CN110876162B

CN110876162B - Random access method and device for MTC (machine type communication) equipment

Info

Publication number: CN110876162B
Application number: CN201810994486.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 薛子涛
Original assignee: ZTE Corp
Current assignee: ZTE Corp
Priority date: 2018-08-29
Filing date: 2018-08-29
Publication date: 2023-05-19
Anticipated expiration: 2038-08-29
Also published as: CN110876162A

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a random access method and a device for MTC equipment, wherein the method comprises the following steps: before sending the Preamble, the UE acquires PRACH resource allocation information of other UEs under the same base station; the UE formulates a sending strategy of a preamble according to PRACH resource allocation information of other UEs and downlink information of a base station where the UE is located; and the UE transmits the preamble according to the transmission strategy when initiating random access. The method can effectively avoid random access failure caused by congestion of the PRACH channel resources of the lead code when a large number of MTC devices perform random access simultaneously, and effectively improve the access success rate of the large number of MTC devices when the MTC devices initiate access simultaneously.

Description

Random access method and device for MTC (machine type communication) equipment

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of machine type communication (Machine Type of Communication, MTC), and in particular, to a random access method and apparatus for MTC devices.

Background

The 3GPP is working in Release13 to develop Cellular networks (Cellular networks) that provide low power wide area internet of things (Low Power Wide Area, LPWA) connectivity. In an application scenario based on LPWA, MTC devices (hereinafter referred to as UEs) can be scheduled by a base station to transmit uplink resources only after uplink synchronization is established between the MTC devices and an evolved node b (enb) through a Random Access (RA). As shown in fig. 1, the contention-based random access method includes the following steps: 1. the UE transmits a non-dedicated random access Preamble (Preamble) to the base station through a physical random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel, PRACH); 2. the base station sends a random access response message (Random Access Response, RAR) to the UE through a physical downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel, PDSCH); 3. the UE sends a radio resource control (Radio Resource Control, RRC) connection request to the base station; 4. the base station receives the request and establishes RRC connection with the UE.

Therefore, in the prior art, the contention-based random access scenario does not have an allocation policy for the PRACH resource, while the massive machine type communication (massive Machine Type of Communication, mctc) under 5G has the situation that massive MTC devices initiate random access requests at the same time, and the random access of MTC devices still using the prior art scheme can cause congestion of the PRACH channel due to the simultaneous transmission of a large number of preambles. MTC devices may therefore fail access, which may increase device power consumption, reducing IoT network efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above problems, embodiments of the present invention are expected to provide a random access method and apparatus for MTC devices, which can effectively allocate PRACH resources in a contention-based random access scenario, and reduce access energy consumption of MTC devices.

The technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention is realized as follows:

in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a random access method for MTC equipment, where the method includes:

before sending the Preamble, the UE acquires PRACH resource allocation information of other UEs under the same base station;

the UE formulates a sending strategy of a preamble according to PRACH resource allocation information of other UE and downlink information of a base station where the UE is located;

And the UE transmits the preamble according to the transmission strategy when initiating random access.

In the above scheme, the UE obtains PRACH resource allocation information of other UEs under the same base station, including:

when the UE supports at least one network type of a wide area network, a local area network and a personal area network to establish connection with other UE, the UE establishes connection with the other UE according to a preset network type priority, and obtains PRACH resource allocation information of the other UE after establishing connection; the network type priority is local area network, personal area network and wide area network from high to low.

and the UE traverses other UEs under the same base station, acquires a formulated preamble transmission strategy of the other UEs under the same base station, and acquires PRACH resource allocation information according to the formulated preamble transmission strategy.

In the above solution, the downlink information of the base station includes:

base station network system, base station identification, base station distribution frequency domain, base station distribution time domain, base station connection signal quality and intensity.

In the above scheme, the UE formulates a sending policy of the preamble according to PRACH resource allocation information of the other UEs and downlink information of the base station, including:

The UE obtains the PRACH resource allocation information which can be allocated by the UE according to the PRACH resource allocation information of the other UE;

and the UE formulates a sending strategy of the lead code according to the PRACH resource allocation information which can be allocated by the UE and the downlink information of the base station.

In the above scheme, the UE formulates a sending policy of the preamble according to PRACH resource allocation information of the other UEs and downlink information of the base station, and further includes:

the random access frequency of the UE is the same as that of the other UEs, the PRACH time domain resources are sufficient, and the UE formulates a first strategy; wherein the first policy indicates that a random access preamble is time-shared transmitted in the PRACH;

the random access frequency of the UE is different from that of other UEs, the PRACH time domain resource is insufficient, and the UE formulates a second strategy; wherein the second policy indicates that a random access preamble is sent in the PRACH in a frequency division manner;

if the first strategy and the second strategy cannot be implemented, the UE formulates a third strategy; wherein the third policy indicates that a random access preamble is transmitted in the PRACH code domain over different orthogonal subcarriers of the multicarrier modulation;

if the third strategy cannot be implemented, but a plurality of other base stations with the same signal quality and strength are connected with the base station, the UE formulates a fourth strategy; wherein, the fourth policy indicates that a random access preamble is sent in PRACH domain resources of the different base stations through at least one policy of the first policy, the second policy and the third policy;

