CN110880753B - Method for correcting line loss of platform area based on HPLC environment - Google Patents
Method for correcting line loss of platform area based on HPLC environment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for correcting line loss of a station area based on an HPLC environment belongs to the field of power supply management. Firstly, obtaining a topological structure diagram of a cell layer of a low-voltage distribution network, user information, and obtaining an electric quantity and a line loss statistical value of a station area measured by a gateway table and a user terminal ammeter side; identifying parameters of each line segment in the cell layer distribution network; according to the user phase identification, the floor line and the line segment parameter identification results of the district layer distribution system, the line-by-line and phase-by-phase calculation is respectively carried out on the technical line losses of the floor layer and the district layer; judging the line loss statistical value of the station area; and identifying the abnormal points of the data, and correcting the corresponding monthly electricity consumption of the user, and further correcting the monthly electricity consumption and the line loss of the station area. According to the obtained line loss calculation result, a link with high line loss of the low-voltage transformer area is found, so that the line loss can be treated more effectively, and the line loss of the low-voltage transformer area can be reduced rapidly. The method can be widely applied to the field of operation management of power supply systems.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of power supply operation management, and particularly relates to a loss reduction method for line loss of a low-voltage transformer area.
Background
In an electrical power system, a bay is generally referred to as a power supply range or area of a transformer(s).
Active power losses and electrical energy losses generated during transmission and distribution of the power grid are collectively referred to as line losses.
The types of line losses can be generally classified into 5 types of statistical line losses, theoretical line losses, management line losses, economic line losses, rated line losses, and the like.
The low-voltage transformer area is a main link for line loss.
However, under the current line loss refinement platform, the line loss statistical value of the low-voltage transformer area can only be obtained through comparison of the power supply and sales quantity. The statistics are sometimes not very accurate due to meter or communication failures, etc.; even if the line loss is accurate, the technical line loss and the management line loss cannot be distinguished, and the link in which the line loss mainly occurs cannot be mastered, so that the line loss management of the low-voltage transformer area lacks an effective means.
Most of the residential loads are three-level loads, the power supply is generally taken from a 10kV power supply loop of a nearby 110-35/10 kV regional substation, and then reduced in voltage to 0.4kV power supply through 10kV distribution transformer of a cell.
The cell low-voltage power distribution system is divided into two links in a cell-building:
(1) Cell layer power distribution system: and a step from a 0.4kV outlet of the district distribution transformer to a unit low-voltage distribution room (for high-rise/small high-rise unit type houses)/a unit distribution box (for multi-layer unit type houses). Three-phase power supply modes of TN-S or TN-C-S are usually adopted, and radial wiring is carried out.
(2) An in-building power distribution system: and a link from the unit low-voltage distribution room/unit distribution box to the user ammeter. For a unit type high-rise residence, a small low-voltage distribution room is usually arranged in a unit basement, a plurality of low-voltage distribution and metering cabinets are arranged in the distribution room for supplying power by unit double power sources, and the power is supplied to each floor in a radial type, tree type or partition tree type. For multi-storey houses or villas, a floor type wind and rain box is arranged at a proper position in front of a building or a floor type incoming line box is arranged at an entrance of a first storey of a unit to serve as an intermediate distribution point, so that power is supplied to each building or each storey of building in a radial mode. Each unit typically provides a three-phase power supply to facilitate three-phase load balancing. Cell power distribution generally takes two forms: firstly, a unit main switch, a branch switch and each household metering ammeter are arranged in a unit distribution box, and radial wiring is used from the unit distribution box to each household distribution box; second, as shown in fig. 1, a main unit switch is provided in a unit distribution box, trunk wiring is adopted from the unit distribution box to a floor distribution box, a meter and a distribution switch for each resident are provided in a floor distribution box, and radial distribution is adopted from the floor distribution box to each resident. With the increase of domestic electricity scale, the latter wiring mode is more common at present.
Currently, the power line high-speed carrier (high-speed power line carrier, HPLC) power consumption information acquisition technology is becoming mature. Through HPLC and smart electric meter, can in time report the outage time, pass back low pressure user metering point every 5 min's voltage, electric current and electric quantity, implement district discernment and phase place discernment to low pressure user. The functions provide new conditions for grasping the topology structure of the low-voltage distribution network, further accurately analyzing the line loss of the low-voltage transformer area and developing the line loss management of the low-voltage transformer area.
Based on the above situation, in the aspect of power supply management and energy management at present, it is urgently needed to construct a low-voltage station area line loss analysis and treatment method which is suitable for a new acquisition environment, so as to rapidly improve the operation efficiency of a low-voltage link.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for correcting line loss of a platform area based on an HPLC environment. The method utilizes split-phase voltage, current and power data of a floor collector and a user ammeter in an HPLC system to provide a low-voltage distribution network structure chromatography and line parameter analysis method of two layers of floor lines in a door opening and a district power distribution system. And further, carrying out line-by-line phase-by-phase line loss calculation on the inner floor and the cell floor of the building by utilizing the obtained line parameters to obtain the technical line loss and management line loss separation value of the cell power distribution system. And then, finding out a link with high line loss of the low-voltage transformer area according to the obtained line length, the line-by-line load current and the line loss calculation result of each link, thereby being capable of more effectively treating the line loss and rapidly reducing the line loss of the low-voltage transformer area.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a station area line loss correction method based on an HPLC environment, which is characterized in that:
1) Obtaining a topological structure diagram of a cell layer of the low-voltage distribution network from the PMS; acquiring user information from the CIS; acquiring an electrical quantity measured by a gateway meter and a user terminal ammeter side from an HPLC system; obtaining a line loss statistical value of the transformer area from a line loss refinement platform;
2) Identifying parameters of each line segment in the cell layer distribution network;
3) According to the user phase identification, the floor line and the line segment parameter identification results of the district layer distribution system, the line-by-line and phase-by-phase calculation is respectively carried out on the technical line losses of the floor layer and the district layer;
4) Judging the line loss statistical value of the station area;
5) And identifying the abnormal points of the data, and correcting the corresponding monthly electricity consumption of the user, and further correcting the monthly electricity consumption and the line loss of the station area.
