CN110875614A - Protection method of charging interface and charging device - Google Patents

Protection method of charging interface and charging device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110875614A
CN110875614A CN201811028330.6A CN201811028330A CN110875614A CN 110875614 A CN110875614 A CN 110875614A CN 201811028330 A CN201811028330 A CN 201811028330A CN 110875614 A CN110875614 A CN 110875614A
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China
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voltage
pin
charging interface
circuit
control signal
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CN201811028330.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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曾海军
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ZTE Corp
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ZTE Corp
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Priority to CN201811028330.6A priority Critical patent/CN110875614A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2019/099320 priority patent/WO2020048276A1/en
Publication of CN110875614A publication Critical patent/CN110875614A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

Abstract

The application discloses a protection method of a charging interface and a charging device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: comparing the voltage of a first pin of the charging interface with the reference voltage, and obtaining a first control signal based on the comparison result; and controlling whether a second pin of the charging interface is connected with the ground or not based on the first control signal.

Description

Protection method of charging interface and charging device
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to circuit protection technologies, and in particular, to a protection method for a charging interface and a charging device.
Background
Currently, the mobile terminal mostly adopts a Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface or a TPYE C interface, and a few of them adopt non-standard interfaces. No matter the USB interface or the TPYE C interface, signal pins (signal pins) are arranged on the periphery of a charging pin (VBUS/VCHGpin), when the mobile terminal is used for a period of time, dust entering phenomena can occur on the interface, even water entering phenomena can occur, and micro short circuit or short circuit can possibly occur between the VBUS/VCHG pin and the adjacent signal pin. In addition, when a user inserts a data line, a short circuit may occur between the VBUS/VCHG pin and an adjacent signal pin, so that partial function failure is caused, even the mobile terminal cannot be used any more, and dissatisfaction or complaint of a user of the mobile terminal is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a protection method of a charging interface and a charging device.
The protection method for the charging interface provided by the embodiment of the application comprises the following steps:
comparing the voltage of a first pin of the charging interface with the reference voltage, and obtaining a first control signal based on the comparison result;
and controlling whether a second pin of the charging interface is connected with the ground or not based on the first control signal.
The charging device that this application embodiment provided includes: a charging interface;
the comparison circuit is used for comparing the voltage of the first pin of the charging interface with the reference voltage and outputting a first control signal based on the comparison result;
and the switch circuit is used for controlling whether the second pin of the charging interface is connected with the ground or not based on the first control signal.
In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the voltage of a first pin of a charging interface is compared with the reference voltage, and a first control signal is output based on the comparison result; and controlling whether a second pin of the charging interface is connected with the ground or not based on the first control signal. By adopting the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, if the second pin and the peripheral first pin are in short circuit, the voltage of the first pin is higher than the reference voltage, so that the first control signal is triggered to realize the connection between the second pin and the ground, the second pin is a charging pin (VBUS/VCHG pin), and the scheme of the embodiment adopts a pure hardware circuit to react more quickly, so that the protection of the charging interface is realized more quickly, and meanwhile, a related charging circuit connected with the charging interface is also protected.
Drawings
The drawings illustrate generally, by way of example, but not by way of limitation, various embodiments discussed herein.
Fig. 1 is a first schematic flowchart of a protection method for a charging interface according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a comparator provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the operation of a comparator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a connection structure diagram of a single-path comparator and a charging interface provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a connection structure diagram of a multi-path comparator, a charging interface and a transistor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a voltage divider circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a voltage divider circuit with an output as an input of a comparator;
fig. 8 is a schematic flowchart illustrating a second method for protecting a charging interface according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following description will be made of related technologies related to the embodiments of the present application.
1) USB interface
The sequence of the pins of the USB interface is VBUS/VCHG, D-/DM, D +/DP, ID and GND in sequence.
2) Simple TPYE C interface (support USB2.0)
