CN110873634B

CN110873634B - Experimental device and experimental method for simulating occurrence process of shallow water flow disaster

Info

Publication number: CN110873634B
Application number: CN201911172002.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林伯韬; 申屠俊杰; 史璨; 金衍; 侯冰; 卢运虎; 王琪琪
Original assignee: China University of Petroleum Beijing
Current assignee: China University of Petroleum Beijing
Priority date: 2019-11-26
Filing date: 2019-11-26
Publication date: 2021-04-13
Anticipated expiration: 2039-11-26
Also published as: CN110873634A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum exploration equipment, and provides an experimental device and an experimental method for simulating a shallow water flow disaster occurrence process. The experimental device for simulating the occurrence process of the shallow water flow disaster comprises a sample platform (1) for placing a gravel sample and a collection container (2) for collecting gravel discharged from the sample platform (1), wherein the sample platform (1) is connected with a fluid pipeline for injecting fluid into the placed gravel sample, a pressure relief hole (3) is formed in the top of the sample platform (1), and the collection container (2) is connected with the pressure relief hole (3) through a pressure relief pipeline (4). The device can accurately simulate the occurrence process of the shallow water flow disaster, researches the triggering and flowing mechanism of the overpressure sand body in the shallow deep sea, quantitatively analyzes the flowing damage mechanism and damage degree of the shallow water flow disaster, and better predicts and prevents the shallow water flow disaster in the subsequent research.

Description

Experimental device and experimental method for simulating occurrence process of shallow water flow disaster

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum exploration equipment, in particular to an experimental device and an experimental method for simulating the occurrence process of a shallow water flow disaster.

Background

With the continuous development of the marine oil and gas industry, the exploration and development of oil and gas resources gradually advance to the deep sea. However, due to special geological and engineering conditions, geological disasters in deepwater drilling safety have become a serious problem restricting deepwater oil and gas exploration and development. Among them, the shallow water flow disaster is one of the main geological disasters encountered in the current deep sea drilling operation, and causes great economic loss in ocean oil and gas development blocks such as gulf of mexico.

The shallow water flow disaster refers to the phenomenon that in the deep water drilling process, a drill meets an overpressure sand layer to generate local formation pressure difference so as to cause sand body deformation and flow, gravel enters a shaft under the action of the pressure difference and even upwards rushes out of a well mouth, and the well wall stability and equipment such as a pipe column are greatly damaged. Wherein, the overpressure sand layer refers to sand-water mixture with abnormally high pore pressure caused by rapid deposition, unbalanced compaction and the like.

At present, a primary identification, prevention and control method for shallow water flow disasters is mainly used for rapidly identifying and evaluating the risk degree by using a geophysical technology, including methods of well logging, geological models, reflection geology, inversion and the like. However, the current research mainly focuses on preliminary prediction and prevention measures of the shallow water flow disaster, quantitative analysis is not performed on the shallow water flow disaster, and accurate description is also lacked on a micro flow ring breaking mechanism, so that an experimental device for simulating the occurrence process of the shallow water flow disaster is lacked in the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention aims to provide an experimental device and an experimental method for simulating a shallow water flow disaster occurrence process, which can be used for conveniently researching the triggering and flow mechanism of a deep-sea shallow-layer overpressure sand body.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

the utility model provides an experimental apparatus for simulation shallow rivers calamity emergence process, is including the lofting platform that is used for placing the gravel sample and be used for collecting the follow the collection container of lofting platform exhaust gravel, the lofting platform is connected with and is used for to placing the fluid pipeline that the gravel sample injected fluid, the lofting bench top is equipped with the pressure release hole, collect the container with link to each other through the pressure release pipeline between the pressure release hole.

Optionally, the lofting station includes an upper platen and a lower platen for compacting the gravel and enabling adjustment of the degree of compaction, the upper platen is provided with a downwardly extending projection, the lower platen is provided with a recess for placement of the gravel and mating with the projection.

Optionally, the protruding portion is a cylinder with an end connected to the upper pressure plate, and the pressure relief hole is formed in the center of the protruding portion and extends in the axial direction of the cylinder.