The line-by-line and phase-by-phase calculation comprises neutral line loss calculation, so that the calculation result is more in line with the actual technical loss of the station area.
Further, the discrimination of the line loss statistical value of the district comprises the phase-by-phase and line-by-line technical line loss analysis of the district distribution network and the floor line phase-by-phase and line-by-line technical line loss analysis.
Specifically, the phase-by-phase and line-by-line technology line loss analysis of the cell distribution network comprises the following steps:
the first step: obtaining split-phase current of each door opening;
and a second step of: calculating the current on each line segment in the platform area by using the door opening current;
and a third step of: the region can be further obtained by the current on the line segment technical line loss of each section of the cell layer t period;
fourth step: calculating three-phase average current and three-phase current unbalance of each door opening;
fifth step: calculating the neutral line loss of each door opening;
sixth step: firstly, calculating the sum of split-phase currents flowing into all door openings, so as to obtain the three-phase average current and the three-phase current unbalance of a cell layer;
seventh step: and calculating the cell layer neutral line loss.
Specifically, the floor line phase-by-phase line-by-line technical line loss analysis comprises:
the first step: acquiring current values transmitted on floor lines of each time period;
and a second step of: according to the calculation results of the resistance and reactance of each section of the floor line, the current transmitted by the floor line is combined to calculate the line loss of each section of the split-phase technology;
and a third step of: calculating the three-phase current unbalance degree of each layer;
fourth step: according to the current value of each layer of user and the identification result of the user phase, the neutral line current of each layer is obtained;
fifth step: and calculating the neutral line loss of each layer in the door opening.
Specifically, the statistical value of the line loss of the transformer area is judged, and the statistical value comprises the positioning of a door opening with unbalanced three phases, the positioning of a line with unbalanced load, the judgment of whether the power supply radius meets the specification and the line type rationality analysis.
Further, the identification of the abnormal points comprises the identification of the abnormal measurement value of the power consumption, the correction of the line loss of the station area, the detection of electricity theft, the correction of the line loss of the station area and the correction of the sales power quantity and the line loss of the station area.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. according to the technical scheme, the analysis of the wiring mode and the line parameters of the low-voltage distribution network is realized by using the measurement data, so that a foundation is provided for calculating the technical loss of the transformer area;
2. based on the platform area structure and the parameter chromatography result, the line loss analysis of the line-by-line and phase-by-phase technology in the low-voltage platform area and the separation of the technology line loss and the management line loss can be realized, and the high-transmission link of the line loss of the low-voltage platform area is found, so that the line loss is more effectively treated, the line loss of the low-voltage platform area is rapidly reduced, and the fine management of the line loss of the low-voltage platform area is promoted;
3. the method has the advantages that the method for searching the suspicious electricity stealing users based on the horizontal migration judgment of the electrical quantity time sequence can be constructed by analyzing the time sequence based on the voltage, the current, the power and the power factor of the user side, the timeliness of electricity stealing prevention is improved, and the electricity stealing type can be estimated;
4. based on the line length and line-by-line phase loss analysis results, the method can further calculate and analyze the construction and operation indexes of the distribution network such as the low-voltage power supply radius, the door opening three-phase load balance degree and the like, and popularize and apply loss reduction means which are only suitable for medium-voltage and high-voltage distribution networks to the low-voltage distribution network, and promote loss reduction and energy conservation of the low-voltage distribution network.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical residential building on-floor low voltage power distribution system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a process for identifying line loss problem of a zone management in an HPLC environment according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a suspicious user search flow for electricity theft based on HPLC electrical level migration determination in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Currently, the power line high-speed carrier (high-speed power line carrier, HPLC) power consumption information acquisition technology is becoming mature. Through HPLC and smart electric meter, can in time report the outage time, pass back low pressure user metering point every 5 min's voltage, electric current and electric quantity, implement district discernment and phase place discernment to low pressure user. The functions provide new conditions for grasping the topology structure of the low-voltage distribution network, further accurately analyzing the line loss of the low-voltage transformer area and developing the line loss management of the low-voltage transformer area.
According to the technical scheme, split-phase voltage, current and power data of a floor collector and a user ammeter in an HPLC system are utilized to analyze the structure chromatography and line parameters of a low-voltage distribution network of two floors of a floor line in a door opening and a district power distribution system; further, line loss and phase loss calculation is carried out on the inner floors and the cell floors by line and phase loss by phase line respectively by using the obtained line parameters, and a cell distribution system technical line loss and management line loss separation value is obtained; then, according to the obtained line length, line-by-line load current and line loss calculation results of each link, searching for proper technical loss reduction measures of a target station area from the angles of power supply radius, three-phase balance, wire selection rationality and the like; and exploring a management loss reducing way.
The invention provides a method for correcting line loss of a platform area based on an HPLC environment, which is characterized in that:
1) Obtaining a topological structure diagram of a cell layer of the low-voltage distribution network from the PMS; acquiring user information from the CIS; acquiring an electrical quantity measured by a gateway meter and a user terminal ammeter side from an HPLC system; obtaining a line loss statistical value of the transformer area from a line loss refinement platform;
2) Identifying parameters of each line segment in the cell layer distribution network;
3) According to the user phase identification, the floor line and the line segment parameter identification results of the district layer distribution system, the line-by-line and phase-by-phase calculation is respectively carried out on the technical line losses of the floor layer and the district layer;
4) Judging the line loss statistical value of the station area;
5) And identifying the abnormal points of the data, and correcting the corresponding monthly electricity consumption of the user, and further correcting the monthly electricity consumption and the line loss of the station area.
