CN110873279A - Assembled wave absorption layer and application thereof in thin film type LNG (liquefied natural gas) sloshing reduction liquid tank - Google Patents

Assembled wave absorption layer and application thereof in thin film type LNG (liquefied natural gas) sloshing reduction liquid tank Download PDF

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CN110873279A
CN110873279A CN201911190616.9A CN201911190616A CN110873279A CN 110873279 A CN110873279 A CN 110873279A CN 201911190616 A CN201911190616 A CN 201911190616A CN 110873279 A CN110873279 A CN 110873279A
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wave
absorbing layer
fabricated
porous medium
tank
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CN110873279B (en
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薛米安
江洲煜
苑晓丽
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Hohai University HHU
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Hohai University HHU
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/004—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for large storage vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/025—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the pressure as the parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/08—Mounting arrangements for vessels
    • F17C13/082—Mounting arrangements for vessels for large sea-borne storage vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/01—Reinforcing or suspension means
    • F17C2203/011—Reinforcing means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
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    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
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    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
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    • F17C2203/0639—Steels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0646—Aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0656—Metals in form of filaments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/068—Special properties of materials for vessel walls
    • F17C2203/0685—Special properties of materials for vessel walls flexible
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
    • F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0153—Details of mounting arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0153—Details of mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0192—Details of mounting arrangements with external bearing means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
    • F17C2260/016—Preventing slosh
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/02—Improving properties related to fluid or fluid transfer
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    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships

Abstract

The invention discloses an assembled wave absorption layer, which is formed by assembling a plurality of porous medium unit modules, wherein each porous medium unit module comprises a reinforcement cage and porous fillers filled in the reinforcement cage, and the reinforcement cage is formed by binding reinforcing steel bars by stirrups; the reinforcing bars of the adjacent 2 porous medium unit modules are connected through a rotatable member. The assembled wave absorption layer is applied to the thin film type LNG shake reducing liquid tank, the shake reducing and wave absorption effect can be obviously improved, and the impact force of the liquefied natural gas and crude oil inside the tank on the inner wall of the tank due to resonance is reduced when external waves impact.

Description

Assembled wave absorption layer and application thereof in thin film type LNG (liquefied natural gas) sloshing reduction liquid tank
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of petroleum or crude oil storage tanks, and particularly relates to an assembled wave absorption layer and application thereof in a thin film type LNG (liquefied natural gas) sloshing reduction liquid tank.
Background
Recently, as energy trades of various countries become more frequent, LNG transportation (liquefied natural gas transportation, hereinafter, referred to as LNG) has become a main means for transporting liquefied fuel over long distances on the sea. LNG has the advantages that the land transportation mode does not have, such as load capacity is big, loading and unloading are convenient, cost is low. However, the LNG transportation method also has a serious problem in that the LNG ship body moves in multiple degrees of freedom due to the waves, and the liquefied fuel stored inside dynamically responds to the external movement to generate sloshing. When the external excitation frequency is close to the natural frequency of the internal liquid tank, the sloshing phenomenon of the internal fuel is sharply enhanced due to resonance, the generated breaking wave generates strong impact load on the inner wall of the liquid tank, and the overall structure of the liquid tank is damaged and the liquefied fuel is leaked seriously. Therefore, the wave-absorbing and sloshing-reducing effect of the structure of the LNG tank is mainly considered in the design process.
Researchers have proposed various storage structure slosh-reducing designs, such as: the addition of the rigid partition plate essentially changes the natural frequency of the liquid tank and avoids the main frequency in a wave spectrum, so that the liquid sloshing is effectively slowed down, an additional welding process is required for the installation of the rigid partition plate, the welding process has very strict requirements, the welding can weaken the integrity of the liquid tank, and the rigid partition plate is not adopted in the actual LNG liquid tank; it is also proposed to place a foam floating plate on the free liquid surface of the tank to restrict the degree of freedom, but the solution has weak adaptability to objective factors such as different liquid depths and tank shapes, and is difficult to be practically applied. Therefore, the technical scheme is weak in universality, and a design scheme which is applied to an LNG film type liquid tank, obvious in wave-damping and sloshing-reducing effect and good in engineering practical applicability needs to be provided urgently.
In the prior art, for example, patent CN109956142A provides a liquid storage tank with filled cylindrical energy dissipation structure, by setting the filled cylindrical energy dissipation structure at the central position inside the liquid storage tank, the porous foam filling material in the energy dissipation structure fills the area surrounded by the reinforcing mesh and is clamped and fixed by the reinforcing mesh, the damping characteristic of the porous foam filling material consumes the partial oscillation energy inside the liquid storage tank, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing oscillation. The patent also applies a proportional boundary finite element method to numerical simulation to calculate the sloshing wave force borne by the liquid storage tank.
