltaic power station is as follows:
Figure BDA0002260986540000061
α+β＝1，
Figure BDA0002260986540000062
wherein alpha and beta are weight factors, Q svg.m The reactive power injected into the node i by the mth SVG is represented, and M represents the number of the SVGs in the photovoltaic power station; n is the number of nodes; p loss.i-j The active loss between the power grid node i and the power grid node j is obtained; v i And V j Respectively representing the voltages of the node i and the node j; theta ij Representing a voltage phase angle difference between grid node i and grid node j; g ij Is the equivalent conductance between node i and node j.
The invention provides a multi-power-supply reactive power coordination method and system for optimizing the voltage control capability of a photovoltaic power station.
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A more complete understanding of exemplary embodiments of the present invention may be had by reference to the following drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a multi-power reactive coordination method 100 for optimizing voltage control capability of a photovoltaic power plant in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of photovoltaic inverter reactive power output constraints according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of SVG reactive power output constraints according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is an equivalent schematic diagram of an active loss branch according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-power-supply reactive power coordination system 500 for voltage control capability of a photovoltaic power station according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein, which are provided for complete and complete disclosure of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art. The terminology used in the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings is not intended to be limiting of the invention. In the drawings, the same units/elements are denoted by the same reference numerals.
Unless otherwise defined, terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Further, it will be understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a multi-power reactive coordination method 100 for optimizing voltage control capability of a photovoltaic power plant according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 1, according to the multi-power-supply reactive power coordination method and system for optimizing the voltage control capability of the photovoltaic power station provided by the embodiment of the invention, by calculating the reactive adjustable capacity of the photovoltaic inverter and the transmission capability of the line in real time, the reactive power of the SVG in the photovoltaic power station is replaced by the reactive power of the photovoltaic inverter, so that the active loss of the reactive compensation device in the photovoltaic power station and the active network loss of the transmission line in the photovoltaic power station can be reduced, the reactive voltage coordination control capability of the new energy field station is improved, and the overall economic benefit of the photovoltaic power station is improved. The multi-power-supply reactive power coordination method 100 for optimizing the voltage control capability of the photovoltaic power station provided by the embodiment of the invention starts from step 101, determines the topological structure of the electric circuit in the photovoltaic power station in step 101, and classifies nodes according to the node type of each node in the topological structure to obtain a plurality of node sets.
Preferably, wherein the set of nodes comprises: a node set containing only photovoltaic inverters, a node set containing only SVG, and a node set containing neither photovoltaic inverters nor SVG.
At step 102, reactive power based equality constraints for the ac line are determined separately for the nodes in each node set.
Preferably, the determining reactive power based equality constraints of the ac line for the nodes in each node set separately comprises:
for nodes in the node set containing only photovoltaic inverters, a first reactive power-based equivalent constraint for the ac line is determined as:
Figure BDA0002260986540000081
Figure BDA0002260986540000082
for nodes in the node set only containing the SVG, determining a second equation constraint condition of the AC line based on the reactive power as follows:
Figure BDA0002260986540000083
Figure BDA0002260986540000084
for nodes in the node set that do not include either the photovoltaic inverter or the SVG, determining a third equivalent reactive power-based constraint condition for the ac line as follows:
Figure BDA0002260986540000085
Figure BDA0002260986540000086
wherein, P pk Representing the active power, Q, injected by the kth photovoltaic inverter into node i pk Expressing the reactive power injected by the kth photovoltaic inverter to a node i connected with the kth photovoltaic inverter, K expressing the number of photovoltaic inverters in the photovoltaic power station, and delta P i And Δ Q i Respectively representing active and reactive power errors, V i (i =1,2.. N) and V j (j =1,2.. N) represents the voltages of node i and node j, respectively, N is the number of nodes, θ ij Representing the voltage phase angle difference, G, between grid node i and grid node j ij And B ij Respectively representing the conductance parameter and the susceptance parameter of a line between the ith power grid node and the jth power grid node in the node admittance matrix; p Dm (M =1,2.. M) represents the real power that the mth SVG absorbs from the system due to real losses, Q svg.m And the reactive power injected into a node i connected with the mth SVG is represented, and M is the number of SVGs in the photovoltaic power station.