The following further describes the technical scheme:
A. analysis of the in-building power distribution network:
the HPLC collects the phase voltage, phase current and electric quantity at each user power receiving point, and the phase voltage, phase current and electric quantity at the floor collector, wherein the floor electric quantity is the sum of the power receiving quantity of each user of each floor. Most resident users of the users adopt single-phase power supply, and the analysis of the distribution network structure in the building comprises the problems of split-phase low-voltage distribution line wiring mode identification and each matched electric line parameter identification.
The core problem of intra-building phase-by-phase line identification is to determine the phase to which each user belongs.
The phase identification method provided by the technical scheme is a data analysis method based on the voltage, current and electric quantity measurement signals of the user side, and the result can be used as the supplement of the identification result of the physical method; meanwhile, the method is not limited to a physical identification method, because the physical identification method for transmitting the power line carrier signal only gives the phase of each user, the front-back sequence relation of the wiring among the users is not determined, and the method provided by the technical scheme can determine the serial connection relation among the in-phase users while giving the phase identification result.
A1, phase identification:
in each layer, in-phase users belong to a tandem relationship, and downstream user load changes can cause the same-direction changes of the in-phase user load and all in-phase upstream and downstream user voltages. Thus, the same-layer in-phase user voltage fluctuation has a significantly higher correlation than the non-in-phase user, and the closer the two metering points are electrically separated, the greater the voltage correlation. According to the principle, the t-moment s-phase voltage acquired by the f-th layer collector in the door opening is recorded asRecording the phase voltage measured by the ith user metering device in the layer at the same time as U f,i (t), the process of identifying the user phase and the serial connection relation between the users at the same layer is as follows:
first oneStep (c) of: calculating the correlation coefficient of all user phase voltages of the f th layer and each phase voltage of the floor collector, and recording the correlation coefficient of the i th user of the f th layer and the s phase voltage obtained by the floor collector as gamma f,s-i 。
And a second step of: for each user belonging to the f-th layer, finding out the phase with the largest voltage correlation coefficient as the phase to which the user belongs, namely taking the phase of the i-th user of the f-th layer
s f,i ＝argmax{γ f,s-i ；s∈{A,B,C}}
And a third step of: according to the result of the last step, the users belonging to the s phase (s epsilon { A, B, C }) of the f layer are determined according to the correlation coefficient of the users and the in-phase voltage acquired by the acquisition deviceSequencing from big to small, and determining the tandem relation between the same-layer in-phase users by the closest to the collector with larger correlation coefficient.
Fourth step: and (3) repeating the steps 1-3 for all floors f, so that each phase connection mode (comprising the phase of each user and the serial connection relation among the users) can be determined.
The user set of the f-th layer s-phase (s.epsilon { A, B, C }) is denoted Ω f,s 。
A2, floor line parameter identification:
in view of the fact that the same-floor user metering devices are placed in the same meter box and are very close to each other, the distance and loss of the part of the line are ignored. Thus, the floor line parameter identification includes: (1) the length of the line segment between the floor collectors; (2) impedance of the inter-floor collector line segment.
F layers are arranged in the door opening, wherein the lengths of the floor lines from the F th layer to the f+1 th layer are recorded asThe corresponding resistance is +.>Reactance is +.>F layer of time period t acquisitionThe s-phase (s.epsilon { A, B, C }) voltage at the collector isRecording the electric quantity conveyed on the floor line of s-phase (s epsilon { A, B, C }) of the f-th to f+1th layers of time period t as +.>The floor line parameter identification flow is as follows:
the first step: and acquiring the current value conveyed on the floor line of each time period. The current supplied on a certain floor line is equal to the sum of the power supply currents of all users downstream of the floor line in the period of time, namely
In the above-mentioned method, the step of,the current of s phase at time t measured by the k-th layer collector is equal to the sum of all the user power-receiving currents of the phase at the time.
And a second step of: and collecting the voltages of each phase of each period collected at the floor collector, and solving the voltage loss. Voltage loss on s-phase floor lines of f to f+1st layer:
according to the second equation in the above equation, the impedance of the floor line can be theoretically obtained by using the voltage and current values at one time. However, in view of possible errors in the voltage and current measurement values, the impedance of the floor line is obtained by adopting a next fitting method.
And a third step of: for the floor lines between two floors, constructing the following minimization problem, and fitting the impedance of the floor lines between floors in the door opening by solving the problem
A3, analyzing a cell layer power distribution network structure:
the wiring mode of the cell layer distribution system can be checked in the PMS system, so the structural analysis is focused on determining the length, resistance and reactance parameter values of each line segment. The basic data of the parameter identification is only the voltage, current and electric quantity data collected at the outlet of the distribution transformer 0.4kV, the terminal data is the voltage and current at the first layer of collectors in the door opening, and the acquired floor line impedance can be used for calculating the loss of the floor line in the door opening, so that the power supply quantity at the first layer of collectors in the door opening is reversely deduced. Based on the data, the technical scheme provides a line loss comparison method for identifying parameters of each line segment in the cell layer distribution network.
The method comprises the following steps:
the first step: obtaining raw data, including: (1) acquiring the power receiving quantity of a layer of collectors in the door opening, namely the total power supply quantity of the whole door opening, and marking the mth door opening asThe value is obtained by adding the power receiving quantity of all users in the door opening in the t period and the power loss value of the user in the door opening in the t period; (2) the split-phase current of each door opening is recorded as +.>The current sum of all users of the door opening at the moment t is the sum of the currents of all users of the door opening at the moment t; (3) power supply quantity E of 0.4kV side t period of distribution transformer T (t). From the following components
The total technical loss of the cell distribution network link in the station area in the t period can be obtained (M in the formula represents the gate opening set in the station area).
