CN110879386B - Target size estimation method based on broadband shallow profile data - Google Patents

Target size estimation method based on broadband shallow profile data Download PDF

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CN110879386B
CN110879386B CN201911210479.0A CN201911210479A CN110879386B CN 110879386 B CN110879386 B CN 110879386B CN 201911210479 A CN201911210479 A CN 201911210479A CN 110879386 B CN110879386 B CN 110879386B
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target
diameter
formula
equation
sphere
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CN110879386A (en
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罗宇
唐明秀
施剑
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
    • G01S7/539—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
    • G01S15/02—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems using reflection of acoustic waves
    • G01S15/06—Systems determining the position data of a target
    • G01S15/08—Systems for measuring distance only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
    • G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
    • Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources

Abstract

The invention discloses a target size estimation method based on broadband shallow profile data, which comprises the following specific steps of: step 1, calculating target intensity; step 2, back-calculating the target diameter; and 3, taking an average value, and determining the final target diameter. The method has the advantages of accurate target detection, improved target identification accuracy and contribution to target size estimation, and solves the problems of fuzzy target identification, incapability of penetrating underground and large target size estimation deviation. Outputting the changed frequency by using the broadband data, and back-calculating the size of the target object from the information returned by the received change signal; rejecting some mutation values according to the continuity of the target surface; and inversely calculating the shape and the size of the target according to the relation between the target strength and the target diameter at different frequencies, and averaging to improve the inverse calculation precision.

Description

Target size estimation method based on broadband shallow profile data
Technical Field
The invention relates to a target size estimation method, in particular to a target size estimation method based on broadband shallow profile data, and belongs to the technical field of marine surveying and mapping.
Background
The single-beam depth finder target size estimation uses a low-frequency beam to detect a water body target by utilizing the capability of the low-frequency beam to penetrate partial silt. By comparing and analyzing with the single-beam sounding data, the system precision of the broadband shallow-profile sounding system is reliable. Compared with single-beam sounding data, the broadband shallow profile survey data has dense data points, can more accurately measure the size, shape and height change of an underwater target object, and can draw an equal-depth line in more detail and more truly reflect the topographic features. The underwater object searching method can also exert the advantages of the underwater object searching method. Compared with the traditional broadband shallow-section sounding system, the broadband shallow-section data has complexity and concealment of errors. Inland river (sea condition) factors, unreasonable manual operation, unreasonable system parameter setting, self-noise of a broadband shallow-section instrument, background noise of a ship, sound wave interference of other equipment, disturbance of surrounding ships to a water body, influence of the bottom of the water to sound waves and the like can bring certain interference and influence to normal measurement work of the broadband shallow-section system to different degrees. Therefore, at each stage of the operation of the broadband shallow-section system, careful and careful arrangement, effective quality control and scientific and correct precision evaluation are required to effectively improve the quality of the depth measurement result of the broadband shallow-section and fully exert the superiority of the broadband shallow-section depth measurement system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a target size estimation method based on broadband shallow profile data.
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides a target size estimation method based on broadband shallow profile data, which comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: calculating the target intensity, wherein the formula for measuring the target intensity by a direct method is as follows:
TS-EL-SL +2 TL formula 1
In equation 1, target intensity TS (dB), echo level EL (dB), sound source level SL (dB), propagation loss TL (dB);
echo level EL (dB), sound source level SL (dB), propagation loss TL (dB) based on spherical wave assumptions are calculated as follows:
EL＝20*lgU EL equation 2
SL＝20*lgU SL Equation 3
TL 20 × lgH formula 4
In equation 2, U EL (V) is the echo voltage; in equation 3, U SL (y) is the sound source voltage; in equation 4, slice (m) is the target depth.
And 2, step: the target diameter is calculated reversely, the target return signal intensity has obvious relation with the target length and size and has no obvious relation with the frequency, and the smaller spheres in the water body are summarized
Figure BDA0002297935790000021
kr > 1) the empirical formula for the target intensity is:
TS＝61.7*V 2 *f 4 equation 5
In equation 5, the volume V of the sphere is expressed in cm 3 (ii) a Frequency f, unit kHz;
k 2 pi f equation 6
The target sphere volume is back-calculated according to the empirical formula, and the sphere diameter d (cm) is back-calculated according to the target intensity and frequency value at each frequency:
Figure BDA0002297935790000022
Figure BDA0002297935790000023
removing the apparent wrong flying spot.
And step 3: taking an average value to determine the final target diameter, and taking an average value of all the reversely calculated sphere diameter values through a formula 9 to determine the diameter of the target sphere;
Figure BDA0002297935790000024
in equation 9, the diameters D of the spheres corresponding to different frequencies 1 、D 2 、D 3 、...、D N (cm), the total back-calculated diameter group number N.
For broadband shallow profile data of continuous frequency, the diameter is inversely calculated to be a constant function close to a certain constant, and the average value is taken to obtain the optimal diameter value of the sphere.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method has the advantages of accurate target detection, improved target identification accuracy and contribution to target size estimation, and solves the problems of fuzzy target identification, incapability of penetrating underground and large target size estimation deviation. Outputting the changed frequency by using the broadband data, and back-calculating the size of the target object from the information returned by the received change signal; rejecting some mutation values according to the continuity of the target surface; and inversely calculating the shape and the size of the target according to the relation between the target strength and the target diameter at different frequencies, and averaging to improve the inverse calculation precision.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the operation of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention relates to a target size estimation method based on broadband shallow profile data, which comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: calculating the target intensity, wherein the formula for measuring the target intensity by a direct method is as follows:
TS-EL-SL +2 TL formula 1
In equation 1, target intensity TS (dB), echo level EL (dB), sound source level SL (dB), propagation loss TL (dB);
echo level EL (dB), sound source level SL (dB), propagation loss TL (dB) based on spherical wave assumptions are calculated as follows:
EL＝20*lgU EL equation 2
SL＝20*lgU SL Equation 3
TL 20 × lgH formula 4
In formula 2, U EL (V) is the echo voltage; in formula 3, U SL (V) is the sound source voltage; in formula 4, h (m) is the target depth.
Step 2: the target diameter is calculated reversely, the target return signal intensity has obvious relation with the target length and size and has no obvious relation with the frequency, and the smaller spheres in the water body are summarized
Figure BDA0002297935790000031
kr > 1) the empirical formula for the target intensity is:
TS＝61.7*V 2 *f 4 equation 5
In equation 5, the volume V of the sphere is in cm 3 (ii) a Frequency f, unit kHz;
k 2 pi f formula 6
The target sphere volume is back-calculated according to the empirical formula, and the sphere diameter d (cm) is back-calculated according to the target intensity and frequency value at each frequency:
Figure BDA0002297935790000032
Figure BDA0002297935790000033
the flying spot with obvious error is removed.
And step 3: taking an average value to determine the final target diameter, and taking an average value of all the reversely calculated sphere diameter values through a formula 9 to determine the diameter of the target sphere;
Figure BDA0002297935790000034
in equation 9, the diameters D of the spheres corresponding to different frequencies 1 、D 2 、D 3 、...、D N (cm), the total back-calculated diameter group number N.
For broadband shallow profile data of continuous frequency, the diameter is inversely calculated to be a constant function close to a certain constant, and the average value is taken to obtain the optimal diameter value of the sphere.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (1)