If the fourth strategy cannot be implemented, but a plurality of base station network systems supported by the UE and the base station exist, the UE formulates a fifth strategy; and the fifth strategy indicates that the random access preamble is sent through at least one strategy of the first strategy, the second strategy, the third strategy and the fourth strategy in PRACH resources of the base station under different base station network systems.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a random access device of MTC equipment, where the random access device includes: the system comprises a data acquisition module, a strategy formulation module and a strategy response module; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,

the data acquisition module is configured to acquire PRACH resource allocation information of other UE under the same base station before sending the Preamble;

the strategy making module is configured to make a sending strategy of the lead code according to PRACH resource allocation information of other UE and downlink information of a base station;

the policy response module is configured to send a preamble according to the sending policy when initiating random access.

In the above solution, the data acquisition module is configured to:

when the UE supports at least one network type of a wide area network, a local area network and a personal area network to establish connection with other UE, the UE establishes connection with the other UE according to a preset network type priority, and after the connection is established, the data acquisition module acquires PRACH resource allocation information of the other UE; the network type priority is local area network, personal area network and wide area network from high to low.

In the above solution, the data acquisition module is configured to:

the UE traverses other UEs under the same base station, the data acquisition module acquires the formulated preamble transmission strategy of the other UEs under the same base station, and PRACH resource allocation information is acquired according to the formulated preamble transmission strategy.

In the above solution, the policy making module is further configured to:

the downlink information of the base station required by the policy making module includes: base station network system, base station identification, base station distribution frequency domain, base station distribution time domain, base station connection signal quality and intensity.

In the above solution, the policy making module is configured to:

obtaining PRACH resource allocation information which can be allocated by the user equipment according to the PRACH resource allocation information of the other UE obtained by the resource obtaining module;

and formulating a sending strategy of the lead code according to the PRACH resource allocation information which can be allocated by the self and the downlink information of the base station.

In the above solution, the policy making module is further configured to:

when the random access frequency of the UE is the same as that of the other UEs and the PRACH time domain resources are sufficient, a first strategy is formulated for the UE; wherein the first policy indicates that a random access preamble is time-shared transmitted in the PRACH;

When the random access frequencies of the UE and other UEs are different and the PRACH time domain resources are insufficient, a second strategy is formulated for the UE; wherein the second policy indicates that a random access preamble is sent in the PRACH in a frequency division manner;

if the first strategy and the second strategy cannot be implemented, a third strategy is formulated for the UE; wherein the third policy indicates that a random access preamble is transmitted in the PRACH code domain over different orthogonal subcarriers of the multicarrier modulation;

if the third strategy cannot be implemented, but a plurality of other base stations with the same signal quality and strength are connected with the base station, a fourth strategy is formulated for the UE; wherein, the fourth policy indicates that a random access preamble is sent in PRACH domain resources of the different base stations through at least one policy of the first policy, the second policy and the third policy;

if the fourth strategy cannot be implemented, but a plurality of base station network systems supported by the UE and the base station exist, a fifth strategy is formulated for the UE; and the fifth strategy indicates that the random access preamble is sent through at least one strategy of the first strategy, the second strategy, the third strategy and the fourth strategy in PRACH resources of the base station under different base station network systems.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a random access apparatus, where the random access apparatus includes: a network interface, a memory, a processor; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,

the network interface is used for receiving and transmitting signals in the process of receiving and transmitting information with other external network elements;

the memory is used for storing a computer program capable of running on the processor;

the processor is configured to perform the steps of the method of any of the first aspects when the computer program is run.

In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer readable medium storing a program of access control, which when executed by at least one processor implements the steps of the method of any of the first aspects.

The embodiment of the invention provides a random access method and a random access device for MTC equipment; before transmitting the preamble, the UE acquires PRACH resource allocation information of other UEs under the same base station, and formulates a preamble transmission strategy according to the PRACH resource allocation information of other UEs and downlink information of the base station; the random access failure caused by the congestion of the PRACH channel resources of the lead code caused by the random access of a large number of MTC devices can be effectively avoided, and the access success rate of the mass MTC devices when the MTC devices initiate access at the same time is effectively improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a contention-based random access procedure;

fig. 2 is a flowchart of a random access method of MTC equipment according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an MTC network architecture according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 4 is a flowchart of a random access method of MTC equipment according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of an MTC network architecture according to an implementation of the embodiments of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an MTC network architecture according to an implementation of the embodiments of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an MTC network architecture according to an implementation of the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a preamble transmission policy formulated in one implementation of an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a preamble transmission policy formulated according to an implementation of the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a preamble transmission policy formulated according to an implementation of the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a formulated preamble transmission strategy according to an implementation of the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a formulated preamble transmission strategy according to an implementation of the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a random access device of MTC equipment according to an embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 14 is a schematic hardware structure of a random access device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Example 1

Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a random access method of MTC equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention, including:

s201: before sending the Preamble, the UE acquires PRACH resource allocation information of other UEs under the same base station.