In step 103, according to the received active power and voltage commands, the equation constraint condition based on the active power and the voltage of the grid-connected point of the photovoltaic electric field is determined.
Preferably, the determining an equation constraint condition based on active power and voltage of a grid-connected point of a photovoltaic electric field according to the received active power and voltage commands includes:
P s ＝P ord ，
V S ＝V ord ，
wherein, P ord And V ord Respectively sending an active power instruction and a voltage instruction to a received upper-level dispatch; p S And V S Respectively the active power and the voltage of the grid-connected point of the photovoltaic electric field.
In step 104, respectively determining upper and lower limit constraint conditions of each node voltage and upper and lower limit constraint conditions of each generating unit reactive power in the photovoltaic power station according to the operation requirements of the photovoltaic inverter and the SVG.
Preferably, the determining, according to the operation requirements of the photovoltaic inverter and the SVG without reactive power compensation device, the upper and lower limit constraint conditions of the voltage of each node in the photovoltaic power station and the upper and lower limit constraint conditions of the reactive power of each power generation unit respectively includes:
V i.min ≤Vi≤V i.max ，
Q pk.min ≤Q pk ≤Q pk.max ，
Q svg.min ≤Q svg.m ≤Q svg.max ，
wherein, V i.min And V i.max Voltages V of nodes i respectively i Upper and lower limit values of (d); q pk.min And Q pk..max Respectively a kth photovoltaic inverter reactive power output Q pk Upper and lower limit values of, Q svg.min And Q svg.max Respectively the mth SVG reactive power output Q svg.m Upper and lower limit values of (1).
For a node only including a pv inverter, upper and lower voltage limits of the pv inverter required by national standards for continuous operation are 0.9pu and 1.1pu, respectively, and in order to leave a certain margin, in an embodiment of the present invention, the upper and lower voltage limits of the pv inverter node may be selected to be a value between 0.9pu and 0.95pu and between 1.05pu and 1.1pu, for example, 0.93pu and 1.07pu, respectively.
For nodes only containing SVG, the upper and lower limit values of the voltage of the continuous operation of the dynamic reactive power compensation device required by the current national standard are respectively 0.9pu and 1.1pu, but the SVG is generally directly connected to a photovoltaic power station grid connection point through voltage boosting transformation, and the national standard requires that when the voltage of a public power grid is in a normal range, the photovoltaic power station can control the voltage of the photovoltaic power station grid connection point to be 97% -107% of the nominal voltage. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the SVG node voltage upper and lower limit values may be selected to be a value between 0.97pu to 1.0pu and 1.0pu to 1.07pu, for example, 0.97pu and 1.07pu, respectively.
For a node which does not contain the photovoltaic inverter or the SVG, the upper and lower limit values of the node voltage can be selected to be 0.9 pu-1.1 pu.
For a photovoltaic inverter, the reactive power constraint condition is mainly determined by the active power Pwk, because the apparent power of the photovoltaic inverter cannot exceed the rated capacity of the photovoltaic inverter. The constraint condition of the reactive power output of the photovoltaic inverter is shown in fig. 2, and the active power and the reactive power of the photovoltaic inverter are limited by a power circle, that is, the apparent power at the wind turbine end is limited to a certain extent and cannot exceed the maximum value S of the apparent power wk.max And minimum value S wk.min . The apparent power calculation method at the wind turbine end is as follows:
Figure BDA0002260986540000101
therefore, the following are provided:
Figure BDA0002260986540000102
for SVG, the reactive power constraint is mainly limited by its capacity, and the SVG reactive power constraint is shown in FIG. 3, no matter Q svg Positive or negative, provided that Q svg Its active loss increases as the absolute value of (c) increases.
In step 105, an objective function of the optimal reactive power output of multiple power supplies in the photovoltaic power station is determined, and the reactive power output of each photovoltaic inverter and the SVG is determined according to the reactive power-based equality constraint condition of the alternating current circuit, the active power and reactive power-based equality constraint condition of the photovoltaic power station grid-connected point, the upper and lower limit constraint conditions of the voltage of each node in the photovoltaic power station and the upper and lower limit constraint conditions of the reactive power of each power generation unit.