Optionally, a water injection hole is formed in the lower pressing plate, the water injection hole is uniformly formed along the circumferential direction of the recessed portion and is communicated with the recessed portion, the fluid pipeline comprises a first fluid pipeline connected to the pressure relief hole and a second fluid pipeline connected to the water injection hole, and a liquid inlet valve is arranged on the first fluid pipeline.

Optionally, the water injection hole is communicated with the recess through an annular channel, the annular channel is arranged around the recess, the water injection hole is connected with the annular channel through a first channel extending in the radial direction, and the annular channel is connected with the recess through a second channel extending in the radial direction.

Optionally, the first channels and the second channels are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the annular channel and are arranged in a staggered manner, and the number of the second channels between adjacent first channels is the same.

Optionally, the experimental apparatus for simulating the process of occurrence of the shallow water flow disaster comprises a vacuumizing unit for vacuumizing the lofting table and the collection container, the vacuumizing unit comprises a vacuum pump and a cache container connected to the vacuum pump, a vacuumizing pipeline connected to the pressure relief hole is arranged on the cache container, and a vacuum valve is arranged on the vacuumizing pipeline.

Optionally, be equipped with the relief valve on the pressure release pipeline and be used for gathering the pressure sensor of pressure data among the pressure release process, the experimental apparatus of simulation shallow water flow calamity emergence process is including being used for shooting the collection the camera unit of grit migration condition.

The second aspect of the present invention provides an experimental method for simulating a shallow water flow disaster occurrence process, which uses the experimental apparatus for simulating a shallow water flow disaster occurrence process according to any of the above schemes, and the method includes the following steps:

s1, placing the gravel on the lofting platform and compacting the gravel;

s2, injecting water into the sample placing table along the fluid pipeline, and gradually increasing the injection pressure until the pressure in the sample placing table reaches a target pressure value;

s3, pass through the pressure release hole begins the pressure release, the grit is followed the pressure release hole blowout observes the bench sand gravel migration condition of putting a sample is collected the collection container with grit in the pressure release pipeline is dried and is weighed.

Optionally, the experimental method for simulating the process of the occurrence of the shallow water disaster further comprises a step S0, and the step S0 includes dyeing the gravel partially placed on the sample stage.

Compared with the prior art, the experimental device for simulating the occurrence process of the shallow water flow disaster has the following advantages:

the device disclosed by the invention has the advantages that water is injected into the lofting platform and the internal pressure of the lofting platform is increased, so that gravel and fluid placed on the lofting platform are sprayed out from the pressure release holes and enter the collection container, the occurrence process of shallow water flow disasters can be accurately simulated, the sand gravel migration condition is observed, the sprayed gravel is weighed, further, the triggering and flowing mechanisms of the deep sea shallow layer overpressure sand body can be researched, the flowing damage mechanism and damage degree of the shallow water flow disasters are quantitatively analyzed, and the shallow water flow disasters can be better predicted and prevented in the subsequent research.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.

In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental apparatus for simulating a shallow water disaster occurrence process according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sample stage of the experimental apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the loft station of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the lofting station of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the upper platen of the lofting station of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a side view of the upper platen of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the lower platen of the lofting station of FIG. 2;

fig. 8 is a top view of the lower platen of fig. 7.

Description of reference numerals:

1-lofting platform, 2-collection container, 3-pressure release hole, 4-pressure release pipeline, 5-top board, 6-bottom board, 7-bulge, 8-dent, 9-water injection hole, 10-first fluid pipeline, 11-second fluid pipeline, 12-feed liquor valve, 13-annular channel, 14-first channel, 15-second channel, 16-vacuum pump, 17-buffer container, 18-evacuation pipeline, 19-vacuum valve, 20-relief valve, 21-pressure sensor, 22-seal ring groove, 23-main pipeline, 24-main valve, 25-bolt, 26-water injection pump.

Detailed Description

In addition, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

With reference to fig. 1, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an experimental apparatus for simulating a shallow water flow disaster, including a sample platform 1 for placing a gravel sample and a collection container 2 for collecting gravel discharged from the sample platform 1, the sample platform 1 is connected to a fluid pipeline for injecting fluid into the placed gravel sample, a pressure relief hole 3 is formed in the top of the sample platform 1, and the collection container 2 and the pressure relief hole 3 are connected by a pressure relief pipeline 4.