1. A target size estimation method based on broadband shallow profile data is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step 1: calculating the target intensity, wherein the formula for measuring the target intensity by a direct method is as follows:
TS-EL-SL +2 TL formula 1
In formula 1, target intensity TS, echo level EL, sound source level SL, propagation loss TL;
the echo level EL, source level SL, propagation loss TL based on the spherical wave hypothesis are calculated as follows:
EL＝20*lgU EL equation 2
SL＝20*lgU SL Equation 3
TL 20 × lgH formula 4
In equation 2, U EL Is the echo voltage; in formula 3, U SL Is the sound source voltage; in formula 4, H is the target depth;
the unit of the TS, the EL, the SL and the TL is dB; the U is EL And U SL In volts, and said H in m;
step 2: and (3) inversely calculating the target diameter, wherein the target return signal intensity has an obvious relation with the target length and size and an unobvious relation with the frequency, and the empirical formula of the target intensity of the smaller sphere in the water body is summarized as follows:
TS＝61.7*V 2 *f 4 equation 5
In equation 5, the volume V of the sphere is in cm 3 (ii) a Frequency f, unit kHz;
the smaller sphere is
Figure FDA0003731370130000011
k 2 pi f equation 6
And (3) calculating the volume of the target sphere according to the empirical formula, and calculating the diameter D of the sphere according to the target intensity and the frequency value at each frequency:
Figure FDA0003731370130000021
Figure FDA0003731370130000022
removing obvious wrong flying spots;
and step 3: taking an average value to determine the final target diameter, and taking the average value of all the reversely calculated sphere diameter values through a formula 9 to determine the diameter of the target sphere;
Figure FDA0003731370130000023
in equation 9, the diameters D of the spheres corresponding to different frequencies 1 、D 2 、D 3 、...、D N The total back-calculated diameter group number N;
said D 1 、D 2 、D 3 、...、D N In units of cm
For broadband shallow profile data of continuous frequency, the diameter is back-calculated to be a constant function close to a certain constant, and the average is taken to obtain the optimal diameter value of the sphere.
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