It can be understood that the UE in the embodiment of the present invention is an MTC terminal, i.e. a device for machine-type communication, such as a stopwatch, a sensor, a digital camera, a medical electronic device, etc. But may also be an LPWA-enabled cellular telephone, smart phone, personal Digital Assistant (PDA), handheld device, tablet device, laptop computer, netbook, smartbook, ultrabook, etc. But may also be an internet of things remote device including such things as sensors, gauges, location tags, etc.

It may be understood that "other UEs" in the embodiment of the present invention refer to other UEs that initiate random access requests with UEs under the coverage of the same base station network.

It will be appreciated that a base station in embodiments of the present invention may provide communication coverage for a macrocell, microcell, picocell, and/or other type of cell. A macrocell can cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., 1-30 kilometers in radius) that allows unrestricted access by UEs subscribed to the service. A microcell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., 30 meters to 300 meters in radius) that allows unrestricted access by UEs subscribed to the service. A pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., 10 meters to 30 meters radius) that allows unrestricted access by UEs subscribed to the service.

Aiming at the situation that the Preamble of massive UE is jammed in the PRACH of limited resources, the embodiment of the invention expects to differentially send the Preamble of the UE which initiates random access in the PRACH resources. In order to enable the UE to know the current PRACH channel resource allocation situation, network connection between the UE and other UEs under the same base station needs to be established first to obtain the resource allocation information of PRACH of other UEs under the same base station.

As shown in fig. 3, in the scenario of the embodiment of the present invention, there are multiple UEs and multiple base stations in the IoT system to establish connection with each other. In this scenario, UE1 supports two wan schemes, which may initiate random access to base station 1 through wan 1 or initiate random access to base station 2 through wan 2, and since UE3 also supports wan 2 scheme, connection between UE1 and UE3 may be established through wan 2.

It may be appreciated that the Wide Area network in the embodiment of the present invention may be a Low-Power Wide-Area (LPWA) network based on an LTE cellular network (including 2G/3G/4G) including a narrowband internet of things (Narrow Band-Internet of Things, NB-IoT), an extended coverage global system for mobile communications (Extended Coverage-Global System for Mobile Communication, EC-GSM), enhanced machine type communications (Enhanced Machine Type of Communication, eMTC), and the like, and may be a 5G network in the future.

As shown in fig. 3, UE1 and UE2 may also establish a connection through lan 1, and at the same time, UE2 may also establish a connection with UE3 through lan 2.

It should be understood that the local area networks in the embodiments of the present invention are all wireless local area networks, and mainly include various wireless networks supporting the protocol IEEE 802.11/a/g/b/n/ac.

It will be appreciated that although UE1 and UE3 cannot directly establish a lan connection, signaling may be performed using UE2 as a bridge; meanwhile, UE1 may also establish a connection with UE3 through a wide area network.

Optionally, the UE and other UEs may also establish network connection through other network forms, such as: the personal area network is not described in detail herein.

Therefore, the multiplexing network of multiple network modes can be established simultaneously through the UE and other UEs supporting the same network mode, so that the UE can establish network connection with each UE under the coverage of the base station signal, and the effective acquisition of PRACH resource allocation information of other UEs under the same base station by the UE is ensured; meanwhile, the UE in the embodiment of the invention can establish connection with other UEs connected with other base stations through a supportable network system, so that the allocable PRACH resource information of the other base stations can be obtained.

It can be appreciated that the UE acquires PRACH resource allocation status of other UEs under the base station through the established network connection, and specifically, the following situations can be classified according to whether the acquired information includes the preamble transmission policy formulated by the other UEs.

(a) If the second UE establishing the connection relationship with the UE has formulated a preamble transmission strategy, the UE can acquire the allocated PRACH resource condition of the second UE according to the formulated preamble transmission strategy of the second UE.

(b) If the second UE establishing the connection with the UE does not make a preamble transmission policy, but the second UE has acquired the made preamble transmission policy of the third UE, the UE may acquire the allocated PRACH resource of the third UE according to the made preamble transmission policy of the third UE.

And by analogy, the UE can obtain the situation that all PRACH resources under the current base station are allocated by traversing the PRACH resource situations of all the UE under the signal coverage of the same base station.

S202: and the UE formulates a sending strategy of the preamble according to PRACH resource allocation information of other UEs and downlink information of the base station.

It can be understood that the UE can obtain the PRACH allocable resources of the UE at the current base station according to the PRACH resource allocation information of other UEs, and on this basis, the UE also needs to acquire the downlink information of the access base station to formulate the preamble sending strategy of the corresponding UE.

As can be appreciated, since the internet of things system of the embodiment of the present invention has a scenario in which a plurality of UEs and a plurality of base stations perform uplink access, it is necessary to distinguish between the base stations, and the downlink information includes: base station network system, base station identification, base station assignable frequency domain, base station assignable time domain, base station connection signal quality and strength. The uplink information may be obtained by using uplink and downlink detection signals, which are not described herein.

