CN110880688A

CN110880688A - Energy-saving outdoor distribution box based on electrical equipment

Info

Publication number: CN110880688A
Application number: CN201911259487.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 洪露; 任长安; 刘文华; 罗庆云; 张三华; 范俊岩; 岳迪
Original assignee: Hunan Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Hunan Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2019-12-10
Filing date: 2019-12-10
Publication date: 2020-03-13
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-10
Also published as: CN110880688B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of outdoor distribution boxes and discloses an energy-saving outdoor distribution box based on electrical equipment. According to the distribution box, the wiring harnesses extending out of the distribution box body can be subjected to standardized arrangement through the arrangement assembly, the problem that the wiring harnesses are messy is avoided, maintenance personnel can search and follow-up maintenance in time easily, meanwhile, the distance between adjacent wiring harnesses is adjustable, the actual layout requirement can be met, the distribution box body can be conveniently and quickly cooled through the cooling assembly, meanwhile, the cooling assembly adopts a multi-stage cooling mode to carry out cooling, the cooling effect is greatly improved, meanwhile, the cooling assembly replaces the traditional cooling mode through power equipment, power is not needed, and the purpose of saving electric energy is achieved.

Description

Energy-saving outdoor distribution box based on electrical equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of outdoor distribution boxes, in particular to an energy-saving outdoor distribution box based on electrical equipment.

Background

The distribution box is that the switch equipment, measuring instrument, protective electric appliance and auxiliary equipment are assembled in the closed or semi-closed metal cabinet or on the screen according to the electric wiring requirement to form a low-voltage distribution device, the circuit can be switched on or off by means of manual or automatic switch in normal operation, the circuit is switched off or alarmed by means of protective electric appliance in fault or abnormal operation, various parameters in operation can be displayed by means of the measuring instrument, some electric parameters can be regulated, and the deviation from normal working state can be prompted or signaled, and the distribution box is commonly used in various power distribution, distribution and transformation substations.

But distribution box installs when the open air, and if the ponding of installation face is darker, ponding permeates easily and causes the erosion to its internal component to the distribution box, and current outdoor distribution box adopts fan or air conditioner heat dissipation mostly simultaneously, also can consume more electric energy like this, and finally, the phenomenon of intertwine can often appear after extending in the internal pencil of distribution box, and this normal maintenance that also can direct influence maintainer. Accordingly, those skilled in the art have provided an energy-saving outdoor power distribution box based on electrical equipment to solve the problems set forth in the background above.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an energy-saving outdoor power distribution box body based on electrical equipment, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides an energy-saving outdoor distribution box based on electrical equipment, includes block terminal box, rigid coupling at the case top cap of block terminal box upper surface, articulates at the boxboard of block terminal box front surface, sets up the block terminal box in block terminal box both sides and the first in command of rigid coupling at the boxboard front surface, the both sides of block terminal box are close to heat dissipation window top position department and all are provided with the range subassembly, and the bottom of block terminal box is provided with adjusting part, the rear surface of block terminal box is connected with radiator unit.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the radiating component comprises a heat pipe, a first radiating pipe, a heat conducting plate, a second radiating pipe and a pipeline, one end of the heat pipe is embedded in the distribution box body, the other end of the heat pipe is hermetically connected with the pipeline in a sealing mode, the heat conducting plate is fixedly connected to the inside of the pipeline, a water filling port is formed in the upper surface of the pipeline, a water outlet is formed in the lower surface of the pipeline, four corners of the rear surface of the pipeline are connected with the fourth radiating pipe, and one side of the heat conducting plate is connected with the first radiating pipe and the second radiating pipe in a cross shape.