In the simulation process, place on lofting platform 1 through the fluid pipeline gravel sample injection fluid, the injection in-process, gravel sample internal pressure lasts the rising, when reaching the target pressure value, can keep this injection pressure 10-15 minutes, guarantee that sample internal fluid pressure reaches uniform state, begin the pressure release through pressure release hole 3 afterwards, gravel and fluid will follow pressure release hole 3 and spray entering collection container 2 through pressure release pipeline 4 this moment to when accurate simulation deep sea drilling in-process bores and meets shallow rivers calamity, pit shaft department produces instantaneous pressure drop and arouses the process that the deformation of superpressure sand body flows. Through observing the migration condition of grit and drying the grit of spouting in the pressure release process and weighing, be convenient for follow-up triggering and flow mechanism to deep sea shallow layer superpressure sand body study.

Wherein, the target pressure value can be set for according to actual need by oneself, satisfies the injection that can realize grit and fluid, and simulation shallow rivers calamity emergence process can, generally speaking in the experimentation, the target pressure value does not exceed 5 megapascals.

The device disclosed by the invention can be used for injecting water into the lofting platform and improving the internal pressure of the gravel in the lofting platform, so that the gravel and fluid placed on the lofting platform are sprayed out from the pressure release hole and enter the collection container, the occurrence process of the shallow water flow disaster can be accurately simulated, the sprayed gravel is weighed by observing the migration condition of the gravel, the triggering and flowing mechanism of the overpressure sand body in the deep sea shallow layer can be researched, the flowing damage mechanism and damage degree of the shallow water flow disaster can be quantitatively analyzed, and the shallow water flow disaster can be better predicted and prevented in the subsequent research. In the present embodiment, the injection fluid is usually water, and the apparatus of the present invention further includes a water injection unit connected to the sample stage 1 to inject water into the sample stage 1.

In order to better simulate the conditions of ground stress in order to obtain a true gravel state, the lofting station 1 comprises an upper pressure plate 5 and a lower pressure plate 6 for compacting the gravel and enabling the degree of compaction to be adjusted, the upper pressure plate 5 being provided with downwardly extending projections 7, the lower pressure plate 6 being provided with recesses 8 for placing the gravel and cooperating with the projections 7, as shown in fig. 2-7. For promoting the gas tightness, the pressure of the gravel sample in the water injection process of being convenient for promotes, and is sealed through sealing washer extrusion between bulge 7 and the depressed part 8, is equipped with the sealing washer groove 22 that is used for the cover to establish the sealing washer on bulge 7.

By placing the gravel in the dented portion 8 and pressing the gravel with the convex portion 7 to compact the gravel, the real state of the gravel before the occurrence of the disaster of the shallow water flow is simulated. Of course, the degree of compaction of the gravel can be adjusted according to experimental requirements, in particular, the depth of the recesses 8 needs to be greater than the height of the protrusions 7 to reserve accommodation space for the gravel and enable adjustment of the degree of compaction of the gravel. In order to realize above-mentioned regulation for being convenient for, correspond respectively on top board 5 and the lower pressure plate 6 and be provided with the bolt hole, utilize bolt 25 to pass the bolt hole from top to bottom, mounting nut on the bolt 25 of one side of lower pressure plate 6 can adjust the length that bulge 7 stretched into depressed part 8 through the rotating nut to adjust the compaction degree of grit.

Of course, the protrusion 7 and the depression 8 may be provided in any shape as long as they can cooperate with each other to press the gravel. In order to achieve uniform compaction of the gravel, the bulge 7 is optionally a cylinder with an end connected to the upper pressure plate 5, and the pressure relief hole 3 is arranged in the center of the bulge 7 and extends in the axial direction of the cylinder. Wherein, set up pressure release hole 3 and can simulate gravel from pit shaft spun-out process better in bulge 7 central point, and set up and can reduce the analog deviation that brings because the skew of position setting is put at central point to obtain more accurate simulation result.