Preferably, the objective function of the optimal reactive power output of multiple power supplies in the photovoltaic power station is as follows:
Figure BDA0002260986540000103
α+β＝1，
Figure BDA0002260986540000104
wherein alpha and beta are weight factors, Q vsg.m The reactive power injected into the node i by the mth SVG is represented, and M represents the number of SVGs in the photovoltaic power station; n is the number of nodes; p loss.i-j The active loss between the power grid node i and the power grid node j is obtained; v i And V j Respectively representing the voltages of the node i and the node j; theta.theta. ij Representing a voltage phase angle difference between grid node i and grid node j; g ij Is the equivalent conductance between node i and node j.
In the implementation mode of the invention, based on the equality constraint condition of the alternating current line and the output constraint of the node voltage and the reactive power supply, an objective function of the multi-power supply optimal reactive output in the photovoltaic power station is constructed:
Figure BDA0002260986540000111
α+β＝1，
Figure BDA0002260986540000112
wherein alpha and beta are weight factors, Q vsg.m The reactive power injected into the node i by the mth SVG is represented, and M represents the number of SVGs in the photovoltaic power station; n is the number of nodes; p loss.i-j The active loss between the power grid node i and the power grid node j is obtained; v i And V j Are respectively provided withRepresenting the voltages at node i and node j; theta ij Representing a voltage phase angle difference between grid node i and grid node j; g is a radical of formula ij Is the equivalent conductance between node i and node j.
Fig. 4 is an equivalent schematic diagram of an active loss branch according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, for a branch, assume that the voltages at node i and node j are V respectively i And V j The equivalent admittance Yi-j between the node i and the node j is g ij +jb ij Wherein g is ij Is the equivalent conductance between node i and node j, b ij For the equivalent susceptance between node i and node j, the current flowing through the branch is:
I j-i ＝Y i-j (V j -V i )，
the active power of the branch circuit loss is:
Figure BDA0002260986540000113
and then, simultaneously establishing an objective function of the optimal reactive power output of multiple power supplies in the photovoltaic power station, an equality constraint condition of an alternating current circuit based on reactive power, an equality constraint condition of a photovoltaic power station grid-connected point based on active power and reactive power, an upper limit constraint condition and a lower limit constraint condition of each node voltage in the photovoltaic power station and an upper limit constraint condition and a lower limit constraint condition of each generating unit reactive power. And constructing a Lagrangian function according to the various equality constraints and inequality constraints:
Figure BDA0002260986540000121
wherein λ is 1 ，λ 2 And λ 3 Are all lagrangian multipliers.
The condition is obtained according to the Lagrange extremum:
Figure BDA0002260986540000122
Figure BDA0002260986540000123
Figure BDA0002260986540000124
Figure BDA0002260986540000125
Figure BDA0002260986540000126
the transmission lines in the photovoltaic power station are generally in a chain structure, at most one branch is arranged between every two nodes, and no loop is formed, so that the total number of the branches in the network is N-1, and the number of unknown variables in the Lagrange extremum solving condition is M +2N. The number of equation equations in the Lagrangian function is also M +2N, and the equation has a unique solution, so that the reactive power output of each photovoltaic inverter and each SVG can be determined.
In addition, if a certain node exceeds the upper and lower limit constraint conditions of the voltage of each node in the photovoltaic power station and the constraint range in the upper and lower limit constraint conditions of the reactive power of each power generation unit in the equation system solving process, the inequality constraint conditions of the node are converted into equality constraints, and the value of the equality constraints is taken as a boundary value.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-power-supply reactive power matching system 500 for voltage control capability of a photovoltaic power station according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, the multi-power-supply reactive power coordination system 500 for voltage control capability of a photovoltaic power station provided by the embodiment of the invention includes: the system comprises a node classification module 501, an equality constraint condition determination module 502 of an alternating current line, an equality constraint condition determination module 503 of a photovoltaic power station grid-connected point, an upper limit constraint condition determination module 504 of node voltage and reactive power of a power generation unit and a reactive power output determination module 505 of a photovoltaic inverter and SVG.