As a still further scheme of the invention: eight third cooling tubes are annularly distributed outside the fourth cooling tube, eight cooling holes are formed in the third cooling tube, the fourth cooling tube and the third cooling tube are fixed through welding, and the first cooling tube, the second cooling tube, the third cooling tube and the fourth cooling tube are all components made of copper alloy materials.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the top and the bottom of heat-conducting plate all are located the inside of pipeline and with pipe seal connection, the one end of first cooling tube is fixed with the lateral wall of heat-conducting plate, and the other end of first cooling tube be located the inside of pipeline and with pipe seal connection, the top of second cooling tube be located the inside of pipeline and with pipe seal connection, and the other end of second cooling tube is fixed with first cooling tube.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the adjusting component comprises a first telescopic rod, an installation ear plate, a first supporting rod, a connecting rod, a second handle, a lead screw, an adjusting plate, a second supporting plate and a second telescopic rod, wherein the second supporting plate is arranged on one side of the first supporting rod, a cross-shaped connecting rod is fixedly connected between the first supporting rod and the second supporting plate, the installation ear plates for fixing the first supporting rod and the second supporting plate are welded on the outer sides of the first supporting rod and the second supporting plate, the first telescopic rod is arranged in the first supporting rod in a sliding mode, the second telescopic rod is arranged in the second supporting plate in a sliding mode, the adjusting plate is fixedly connected between the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod, the top ends of the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod are fixed to the lower surface of the box body, the lead screw connected with the first telescopic rod and the adjusting plate through threads is embedded in the connecting rod and the adjusting plate, and the top end of the lead screw rotates with the center of the lower surface of, and the bottom end of the screw rod is integrally connected with a second handle for rotating the screw rod.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the number of the first telescopic rods, the first supporting rods, the second supporting plate and the second telescopic rods is two, and the first telescopic rods, the first supporting rods, the second supporting plate and the second telescopic rods are all members made of alloy steel.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the range subassembly includes first spacing sleeve, first gag lever post, limiting plate, mounting plate, second gag lever post and second spacing sleeve, the rear side rigid coupling of mounting plate has first spacing sleeve, and the front side rigid coupling of mounting plate has second spacing sleeve, the outside equidistance rigid coupling of mounting plate has three limiting plate, first spacing sleeve's inside is slided and is had first gag lever post, the inside of second spacing sleeve slides and has the second gag lever post, first spacing sleeve and second spacing sleeve's size equals, the size of first gag lever post and second gag lever post equals.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the U-shaped structure is adopted for the first limiting rod and the second limiting rod, the first limiting rod and the second limiting rod are stainless steel members, and the first limiting rod and the second limiting rod are fixed with the outer side of the distribution box body through screws.

As a still further scheme of the invention: a circular jack penetrates through the limiting plate, and a protective sleeve made of rubber is fixedly bonded to the inner wall of the jack.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the wiring harnesses extending out of the distribution box body can be subjected to standardized arrangement through the arrangement assembly, the problem that the wiring harnesses are messy is avoided, maintenance personnel can find and maintain the wiring harnesses in time easily, and meanwhile, the distance between every two adjacent wiring harnesses is adjustable, so that the actual layout requirement can be met;

2. the adjusting assembly can be used for conveniently adjusting the mounting height of the distribution box body by a user according to actual needs, so that the water seepage phenomenon in the distribution box body caused by overhigh accumulated water on the mounting surface is prevented, the damage phenomenon of internal elements of the distribution box body is avoided, meanwhile, the corresponding adjustment can be carried out according to actual mounting needs, and the applicability is improved;

3. can be convenient for block terminal box quick heat dissipation through radiator unit, this radiator unit adopts the radiating mode of multiple-step type to dispel the heat simultaneously for the radiating effect promotes greatly, prevents that the inside heat of block terminal box is difficult to discharge and leads to the component impaired, and this radiator unit has replaced the tradition and has carried out radiating mode through power equipment simultaneously, need not the power consumption, has played the purpose of practicing thrift the electric energy.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy-saving outdoor power distribution box based on electrical equipment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an installation structure of a heat dissipation assembly in an energy-saving outdoor power distribution box based on electrical equipment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an installation structure of an adjusting component in an energy-saving outdoor distribution box based on electrical equipment;

fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 2.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of arrangement components in an energy-efficient outdoor power distribution cabinet based on electrical equipment;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of an installation structure of a protective sleeve in an energy-saving outdoor distribution box based on electrical equipment.