Through the downlink information, the UE can acquire the link information of all the accessible base stations in real time, and actively select the most suitable base station to transmit the preamble in the PRACH resource interval, thereby greatly improving the success rate of random access of the UE.

Optionally, the preamble sending policy includes five kinds of policies including a time domain policy, a frequency domain policy, a code domain policy, a network system policy, and a base station policy.

Therefore, the strategy of sending the preamble in the embodiment of the invention is further added with the strategy of respectively sending the preamble to the network system and the base station on the basis of distinguishing the time domain, the frequency domain and the code domain. This greatly increases the number of UEs that can perform uplink access simultaneously.

For example, if the time domain, the frequency domain, and the code domain are set to be able to formulate 10 UE transmission strategies, the time domain×frequency domain scheme may formulate 100 UE transmission strategies, and the time domain×frequency domain×code domain scheme may formulate 1000 UE transmission strategies; if the network system supported by the UE is set to be 2, 3 base stations which can initiate access by the UE are set, and then the network system of time domain×frequency domain×code domain×base station×network can obtain the transmission strategy of 6000 UEs. Therefore, through the mutual combination of the strategies, the method in the implementation of the invention can meet the uplink access requirements of a large number of UE.

It will be appreciated that steps S201 and S202 are both performed before the UE initiates the contention-based random signaling 1 (MSG 1) of the random access procedure to the base station, so that the above data acquisition and policy making procedure does not affect the normal RA procedure between the UE and the base station, and because the UE preferably performs data interaction through the local area network, no unnecessary burden is imposed on the network efficiency of random access.

S203: and the UE transmits the preamble according to the transmission strategy when initiating random access.

It can be understood that in the embodiment of the present invention, the policy of the UE does not have uniqueness, that is, the policy validity is only aimed at the last random access, and if the UE needs to initiate the random access to the base station again later, the policy needs to be re-formulated. This is because the characteristics of a vast number of UEs change the number of UEs that are randomly accessed from time to time in the network and the allocable PRACH resources of the corresponding UEs. Therefore, only the policy is formulated for the allocable PRACH resources and the downlink information which are currently acquired by the UE, the PRACH resources can be reasonably allocated, and access failure caused by the collision of the lead codes can be avoided.

According to the random access method for the MTC UE, multiplexing network type connection between the UE and other UEs under the same base station is established, so that the UE can know the PRACH resource condition which is allocated currently, and therefore the allocable PRACH resource information is obtained, and a preamble code sending strategy for distinguishing on various domains is prepared by combining downlink information. By using the preamble sending strategy aiming at the UE, congestion and collision of the preamble in the PRACH can be effectively avoided, so that the random access success rate of the UE is improved, and the energy consumption loss of the UE is reduced.

Example two

Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a random access method of MTC equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention, including:

s401: the UE establishes network connection with other UEs under the same base station.

In the embodiment of the invention, the UE needs to establish a connection relation with other UEs under the same base station, and the allocated PRACH resource information of all the UEs under the same base station is obtained. The establishment of the network connection may be achieved as follows.

As shown in fig. 5, in a first implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, UE a establishes a connection with UE B through a wide area network.

Preferably, the wide area network is an NB-IoT, eMTC, and 5G network based on cellular mobile network LPWA.

Alternatively, the wide area network may be another type of LPWA, including Sigfox, LORa, ingenu, telensa, qowisio, neul, NWave, weightless and RPMA

Preferably, for the case that the UE and other UEs support multiple connections in the wide area network at the same time, NB-IoT, eMTC and 5G networks are preferentially used for connection, and for network systems other than NB-IoT, eMTC and 5G, the network system may be selected to establish connection according to the manner of determining the priority according to the network quality, which is not described herein.

Further, in a second implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, on the basis that UE a has established a connection with UE B through NB-IoT and eMTC and 5G network, a connection is established simultaneously with UE C through a wireless local area network.

Preferably, the wireless local area network is ZigBee.

Optionally, the wireless local area network may also be another low-power wireless local area network, including: thread protocol, wireless-Fidelity (WiFi), and z-wave.

Preferably, for the case that the UE and other UEs support multiple connections in the local area network at the same time, since ZigBee has a good low power consumption characteristic, connection is established by preferentially using ZigBee; for network connection modes except ZigBee, network modes can be selected to establish connection according to the mode of determining priority according to network signal intensity, and details are not repeated here.

Further, in the third implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, UE a may also establish a connection with UE D through a personal area network (personal area network, PAN) at the same time on the basis that UE B has established a connection with UE B through NB-IoT, eMTC, and 5G networks, and also establishes a connection with UE C through zigbee protocols.

Preferably, the personal area network is Ultra-Wideband (UWB).

Optionally, the personal area network may also be other network systems, including: blueTooth protocol (BT), infrared data organization (Infrared Data Association, irDA) and HomeRF.

Preferably, for the case that the UE and other UEs support multiple connection modes in the above personal area network at the same time, since UWB has the best low power consumption characteristic and the fastest communication speed, UWB is preferentially used to establish connection, and for network systems other than UWB, the network system can be selected to establish connection according to the manner of determining priority according to the network signal strength, which is not described herein again.