Preferably, the node classification module 501 is configured to determine a topological structure of an electrical line in the photovoltaic power station, and perform node classification according to a node type of each node in the topological structure to obtain a plurality of node sets.
Preferably, wherein the set of nodes comprises: a node set containing only photovoltaic inverters, a node set containing only SVG, and a node set containing neither photovoltaic inverters nor SVG.
Preferably, the ac line equality constraint determining module 502 is configured to determine, for each node in each node set, an ac line equality constraint based on reactive power.
Preferably, the module 502 for determining the equality constraint of the ac line determines the equality constraint based on the reactive power of the ac line for each node in each node set respectively, including:
for a node of the node set containing only the photovoltaic inverter, determining a first reactive power based equivalent constraint for the ac line as:
Figure BDA0002260986540000131
Figure BDA0002260986540000132
for nodes in the node set only containing the SVG, determining a second equation constraint condition of the AC line based on the reactive power as follows:
Figure BDA0002260986540000133
Figure BDA0002260986540000134
for nodes in the node set that do not include either the photovoltaic inverter or the SVG, determining a third equivalent reactive power-based constraint condition for the ac line as follows:
Figure BDA0002260986540000135
Figure BDA0002260986540000136
wherein, P pk Representing the active power, Q, injected by the kth photovoltaic inverter into node i pk Expressing the reactive power injected by the kth photovoltaic inverter to a node i connected with the kth photovoltaic inverter, K expressing the number of photovoltaic inverters in the photovoltaic power station, and delta P i And Δ Q i Respectively representing active and reactive power errors, V i (i =1,2.. N) and V j (j =1,2.. N) represents the voltages of node i and node j, respectively, N is the number of nodes, θ ij Representing the voltage phase angle difference, G, between grid node i and grid node j ij And B ij Respectively representing the conductance parameter and the susceptance parameter of a line between the ith power grid node and the jth power grid node in the node admittance matrix; p is Dm (M =1,2.. M) represents the active power, Q, that the mth SVG absorbs from the system due to active loss svg.m And the reactive power injected into a node i connected with the mth SVG is represented, and M is the number of SVGs in the photovoltaic power station.
Preferably, the equality constraint condition determining module 503 of the photovoltaic power plant grid-connected point is configured to determine an equality constraint condition based on active power and voltage of the photovoltaic power plant grid-connected point according to the received active power and voltage command.
Preferably, the module for determining an equality constraint condition of a grid-connected point of a photovoltaic power plant determines an equality constraint condition based on active power and voltage of the grid-connected point of the photovoltaic power plant according to the received active power and voltage commands, and includes:
P s ＝P ord ，
V S ＝V ord ，
wherein, P ord And V ord Respectively sending an active power instruction and a voltage instruction to a received upper-level dispatch; p S And V S Respectively the active power and the voltage of the grid-connected point of the photovoltaic electric field.
Preferably, the node voltage and reactive power upper and lower limit constraint conditions determining module 504 is configured to determine upper and lower limit constraint conditions of each node voltage and upper and lower limit constraint conditions of each reactive power of each power generation unit in the photovoltaic power station according to operation requirements of the photovoltaic inverter and the SVG without reactive power compensation device.
Preferably, the module 504 for determining the upper and lower limit constraint conditions of the node voltage and the reactive power of the power generation unit respectively determines the upper and lower limit constraint conditions of each node voltage and the upper and lower limit constraint conditions of the reactive power of each power generation unit in the photovoltaic power station according to the operation requirements of the photovoltaic inverter and the SVG without reactive compensation device, and includes:
V i.min ≤Vi≤V i.max ，
Q pk.min ≤Q pk ≤Q pk.max ，
Q svg.min ≤Q svg.m ≤Q svg.max ，
wherein, V i.min And V i.max Voltages V of nodes i respectively i The upper and lower limit values of (2); q pk.min And Q pk..max Respectively a kth photovoltaic inverter reactive power output Q pk Upper and lower limit values of, Q svg.min And Q svg.max Respectively the mth SVG reactive power output Q svg.m Upper and lower limit values of (2).