It should be noted that, water injection hole 9 has been seted up on holding down plate 6, water injection hole 9 follows the circumference of depressed part 8 evenly set up and with depressed part 8 is linked together, the fluid pipeline including connect in the first fluid pipeline 10 of pressure release hole 3 and connect in the second fluid pipeline 11 of water injection hole 9, be equipped with feed liquor valve 12 on the first fluid pipeline 10. Threaded connection between water injection hole 9 and second fluid pipeline 11, for improving the leakproofness, second fluid pipeline 11 is sealed outward through twining and establishing the living sticky tape.

From this, can be to the injection fluid in the lofting platform 1 through water injection hole 9, and water injection hole 9 evenly sets up along the circumference of depressed part 8, in order to realize even water injection, it needs to notice in addition, pressure release hole 3 also can be used for the injection fluid, specifically, the fluid gets into lofting platform 1 through first fluid pipeline 10, pressure release hole 3, and when the pressure release in-process, then need close feed liquor valve 12 on the first fluid pipeline 10, fluid and grit are followed pressure release hole 3 and are spouted through pressure release pipeline 4. It can be seen that first fluid line 10 and pressure relief line 4 are both connected to pressure relief hole 3, and first fluid line 10 and pressure relief line 4 are optionally connected to the manifold that stretches out from pressure relief hole 3 simultaneously, or can install the three-way valve in pressure relief hole 3 department and realize above-mentioned connection.

In the water injection process, water flows through the first fluid pipeline 10 and the second fluid pipeline 11 and simultaneously enters the lofting table 1, in order to facilitate water injection, the simulation device comprises a main pipeline 23, the first fluid pipeline 10 and the second fluid pipeline 11 are used as branch pipelines and are connected to the main pipeline 23, and a water injection pump 26 and a main valve 24 are arranged on the main pipeline 23. When the simulation is started, the main valve 24 and the liquid inlet valve 12 are opened, the water injection pump 26 is started, water flows into the lofting table 1 through the first fluid pipeline 10 and the second fluid pipeline 11, the liquid inlet valve 12 is closed in the pressure relief process, the pressure relief hole 3 is not used for water injection but only used for injecting fluid and gravel, in this state, the water injection is still continuously carried out, and the water flows into the lofting table 1 through the main pipeline 23 and the second fluid pipeline 11.

Furthermore, the water injection hole 9 communicates with the recess 8 through an annular channel 13, the annular channel 13 being provided around the recess 8. Therefore, water can be buffered in the annular channel 13 after entering through the water injection holes 9, so that the water flow impact pressure is balanced, and uniform water injection is realized. Wherein, the water injection hole 9 is connected with the annular channel 13 through a first channel 14 extending along the radial direction, and the annular channel 13 is connected with the concave part 8 through a second channel 15 extending along the radial direction.

As shown in fig. 8, for further preventing the impact to gravel in the water injection process, the first passages 14 and the second passages 15 are respectively uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the annular passage 13 and are arranged in a staggered manner, and the number of the second passages 15 between the adjacent first passages 14 is the same, so that the uniformity of water injection is ensured. In the present embodiment, the number of the first passages 14 is 4, the number of the second passages 15 is 12, but the number of the second passages 15 may also be set to 6, 8 or 10, which is not particularly limited in the present invention. Further, for preventing gravel from entering the fluid pipeline in the lofting platform 1, the annular channel 13 needs to be subjected to sand control, a high-mesh screen for separating a channel opening from a gravel sample is arranged inside the second channel 15, and the mesh number of the screen is higher than the highest mesh number of the gravel sample.

Generally speaking, before the simulation process, if there is the air in lofting platform 1 and the collection container 2 inside, then follow-up water injection in-process, the air will be inevitable to cause the influence to the grit because pressure risees and expands, for eliminating above-mentioned influence, promotes the degree of accuracy of simulation process as far as possible, restores real emergence process, the experimental apparatus of simulation shallow rivers calamity emergence process is including being used for right lofting platform 1 with the inside evacuation unit that carries out the evacuation of collection container 2, the evacuation unit include vacuum pump 16 with connect in the buffer container 17 of vacuum pump 16, be equipped with on the buffer container 17 connect in the evacuation pipeline 18 of pressure release hole 3, be equipped with vacuum valve 19 on the evacuation pipeline 18. Before the device is used, the liquid inlet valve 12 and the main valve 24 are closed, the vacuum valve 19 is opened, the vacuum pump 16 is started, the vacuum pump 16 is utilized to vacuumize the interiors of the sample placing table 1 and the collecting container 2, namely, the gravel sample in the sample placing table 1 is vacuumized at the same time, the pumped air can enter the buffer container 17, and when the device is used, the liquid inlet valve 12 and the main valve 24 are opened, the vacuum valve 19 is closed, and then the normal water injection step can be carried out.