Preferably, for the case that the UE and other UEs support multiple network types in the wide area network, the local area network, and the personal area network simultaneously exist, the network priority is set to be that the local area network > the personal area network > the wide area network, because the wide area network in the embodiment of the invention is also the internet of things, the network load of the wide area network needs to be reduced as much as possible, and the local area network often has a higher network transmission rate compared with the personal area network.

It can be understood that the UE in the embodiment of the present invention may establish a connection relationship of multiplexing network coverage with other UEs under the same base station through including a wide area network, a local area network, and a personal area network. Through the multiplexing network connection relation, the UE can perform signaling interaction with all the UEs under the same base station, and acquire PRACH resource conditions and related information of each base station in the Internet of things system in multiple directions. The characteristics of 'Internet of things and cooperative sensing' among the UEs in the Internet of things are utilized, so that information required by strategy making is more comprehensive.

S402: the UE acquires the allocated PRACH resource information of other UEs.

Through S401, the UE establishes a connection relationship with all UEs under the same base station, and can acquire the preamble transmission policy formulated by other UEs by using the connection relationship. Whether or not a policy has been formulated for other UEs that interact with the UE may be classified as follows.

In the first case, the UE establishes network connection with the second UE, acquires a strategy formulated by the second UE, and analyzes the strategy to acquire the situation of the allocated PRACH resources; and the UE establishes network connection with the third UE, acquires the formulated strategy of the third UE, … until all the UE are traversed, and the allocated PRACH resource set is obtained.

In the second case, the UE establishes a network connection with the second UE, but the second UE does not make a policy and therefore cannot acquire; and the UE establishes network connection with the third UE, acquires the formulated strategy of the third UE, … until all the UE are traversed, and the allocated PRACH resource set is obtained.

In the third case, the UE establishes a network connection with the second UE, but the second UE does not make a policy and therefore cannot acquire; but the UE finds the formulation policy of the third UE in the second UE; the UE analyzes the strategy and acquires the allocated PRACH resources; the UE skips the third UE and the fourth UE to establish a network connection, and obtains the fourth UE formulated policy … until all UEs are traversed, thereby obtaining the set of allocated PRACH resources.

It may be appreciated that when the UE obtains the allocated PRACH resource of each UE by traversing, as long as the formulation policy of a UE is resolved, even if the formulation policy is not obtained by establishing a network connection between the UE and the UE, the UE does not need to establish a network with the UE to perform a policy obtaining procedure. Therefore, the repeated data acquisition times can be greatly reduced, and the data integration efficiency is improved. The UE obtains the allocated PRACH resource set by actively traversing all other UEs under the same base station, so that the PRACH resource interval available for allocation is known.

S403: the UE acquires downlink information of an access base station.

As can be appreciated, for a UE, a UE obtained by acquiring an established policy of other UEs may allocate PRACH resources, belonging to external information; in order to make self-policy, the UE needs to acquire internal information, which in the embodiment of the present invention is the downlink information about the UE. Since the UE in this embodiment supports multiple IoT network formats, the method for acquiring downlink information of different network formats is also different.

It can be understood that, for network systems supporting TDD such as eMTC, MTC UE may obtain quality information of a downlink channel by obtaining quality information of an uplink channel by using channel reciprocity of TD-LTE. Specifically, since the UE needs to periodically send an uplink channel detection reference signal (Sounding Reference Signal, SRS) to report uplink channel quality information to the base station to provide a reference for resource scheduling of the base station, the UE can acquire downlink channel quality information through channel reciprocity of TDD.

It can be appreciated that for network formats such as NB-IoT that do not support TDD, the UE can evaluate the channel quality indication (Channel Quality Indicator, CQI) of the downlink channel by detecting the Cell-specific reference signal (Cell-specific reference signals, CRS) to obtain the downlink channel quality information.

Preferably, the downlink information required for policy making in the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes: base station network system, base station identification, base station assignable frequency domain, base station assignable time domain, base station connection signal quality and strength, which are all related to the base station that the UE can initiate access.

As can be appreciated, the base station network system is used to describe the network system of the base station where the UE can initiate random access, that is, the IoT network type supported by the base station in this embodiment is mainly NB-IoT and eMTC system; the base station identifier is used for explaining the base station which can initiate random access by the UE and can be known by acquiring a cell global identifier (E-UTRAN Cell Global Identifier, EGCI) of the base station; the time domain which can be allocated by the base station is used for explaining the time domain resources which can be allocated by the base station and can be known through downlink control information (Downlink Control Information, DCI); the base station frequency domain resource information is used for explaining the frequency domain resources which can be allocated by the base station and can be known through DCI; base station received signal quality and strength are used to illustrate the signal strength and signal quality of a base station from which a UE may initiate random access, which the UE may learn through system information blocks (System information block, SIBs).

As can be appreciated, since the IoT system in the embodiment of the present invention has a scenario in which the UE is covered by multiple base station signals at the same time, the UE may initiate random access with multiple base stations. The UE may thus acquire PRACH allocable resources of the base station and acquire downlink information of the base station by switching the base station and establishing a network connection with all other UEs under the same base station. Thus, when the allocable PRACH resources of the original base station for the UE to initiate the call are insufficient, the UE can search the allocable PRACH resources to send the preamble through the active switching base station, so that the uplink access success rate of the UE is greatly improved.