Preferably, the reactive power output determining module 505 of the photovoltaic inverter and the SVG is configured to determine an objective function of optimal reactive power output of multiple power sources in the photovoltaic power station, and determine the reactive power output of each photovoltaic inverter and the SVG according to an equality constraint condition of the ac line based on reactive power, an equality constraint condition of a grid-connected point of the photovoltaic power station based on active power and reactive power, an upper and lower limit constraint condition of voltage of each node in the photovoltaic power station, and an upper and lower limit constraint condition of reactive power of each power generation unit.
Preferably, the objective function of the optimal reactive power output of multiple power supplies in the photovoltaic power station is as follows:
Figure BDA0002260986540000151
α+β＝1，
Figure BDA0002260986540000152
wherein alpha and beta are weight factors, Q svg.m The reactive power injected into the node i by the mth SVG is represented, and M represents the number of SVGs in the photovoltaic power station; n is the number of nodes; p loss.i-j The active loss between the power grid node i and the power grid node j is obtained; v i And V j Respectively represent the voltages of the node i and the node j; theta ij Representing a voltage phase angle difference between grid node i and grid node j; g ij Is the equivalent conductance between node i and node j.
The multi-power-supply reactive coordination system 500 for the voltage control capability of the photovoltaic power station in the embodiment of the present invention corresponds to the multi-power-supply reactive coordination method 100 for optimizing the voltage control capability of the photovoltaic power station in another embodiment of the present invention, and details thereof are not repeated herein.
The invention has been described with reference to a few embodiments. However, other embodiments of the invention than the one disclosed above are equally possible within the scope of the invention, as would be apparent to a person skilled in the art from the appended patent claims.
Generally, all terms used in the claims are to be interpreted according to their ordinary meaning in the technical field, unless explicitly defined otherwise herein. All references to "a/an/the [ device, component, etc ]" are to be interpreted openly as referring to at least one instance of said device, component, etc., unless explicitly stated otherwise. The steps of any method disclosed herein do not have to be performed in the exact order disclosed, unless explicitly stated.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.

Claims (8)

1. A multi-power-supply reactive power matching method for optimizing voltage control capability of a photovoltaic power station is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining a topological structure of an electric circuit in the photovoltaic power station, and classifying nodes according to the node type of each node in the topological structure to obtain a plurality of node sets;
respectively determining reactive power-based equality constraint conditions of the alternating current line for nodes in each node set;
according to the received active power and voltage commands, determining an equality constraint condition based on the active power and the voltage of the grid-connected point of the photovoltaic electric field;
respectively determining upper and lower limit constraint conditions of voltage of each node in the photovoltaic power station and upper and lower limit constraint conditions of reactive power of each power generation unit according to the operation requirements of the photovoltaic inverter and the SVG (static var compensator);
determining an objective function of optimal reactive power output of multiple power supplies in the photovoltaic power station, and determining reactive power output of each photovoltaic inverter and the SVG according to an equality constraint condition of the AC line based on reactive power, an equality constraint condition of a grid-connected point of the photovoltaic power station based on active power and reactive power, an upper limit constraint condition of voltage of each node in the photovoltaic power station and an upper limit constraint condition of reactive power of each power generation unit;
wherein the separately determining reactive power based equality constraints for the ac line for the nodes in each node set comprises:
for a node of the node set containing only the photovoltaic inverter, determining a first reactive power based equivalent constraint for the ac line as:
Figure FDA0003733386100000011
Figure FDA0003733386100000012
for nodes in the node set only containing the SVG, determining a second equation constraint condition of the AC line based on the reactive power as follows:
Figure FDA0003733386100000013
Figure FDA0003733386100000021
for nodes in the node set that do not include either a photovoltaic inverter or SVG, a third equation constraint based on reactive power for the ac line is determined as:
Figure FDA0003733386100000022
Figure FDA0003733386100000023