The sequence of the pins of the simple TPYE C interface is GND, VBUS/VCHG, CC2, NC, D +/DP, D-/DM, CC1, NC, VBUS/VCHG and GND.
3) TPYE C interface (support USB2.0 and USB3.0)
The pins of the TPYE C interface comprise two rows, the upper row of pins are sequentially GND, TX1+, TX-, VBUS/VCHG, CC1, D +, D-, SBU1, VBUS/VCHG, RX2-, RX2+ and GND, and the lower row of pins are sequentially GND, RX1+, RX1-, VBUS/VCHG, SBU2, D-, D +, CC2, VBUS/VCHG, TX2-, TX2+ and GND.
It can be seen from the arrangement sequence of the above interfaces that the VBUS/VCHG pin periphery of the USB interface or the TPYE C interface has signal pins.
In the following embodiments of the present application, the second pin refers to a VBUS/VCHG pin, which is referred to as a charging pin. The first pin is a signal pin around the VBUS/VCHG pin, and taking the USB interface as an example, the first pin can be D-/DM, D +/DP, and the like. Taking the simple TPYE C interface as an example, the first pin can be CC2, NC, D +/DP, D-/DM, etc. Taking the example of a TPYE C interface, the first pin may be TX1+, TX-, RX2-, RX2+, etc. It should be noted that the first pin is not limited to the above example, and any pin that is easily short-circuited to the VBUS/VCHG pin may be used as the first pin. In order to avoid the damage to the charging interface caused by the short circuit between the first pin and the second pin, the embodiment of the application provides the following technical scheme.
Fig. 1 is a first schematic flowchart of a protection method for a charging interface provided in an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 1, the protection method for the charging interface includes the following steps:
step 101: and comparing the voltage of the first pin of the charging interface with the reference voltage, and obtaining a first control signal based on the comparison result.
In the embodiment of the present application, the voltage of the first pin of the charging interface may be compared with the reference voltage by a comparison circuit (also referred to as a comparator), or the voltage of the first pin of the charging interface may be compared with the reference voltage by a detection circuit.
In the embodiment of the application, the charging interface comprises N first pins, and N is a positive integer. And connecting the N first pins of the charging interface to a first input end of a comparison circuit, connecting the reference voltage to a second input end of the comparison circuit, and comparing the voltages of the N first pins with the reference voltage respectively through the comparison circuit.
For example: and N is 1, 1 first pin is connected to a first input end of a comparison circuit, the reference voltage is connected to a second input end of the comparison circuit, and the voltage of the 1 first pin and the reference voltage are compared through the comparison circuit. Here, the comparison circuit may be implemented by a one-way comparator.
For another example: and N is 4, the 4 first pins are connected to a first input end of a comparison circuit, the reference voltage is connected to a second input end of the comparison circuit, and the voltages of the 4 first pins and the reference voltage are respectively compared through the comparison circuit. Here, the comparison circuit may be implemented by a 4-way comparator.
In this embodiment of the application, if the voltage of at least one of the N first pins is higher than the reference voltage, the output terminal of the comparison circuit outputs a first voltage; if the voltages of the N first pins are lower than the reference voltage, the output end of the comparison circuit outputs a second voltage; wherein the first voltage is higher than the second voltage.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a comparator provided in an embodiment of the present application, where the comparator may be a single-path comparator or a multi-path comparator. Wherein the high level of the comparator is defined as V +, the low level is defined as V-, the first input terminal (i.e. positive input terminal) of the comparator is defined as Vin +, the second input terminal (i.e. negative input terminal) is defined as Vin-, and the output terminal is defined as Vout.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a diagram of an output of the working principle of the comparator according to the embodiment of the present application, in which the horizontal axis is the first input terminal (i.e., the positive input terminal) Vin + of the comparator, the vertical axis is the output terminal Vout of the comparator, V + and V-are respectively the high and low levels of the comparator, and V-is 0 in fig. 3.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a connection structure diagram of a single-path comparator and a charging interface provided in the embodiment of the present application, where V + of the comparator is connected to VBUS, and V-is connected to ground; vin-of the comparator is connected with a VBAT voltage signal or a voltage dividing circuit of VBUS, Vin + of the comparator is connected with a signal adjacent to VBUS/VCHG, and figure 4 is signal A; the output of the comparator is used as the input signal of the control terminal (i.e. base) of the triode.
Step 102: and controlling whether a second pin of the charging interface is connected with the ground or not based on the first control signal.
In the embodiment of the application, the output end of the comparison circuit is connected to the control end of the switch circuit, and the conducting state of the switch circuit is controlled by the first control signal; if the first control signal has a first voltage, the switch circuit is in a conducting state, and a second pin of the charging interface is connected with the ground; if the first control signal has a second voltage, the switch circuit is in a closed state, and a second pin of the charging interface is not connected with the ground; wherein the first voltage is higher than the second voltage.