For another example, patent CN109850422A provides a central column type liquid storage tank with an annular column-shaped energy dissipation layer, which comprises an annular column-shaped energy dissipation layer, a central column and a liquid injection port, wherein the annular column-shaped energy dissipation layer comprises a porous foam material layer and inner and outer reinforcing meshes. However, although the liquid storage tank provided in the above 2 prior patents can reduce the impact force generated by the sloshing waves, the energy dissipation layer is disposed in the middle of the liquid storage tank, which cannot reduce the impact of the liquefied fuel stored inside on the inner wall of the storage tank to the maximum extent, and the actual sloshing reduction effect is limited; the energy dissipation layer has a huge structure, so that the energy dissipation layer is inconvenient to disassemble, assemble and maintain; the adaptability to liquid storage tanks with different structural shapes is poor. Therefore, the above 2 prior art patents are not suitable for the LNG transportation field.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an assembled wave-absorbing layer, which is formed by assembling and connecting a plurality of rotatable components of porous medium unit modules together, is applied to a film type LNG (liquefied natural gas) shake-reducing liquid tank, can obviously reduce the impact on the tank wall when liquid fuels such as liquefied natural gas, crude oil and the like are loaded, and is realized by the following technology.
An assembled wave absorption layer is formed by assembling a plurality of porous medium unit modules, each porous medium unit module comprises a reinforcement cage and porous fillers filled in the reinforcement cage, and the reinforcement cage is formed by binding reinforcement bars by stirrups; the reinforcing steel bars of the adjacent 2 porous medium unit modules are connected through a rotatable component;
the rotatable component comprises a middle part and 2 annular bent parts for wrapping the outside of the steel bar, and the 2 annular bent parts are respectively connected to the two sides of the middle part in a bilateral symmetry or central symmetry mode at the center of the middle part; the center of the middle part is provided with 2 rows of through holes, and the end surface of the free end of the annular bending part is provided with a row of threaded blind holes; the 2 threaded blind holes of the annular bending part are respectively in contact with the 2 rows of the through holes in the middle part and are in one-to-one correspondence, and bolts are additionally arranged to penetrate through the through holes and are screwed into the corresponding threaded blind holes.
The assembled wave-absorbing layer is a layered structure which is completed by assembling porous medium unit modules together by a rotatable member in a manner similar to bricking a wall. Each porous medium unit module takes a steel reinforcement cage as an external supporting structure, the steel reinforcement cage takes steel reinforcements as a main body structure, the steel reinforcements are bound by stirrups, and porous fillers are filled in the steel reinforcements. The porous filler can be selected from commercially available porous materials, such as hollow metal aluminum balls, metal sponges, glass beads (porous refers to the space between the glass beads), and gravels (porous refers to the space between the gravels). The adjacent porous medium units of the assembled wave-absorbing layer are connected firmly, and meanwhile, due to the adoption of the relatively flexible rotatable component connection, the wave-absorbing layer can shake a small amount under the pushing of the liquid storage tank, so that the energy of shaking of the dispersed liquid storage tank can be effectively reduced, the assembled wave-absorbing layer has a better flow resistance characteristic, and further the impact pressure of the internal liquid storage tank on the inner wall surface of the liquid storage tank/the liquid storage cabin can be reduced. Especially when the assembled wave-absorbing layer is used for water transportation, the assembled wave-absorbing layer has more obvious effect of reducing sloshing of liquid storage in the liquid storage tank/liquid storage tank caused by wave excitation resonance outside the liquid storage tank/liquid storage tank. And a monoblock wave absorption layer that becomes by reinforcing bar, stirrup ligature because whole wave absorption layer structure rigidity is stronger, is difficult to produce the micro-rocking along with the stock solution, and the energy subduction effect of shaking the stock solution is not as above-mentioned assembled wave absorption layer.