In the figure: 1. a tank top cover; 2. arranging the components; 3. a heat dissipation window; 4. a distribution box body; 5. an adjustment assembly; 6. a boxboard; 7. a first handle; 8. a heat conducting pipe; 9. a first radiating pipe; 10. a heat conducting plate; 11. a second heat dissipation pipe; 12. a pipeline; 13. a heat dissipating component; 14. a first telescopic rod; 15. mounting an ear plate; 16. a first support bar; 17. a connecting rod; 18. a second handle; 19. a screw rod; 20. an adjusting plate; 21. a second support plate; 22. a third radiating pipe; 23. a fourth heat radiation pipe; 24. heat dissipation holes; 25. a first limit sleeve; 26. a first limit rod; 27. a limiting plate; 28. a fastening plate; 29. a second limiting rod; 30. a second limit sleeve; 31. fastening a bolt; 32. a protective sleeve; 33. a jack; 34. and a second telescopic rod.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, in an embodiment of the present invention, an energy-saving outdoor power distribution box based on electrical equipment includes a power distribution box 4, a top cover 1 fixedly connected to an upper surface of the power distribution box 4, a box board 6 hinged to a front surface of the power distribution box 4, power distribution box 4 disposed at two sides of the power distribution box 4, and a first handle 7 fixedly connected to a front surface of the box board 6, wherein an arrangement component 2 is disposed at a position on two sides of the power distribution box 4 near an upper portion of a heat dissipation window 3, the arrangement component 2 includes a first limiting sleeve 25, a first limiting rod 26, a limiting plate 27, a fastening plate 28, a second limiting rod 29 and a second limiting sleeve 30, the first limiting sleeve 25 is fixedly connected to a rear side of the fastening plate 28, the second limiting sleeve 30 is fixedly connected to a front side of the fastening plate 28, three limiting plates 27 are fixedly connected to an outer side of the fastening plate 28 at equal intervals, the first limiting rod 26 slides inside the first limiting sleeve, the second limiting sleeve 30 is internally provided with a second limiting rod 29 in a sliding way, the first limiting sleeve 25 and the second limiting sleeve 30 have the same size, the first limiting rod 26 and the second limiting rod 29 are U-shaped structures, the first limiting rod 26 and the second limiting rod 29 are stainless steel members, the first limiting rod 26 and the second limiting rod 29 are fixed with the outer side of the distribution box body 4 through screws, a circular insertion hole 33 penetrates through the limiting plate 27, a rubber protective sleeve 32 is fixedly bonded on the inner wall of the insertion hole 33, can carry out the standardization arrangement to the pencil that block terminal box 4 extends through range unit 2, avoid appearing the in disorder problem of pencil, easily maintainer in time seeks and follow-up maintenance, and interval between the adjacent pencil is adjustable simultaneously, can satisfy the overall arrangement needs of reality.

In fig. 3: the bottom of the distribution box body 4 is provided with an adjusting component 5, the adjusting component 5 comprises a first telescopic rod 14, an installation lug plate 15, a first support rod 16, a connecting rod 17, a second handle 18, a screw rod 19, an adjusting plate 20, a second support plate 21 and a second telescopic rod 34, one side of the first support rod 16 is provided with the second support plate 21, a cross-shaped connecting rod 17 is fixedly connected between the first support rod 16 and the second support plate 21, the installation lug plate 15 for fixing the first support rod 16 and the second support plate 21 is welded on the outer sides of the first support rod 16 and the second support plate 21, the first telescopic rod 14 slides inside the first support rod 16, the second telescopic rod 34 slides inside the second support plate 21, the adjusting plate 20 is fixedly connected between the first telescopic rod 14 and the second telescopic rod 34, the top ends of the first telescopic rod 14 and the second telescopic rod 34 are fixed with the lower surface of the distribution box body 4, the screw rod 19 connected with the first telescopic rod 17 and the adjusting plate 20 through threads is embedded inside the connecting rod 17, the top of lead screw 19 and the lower surface center department of block terminal box 4 rotate through the bearing, and the bottom body coupling of lead screw 19 has the second handle 18 that is used for rotating its self, first telescopic link 14, first backup pad 16, the quantity of second backup pad 21 and second telescopic link 34 is two, and first telescopic link 14, first backup pad 16, second backup pad 21 and second telescopic link 34 are the component of alloy steel material, can adjust the mounting height of block terminal box 4 according to actual need with the person of facilitating the use through adjusting part 5, prevent that the too high infiltration phenomenon of appearing in block terminal box 4 that leads to of installation face ponding, avoided 4 internal elements of block terminal box to appear damaging the phenomenon, also can carry out corresponding regulation according to the installation needs of reality simultaneously, the suitability has obtained the promotion.