S404: and the UE formulates a strategy according to the acquired allocated PRACH resource information and the downlink information.

It can be understood that in the embodiment of the present invention, the network scenario of each UE in random access is different, so that a preamble transmission policy needs to be formulated for the access scenario of the UE.

Further, as shown in fig. 8, in the first implementation manner according to the present embodiment, the UE constructs a random access scenario of the UE by using downlink information acquired from the base station and allocated PRACH resource information acquired from other UEs: the random access frequency of the UE is the same as that of other UEs, and PRACH time domain resources are sufficient. In this scenario, it is considered to distinguish transmission of random access preambles of a UE and other UEs in the time domain. Thus, the UE formulates a policy to time-share transmit the random access preamble in the PRACH.

Preferably, the method of Time Division transmission may be Time Division multiple access (Time Division multiple access, TDMA) or Time Division-synchronous code Division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) and the evolution of the above methods.

Further, as shown in fig. 9, in the second implementation manner according to the present embodiment, the UE constructs a random access scenario of the UE by using the downlink information acquired from the base station and the allocated PRACH resource information acquired from other UEs: the random access frequencies of the UE and other UEs are different, and PRACH time domain resources are insufficient. In this scenario, consider that preambles of UEs are transmitted separately in the frequency domain. Thus, the UE formulates a policy to frequency-divide transmission of the random access preamble in the PRACH.

Preferably, the scheme of the frequency division transmission may be frequency division multiple access (Frequency Division Multiple Access/Address, FDMA) and an evolution of the above method.

Further, as shown in fig. 10, in a third implementation manner according to the present embodiment, the UE constructs a random access scenario of the UE by using downlink information acquired from the base station and allocated PRACH resource information acquired from other UEs: the resources of the time domain and the frequency domain of the PRACH are insufficient, and the PRACH cannot be allocated. In this scenario, consider that preambles of UEs are transmitted separately on orthogonal carrier code domains. Thus, the UE formulates a strategy for transmitting the preamble over different orthogonal subcarriers of the multicarrier modulation in the PRACH.

Preferably, the method of multi-carrier modulation is multi-carrier modulation by orthogonal frequency division multiple access (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Access, OFDMA) or Single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), and interference between transmitted preambles can be effectively avoided due to orthogonality of the carriers.

Further, as shown in fig. 11, in a fourth implementation manner according to the present embodiment, the UE constructs a random access scenario of the UE by using the downlink information acquired from the base station 1 and the acquired PRACH resource assignable information: for the base station 1, the time domain and the frequency domain of the PRACH and even the orthogonal carrier code domain resources are insufficient, and the UE cannot be allocated any more; but the UE detects the presence of a base station 2 with the same signal quality and strength information as the base station 1 in the same network; the base station 2 has allocable resources in the PRACH time domain or/and the frequency domain or/and the code domain. In this scenario, consider that preambles of UEs are transmitted separately on different base stations. Thus, the UE formulates a policy to transmit the preamble through PRACH of a different base station.

It can be appreciated that when the UE finds that the PRACH of the connected first base station has no resources for random access, it immediately searches for a second base station in the network having similar signal quality strength as the first base station for handover. And acquiring the conditions of the allocable PRACH resources by acquiring the downlink information of the second base station and the allocated PRACH resources of other UE under the second same base station. The preamble is finally transmitted by any one of the first three implementations, so the transmission method in this implementation may be any one of the foregoing three implementations.

Therefore, the UE can traverse all the base stations in the network under the condition that the original base station cannot be provided with PRACH resources for allocation, search other base stations with the same signal quality intensity as the original base station for switching, and ensure that the UE always finds the allocable PRACH resources for access.

Further, as shown in fig. 12, in a fifth implementation manner according to the present embodiment, the UE constructs a random access scenario of the UE by using the downlink information acquired from the base station 1 and the acquired PRACH resource assignable information: under the current NB-IoT network, for base station 1, the time domain and frequency domain of PRACH and even orthogonal carrier code domain resources are insufficient, and the UE cannot be allocated any more; the UE cannot search other base stations with the same signal quality and intensity information as the base station 1 in the same network, or does not have allocable PRACH resources for the other base stations with the same signal quality and intensity information as the base station 1; but UE and base station 1 support other network formats such as eMTC network at the same time. In this scenario, consider that preambles of UEs are transmitted separately over different network schemes. Thus, the UE formulates a policy to transmit the preamble over the PRACH over different network schemes.

It can be appreciated that when the UE traverses the current IoT network and finds that no base station has allocable PRACH resources, it detects whether the base station supports other IoT network systems, and if so, performs network system switching. As the network system is switched, the PRACH under the network system may have an allocable resource. The preamble is finally transmitted by any one of the first three implementations, so the transmission policy in this implementation may be any technical method of the foregoing three implementations.