And a second step of: and constructing a downstream node identification matrix gamma according to the cell distribution network structure. Wherein elements in the downstream node identification matrix take values according to the following rule
And a third step of: the current on each line segment in the area is calculated by the gate opening current. Because the cell distribution network is in a radial connection mode, each node corresponds to one branch at the upstream of the cell distribution network, and thus the current of the branch corresponding to the node can be represented by the node injection current. Further, the current at time t for the s-th phase can be calculated as follows:
in the above formula: n is the number of cell layer nodes in the station area;a vector formed by currents at t time on each line segment of the s-th phase of a cell layer in the station area; />And injecting a vector formed by current at the s-th phase t moment of each node in the platform area, wherein the injected current is equal to the phase current flowing into the door opening only when the node is an end node (namely the door opening distribution box), and otherwise, the injected current is zero.
The theoretical value of the total loss of the cell layer t period of the transformer area can be further written by the current on the line segment as follows:
fourth step: the resistance value of each line segment is obtained through the problem (as follows) that the deviation between the loss theoretical value and the actual measurement value of each time period of the cell layer is minimized:
fifth step: to further obtain the branch impedance, and thus the branch reactance and the line length, intra-cell bifurcation nodes (i.e., at least two downstream nodes of the node, including a distribution outlet node, i.e., a node numbered 0) are counted and denoted as a set N C The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the For each bifurcation node k ε N C Defining a set of paths L k Each element in the set corresponds to a path from the node to the end door opening node; also, for each path L ε L k All nodes belonging to the path but not including the path head node are denoted as set N l The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Defining a voltage vector at the s-th phase t of a cell end nodeThe vector dimension is equal to the number of cell nodes, and the corresponding element is non-zero only when the ith node is the end gate aperture node. Thus, the path L E L led out by the bifurcation node k The voltage at the s-th phase t moment of the calculated bifurcation point k can be calculated as follows:
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,a column vector with only the j-th element being 1 and the remaining elements being zero; z is Z j Is the impedance of a segment in the cell with the jth node as the tail node.
Sixth step: constructing the following optimization problem, and fitting the impedance Z of each line segment meeting the following optimization target j
The above indicates that the impedance of each line segment of the cell layer should be such that the voltages calculated by each bifurcation node according to each path thereof are approximately equal.
Seventh step: from Z j And R is j Calculating reactance X of line segment j j The calculation formula is as follows:
eighth step: and obtaining the resistance and reactance value of each line segment in unit length and the corresponding line type. The method comprises the steps of firstly solving a wire impedance angle, and calculating the j-th line segment impedance angle according to the formula:
comparing the result with the impedance angle of each 0.4kV cable, finding out the line type of the section which is closest, and recording the corresponding resistance and reactance of unit length as r l And x l Then by
l l ＝R l /r l
Or l l ＝X l /x l
The length of this line segment can be determined.
Under the prior centralized meter reading environment, only the line loss statistical value of the low-voltage transformer area can be obtained through the comparison of the power supply and sales quantity, the technical line loss and the management line loss cannot be separated, and the generation links of the technical line loss cannot be subdivided.
The topology result and the line parameters of the low-voltage distribution network can be layered out under the HPLC acquisition environment, which provides possibility for calculating the technical line loss according to the load data; the technical line loss calculation value is subtracted from the line loss statistical value, so that the management line loss of the station area can be further known; in addition, the line loss can be definitely and phase by phase loss by line during the technical line loss analysis, and a basis is provided for the fine management of the line loss of the low-voltage transformer area.
B. The line loss calculation method of the line-by-line phase-by-phase technology of the station area comprises the following steps:
according to the user phase identification and the identification results of the parameters of each line segment of the floor line and cell layer distribution system, the line-by-line and phase-by-phase calculation can be respectively carried out on the technical line losses of the floor layer and the cell layer, so that the line loss refined analysis is realized. The technical line loss calculation method of the platform region is different from the traditional theoretical line loss calculation method: on one hand, the method in the technical scheme is implemented by line-by-line and phase-by-phase calculation; on the other hand, considering that the problem of unbalanced three-phase load in the low-voltage distribution system is more remarkable, the method constructed in the technical scheme comprises neutral line loss calculation, so that the calculation result can be more in line with the actual technical loss of the transformer area.
B1, calculating the line loss by the floor line phase-by-phase line-by-line technology:
f layers are arranged in the door opening, wherein the resistances and the reactances of the floor lines of the F th layer to the f+1 th layer are respectively(f=1, …, f-1), the floor line progressive loss calculation flow is as follows:
the first step: and acquiring the current value conveyed on the floor line of each time period. The current delivered on a certain floor line being equal to the sum of the currents of all users downstream thereof for that period of time, i.e
In the above-mentioned method, the step of,the current at t moment on the s-phase floor line of the f-th to f+1th floors; i k,i (t) is the current at time t of the ith user of the kth layer; omega shape f,s Is the user set of the s-phase of the f-layer.
And a second step of: and according to the calculation results of the resistance and reactance of each section of the floor line, the current transmitted by the floor line is combined to calculate the line loss of each section of the split-phase technology. For technical line loss on s-phase floor lines of the f th to f+1th layers of the time period t, the calculation formula is as follows
And a third step of: and calculating the three-phase current unbalance degree of each layer. Firstly, calculating the split-phase current value of each layer according to the user current value of each layer of the door opening and the identification result of the user phase, further calculating the three-phase current average value of each layer, obtaining the three-phase current unbalance degree of each layer, and obtaining the split-phase current, the three-phase current average value and the three-phase current unbalance degree of the f-th layer in the period t by the following formula
Obviously for three-phase current unbalance degree
Fourth step: according to the current value of each layer of user and the identification result of the user phase, the neutral line current of each layer is obtained, and the neutral line current of the f-th layer of the time period t is obtained according to the following formula
Recording deviceThen there is
Representing by three-phase current imbalanceHas the following components
Fifth step: and calculating the neutral line loss of each layer in the door opening. Based on the obtained f-layer neutral line current, let the f-layer neutral line resistance be R f,0 The neutral line loss of the f th layer of the period t is
B2, calculating line loss by phase and line by the cell distribution network:
according to the resistances and reactance values of all line segments of the district layer distribution system obtained in the previous description, the current values of all the door opening user electricity meters are combined, and the technical line loss of the district layer can be calculated line by line and phase by phase.