In the above scheme, the switch circuit is a triode or a field effect MOS tube.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a connection structure diagram of the multi-path comparator, the charging interface and the triode provided in the embodiment of the present application, where a is the charging interface (also referred to as a connector), and the TYPE of the charging interface is not limited, for example, the charging interface may be a SUB interface, a TYPE interface, or a non-standard interface. B is a comparator, and C is a triode. Fig. 5 illustrates a TYPE interface, in which the number of the second pins is 2, and the second pins correspond to the upper row of VBUS and the lower row of VBUS, respectively. The first pin adjacent to the upper row of VBUS comprises signal A and signal B. The first pin adjacent to the VBUS of the lower row comprises signal C and signal D.
At ordinary times, when VBUS and signal A and signal B are not short-circuited, the output of the comparator is at low level, and the triode is cut off; when VBUS and signal A and/or signal B short circuit, the input voltage of Vin + of the comparator becomes VBUS voltage, and VBUS voltage is greater than Vin-voltage, the output of the comparator becomes high level at this moment, thereby controlling the triode to be conducted, closing charging, and achieving the purpose of protecting the charging interface and corresponding circuits (including IC) on the circuit board. Taking the above-mentioned upper row of pins as an example, the pins in the lower row are the same as those in the upper row.
In the above scheme of the embodiment of the present application, the reference voltage is smaller than the voltage of the second pin. The reference voltage may be a VBAT voltage or a divided voltage of a VBUS voltage, referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a voltage dividing circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application, in which the VBUS voltage is grounded through two resistors R1 and R2, Vr is output to an input terminal Vin- (referring to fig. 7) of a comparator, R1 and R2 are K levels, and a specific value may be adjusted according to the voltage of VBUS.
The embodiment breaks through the original conventional design scheme, a signal pin adjacent to a VBUS/VCHG pin at the USB connector or the TPYE C connector or other connectors is connected to a voltage comparator, a triode is added between one VBUS/VCHG pin and GND, the conduction and the cut-off of the triode are controlled by the output change of the voltage comparator, the charging is quickly closed to protect the USB connector, the TPYE connector or other connectors and related circuits on a circuit board, and finally the purpose of protecting the mobile terminal equipment is achieved.
Fig. 8 is a second flowchart illustrating a protection method for a charging interface according to an embodiment of the present application, where the method according to the embodiment of the present application is applied to a charging interface (also referred to as a connector), such as a USB interface, a TPYE C interface, and the like, and as shown in fig. 8, the protection method for the charging interface includes the following steps:
step 801: and a signal pin adjacent to the VBUS/VCHG pin of the charging interface is connected out.
Here, if there are a plurality of signals pin, all of the plurality of signals pin need to be connected.
Step 802: the appropriate voltage comparator is selected according to the number of signal pins adjacent to VBUS/VCHG pins.
Here, the voltage comparator may be a single-path voltage comparator or a multi-path voltage comparator, and V + of the voltage comparator is connected to VBUS and V-is connected to ground.
Step 803: and correspondingly connecting the pin signal output in the step 801 to the Vin + of the single-path or multi-path voltage comparator.
Step 804: the voltage of Vbat or VBUS is divided and connected with the output Vin-of the single-path or multi-path voltage comparator.
Step 805: and selecting a proper triode, and connecting the output of the comparator to the control end (base) of the triode.
In this embodiment, an NPN transistor may be selected.
Step 806: and the VBUS/VCHG pin on the charging interface is connected out and connected to the collector terminal of the triode, and the emitter terminal of the triode is grounded.
Step 807: the base electrode of the triode is used for controlling the cut-off or the conduction of the collector electrode and the emitter electrode, so that the purpose of protecting the charging interface and the internal circuit thereof is achieved.
The protection process of the charging interface of the embodiment of the application is introduced in two scenes, namely that water enters the charging interface to cause short circuit and a mobile phone battery is in no power supply:
scene 1: referring to fig. 2 to 5, the short circuit of water inlet is that signal a and VBUS are short-circuited, at this time, the voltage of signal a changes to the voltage of VBUS (the voltage of VBUS is 5V for example), at this time, the input voltage of Vin + of the comparator is 5V, the input voltage of Vin-is Vbat voltage or the divided voltage of VBUS, and the voltage is smaller than the voltage of Vin +, so Vout of the comparator changes from low level to high level to control the base of the triode to be high, so that the collector and the emitter of the triode are conducted, VBUS and GND are short-circuited, thereby starting short-circuit protection, stopping charging, and achieving the purpose of protecting the charging interface and the internal circuit thereof.
Scene 2: when the battery is dead (the dead power is 0V), the Vin-of the comparator can only use the VBUS voltage division shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, when the charger is inserted, the input voltage of the Vin-of the comparator is changed into the VBUS voltage division (such as 4V), the Vout of the comparator is low, the circuit does not work, and the working scene that the battery is dead is equivalent to the working scene; when a short circuit or a micro short circuit occurs to the interface of the mobile phone, the work flow is similar to the above scenario 1.