In fig. 2 and 4: the rear surface of the distribution box body 4 is connected with a heat dissipation assembly 13, the heat dissipation assembly 13 comprises a heat conduction pipe 8, a first heat dissipation pipe 9, a heat conduction plate 10, a second heat dissipation pipe 11 and a pipeline 12, one end of the heat conduction pipe 8 is embedded in the distribution box body 4, the other end of the heat conduction pipe 8 is hermetically connected with the pipeline 12 in a sealing manner, the heat conduction plate 10 is fixedly connected to the inside of the pipeline 12, a water filling port is formed in the upper surface of the pipeline 12, a water outlet is formed in the lower surface of the pipeline 12, four corners of the rear surface of the pipeline 12 are connected with a fourth heat dissipation pipe 23, one side of the heat conduction plate 10 is connected with the first heat dissipation pipe 9 and the second heat dissipation pipe 11 in a cross-fork manner, eight third heat dissipation pipes 22 are annularly distributed outside the fourth heat dissipation pipe 23, heat dissipation holes 24 are formed in the eight third heat, The second radiating pipe 11, the third radiating pipe 22 and the fourth radiating pipe 23 are all components made of copper alloy materials, the top end and the bottom end of the heat conducting plate 10 are both located inside the pipeline 12 and are connected with the pipeline 12 in a sealing way, one end of the first radiating pipe 9 is fixed with the side wall of the heat conducting plate 10, the other end of the first radiating pipe 9 is located inside the pipeline 12 and is connected with the pipeline 12 in a sealing way, the top end of the second radiating pipe 11 is located inside the pipeline 12 and is connected with the pipeline 12 in a sealing way, and the other end of the second radiating pipe 11 is fixed with the first radiating pipe 9, the distribution box body 4 can be conveniently and rapidly radiated through the radiating assembly 13, meanwhile, the radiating assembly 13 adopts a multi-stage radiating mode to radiate heat, so that the radiating effect of the distribution box is greatly improved, the situation that the heat inside the box body 4 is difficult to be discharged to cause the damage, no power is needed, and the purpose of saving electric energy is achieved.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: the user injects the external cooling water through the water injection port on the upper surface of the pipeline 12, at this time, the heat conducting pipe 8 can transfer the heat in the distribution box 4 into the pipeline 12 in a heat conduction mode, and the cooling water is cooled through the cooling water, and finally the cooling water is discharged through the water outlet on the lower surface of the pipeline 12, because the top end and the bottom end of the heat conducting plate 10 are both located inside the pipeline 12 and are hermetically connected with the pipeline 12, at this time, a part of the heat can be transferred and dissipated through the heat conducting plate 10, and the number of the heat conducting plates 10 is two, so that a part of the heat dissipation effect can be achieved through the heat conducting plate 10, one end of the first radiating pipe 9 is fixed with the side wall of the heat conducting plate 10, and the other end of the first radiating pipe 9 is located inside the pipeline 12 and is hermetically connected with the pipeline 12, and the top end of the second, the other end of the second heat dissipation pipe 11 is fixed to the first heat dissipation pipe 9, and the first heat dissipation pipe 9 and the second heat dissipation pipe 11 are cross-shaped, so that the cross-shaped first heat dissipation pipe 9 and the second heat dissipation pipe 11 can achieve a second part of heat dissipation effect, and the rest of heat is transferred to the third heat dissipation pipe 22 through the fourth heat dissipation pipe 23 when passing through the fourth heat dissipation pipe 23 and then is exhausted