Above-mentioned assembled wave absorption layer is when the assembly, the rotatable component that needs to use, with a plurality of porous medium unit modules one by one close to arrange one row into, respectively have 1 reinforcing bar to be close to on the reinforcing cage of adjacent 2 porous medium unit modules, these 2 reinforcing bars cup joint together with 2 annular bends on the same rotatable component to realized the zonulae occludens of adjacent porous medium unit module, and then connected a plurality of porous medium unit modules and formed assembled wave absorption layer. As one of the simplest conventional cases, the rotatable member may be formed integrally, and when the reinforcing bars of the porous medium unit modules are not connected, the annular bent portions at both sides of the middle portion are not yet bent into a ring shape. The bending into the final shape is performed on site only after the rebars of adjacent porous media unit modules have been in place at the time of actual use. The overall shape of the final bent rotatable member resembles an "8" or "B" shape when viewed from the side. The 2 annular curved portions are formed in a shape of "B" when they are arranged symmetrically left and right with respect to the intermediate portion, and in a shape of "8" when they are arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the intermediate portion. When a certain end face of the annular bending part is bent to enable the threaded blind hole to be in contact and correspond to the 1 row of through holes of the middle part close to the side, the threaded blind hole can be inserted into and penetrated through the through holes by bolts and screwed into the threaded blind hole, so that the annular bending part of the rotatable component covered with the reinforcing steel bar can not loosen the reinforcing steel bar when the assembled wave absorbing layer is subjected to external impact force, and the assembled wave absorbing layer is prevented from being scattered and damaged.
When the assembled wave absorption layer is used in practice, a reinforcement cage can be generally bound into a rectangular or square structure, but in order to fit the contour of the inner wall of the LNG sloshing-reducing liquid tank, the reinforcement cage of the porous medium unit module at the corner needs to be bound into a special shape, such as a triangular pyramid shape, a triangular pyramid shape and the like, by using the reinforcement. Therefore, the shape of the porous medium unit module is not limited in the technical scheme, and the porous medium unit module can be bound into a specific shape according to actual needs.
Preferably, the porous filler is a plurality of hollow aluminum balls with the same diameter. The hollow aluminum ball is a common material in the market, and is of a spherical structure with a hollow interior. The prior art does not find the application of the porous filler in the liquid storage tank or the liquid storage tank wave absorption layer. Compared with other porous materials, the hollow aluminum ball has lighter weight, higher strength, low thermal expansion coefficient and isotropy, can ensure that the manufactured assembled porous medium layer has better universality, and compared with natural gravel, the artificial preparation can better control the average particle size (D) of the porous medium50) And the device has better shaking reducing and wave preventing effects.
More preferably, the diameter D of the hollow aluminum ball50The thickness w of the assembled wave absorption layer is 1/20-1/2. Considering the cost of the hollow aluminum ball, the diameter D of the hollow aluminum ball50Within the above range, the wave-damping and shaking-reducing effects are relatively excellent.
More preferably, the porosity n of the fabricated wave absorption layer is 0.45-0.55. Because the porous filling material adopts the hollow aluminum balls, gaps are inevitably formed among the hollow aluminum balls during filling, and the porosity of the prepared assembled wave-absorbing layer is influenced. When the porosity of the assembled wave-absorbing layer is within the range, the wave-absorbing and oscillation-reducing effects are the best.
Preferably, the number of the blind threaded holes and the through holes in each row is not less than 3. The larger the number of the blind threaded holes in each row, the higher the connection strength of the rotatable member can be, and the firmer the connection between the adjacent porous medium unit modules can be.
Preferably, the middle part of the rotatable member is provided with 2 grooves, the shape and position of the 2 grooves respectively correspond to the end surfaces of the annular bent parts of the 2 rotatable members, and the through holes are provided in the grooves. The recess can play spacing effect, after the terminal surface embedding recess of annular bending portion, can reduce annular bending portion's deformation.
Preferably, the annular curved portion of the rotatable member is detachably connected on both sides of the middle portion. As a special case, the assembly of the assembled type wave-absorbing layer can be facilitated by detachably providing the annular bent portion of the rotatable member.
As one of the detachable structure, the principle of mortise and tenon joint can be combined, the annular bending part of the rotatable member and the connecting end connected with the middle part are provided with slots, the connecting end corresponding to the middle part is provided with inserting strips, and the inserting strips can be inserted into the slots. At the moment, the rotatable component can be made of metal materials with high rigidity and difficult deformation as a whole, the inserting strip at the middle part is inserted into the slot, and after the free end of the annular bending part is connected with the middle part through the bolt, the materials are very firm and difficult deformation occurs, so that the inserting strip can be connected very firmly even if the inserting strip is not fixed in the slot in other modes; if the material that does not need non-deformable, then can correspond on cutting and slot and set up a plurality of through-holes, pass the through-hole that corresponds the setting on cutting and slot with the bolt in addition, reuse nut screws, can play fine firm effect of connecting equally.