The technical line loss calculation flow is as follows:
the first step: the split-phase current of each door opening is obtained by adding the current values of all users in the same phase in t time periods in the door opening, and the current at the s-th time t of the kth door opening is recorded asThe calculation formula is as follows
And a second step of: the current on each line segment in the gate opening current calculation platform area is calculated according to the calculation formula of the current at the s-th phase t moment:
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,a vector formed by currents at t time on each line segment of the s-th phase of a cell layer in the station area; />Injecting a vector formed by current at the s-th phase t moment of each node in the platform region, wherein the injected current is equal to the phase current flowing into the gate hole only when the node is an end node (namely the gate hole), otherwise, the injected current is zero; n is the number of cell layer nodes in the platform region, and each line segment can be uniquely represented by its tail node aiming at the tree structure of the cell layer, so +.>Representing the current on a segment with node l as the tail node.
And a third step of: the current on the line segment can be used for further writing out the technical line loss of each section of the layer t period of the district, and the calculation formula of the technical loss of the section l s-th phase t moment is as follows
In the above equation, τ is the time interval of current measurement.
Fourth step: calculating the three-phase average current and the three-phase current unbalance of each door opening, wherein the calculation formula of the three-phase average current and the three-phase current unbalance at the time t of the kth door opening is as follows
Fifth step: calculating the neutral line loss of each door opening, and setting the neutral line resistance of the kth door opening as R k,0 The neutral line loss calculation formula at the time t of the kth door opening is
Sixth step: firstly, calculating the sum of split-phase currents flowing into all door openings, and obtaining the three-phase average current and the three-phase current unbalance of the cell layer. Providing a total of K gate openings for the cell layer, and summing the split-phase currents of the gate openings to be
Further calculating three-phase average current and three-phase current unbalance of cell layer
Seventh step: let the neutral line resistance of the cell layer be R 0 The cell layer neutral line loss is calculated according to the following formula
B3, calculating the management line loss of the station area:
subtracting the technical line loss calculation value from the corrected line loss statistical value of the transformer area to obtain a transformer area management line loss value, namely
In the above, ΔE M The management line loss of the area in the current month is represented; e (E) T (t) is the technical line loss calculation value of the t-moment area, and is calculated according to the following formula
In the above-mentioned method, the step of,representing the cell distribution line loss in the t period; />And the loss of the distribution line in the building in the period t is represented.
C. The low-voltage area technology loss reduction way is as follows:
under the traditional acquisition environment, three-phase unbalance can be separated from a low-voltage station, but the three-phase load is balanced without knowing how to start; meanwhile, the current and the loss on each line cannot be known, and other methods for analyzing the loss reduction measures of the station area technology are also lacking. The HPLC acquisition environment provides possibility for line parameter chromatography and line-by-line loss analysis in the transformer area, thereby enriching means for analyzing low-voltage transformer area technology loss reduction paths, and specifically comprising the following steps:
(1) Positioning of three-phase unbalanced door openings: the three-phase unbalance degree of each door opening can be evaluated, and the door opening needing to be treated by three-phase unbalance can be positioned. For the door openings, the three-phase load balance degree can be optimized through user phase adjustment.
(2) Line location of load imbalance: the load rate balance between the lines led out from the district distribution transformer should be achieved as much as possible, and the heavy load of part of the lines and the light load of the other part of the lines are avoided. Therefore, load factor balance degree evaluation can be implemented on the load factor of the station transformer line, and the station areas with unbalanced load among the stations can be found out. For the built transformer area, the inter-line load cutting-over difficulty is higher, but the evaluation result can be used as an evaluation basis of engineering quality and as a reference of subsequent similar cell wiring engineering.
(3) Determining whether the power supply radius meets the specification: the low-voltage power supply radius is defined as less than or equal to 150m in the 'regulations of a plurality of technical principles of the power grid', but the low-voltage power supply radius cannot be actually measured and analyzed in the traditional acquisition environment. According to the district distribution network chromatographic result of the second chapter, the lengths of district layer and inner layer line segments are obtained, so that calculation and analysis can be carried out on the maximum power supply radius of the district, and whether the specification of the technical principle is met or not is judged. The unreasonable power supply radius is mainly caused by unreasonable addressing and unreasonable wiring of a district transformer substation, and shortening the power supply radius is not feasible for the built district, but the evaluation result can be used as the evaluation basis of engineering quality and as the reference of the subsequent similar district wiring engineering.
(4) Linear rationality analysis: whether the distribution lines in the community and the distribution lines in the building have perennial heavy load and light load lines or not is examined, and if other line types are replaced to help to reduce the loss, the problem that the line type is unreasonable exists in the platform area is described.
C1, analyzing the unbalanced degree of the inter-phase load of the door opening:
the inter-phase load unbalance degree of the door opening can be measured by the three-phase current unbalance degree of the door opening, and the calculation formula of the three-phase current unbalance degree of the kth door opening is as follows
Of the formula (I)And->The maximum and minimum phase currents in the three phases of the kth door opening at the moment t are respectively, namely
Wherein the method comprises the steps ofAnd->Is the kth door opening at the t moment +.>The sum of the currents of the respective users.