In order to better research the triggering and flowing mechanism of the deep-sea shallow-layer overpressure sand body, the pressure relief pipeline 4 is provided with a pressure relief valve 20 and a pressure sensor 21 used for acquiring pressure data in the pressure relief process, and the experimental device for simulating the shallow-water-flow disaster occurrence process comprises a camera shooting unit used for shooting and acquiring the gravel migration condition. During the vacuum pumping, the relief valve 20 is closed. In the pressure relief process, the liquid inlet valve 12 is closed, the pressure relief valve 20 is opened, the pressure relief pipeline 4 is in an open state, pressure data in the pressure relief process are collected through the pressure sensor 21, the change condition of the pressure data is researched, the instantaneous pressure drop is recorded, and therefore data support is provided for triggering of overpressure sand bodies and research of a flow mechanism. In addition, the unit of making a video recording can be installed in lofting platform 1 department to shoot and gather the grit and the migration condition under the pressure differential effect, and for conveniently shoot the record, top board 5 and holding down plate 6 adopt the organic glass material to make.

s1, placing gravel on the lofting platform 1 for compaction;

s2, injecting water into the lofting platform 1 along the fluid pipeline, and gradually increasing the injection pressure until the pressure in the lofting platform 1 reaches a target pressure value;

s3, pass through pressure release hole 3 begins the pressure release, the grit is followed pressure release hole 3 blowout observes the grit migration condition is collected on the lofting platform 1 collection container 2 with grit in the pressure release pipeline 4 dries and weighs.

It can be understood that the experimental method adopts the above experimental apparatus, therefore, during simulation, the liquid inlet valve 12 and the main valve 24 are opened, the water injection pump 26 is started, water is slowly injected into the gravel sample placed on the sample placing table 1 through the fluid pipeline, and the injection pressure is gradually increased, so that the gravel sample in the sample placing table 1 reaches an abnormal pore high pressure state, when a target pressure value is reached, the liquid inlet valve 12 is closed, the pressure release valve 20 is opened, at this time, part of gravel and fluid in the sample placing table 1 are sprayed into the collection container 2 through the pressure release pipeline 4, the transportation condition of gravel particles near the pressure release point is observed and recorded by the camera unit, meanwhile, the pressure change condition on the pressure release pipeline 4 is recorded by the pressure sensor 21, after a certain time, the water injection pump 26 and the pressure release valve 20 are closed, the pressure release gravel remained in the collection container 2 and the pipeline 4 is collected, dried and weighed, and finally all the obtained, the severity of the shallow water flow phenomenon is evaluated and observed to analyze the movement of gravel near the wellbore (pressure relief point).

In the subsequent research process, the camera shooting unit can be supplemented with DIC digital image correlation technology for further analysis. The judgment of whether the target pressure value is reached can be realized through a pressure sensor or a differential pressure sensor. Of course, the interiors of the sample stage 1 and the collection container 2 may be evacuated before the simulation process, and the evacuation step is as described above, and will not be described in detail herein.

The experiment method can reproduce the shallow water flow disaster occurrence process under the real condition, the flow deformation mechanism of the sand body accords with the actual condition, and the flow deformation condition of the overpressure sand body can be finely described through the visual lofting platform 1 and the DIC digital image correlation technology, so that effective support is provided for the mechanical mechanism research of the shallow water flow disaster.

