CN110877207A - Large-span heavy gantry numerical control machine tool - Google Patents
Large-span heavy gantry numerical control machine tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN110877207A CN110877207A CN201911307011.3A CN201911307011A CN110877207A CN 110877207 A CN110877207 A CN 110877207A CN 201911307011 A CN201911307011 A CN 201911307011A CN 110877207 A CN110877207 A CN 110877207A
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- unloading
- machine tool
- numerical control
- control machine
- pulley
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
- B23Q1/012—Portals
Abstract
The invention discloses a large-span heavy gantry numerical control machine tool, wherein an unloading beam made of polymer concrete materials is arranged in a hollow cavity of a cross beam of the large-span heavy gantry numerical control machine tool, two ends of the unloading beam are respectively provided with a supporting seat which upwards penetrates through the cross beam, the supporting seat is provided with a pulley, a balance rope is wound on the pulley, the first end of the balance rope is connected to the outer unloading beam, and the second end of the balance rope is connected to the inner unloading beam. On one hand, the middle part of the unloading beam can be jacked upwards by adjusting the tightness of the balance rope, and force is transmitted to the cross beam through the adjusting screw, so that the deflection of the cross beam can be effectively balanced, the straightness of the transverse sliding seat moving on the cross beam is improved, and the machining precision of a machine tool is further improved; on the other hand, the characteristics of good strength of the upright columns and the cross beams made of cast iron materials and excellent vibration damping performance of the unloading beams and the supporting core columns made of polymer concrete materials are fully utilized, so that the absorption of vibration is accelerated, and the upright columns and the cross beams are combined to complement each other.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, in particular to a large-span heavy gantry numerical control machine tool.
Background
The large-span heavy gantry numerical control machine tool generally refers to a numerical control machine tool with the weight of more than 30t and the gantry span of more than 5 m. Gantry numerical control machines are divided into two types, namely gantry fixed, worktable movable and gantry movable (also called bridge type), according to whether a gantry moves or not. The bridge type gantry machine tool is characterized by small floor area, large bearing capacity, and convenient processing of workpieces with extra length or extra width, and the travel of the gantry can reach 20 meters.
For such machine tools, factors affecting the machining accuracy of the workpiece are various, and four types are summarized: the first type is that the gantry span causes the beam to generate deflection; the second type is that the weight of the cross sliding seat acts on the beam to deform the gantry beam, and when the cross sliding seat moves on the beam, the moment acting on the beam can change, so that the deformation of the beam changes; the third type is vibration of the machine tool; the fourth type is that the cutting load is transmitted to the cross beam through the ram and the transverse sliding seat to deform the cross beam. The first three problems are more prominent along with the increase of span and the increase of machine tool bearing.
In order to overcome the problems caused by large span and heavy weight, a beam unloading technology is developed.
The Chinese patent CN101462232A discloses a guide rail unloading device for a transverse sliding plate, wherein a 75-degree inclined hole is formed in the upper plane of a transverse sliding plate, a fixed nut is connected through a thread, a cross beam is processed into a 15-degree inclined guide rail, a steel belt is embedded, a bearing support is arranged in the inclined hole of the sliding plate, a self-aligning roller bearing is arranged at the lower end of the inclined hole of the sliding plate through a pin shaft and rolls on the steel belt of the cross beam.
The Chinese invention patent CN102126158A discloses a beam guide rail unloading device, wherein the upper surface of the unloading beam is processed into a convex line, and an unloading wheel balancing device are arranged on a tool rest. The compensation unloading mode can effectively reduce the load borne by the guide rail and improve the straightness of the movement of the tool rest sliding seat on the cross beam, but the unloading structure is complex, and the processing difficulty of the convex line on the upper surface of the unloading beam is high.