Preferably, the network systems are eMTC and NB-IoT, and the foregoing description has been given for other LWPA types that may be implemented by the embodiments of the present invention, and will not be repeated here.

It can be understood that the above five implementation manners in the embodiment of the present invention are technical schemes that can be flexibly combined according to the number of UEs and uplink access scenarios. By using the negotiation strategies singly and/or in combination, various uplink access scenes of the UE in MTC can be effectively mapped, the transmission domain of the preamble is expanded in a phase-changing manner, and the preamble of the UE is distinguished and transmitted to ensure that the preamble of the UE cannot collide in the random access process.

S405: and the UE transmits the preamble according to the transmission strategy during random access.

When the UE initiates uplink random access, the UE sends a Preamble on the PRACH according to a strategy.

Specifically, in the UEs initiating random access at the same time, the UEs with the same transmission frequency transmit a Preamble to the base station through TDMA or TD-SCDMA signals; the UE under the same time slot sends a Preamble to the base station through an FDMA signal; the UE which cannot allocate the time domain and the frequency domain sends a Preamble to the base station through OFDMA or SC-FDMA orthogonal carrier; the UE which cannot allocate the time domain, the frequency domain and the orthogonal carrier waves by the current base station sends the Preamble through paging other base stations with the same signal quality and strength information as the current base station; and the UE which cannot allocate time domain, frequency domain and orthogonal carrier resources in the system searches resources to send the Preamble by switching network systems communicated with the base stations.

In the contention-based RA procedure MSG1, preambles of all UEs are sent in a differentiated manner by the above policy, so that the situations that the preambles of the UEs collide and interfere with each other in the PRACH do not occur.

It can be appreciated that, due to the complexity of the IoT system in the embodiment of the present invention, the multiplexing network connection manner of multiple UEs and multiple base stations is often involved, so that the preamble transmission policy of the UE needs to be redefined for each random access procedure of the UE, so as to ensure the real-time performance and accuracy of the policy.

As can be appreciated, for the situation of massive UEs in the internet of things, the scheme of the embodiment can effectively avoid uplink interference caused by mutual collision of the preambles in the PRACH when a large number of UEs perform random access at the same time, avoid repeated reconnection of the UEs caused by access failure, and greatly reduce the power consumption of the UEs. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention conforms to the development trend of massive UE and low power consumption requirements in the 5G Internet of things, improves the access success rate of the UE by formulating a random access strategy for PRACH channel resources aiming at the random access scene of the UE, achieves the effects of reducing the terminal power consumption and improving the overall network efficiency, can conditionally expand the current LWPA to the future 5G scene, and has great commercial value and good technical prospect.

Example III

Based on the same inventive concept as the foregoing embodiments, referring to fig. 13, which shows a composition of a random access device 130 of MTC equipment according to the embodiment of the present invention, the method may include: the system comprises a data acquisition module 1301, a strategy formulation module 1302 and a strategy response module 1303; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,

the data obtaining module 1301 is configured to obtain PRACH resource allocation information of other UEs under the same base station before sending the Preamble;

The policy making module 1302 is configured to make a sending policy of the preamble according to the PRACH resource allocation information of the other UEs and the downlink information of the base station where the PRACH resource allocation information of the other UEs is obtained by the data obtaining module 1301;

the policy response module 1303 is configured to send a preamble according to the policy formulated by the policy formulation module 1302 when initiating random access.

In one possible implementation, the data acquisition module 1301 is configured to:

In one possible implementation, the policy making module 1302 is configured to:

In one possible implementation, the policy making module 1302 is further configured to:

It will be appreciated that in embodiments of the invention, a "portion" may be a portion of a circuit, a portion of a processor, a portion of a program or software, etc., and may of course be a unit, or a module, or may be non-modular.

In addition, each component in the embodiment of the present invention may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit. The integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in software functional modules.

The integrated units, if implemented in the form of software functional modules, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, if not sold or used as separate products, and based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention may be embodied essentially or partly in the form of software products, or all or part of the technical solutions may be embodied in a storage medium, including instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or processor to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.

Accordingly, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer readable medium storing a program of photo sort lookups, which when executed by at least one processor implements the steps of the method described in the above embodiment.

Based on the foregoing apparatus and the computer readable medium, referring to fig. 14, a specific hardware structure of a random access apparatus 140 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include: a network interface 1401, a memory 1402 and a processor 1403; the various components are coupled together by a bus system 1404. It is appreciated that the bus system 1404 is used to enable connected communications between these components. The bus system 1404 includes a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus in addition to the data bus. The various buses are labeled as bus system 1404 in fig. 14 for clarity of illustration.