Scene 3: the shutdown circuit of the mobile phone does not work, only when the charger is detected to be inserted, the circuit starts to work, if no short circuit occurs, the Vin + of the comparator is larger than Vin-, the output of the comparator is always at a low level, when the short circuit occurs, the working process is the same as that of the scene 1, and the detailed description is omitted.
It should be noted that the technical solution of this embodiment may be adopted as long as the mobile terminal is charged by using a USB interface, a TPYE C interface, or other non-standard interfaces. According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, when the charging interface of the charging device is inserted or charged, if the VBUS/VCHG pin and the adjacent signal pin are short-circuited or slightly short-circuited, the charging can be immediately closed, the purposes of protecting the charging interface and the internal related circuits are achieved, and therefore the purpose of protecting the mobile terminal is achieved.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural component diagram of a charging device according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 9, the charging device includes: a charging interface 900;
the comparison circuit 901 is configured to compare the voltage of the first pin 9001 of the charging interface 900 with a reference voltage, and output a first control signal based on the comparison result;
the switch circuit 902 is configured to control whether the second pin 9002 of the charging interface 900 is connected to ground based on the first control signal.
In one embodiment, the charging interface 900 includes N first pins 9001, where N is a positive integer;
the N first pins 9001 of the charging interface 900 are all connected to a first input terminal of the comparison circuit, the reference voltage is connected to a second input terminal of the comparison circuit, and the comparison circuit is configured to compare voltages of the N first pins 9001 with the reference voltage, respectively.
In one embodiment, if the voltage of at least one first pin 9001 of the N first pins 9001 is higher than the reference voltage, the output terminal of the comparison circuit 901 outputs a first voltage;
if the voltages of the N first pins 9001 are all lower than the reference voltage, the output end of the comparison circuit 901 outputs a second voltage;
wherein the first voltage is higher than the second voltage.
In one embodiment, the output terminal of the comparison circuit 901 is connected to the control terminal of the switch circuit, and the on state of the switch circuit is controlled by the first control signal; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
if the first control signal has a first voltage, the switch circuit 902 is in a conducting state, and the second pin 9002 of the charging interface 900 is connected to ground;
if the first control signal has the second voltage, the switch circuit 902 is in the off state, and the second pin 9002 of the charging interface 900 is not connected to the ground;
wherein the first voltage is higher than the second voltage.
In one embodiment, the switch circuit 902 is a transistor or a MOS transistor.
In one embodiment, the reference voltage is less than the voltage of the second pin 9002.
In one embodiment, the apparatus further comprises: a voltage divider circuit 903;
the voltage of the second pin 9002 is connected to the input end of the voltage divider 903, and the output voltage of the voltage divider 903 serves as the reference voltage.
In one embodiment, the first pin 9001 belongs to a signal pin, and the second pin 9002 is a charging pin.
The charging interface, the comparison circuit, the switch circuit, and the voltage divider circuit in the charging device according to the embodiment of the present application can be understood with reference to the specific circuit structures shown in fig. 2 to 7, and are not described herein again. The functions implemented by the charging device shown in fig. 9 can be understood with reference to the related description of the protection method of the charging interface.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the application is used for preventing the mobile terminal from entering dust, micro short circuit and short circuit caused by water inflow, and the condition that VBUS/VCHG pin touches adjacent signal pin short circuit to cause burning of the charging interface and related circuits on a circuit board of the charging interface due to the fact that the charging interface is plugged and pulled by the mobile terminal or other types of charging wires, protecting the mobile terminal and improving the satisfaction degree of the terminal user.
The technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application can be arbitrarily combined without conflict.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed method and intelligent device may be implemented in other ways. The above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative, for example, the division of the unit is only a logical functional division, and there may be other division ways in actual implementation, such as: multiple units or components may be combined, or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not implemented. In addition, the coupling, direct coupling or communication connection between the components shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between the devices or units may be electrical, mechanical or other forms.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units; some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, all functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one second processing unit, or each unit may be separately regarded as one unit, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit; the integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, or in a form of hardware plus a software functional unit.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application.