It should be noted that, if there is a significant movement trend in a large amount of gravels during the simulation process, the observation and study are facilitated, and if the simulation effect is not ideal, the movement trend of the gravels cannot be observed, optionally, the experimental method for simulating the occurrence process of a shallow water flow disaster further includes a step S0, and the step S0 includes dyeing the gravels partially placed on the sample stage 1. Through dyeing some grit, in the simulation process, only need focus observe this some grit migration condition can, be convenient for carry out the analysis to grit migration trend and flow deformation condition, and then conveniently study to the flow mechanism of the shallow layer superpressure sand body in deep sea.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. An experimental device for simulating the occurrence process of a shallow water flow disaster is characterized by comprising a sample platform (1) for placing a gravel sample and a collection container (2) for collecting gravel discharged from the sample platform (1), the sample stage (1) is connected with a fluid pipeline for injecting fluid into the placed gravel sample, the top of the lofting table (1) is provided with a pressure relief hole (3), the collecting container (2) is connected with the pressure relief hole (3) through a pressure relief pipeline (4), the lofting station (1) comprises an upper platen (5) and a lower platen (6) for compacting the gravel and enabling the degree of compaction to be adjusted, the upper pressing plate (5) is provided with a protrusion part (7) extending downwards, and the lower pressing plate (6) is provided with a concave part (8) used for placing the gravel and matched with the protrusion part (7); water injection hole (9) have been seted up on holding down plate (6), water injection hole (9) are followed the circumference of depressed part (8) evenly set up and with depressed part (8) are linked together, the fluid pipeline including connect in first fluid pipeline (10) of pressure release hole (3) with connect in second fluid pipeline (11) of water injection hole (9), be equipped with feed liquor valve (12) on first fluid pipeline (10).

2. The experimental device for simulating the occurrence process of a shallow water disaster according to claim 1, wherein the bulge (7) is a cylinder with an end connected to the upper pressure plate (5), and the pressure relief hole (3) is arranged at the center of the bulge (7) and extends along the axial direction of the cylinder.

3. An experimental arrangement for simulating the occurrence of a shallow water disaster according to claim 1, characterized in that the water injection holes (9) are connected to the recess (8) through an annular channel (13), the annular channel (13) is arranged around the recess (8), the water injection holes (9) are connected to the annular channel (13) through a first radially extending channel (14), and the annular channel (13) is connected to the recess (8) through a second radially extending channel (15).

4. The experimental device for simulating the occurrence process of the shallow water flow disaster according to claim 3, wherein the first channels (14) and the second channels (15) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the annular channel (13) and are arranged in a staggered manner, and the number of the second channels (15) between the adjacent first channels (14) is the same.

5. The experimental device for simulating the occurrence process of the shallow water flow disaster according to claim 1, wherein the experimental device for simulating the occurrence process of the shallow water flow disaster comprises a vacuumizing unit for vacuumizing the insides of the sampling platform (1) and the collecting container (2), the vacuumizing unit comprises a vacuum pump (16) and a buffer container (17) connected to the vacuum pump (16), a vacuumizing pipeline (18) connected to the pressure relief hole (3) is arranged on the buffer container (17), and a vacuum valve (19) is arranged on the vacuumizing pipeline (18).

6. The experimental device for simulating the occurrence process of the shallow water flow disaster according to claim 1, wherein a pressure release valve (20) and a pressure sensor (21) for acquiring pressure data in the pressure release process are arranged on the pressure release pipeline (4), and the experimental device for simulating the occurrence process of the shallow water flow disaster comprises a camera unit for shooting and acquiring the movement condition of the gravel.

7. An experimental method for simulating the occurrence of a shallow water flow disaster, which is characterized by using the experimental device for simulating the occurrence of a shallow water flow disaster according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and comprises the following steps:

s1, placing gravel on the lofting platform (1) and compacting the gravel;

s2, injecting water into the lofting platform (1) along the fluid pipeline, and gradually increasing the injection pressure until the pressure in the lofting platform (1) reaches a target pressure value;

s3, pass through pressure release hole (3) begin the pressure release, the grit is followed pressure release hole (3) blowout is observed the grit migration condition is collected on lofting platform (1) collection container (2) with the grit in the pressure release pipeline (4), dry and weigh.

8. The experimental method for simulating the occurrence of a shallow water flow disaster according to claim 7, wherein said experimental method for simulating the occurrence of a shallow water flow disaster further comprises a step S0, said step S0 comprises a step of dyeing said gravel partially placed on said sample stage (1).