Moreover, neither of the two unloading devices described above considers how to reduce the vibration of the machine tool.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a large-span heavy gantry numerical control machine tool which not only can improve the straightness of the transverse sliding seat moving on a cross beam, but also can effectively absorb the vibration of the machine tool, thereby improving the machining precision of workpieces.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that a gantry of the large-span heavy gantry numerical control machine tool can be made into a movable type, and the large-span heavy gantry numerical control machine tool comprises: the gantry comprises a cross beam and upright posts fixedly connected to two ends of the cross beam respectively, the cross beam is provided with a guide rail, the transverse sliding seat is provided with a guide part, and the guide part is in sliding fit with the guide rail; the beam is of a hollow structure, an unloading beam made of polymer concrete materials is arranged in a hollow cavity of the beam, two ends of the unloading beam are fixed in the hollow cavity of the end portion of the beam, adjusting screws are arranged on the top and two side portions of the beam respectively and abut against the corresponding surfaces of the unloading beam, two ends of the unloading beam are respectively provided with a supporting seat which penetrates through the beam upwards, the supporting seat is provided with a pulley, the supporting seat divides the unloading beam into an inner unloading beam positioned on the inner side and an outer unloading beam positioned on the outer side, a balance rope is wound on the pulley, the first end of the balance rope penetrates through the top of the beam and is connected to the outer unloading beam, and the second end of the balance rope penetrates through the top of the beam and is connected to the inner unloading beam.
As the same conception, the invention can also adopt another technical scheme, the portal frame of the numerical control machine can be made into a fixed type, and the specific structure is that the numerical control machine comprises: the gantry comprises a cross beam and upright posts fixedly connected to two ends of the cross beam respectively, the cross beam is provided with a guide rail, the transverse sliding seat is provided with a guide part, and the guide part is in sliding fit with the guide rail; the upright post is of a hollow structure, a supporting core column made of polymer concrete material is arranged in a hollow cavity of the upright post, and the upright post and the supporting core column are respectively fixed on a foundation; the beam is of a hollow structure, an unloading beam made of polymer concrete materials is arranged in a hollow cavity of the beam, two ends of the unloading beam are fixed to the top of the support core column, adjusting screws are arranged on the top and two side portions of the beam respectively and abut against the corresponding surfaces of the unloading beam, two ends of the unloading beam are respectively provided with a supporting seat which penetrates through the beam upwards, the supporting seat is provided with a pulley, the supporting seat divides the unloading beam into an inner unloading beam located on the inner side and an outer unloading beam located on the outer side, a balance rope is wound around the pulley, the first end of the balance rope penetrates through the top of the beam and is connected to the outer unloading beam, and the second end of the balance rope penetrates through the top of the beam and is connected to the inner unloading beam.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the cross beam is of a hollow structure, and the unloading beam is arranged in the hollow cavity of the cross beam, so that on one hand, the middle part of the unloading beam can be jacked upwards by adjusting the tightness of the balance rope, and force is transmitted to the cross beam through the adjusting screw, so that the deflection of the cross beam can be effectively balanced, the straightness of the transverse sliding seat moving on the cross beam is improved, and the machining precision of a machine tool is further improved; on the other hand, the unloading beam is made of polymer concrete material, the polymer concrete material is concrete formed by combining organic polymer, inorganic gelled material and aggregate, the density is high, the rigidity is high, the size and the thermal stability are good, the material also has excellent vibration damping performance, the speed of the material for absorbing vibration is 8-10 times faster than that of gray cast iron, vibration generated by cutting processing is transmitted to the unloading beam through the transverse sliding seat through the adjusting screw, and the absorption of vibration can be accelerated.
According to the invention, the outer unloading beam is provided with the through hole, the first end of the balance rope is provided with the connecting bolt, the connecting bolt penetrates through the through hole and is fixed by screwing the adjusting nut, and the tightness of the balance rope can be conveniently adjusted by screwing the adjusting nut.
In the invention, the pulleys are multi-groove pulleys, a plurality of balance ropes are wound on the multi-groove pulleys, and the balance ropes are connected with the inner side unloading beam in front and back, so that the stress point of the inner side unloading beam can be increased, and the balance effect of the deflection of the cross beam is improved.
In the invention, the adjusting screw is abutted against the unloading beam through the disc-shaped elastic sheet, so that the absorption effect of vibration is enhanced.