wherein, P pk Representing the active power, Q, injected by the kth photovoltaic inverter into node i pk Represents the reactive power injected by the kth photovoltaic inverter to a node i connected with the kth photovoltaic inverter, K represents the number of the photovoltaic inverters in the photovoltaic power station, and delta P i And Δ Q i Respectively representing active and reactive power errors, V i (i =1,2.. N) and V j (j =1,2.. N) represents the voltages of node i and node j, respectively, N is the number of nodes, θ ij Representing the voltage phase angle difference, G, between grid node i and grid node j ij And B ij Respectively representing the conductance parameter and the susceptance parameter of a line between the ith power grid node and the jth power grid node in the node admittance matrix; p Dm (M =1,2.. M) represents the real power that the mth SVG absorbs from the system due to real losses, Q svg.m The reactive power injected into a node i connected with the mth SVG is represented, and M is the number of the SVGs in the photovoltaic power station;
the target function of the multi-power-supply optimal reactive power output in the photovoltaic power station is as follows:
Figure FDA0003733386100000024
α+β＝1，
Figure FDA0003733386100000025
wherein alpha and beta are weight factors, Q vsg.m The reactive power injected into the node i by the mth SVG is represented, and M represents the number of SVGs in the photovoltaic power station; n is the number of nodes; p is loss.i-j The active loss between the power grid node i and the power grid node j is obtained; v i And V j Respectively representing the voltages of the node i and the node j; theta ij Representing a voltage phase angle difference between grid node i and grid node j; g ij Is the equivalent conductance between node i and node j.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the set of nodes comprises: a node set containing only photovoltaic inverters, a node set containing only SVG, and a node set containing neither photovoltaic inverters nor SVG.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein determining the active power and voltage based equality constraints for the grid-connected point of the photovoltaic farm according to the received active power and voltage commands comprises:
P s ＝P ord ，
V S ＝V ord ，
wherein, P ord And V ord Respectively sending an active power instruction and a voltage instruction to a received upper-level dispatch; p S And V S Respectively the active power and the voltage of the grid-connected point of the photovoltaic electric field.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determining the upper and lower limit constraint conditions of the voltage of each node and the upper and lower limit constraint conditions of the reactive power of each power generation unit in the photovoltaic power station respectively according to the operation requirements of the photovoltaic inverter and the SVG (static var generator) without reactive power compensation device comprises the following steps:
V i.min ≤Vi≤V i.max ，
Q pk.min ≤Q pk ≤Q pk.max ，
Q svg.min ≤Q svg.m ≤Q svg.max ，
wherein, V i.min And V i.max Voltages V of nodes i respectively i Upper and lower limit values of (d); q pk.min And Q pk..max Respectively a kth photovoltaic inverter reactive power output Q pk Upper and lower limit values of, Q svg.min And Q svg.max Respectively the mth SVG reactive power output Q svg.m Upper and lower limit values of (1).
5. A multi-power reactive power coordination system for voltage control capability of a photovoltaic power station, the system comprising:
the node classification module is used for determining a topological structure of an electric circuit in the photovoltaic power station and classifying nodes according to the node type of each node in the topological structure so as to obtain a plurality of node sets;
the system comprises an equality constraint condition determining module of the alternating current line, a reactive power-based equality constraint condition determining module and a reactive power-based equality constraint condition determining module, wherein the equality constraint condition determining module is used for respectively determining equality constraint conditions of the alternating current line based on reactive power for nodes in each node set;
the photovoltaic power station grid-connected point equality constraint condition determining module is used for determining equality constraint conditions based on active power and voltage of the photovoltaic power station grid-connected point according to the received active power and voltage instructions;
the node voltage and generating unit reactive power upper and lower limit constraint condition determining module is used for respectively determining upper and lower limit constraint conditions of each node voltage and upper and lower limit constraint conditions of each generating unit reactive power in the photovoltaic power station according to the operation requirements of the photovoltaic inverter and the SVG (static var generator) without the reactive compensation device;