The relevant regulations of the electric power system prescribe that the three-phase load unbalance degree of the main line and the main branch line cannot exceed 20 percent, and the three-phase balance of the main line and each branch line is directly influenced by the three-phase balance of the door opening, so that the judgment standard is popularized to the door opening, if the three-phase current unbalance degree of the door opening is more than 20 percent, the judgment is unreasonable, and the three-phase load balance is taken as a technical loss reduction measure which needs to be considered for the corresponding door opening and the corresponding platform area.
If defined asDegree of unbalance of phase current
Wherein: i φ For each phase of current, Φ= { a, B, C }; i av Is a three-phase average current. The power loss calculation formula under the condition of three-phase load unbalance is considered as follows
The cross section of the neutral line in the low-voltage power grid is the same as that of the phase line, namely R is arranged 0 =r, so the above can be simplified to
From the above, it can be seen that beta at three-phase load balancing A ＝β B ＝β C =0, at which the line loss Δp is minimum, isWhen the imbalance of the three-phase load increases, the line loss increases, and the greater the imbalance, the greater the line loss. At the same timeObtaining the line loss correction coefficient under the condition of three-phase load unbalance
The method can be used for evaluating the reduction value of the line loss of each door opening and then the station area after the three-phase load unbalance problem is corrected.
C2, interline load unbalance analysis:
the load of the distribution line should be balanced as much as possible to avoid some lines being overloaded and some lines being lightly loaded. However, with respect to cell door opening arrangements, inter-line load balancing can only be considered between adjacent wires. For this purpose, the load unbalance degree between the cell distribution network lines is defined as the maximum value of the maximum and minimum power percentage deviation between adjacent lines in a certain period of time in the cell distribution system, namely
Wherein: Θ is the set of neighboring lines within the cell;and->The maximum and minimum values of the transmission power at the transformer outlet at the moment of the sigma-th group adjacent line t, respectively. The outgoing line transmission power of the transformer can be obtained by step-by-step reverse pushing through a method of terminal power and line loss under the condition that the power supply quantity of a first layer collector of a door opening is known.
Because the line-to-line load balance degree is related to the distribution condition of users in a cell and the electricity utilization habit of the users in each door opening, the line-to-line load balance degree can only be used as a reference when the line loss of a low-voltage transformer area is analyzed for unreasonable reasons, and the line-to-line load balance is difficult to realize through line-to-line load cutting.
And C3, rationality analysis of power supply radius:
the power supply radius generally refers to the linear distance between the substation and the furthest load point it supplies, but the low voltage power supply radius generally refers to the line length, rather than the spatial distance, between the power supply point and the furthest load it supplies.
And according to the length of the cell layer line segment obtained in the previous step, calculating and analyzing the maximum power supply radius of the cell. For this purpose, the line length (hereinafter referred to as a path) of the cell allocation to each gate opening needs to be calculated first, and the maximum value thereof is the maximum power supply radius of the cell.
Constructing distribution line length vector L according to the line length of each line segment of the cell layer calculated in the previous step XQ I.e.
Wherein, I i Represents the line length of a line segment with the ith node as a tail node, wherein l 1 =0. According to the downstream node identification matrix Γ constructed in the second chapter, the power supply radius vector of each node can be further calculatedAs follows->
In the node power supply radius vector,representing the total length of the line from the ith node to the distribution transformer outlet, and when i is a door opening node +.>I.e. the length of one passage.
And then calculating the sum of the floor line lengths in each door opening. The maximum length vector of the door opening floor line is recorded as
In the middle ofThe maximum length of the floor line representing the door opening corresponding to the ith node, if the ith node does not correspond to the door opening, the floor line is +.>Otherwise, calculate according to the following formula
In the middle ofAnd the line length from the f floor to the f+1 floor of the door opening corresponding to the ith node.
Finally, the maximum power supply radius of the cell is obtained, namely
According to the technical principle, the radius of low-voltage power supply should not exceed 150m, so the judgmentIf the cell line length exceeds 150m, the cell line length is unreasonable.
D. Management line loss identification flow under HPLC environment:
the flow of analyzing the line loss management problem existing in the transformer area is as shown in fig. 2:
(1) Obtaining a management line loss value: and adopting the abnormal value in the correction station area line loss statistical value, and simultaneously adopting the calculation and analysis of the station area technical line loss, and further subtracting the contemporaneous station area technical line loss from the station area line loss statistical value to obtain the station area management line loss.
(2) Identifying abnormal value of electricity consumption and correcting line loss: and identifying the abnormal points of the data, and correcting the corresponding monthly electricity consumption of the user, and further correcting the monthly electricity consumption and the line loss of the station area.
(3) Investigation of electricity theft behavior in a bay: and finding out users suspected to steal electricity in the transformer area, estimating the electricity stealing quantity of the users, and correcting the electricity supplying quantity and the line loss of the transformer area.
D1, identifying abnormal electricity consumption measurement values and correcting line loss of the transformer area:
the abnormality of the user electricity consumption collection data in the HPLC environment mainly has two phenomena: firstly, signal crosstalk caused by carrier communication faults is recorded into a table of similar addresses, so that meter jump words appear, and the meter jump words appear as step mutation of metering data; and secondly, the data defects caused by the meter chip defects, such as current, electric quantity and other problems. In view of the fact that the first problem only affects the accuracy of the user account-out electric quantity and electric charge, and does not affect the sales electric quantity and line loss statistics of the transformer area, the project only researches the identification of the second problem and the corresponding correction problem of the line loss of the transformer area.
After analysis of the user-side data collected by HPLC, it was found that the data resulting from the meter chip defects often appears as current, voltage, but no power, including both a partial period of zero power and a full period of zero power. These power zero conditions must be distinguished from zero charge caused by a user stealing electricity.