In the invention, the guide rails of the cross beam comprise a top guide rail and side guide rails, the top guide rail is arranged at the top of the cross beam, the side guide rails are arranged at the side parts of the cross beam, and two groups of guide rails are arranged, so that the friction between the transverse sliding seat and the cross beam can be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment 1 of a large-span heavy gantry numerical control machine tool of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken at A-A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the large-span heavy gantry numerical control machine tool of the invention;
in the figure: 1-beam, 2-unloading beam, 3-balance rope, 4-pulley, 5-support seat, 6A-column, 6B-column, 7A-support core column, 8-transverse sliding seat, 9-top guide rail, 10-side guide rail, 11-adjusting screw, 12-connecting bolt and 13-adjusting nut.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the machine tool is a gantry-moving type large-span heavy gantry numerical control machine tool, the gantry comprises a beam 1 and columns 6A and 6B fixedly connected to two ends of the beam 1 respectively, the beam 1 is provided with guide rails, in order to reduce friction between a traversing slide 8 and the beam 1, the top of the beam 1 is provided with a top guide rail 9, the side of the beam 1 is provided with a side guide rail 10, the traversing slide 8 is provided with a top guide part and a side guide part respectively, the top guide part is in sliding fit with the top guide rail 9, and the side guide part is in sliding fit with the side guide rail 10.
The cross beam 1 is a cross beam with a hollow structure, an unloading beam 2 made of polymer concrete materials is arranged in a hollow cavity of the cross beam 1, two ends of the unloading beam 2 are fixed in the hollow cavity at the end part of the cross beam 1, adjusting screws 11 are respectively arranged at the top and two side parts of the cross beam 1, the adjusting screws 11 abut against the corresponding surfaces of the unloading beam 2 and are used for transmitting the deformation of the unloading beam 2 which is pulled to be upwards convex to the cross beam 1, the deflection of the cross beam 1 is balanced, the straightness of the transverse sliding seat 8 moving on the cross beam 1 is improved, meanwhile, vibration generated by cutting can be transmitted to the unloading beam 2 through the transverse sliding seat 8 and the adjusting screws 11, and the absorption of the. Preferably, the adjusting screw 11 is pressed against the unloading beam 2 by a disk-shaped spring (not shown).
The polymer concrete material is concrete formed by combining an organic polymer, an inorganic gelled material and aggregate, has high density, high rigidity, good size and thermal stability, and also has excellent vibration damping performance, and the speed of the material is 8-10 times faster than that of gray cast iron in absorbing vibration.
Two ends of the unloading beam 2 are respectively provided with a supporting seat 5 which upwards penetrates through the beam 1, the supporting seats 5 are provided with pulleys 4, each supporting seat 5 divides the unloading beam 2 into an inner unloading beam positioned on the inner side and an outer unloading beam positioned on the outer side, the pulleys 4 are wound with balance ropes 3, the first ends of the balance ropes 3 penetrate through the top of the beam 1 and are connected with the outer unloading beams, and the second ends of the balance ropes penetrate through the top of the beam 1 and are connected with the inner unloading beams. The outer unloading beam is provided with a through hole, the first end of the balance rope 3 is provided with a connecting bolt 12, the connecting bolt 12 penetrates through the through hole and is fixed by a rotary adjusting nut 13, and the tightness of the balance rope 3 can be adjusted through the adjusting nut 13, so that the upward jacking deformation amplitude of the unloading beam 2 can be adjusted. The pulley 4 is preferably a two-groove pulley, in this case, two balancing ropes 3 wound around the multi-groove pulley 4 are provided, and the two balancing ropes 3 are connected to the inner unloading beam in tandem. The two balance ropes can increase the stress point of the inner unloading beam and improve the balance effect of the deflection of the cross beam. Of course, the pulley 4 can also be a multi-groove pulley, and the balance rope is matched with the multi-groove pulley, so that the deflection balance effect is better for the cross beam with larger span.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, the embodiment 2 is a large-span heavy gantry numerical control machine tool with a fixed gantry and a movable workbench, and the structure thereof is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1, except that the columns 6A and 6B are hollow columns, support columns 7A (the support columns in the columns 6B are not shown) made of polymer concrete materials are respectively arranged in the hollow cavities of the columns 6A and 6B, and the columns 6A and 6B and the support columns are respectively fixed on a foundation. Because the supporting core columns are arranged, two ends of the unloading beam 2 are respectively fixed at the top of one supporting core column, and therefore vibration generated by equipment can be absorbed more quickly.