through the heat dissipation hole 24, thereby achieving a third part of heat dissipation effect, so that the distribution box body 4 can be conveniently and rapidly dissipated heat through the heat dissipation assembly 13, and meanwhile, the heat dissipation assembly 13 employs a multi-stage heat dissipation method to dissipate heat, so that the heat dissipation effect is greatly improved, and the component damage caused by the difficulty in exhausting the heat inside the distribution box body 4 is prevented, meanwhile, the heat dissipation assembly 13 replaces the traditional method of dissipating heat through power equipment, no power consumption is needed, and the purpose of saving electric energy, then the user installs the adjusting component 5 on the installation surface through the installation ear plate 15, when the accumulated water on the installation surface is deep, the user holds the second handle 18 to rotate clockwise, the lead screw 19 is driven to rotate clockwise, the lead screw 19 is in threaded connection with the adjusting plate 20, the adjusting plate 20 can be driven to move upwards at the moment, the first telescopic rod 14 and the second telescopic rod 34 are driven to ascend, the distribution box body 4 is lifted, similarly, when the user holds the second handle 18 to rotate anticlockwise, the lead screw 19 is driven to rotate anticlockwise, the lead screw 19 is in threaded connection with the adjusting plate 20, the adjusting plate 20 can be driven to move downwards at the moment, the first telescopic rod 14 and the second telescopic rod 34 are driven to descend, the distribution box body 4 descends, and the user can adjust the installation height of the distribution box body 4 according to actual needs through the adjusting component 5, the water seepage phenomenon in the distribution box body 4 caused by overhigh water accumulation on the mounting surface is prevented, the damage phenomenon of internal elements of the distribution box body 4 is avoided, meanwhile, the corresponding adjustment can be carried out according to the actual installation requirement, the applicability is improved, then a user passes the wiring harness through the jack 33, the wiring harness is attached to the protective sleeve 32 at the moment, then the user can tighten the fastening bolt 31, at the moment, the first limiting sleeve 25 and the second limiting sleeve 30 can be fastened, similarly, when the distance between the upper wiring harness and the lower wiring harness needs to be adjusted, at the moment, the user only needs to loosen the fastening bolt 31, then the first limiting sleeve 25 and the second limiting sleeve 30 are moved to an ideal area and then locked by the fastening bolt 31, the wiring harness extending out of the distribution box body 4 can be subjected to normalized arrangement through the arrangement component 2, and the problem that the wiring harness is messy is avoided, the maintenance personnel can search and maintain the wiring harness in time easily, and the distance between the adjacent wiring harnesses can be adjusted, so that the actual layout requirement can be met.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention are equivalent to or changed within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an energy-saving outdoor distribution box based on electrical equipment, including block terminal box (4), rigid coupling at the case top cap (1) of block terminal box (4) upper surface, articulate at boxboard (6) of block terminal box (4) front surface, set up block terminal box (4) and the rigid coupling of block terminal box (4) both sides in boxboard (6) front surface the first in command (7), its characterized in that, the both sides of block terminal box (4) are close to heat dissipation window (3) top position department and all are provided with range subassembly (2), and the bottom of block terminal box (4) is provided with adjusting part (5), the rear surface of block terminal box (4) is connected with radiator unit (13).