Wherein, the network interface 1401 is used for receiving and transmitting signals in the process of receiving and transmitting information with other external network elements;

a memory 1402 for storing a computer program capable of running on the processor 1403;

a processor 1403 for executing, when the computer program is run:

It is to be appreciated that memory 1402 in embodiments of the present invention can be either volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, or can include both volatile and nonvolatile memory. The nonvolatile Memory may be a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Programmable ROM (PROM), an Erasable PROM (EPROM), an Electrically Erasable EPROM (EEPROM), or a flash Memory. The volatile memory may be random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) which acts as an external cache. By way of example, and not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as Static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double Data Rate SDRAM (Double Data Rate SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous DRAM (SLDRAM), and Direct RAM (DRRAM). The memory 1402 of the systems and methods described herein is intended to comprise, without being limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

While processor 1403 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In implementation, the steps of the above method may be accomplished by integrated logic circuitry of hardware in processor 1403 or instructions in the form of software. The processor 1403 described above may be a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), an off-the-shelf programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware components. The disclosed methods, steps, and logic blocks in the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented or performed. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like. The steps of the method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present invention may be embodied directly in the execution of a hardware decoding processor, or in the execution of a combination of hardware and software modules in a decoding processor. The software modules may be located in a random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory, or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, etc. as well known in the art. Which is located in a memory 1402 and a processor 1403 reads information in the memory 1402 and in combination with its hardware performs the steps of the method described above.

It is to be understood that the embodiments described herein may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode, or a combination thereof. For a hardware implementation, the processing units may be implemented within one or more application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuits, ASIC), digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processing, DSP), digital signal processing devices (DSP devices, DSPD), programmable logic devices (Programmable Logic Device, PLD), field programmable gate arrays (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), general purpose processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, other electronic units configured to perform the functions described herein, or a combination thereof.

For a software implementation, the techniques described herein may be implemented with modules (e.g., procedures, functions, and so on) that perform the functions described herein. The software codes may be stored in a memory and executed by a processor. The memory may be implemented within the processor or external to the processor.

Specifically, the processor 1403 in the user terminal is further configured to execute the method steps described in the foregoing embodiments when the computer program is executed, which will not be described in detail herein.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of a hardware embodiment, a software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, magnetic disk storage, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

It should be noted that: the technical schemes described in the embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined without any collision.

The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A random access method of MTC equipment, the method comprising:

before sending the Preamble, the UE acquires PRACH resource allocation information of other UEs which initiate random access requests with the UE under the network coverage of the same base station;

the UE sends a preamble according to the sending strategy when initiating random access, wherein the preamble of the UE which initiates random access simultaneously carries out distinguishable sending in PRACH resources;

the method for acquiring PRACH resource allocation information of other UE which initiates a random access request with the UE under the network coverage of the same base station by the UE comprises the following steps:

2. The random access method of MTC equipment according to claim 1, wherein the UE obtains PRACH resource allocation information of other UEs that initiate random access requests with the UE under network coverage of the same base station, including:

3. The random access method of the MTC device according to claim 1, wherein the downlink information of the base station comprises:

4. A random access method of MTC equipment according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the UE formulates a transmission policy of a preamble according to PRACH resource allocation information of the other UE and downlink information of a base station where the UE is located, comprising:

5. The random access method of MTC equipment according to claim 4, wherein the UE formulates a transmission policy of a preamble according to PRACH resource allocation information of the other UE and downlink information of a base station where the UE is located, further comprising:

if the first strategy and the second strategy cannot be implemented, the UE formulates a third strategy; wherein the third policy indicates that a random access preamble is transmitted in the PRACH code domain over different orthogonal subcarriers of a multicarrier modulation;

if the third strategy cannot be implemented, but a plurality of other base stations with the same signal quality and strength are connected with the base station, the UE formulates a fourth strategy; the fourth policy indicates that a random access preamble is sent in PRACH domain resources of different base stations through at least one policy of the first policy, the second policy and the third policy;

6. A random access device of an MTC device, comprising: the system comprises a data acquisition module, a strategy formulation module and a strategy response module; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,

the data acquisition module is configured to acquire PRACH resource allocation information of other UE which initiates a random access request with the UE under the network coverage of the same base station before sending the Preamble;

the strategy response module is configured to send the lead code according to the sending strategy when the random access is initiated, wherein the lead code of the UE which initiates the random access simultaneously carries out distinguishable sending in the PRACH resource;

wherein, the data acquisition module is configured to:

7. The random access device of claim 6, wherein the data acquisition module is configured to:

8. The random access device of claim 6, wherein the policy formulation module is further configured to:

9. The random access device according to any of claims 6-8, wherein the policy making module is configured to:

10. The random access device of claim 9, wherein the policy formulation module is further configured to:

if the first strategy and the second strategy cannot be implemented, a third strategy is formulated for the UE; wherein the third policy indicates that a random access preamble is transmitted in the PRACH code domain over different orthogonal subcarriers of a multicarrier modulation;

if the third strategy cannot be implemented, but a plurality of other base stations with the same signal quality and strength are connected with the base station, a fourth strategy is formulated for the UE; the fourth policy indicates that a random access preamble is sent in PRACH domain resources of different base stations through at least one policy of the first policy, the second policy and the third policy;

11. A random access device, the random access device comprising: a network interface, a memory, a processor; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,

the processor being adapted to perform the steps of the method of any of claims 1-5 when the computer program is run.

12. A computer readable medium storing a program of access control which, when executed by at least one processor, implements the steps of the method of any of claims 1-5.