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and all insubstantial modifications of the concepts, principles, and methods disclosed herein are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A large-span heavy gantry numerical control machine tool comprises:
the gantry comprises a cross beam and upright posts fixedly connected to two ends of the cross beam respectively, the cross beam is provided with a guide rail, the transverse sliding seat is provided with a guide part, and the guide part is in sliding fit with the guide rail; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the beam is of a hollow structure, an unloading beam made of polymer concrete materials is arranged in a hollow cavity of the beam, two ends of the unloading beam are fixed in the hollow cavity of the end portion of the beam, adjusting screws are arranged on the top and two side portions of the beam respectively and abut against the corresponding surfaces of the unloading beam, two ends of the unloading beam are respectively provided with a supporting seat which penetrates through the beam upwards, the supporting seat is provided with a pulley, the supporting seat divides the unloading beam into an inner unloading beam positioned on the inner side and an outer unloading beam positioned on the outer side, a balance rope is wound on the pulley, the first end of the balance rope penetrates through the top of the beam and is connected to the outer unloading beam, and the second end of the balance rope penetrates through the top of the beam and is connected to the inner unloading beam.
2. The large-span heavy gantry numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the outer unloading beam is provided with a through hole, the first end of the balance rope is provided with a connecting bolt, and the connecting bolt penetrates through the through hole and is screwed with an adjusting nut for fixing.
3. The numerical control machine tool for a large-span heavy gantry of claim 1, wherein the pulley is a multi-groove pulley, a plurality of balance ropes are wound around the multi-groove pulley, and the balance ropes are connected to the inner unloading beam in a front-back manner.
4. The numerical control machine tool for a large-span heavy gantry of claim 1, wherein the adjusting screw abuts against the unloading beam through a dished elastic sheet.
5. The large-span heavy gantry numerically controlled machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the rails of the beam comprise a top rail disposed at the top of the beam and side rails disposed at the sides of the beam.
6. A large-span heavy gantry numerical control machine tool comprises:
the gantry comprises a cross beam and upright posts fixedly connected to two ends of the cross beam respectively, the cross beam is provided with a guide rail, the transverse sliding seat is provided with a guide part, and the guide part is in sliding fit with the guide rail; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the upright post is of a hollow structure, a supporting core column made of polymer concrete material is arranged in a hollow cavity of the upright post, and the upright post and the supporting core column are respectively fixed on a foundation;
the beam is of a hollow structure, an unloading beam made of polymer concrete materials is arranged in a hollow cavity of the beam, two ends of the unloading beam are fixed to the top of the support core column, adjusting screws are arranged on the top and two side portions of the beam respectively and abut against the corresponding surfaces of the unloading beam, two ends of the unloading beam are respectively provided with a supporting seat which penetrates through the beam upwards, the supporting seat is provided with a pulley, the supporting seat divides the unloading beam into an inner unloading beam located on the inner side and an outer unloading beam located on the outer side, a balance rope is wound around the pulley, the first end of the balance rope penetrates through the top of the beam and is connected to the outer unloading beam, and the second end of the balance rope penetrates through the top of the beam and is connected to the inner unloading beam.
7. The large-span heavy gantry numerical control machine tool according to claim 6, wherein the outer unloading beam is provided with a through hole, the first end of the balance rope is provided with a connecting bolt, and the connecting bolt penetrates through the through hole and is screwed with an adjusting nut for fixing.
8. The numerical control machine tool for a large-span heavy gantry of claim 6, wherein the pulley is a multi-groove pulley, a plurality of balance ropes are wound around the multi-groove pulley, and the balance ropes are connected to the inner unloading beam in a front-back manner.
9. The numerical control machine tool for a large-span heavy gantry of claim 6, wherein the adjusting screw abuts against the unloading beam through a disk-shaped elastic sheet.
10. The large-span heavy gantry numerically controlled machine tool according to claim 6, wherein the rails of the beam comprise a top rail and side rails, the top rail is disposed at the top of the beam, and the side rails are disposed at the sides of the beam.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911307011.3A CN110877207A (en) | 2019-12-18 | 2019-12-18 | Large-span heavy gantry numerical control machine tool |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911307011.3A CN110877207A (en) | 2019-12-18 | 2019-12-18 | Large-span heavy gantry numerical control machine tool |
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| CN110877207A true CN110877207A (en) | 2020-03-13 |
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| CN201911307011.3A Pending CN110877207A (en) | 2019-12-18 | 2019-12-18 | Large-span heavy gantry numerical control machine tool |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114055186A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-02-18 | 东莞市固达机械制造有限公司 | Push-pull portal frame |
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- 2019-12-18 CN CN201911307011.3A patent/CN110877207A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114055186A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-02-18 | 东莞市固达机械制造有限公司 | Push-pull portal frame |
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