Claims (14)

1. A protection method of a charging interface is characterized by comprising the following steps:
comparing the voltage of a first pin of the charging interface with the reference voltage, and obtaining a first control signal based on the comparison result;
and controlling whether a second pin of the charging interface is connected with the ground or not based on the first control signal.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the charging interface comprises N first pins, N being a positive integer;
the comparing the voltage of the first pin of the charging interface with the reference voltage comprises:
and connecting the N first pins of the charging interface to a first input end of a comparison circuit, connecting the reference voltage to a second input end of the comparison circuit, and comparing the voltages of the N first pins with the reference voltage respectively through the comparison circuit.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein outputting the first control signal based on the comparison comprises:
if the voltage of at least one first pin in the N first pins is higher than the reference voltage, the output end of the comparison circuit outputs a first voltage;
if the voltages of the N first pins are lower than the reference voltage, the output end of the comparison circuit outputs a second voltage;
wherein the first voltage is higher than the second voltage.
4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the controlling whether the second pin of the charging interface is connected with the ground based on the first control signal comprises:
connecting the output end of the comparison circuit to the control end of a switch circuit, and controlling the conducting state of the switch circuit through the first control signal; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
if the first control signal has a first voltage, the switch circuit is in a conducting state, and a second pin of the charging interface is connected with the ground;
if the first control signal has a second voltage, the switch circuit is in a closed state, and a second pin of the charging interface is not connected with the ground;
wherein the first voltage is higher than the second voltage.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the switching circuit is a triode or a field effect MOS transistor.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the reference voltage is less than a voltage of the second pin.
7. A charging device, the device comprising: a charging interface;
the comparison circuit is used for comparing the voltage of the first pin of the charging interface with the reference voltage and outputting a first control signal based on the comparison result;
and the switch circuit is used for controlling whether the second pin of the charging interface is connected with the ground or not based on the first control signal.
8. The device of claim 7, wherein the charging interface comprises N first pins, N being a positive integer;
the N first pins of the charging interface are connected to a first input end of the comparison circuit, the reference voltage is connected to a second input end of the comparison circuit, and the comparison circuit is used for comparing the voltages of the N first pins with the reference voltage respectively.
9. The apparatus of claim 8,
if the voltage of at least one first pin in the N first pins is higher than the reference voltage, the output end of the comparison circuit outputs a first voltage;
if the voltages of the N first pins are lower than the reference voltage, the output end of the comparison circuit outputs a second voltage;
wherein the first voltage is higher than the second voltage.
10. The apparatus according to claim 8 or 9,
the output end of the comparison circuit is connected to the control end of the switch circuit, and the conduction state of the switch circuit is controlled through the first control signal; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
if the first control signal has a first voltage, the switch circuit is in a conducting state, and a second pin of the charging interface is connected with the ground;
if the first control signal has a second voltage, the switch circuit is in a closed state, and a second pin of the charging interface is not connected with the ground;
wherein the first voltage is higher than the second voltage.
11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the switching circuit is a transistor or a MOS transistor.
12. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the reference voltage is less than a voltage of the second pin.
13. The apparatus of claim 12, further comprising: a voltage dividing circuit;
the voltage of the second pin is connected to the input end of the voltage division circuit, and the output voltage of the voltage division circuit is used as the reference voltage.
14. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the first pin belongs to a signal pin and the second pin is a charging pin.
CN201811028330.6A 2018-09-04 2018-09-04 Protection method of charging interface and charging device Pending CN110875614A (en)

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CN201811028330.6A CN110875614A (en) 2018-09-04 2018-09-04 Protection method of charging interface and charging device
PCT/CN2019/099320 WO2020048276A1 (en) 2018-09-04 2019-08-05 Charging interface protection method and charging device

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CN111614138B (en) * 2020-05-25 2022-02-25 维沃移动通信有限公司 Interface protection circuit and electronic equipment

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