2. An energy efficient outdoor power distribution cabinet based on electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the radiating component (13) comprises a heat conducting pipe (8), a first radiating pipe (9), a heat conducting plate (10), a second radiating pipe (11) and a pipeline (12), one end of the heat conducting pipe (8) is embedded and installed in the distribution box body (4), the other end of the heat conducting pipe (8) is hermetically sleeved with a pipeline (12), a heat conducting plate (10) is fixedly connected inside the pipeline (12), the upper surface of the pipeline (12) is provided with a water injection port, the lower surface of the pipeline (12) is provided with a water outlet, and four corners of the rear surface of the pipeline (12) are connected with fourth heat dissipation pipes (23), one side of the heat conducting plate (10) is connected with a first radiating pipe (9) and a second radiating pipe (11) which are in a cross shape.

3. The outdoor power distribution box body based on the electrical equipment as claimed in claim 2, wherein eight third heat dissipation pipes (22) are annularly distributed outside the fourth heat dissipation pipe (23), heat dissipation holes (24) are formed inside the eight third heat dissipation pipes (22), the fourth heat dissipation pipe (23) and the third heat dissipation pipe (22) are fixed by welding, and the first heat dissipation pipe (9), the second heat dissipation pipe (11), the third heat dissipation pipe (22) and the fourth heat dissipation pipe (23) are all made of copper alloy materials.

4. An outdoor distribution box of energy saving type based on electric equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that the top and bottom ends of the heat conducting plate (10) are located inside the pipe (12) and are connected with the pipe (12) in a sealing way, one end of the first radiating pipe (9) is fixed with the side wall of the heat conducting plate (10), and the other end of the first radiating pipe (9) is located inside the pipe (12) and is connected with the pipe (12) in a sealing way, the top end of the second radiating pipe (11) is located inside the pipe (12) and is connected with the pipe (12) in a sealing way, and the other end of the second radiating pipe (11) is fixed with the first radiating pipe (9).

5. The outdoor power distribution box body based on the electrical equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the adjusting component (5) comprises a first telescopic rod (14), an installation ear plate (15), a first support rod (16), a connecting rod (17), a second handle (18), a screw rod (19), an adjusting plate (20), a second support plate (21) and a second telescopic rod (34), one side of the first support rod (16) is provided with the second support plate (21), a cross-shaped connecting rod (17) is fixedly connected between the first support rod (16) and the second support plate (21), the installation ear plate (15) for fixing the first support rod (16) and the second support plate (21) are welded on the outer sides of the first support rod (16) and the second support plate (21), the first telescopic rod (14) is slid in the first support rod (16), and the second telescopic rod (34) is slid in the second support plate (21), the rigid coupling has regulating plate (20) between first telescopic link (14) and second telescopic link (34), and the top of first telescopic link (14) and second telescopic link (34) all with the lower fixed surface of block terminal box (4), the inside of connecting rod (17) and regulating plate (20) all imbeds and installs lead screw (19) through threaded connection rather than self, the top of lead screw (19) and the lower surface center department of block terminal box (4) rotate through the bearing, and the bottom body coupling of lead screw (19) is used for rotatory second handle (18) of its self.

6. The outdoor distribution box body based on the electrical equipment as claimed in claim 5, wherein the number of the first telescopic rods (14), the first support rods (16), the second support plate (21) and the second telescopic rods (34) is two, and the first telescopic rods (14), the first support rods (16), the second support plate (21) and the second telescopic rods (34) are all members made of alloy steel.

7. An energy efficient outdoor power distribution cabinet based on electrical equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the arrangement component (2) comprises a first limit sleeve (25), a first limit rod (26), a limit plate (27), a fastening plate (28), a second limit rod (29) and a second limit sleeve (30), the rear side of the fastening plate (28) is fixedly connected with the first limit sleeve (25), a second limiting sleeve (30) is fixedly connected to the front side of the fastening plate (28), three limiting plates (27) are fixedly connected to the outer side of the fastening plate (28) at equal intervals, a first limiting rod (26) slides in the first limiting sleeve (25), a second limiting rod (29) slides in the second limiting sleeve (30), the first limiting sleeve (25) and the second limiting sleeve (30) are equal in size, the first limiting rod (26) and the second limiting rod (29) are equal in size.

8. The outdoor distribution box body based on the electrical equipment of claim 7, wherein the first and second limiting rods (26, 29) are U-shaped structures, the first and second limiting rods (26, 29) are stainless steel members, and the first and second limiting rods (26, 29) are fixed to the outer side of the distribution box body (4) by screws.

9. The outdoor power distribution box body based on the electrical equipment as claimed in claim 7, wherein a circular insertion hole (33) is further formed through the inside of the limit plate (27), and a protective sleeve (32) made of rubber is fixedly adhered to the inner wall of the insertion hole (33).