For this purpose, record I k (t)、U k (t)、P k (t) is the current, voltage and power value measured at the kth user metering point at the moment t respectively, if part of the time period satisfies:
I k (t) > 0 and U k (t) > 0 and P k (t)＝0
It can be determined that the data is abnormal due to the meter problem; if the current is nonzero and the power is zero continuously, the meter problem and the electricity stealing possibility are possible, the suspicious electricity stealing users need to be listed, and the suspicious electricity stealing users are determined after manual inspection.
For the user who satisfies the above situation, the correction of the electric power for time t is performed by the following method
In the above, P k ' t is the corrected power value of electricity for the kth user at time t;for the power factor used for active power correction by the kth user at the moment, the power factor value closest to the moment t in the moment when the measurement value of the electric power used by the user is non-zero can be taken.
After correcting the power value at the metering point of the user, the monthly electricity sales of the district is calculated according to the following formula
Then, the correction value of the line loss of the area is calculated as follows:
ΔE＝E G -E S '
d2, electricity theft detection and station area line loss correction:
the purpose of the electricity larceny detection is to find out the suspected electricity larceny users in the platform area.
The solution of this problem in the HPLC acquisition environment has two major features:
(1) the method can judge by utilizing the measured values of voltage, current and electric quantity in multiple aspects, judge the suspicious user of electricity stealing, and judge the type of electricity stealing according to the combination relation among a plurality of quantities;
(2) because a little is collected in 5 minutes, the starting and stopping time of electricity larceny can be accurately judged, and therefore the electricity selling quantity and the line loss of the station area can be accurately corrected.
(1) The method for searching the suspicious user during electricity theft comprises the following steps:
the combined appearance of the user-side measurement data presented below for different electricity theft means is different: the voltage loss/undervoltage method steals the electricity to cause voltage sudden drop, and then the active power metering value and the accumulated electricity consumption are reduced; the current suddenly drops due to the current losing/undercurrent method, so that the active power metering value and the accumulated electricity consumption are reduced; the phase shifting method can lead to sudden drop of the power factor, and further leads to drop of the active power metering value and the accumulated electricity consumption, wherein the power factor does not directly display feedback, but can be examined through the ratio relation between the active power metering value and the voltage and current product; the voltage, current and power factor change conditions under other electricity stealing modes are complex, and the combination condition is not single, but the active power and the electricity consumption can be suddenly reduced.
Whichever power theft technique always causes a sudden drop in some amount of electricity (e.g. voltage, current, power factor, active power),
d3, a method for searching the suspicious electricity stealing user based on the HPLC electric quantity horizontal migration judgment comprises the following steps:
let the time series of the electrical collection quantity to be examined of the user k be x 1 ，x 2 ，…，x n The collection sequence can be voltage (for under-voltage/under-voltage method), current (for under-current method and under-current method), power factor (for phase-shifting method) and daily electricity quantity (for other possible electricity stealing modes), and each user judges whether to classify the user into the suspicious electricity stealing mode or not through the flow shown in figure 3.
The method detects the downward horizontal drop point of the electric quantity by continuously moving the window, wherein the fixed window drop point detection of each step is implemented by the following steps:
the first step: solving the cumulative sum value, wherein the calculation formula is as follows
S 0 ＝0
Wherein the method comprises the steps ofIs x 1 x 2 …x n Mean of (a), i.e
And a second step of: solving the maximum deviation value of the cumulative sum value, wherein the calculation formula is as follows
And a third step of: solving the cumulative sum and the maximum deviation value of various permutation and combination of the original time sequence;
rearranging time series x in random order 1 x 2 …x n The number of such permutation and combination should be n-! -1, 1000 of which were taken for analysis. The j-th rank is marked asCalculate the cumulative sum value->Recalculate the maximum deviation value of the cumulative sum +.>
Fourth step: judging whether or not a certain arrangement j exists such thatIf so, there may be a horizontal migration with confidence of the horizontal migration being
In the above formula, N is the number of experiments in which the original time series are randomly arranged in other order, and if all the arrangement conditions are traversed, n=n +|! -1; alpha is in N experimentsIs a number of times (1);
fifth step: if the confidence coefficient of the horizontal migration is more than or equal to 95%, further solving the moment of occurrence of the Level Change by solving the original stable time sequence
The moment m is the moment when the mean value changes, and the moment m+1 is the first moment after the mean value changes;
if x m <x m +1, then the horizontal migration is an upward horizontal migration; if x m >x m +1, then the horizontal migration is a downward horizontal migration.
Only the user who finds the downward horizontal migration is determined to be suspicious of electricity theft, and the upward horizontal migration time found after the electricity theft start time may be taken as the electricity theft stop time.
And D4, correcting sales power quantity and line loss of the station area:
through the previous electricity larceny detection, the suspicious electricity larceny user can be found out and the electricity larceny starting and stopping time can be judged. If the found suspicious user set for electricity larceny in the target platform area is Cs, the current month electricity larceny starting and stopping time of the kth user is respectivelyAnd->(both are date number, if not target month start/end electricity larceny, these two times may be first month/last month), the same month electricity consumption of the user before the electricity larceny start time is +.>Then the sales power of the station area is corrected by pressing
/>
In the above, n d E is the total number of days of the target month S And E is S ' the electric quantity is sold in the current month of the district before and after correction respectively. Further, when the line loss of the moon pool is corrected as follows:
ΔE＝E G -E S '
d5, loss reduction potential analysis:
for the established cells, the unreasonable power supply radius is difficult to solve through the redirection of the transformer substation, the unbalance degree of the load between the lines is also limited by the load distribution, and the unreasonable line selection problem does not exist in the test point areas. Therefore, the loss reduction potential can only be mined from the door opening three-phase load balance angle.