the reactive power output determining module of the photovoltaic inverter and the SVG is used for determining an objective function of optimal reactive power output of multiple power supplies in the photovoltaic power station, and determining the reactive power output of each photovoltaic inverter and the SVG according to an equality constraint condition of the AC line based on reactive power, an equality constraint condition of a grid-connected point of the photovoltaic power station based on active power and reactive power, an upper limit constraint condition and a lower limit constraint condition of voltage of each node in the photovoltaic power station and an upper limit constraint condition and a lower limit constraint condition of reactive power of each power generation unit;
the module for determining the equality constraint condition of the alternating current line determines the equality constraint condition based on the reactive power of the alternating current line for the nodes in each node set respectively, and comprises the following steps:
for a node of the node set containing only the photovoltaic inverter, determining a first reactive power based equivalent constraint for the ac line as:
Figure FDA0003733386100000041
Figure FDA0003733386100000042
for nodes in the node set only containing the SVG, determining a second equation constraint condition of the AC line based on the reactive power as follows:
Figure FDA0003733386100000043
Figure FDA0003733386100000044
for nodes in the node set that do not include either the photovoltaic inverter or the SVG, determining a third equivalent reactive power-based constraint condition for the ac line as follows:
Figure FDA0003733386100000045
Figure FDA0003733386100000046
wherein, P pk Representing the active power, Q, injected by the kth photovoltaic inverter into node i pk Expressing the reactive power injected by the kth photovoltaic inverter to a node i connected with the kth photovoltaic inverter, K expressing the number of photovoltaic inverters in the photovoltaic power station, and delta P i And Δ Q i Respectively representing active and reactive power errors, V i (i =1,2.. N) and V j (j =1,2.. N) represents the voltages of node i and node j, respectively, N is the number of nodes, θ ij Representing the voltage phase angle difference, G, between grid node i and grid node j ij And B ij Respectively representing the conductance parameter and the susceptance parameter of a line between the ith power grid node and the jth power grid node in the node admittance matrix; p Dm (M =1,2.. M) represents the real power that the mth SVG absorbs from the system due to real losses, Q svg.m The reactive power injected into a node i connected with the mth SVG is represented, and M is the number of SVGs in the photovoltaic power station;
the target function of the multi-power-supply optimal reactive power output in the photovoltaic power station is as follows:
Figure FDA0003733386100000051
α+β＝1，
Figure FDA0003733386100000052
wherein alpha and beta are weight factors, Q svg.m The reactive power injected into the node i by the mth SVG is represented, and M represents the number of SVGs in the photovoltaic power station; n is the number of nodes; p is loss.i-j The active loss between the power grid node i and the power grid node j is obtained; v i And V j Respectively represent the voltages of the node i and the node j; theta ij Representing a voltage phase angle difference between grid node i and grid node j; g is a radical of formula ij Is the equivalent conductance between node i and node j.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the set of nodes comprises: a node set containing only photovoltaic inverters, a node set containing only SVG, and a node set containing neither photovoltaic inverters nor SVG.
7. The system of claim 5, wherein the equality constraint determination module of the photovoltaic power plant grid-connected point determines the equality constraint based on the active power and the voltage of the photovoltaic power plant grid-connected point according to the received active power and voltage command, and comprises:
P s ＝P ord ，
V S ＝V ord ，
wherein, P ord And V ord Respectively sending an active power instruction and a voltage instruction to a received upper-level dispatch; p S And V S Respectively the active power and the voltage of the grid-connected point of the photovoltaic electric field.
8. The system according to claim 5, wherein the module for determining the upper and lower limit constraints of the node voltage and the reactive power of the generating unit respectively determines the upper and lower limit constraints of each node voltage and the upper and lower limit constraints of each reactive power of the generating unit in the photovoltaic power station according to the operation requirements of the photovoltaic inverter and the SVG, and comprises:
V i.min ≤Vi≤V i.max ，
Q pk.min ≤Q pk ≤Q pk.max ，
Q svg.min ≤Q svg.m ≤Q svg.max ，
wherein, V i.min And V i.max Voltages V of nodes i respectively i The upper and lower limit values of (2); q pk.min And Q pk..max Respectively as the reactive power Q of the kth photovoltaic inverter pk Upper and lower limit values of, Q svg.min And Q svg.max Respectively the mth SVG reactive power output Q svg.m Upper and lower limit values of (1).
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