In the process of testing and testing on site, three-phase load cutting is implemented on a door opening with the unbalance degree of the three-phase current exceeding 20 percent, and if the three-phase load can be completely balanced, the cell line loss rate is reduced to 3.54 percent by 4.19 percent, namely, 0.65 percent in the test stage.
If the measure of door opening three-phase load balance is expanded and applied to residential areas of the same type in the jurisdiction of a certain power supply company (according to 1.4 ten thousand similar areas and the power supply quantity of about 100 hundred million kWh/year), 6500 ten thousand kWh/year of loss can be reduced through the improvement of door opening three-phase balance, and 3172 ten thousand yuan/year of electric charge income (according to the average price of one grade of 0.488 yuan/kWh) can be increased.
The HPLC power consumption information acquisition technology disclosed by the technical scheme of the invention is applied to the advantage of a low-voltage line loss treatment method, and mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) The method can analyze the wiring mode and the line parameters of the low-voltage distribution network by using the measurement data, thereby providing a basis for calculating the technical loss of the transformer area.
(2) Based on the platform region structure and the parameter chromatography result, the line loss analysis of the line-by-line and phase-by-phase technology in the low-voltage platform region and the separation of the technical line loss and the management line loss can be realized, and the high-frequency link of the line loss of the low-voltage platform region is found, so that the line loss is treated more effectively, and the line loss of the low-voltage platform region is reduced rapidly.
(3) And (3) constructing a new method for searching suspicious electricity stealing users based on the electric quantity time sequence horizontal migration judgment by analyzing the time sequence based on the voltage, the current, the power and the power factor (the ratio of the active power to the U, I product) of the user side, improving the timeliness of electricity stealing prevention and estimating the electricity stealing type.
(4) Based on the line length and line-by-line phase loss analysis results, the method can further calculate and analyze the construction and operation indexes of the distribution network such as the low-voltage power supply radius, the door opening three-phase load balance degree and the like, and popularize and apply loss reduction means which are only suitable for medium-voltage and high-voltage distribution networks to the low-voltage distribution network, and promote loss reduction and energy conservation of the low-voltage distribution network.
The invention can be widely applied to the field of operation management of power supply systems.
Claims (5)
1. A method for correcting line loss of a station area based on an HPLC environment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Obtaining a topological structure diagram of a cell layer of the low-voltage distribution network from the PMS; acquiring user information from the CIS; acquiring an electrical quantity measured by a gateway meter and a user terminal ammeter side from an HPLC system; obtaining a line loss statistical value of the transformer area from a line loss refinement platform;
2) Identifying parameters of each line segment in the cell layer distribution network;
3) According to the user phase identification, the floor line and the line segment parameter identification results of the district layer distribution system, the line-by-line and phase-by-phase calculation is respectively carried out on the technical line losses of the floor layer and the district layer;
the calculation flow of the line-by-line loss of the line of the inner layer of the building comprises the following steps:
the first step: acquiring current values transmitted on floor lines of each time period;
and a second step of: according to the calculation results of the resistance and reactance of each section of the floor line, the current transmitted by the floor line is combined to calculate the line loss of each section of the split-phase technology;
and a third step of: calculating the three-phase current unbalance degree of each layer;
fourth step: according to the current value of each layer of user and the identification result of the user phase, the neutral line current of each layer is obtained;
fifth step: calculating the neutral line loss of each layer in the door opening;
the calculation flow of the cell layer technology line loss comprises the following steps:
the first step: obtaining split-phase current of each door opening;
and a second step of: calculating the current on each line segment in the platform area by using the door opening current;
and a third step of: the region can be further obtained by the current on the line segment technical line loss of each section of the cell layer t period;
fourth step: calculating three-phase average current and three-phase current unbalance of each door opening;
fifth step: calculating the neutral line loss of each door opening;
sixth step: firstly, calculating the sum of split-phase currents flowing into all door openings, so as to obtain the three-phase average current and the three-phase current unbalance of a cell layer;
seventh step: calculating the cell layer neutral line loss;
4) Judging the line loss statistical value of the station area, comprising:
subtracting the technical line loss calculation value from the corrected line loss statistical value of the transformer area to obtain a management line loss value of the transformer area, namely:
in the above, ΔE M The management line loss of the area in the current month is represented; e (E) T And (t) calculating a technical line loss calculation value of the station area at the moment t according to the following formula:
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,representing the cell distribution line loss in the t period; />Representing the loss of a distribution line in a building in a t period;
5) And identifying the abnormal points of the data, and correcting the corresponding monthly electricity consumption of the user, and further correcting the monthly electricity consumption and the line loss of the station area.
2. The method for correcting line loss of a platform area based on an HPLC environment according to claim 1, wherein the line-by-line and phase-by-phase calculation includes neutral line loss calculation, so that the calculation result more accords with the actual technical loss of the platform area.
3. The method for correcting the line loss of the transformer area based on the HPLC environment according to claim 1, wherein the step of judging the statistical value of the line loss of the transformer area comprises the step of analyzing the line loss of the phase-by-phase line-by-line technology of the cell distribution network and the step of analyzing the line loss of the floor line phase-by-phase line-by-line technology.
4. The method for correcting the line loss of the transformer area based on the HPLC environment according to claim 1, wherein the low-voltage transformer area technology loss reduction way comprises the positioning of a door opening with three-phase imbalance, the positioning of a line with unbalanced load, the judgment of whether the power supply radius meets the specification and the line type rationality analysis.
5. The method for correcting the line loss of the transformer area based on the HPLC environment according to claim 1, wherein the identification of the abnormal points of the data comprises the identification of the abnormal measurement value of the electricity consumption and the correction of the line loss of the transformer area, the detection of electricity theft and the correction of the line loss of the transformer area and the correction of the sales electricity quantity and the line loss of the transformer area.
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