The invention also provides an application method of the fabricated wave absorption layer in the film type LNG sloshing reducing liquid tank, wherein after the porous medium unit modules are fabricated into the fabricated wave absorption layer, the fabricated wave absorption layer is attached to the periphery inside the film type LNG sloshing reducing liquid tank to form a closed wave absorption chamber structure; and a monitoring device and a control device which are electrically connected with each other are additionally arranged, and the monitoring device is arranged on one inward side of the corner of the wave-absorbing cavity structure.
The application method is that the assembled wave-absorbing layer is tightly attached to the inner wall of the film type LNG sloshing-reducing liquid tank, the porous medium unit modules in specific shapes can be bound at the corners of the inner wall to be attached to the inner wall in a matching mode, finally, a closed wave-absorbing cavity structure is formed, and crude oil and liquefied natural gas are loaded in the cavity structure. Simultaneously, set up monitoring devices on the porous medium unit module that the corner of wave attenuation cavity structures corresponds, monitoring devices sets up one side (one side inwards promptly) of porous medium unit module orientation crude oil, liquefied natural gas for the impact force size of inside liquid to it of real-time supervision, in time overhauls the investigation to unusual condition. The monitoring device is electrically connected with the control device, and the control device can send out an alarm or automatically take other emergency plans after receiving the abnormal signal. Preferably, the monitoring device is a pressure sensor. A common electronic component, i.e., a pressure sensor, for monitoring internally loaded crude oil and liquefied natural gas may be, for example, an YPS300-LXX digital pressure sensor manufactured by Nanjing cloud initiative intelligent technology, Inc., and has a measuring range: 0 to 50 kPa.
Preferably, the thickness w of the fabricated wave-absorbing layer is 1/10-1/8 of the length a of the film type LNG sloshing reducing tank. The thickness of the assembled wave absorption layer can influence the shake reducing effect of the assembled wave absorption layer, but the excessively thick assembled wave absorption layer can reduce the internal space of the cabin body, influence the loading capacity of crude oil and liquefied natural gas, and improve the production cost of the assembled wave absorption layer.
According to the method, a mathematical model is established, firstly, a film type LNG sloshing reducing liquid tank is simulated by a square or rectangular shape, 1/10-1/8 of the length a of the film type LNG sloshing reducing liquid tank is obtained, the porosity n of a porous medium wave absorbing layer is 0.45-0.55, and the porosity of a hollow aluminum wave absorbing layer is 0.45-0.55Diameter D of the ball50The thickness w of the assembled wave absorption layer is 1/20-1/2. And then applying the parameters to the simulated thin film type LNG sloshing reducing liquid tank, and finally finding that the simulated parameter result can well relieve the impact force of the liquid storage on the side wall of the simulated thin film type LNG sloshing reducing liquid tank, so that the sloshing reducing and wave preventing effects can be well achieved in practical application.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the assembled wave absorbing layer is formed by assembling the porous medium unit modules, so that the method can be applied to almost all scenes of LNG transportation, and the adaptability and the flexibility are obviously improved;
2. the steel reinforcement cage is adopted on the outside, and the hollow aluminum balls with specific diameters are filled in the steel reinforcement cage according to a certain porosity, so that the steel reinforcement cage has the advantages of light weight, high strength, low thermal expansion coefficient, isotropy and the like, and the vibration reduction and wave elimination effects are very good;
3. the reinforcement cages of the invention are connected by rotatable members, and the fabricated assembled wave-absorbing layer does not need additional anchoring or welding process, thus having little influence on the integrity of the liquid tank.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the interior of a square sloshing reducing tank according to example 1;
FIG. 2 is a perspective structural view of a porous medium unit module of example 1;
FIG. 3 is a perspective structural view of a rotatable member of embodiment 1;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the rotatable member of example 1 at another angle after wrapping the reinforcing bars and inserting bolts for fixation;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the rotatable member of example 1 connecting adjacent 2 porous media unit modules;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the maximum sidewall wave height (i.e., maximum displacement of the free liquid level) for the square slosh reducing tank of example 1 at different porous medium thickness/tank length ratios;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the maximum impact pressure at the bottom end of the sidewall of the square slosh reducing tank of example 1 at different porous media thickness/tank length ratios;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the maximum sidewall wave height (i.e., maximum displacement of the free liquid level) of the square wave-sloshing reducing tank of example 1 at different porosities n of the fabricated wave-absorbing layer;
FIG. 9 is a graph of the maximum impact pressure at the bottom end of the sidewall of the square wave-damping tank of example 1 at different porosities n of the fabricated wave-damping layer;
FIG. 10 is a graph of the maximum wave height of the sidewall (i.e., the maximum displacement of the free liquid level) of the square sloshing reducing liquid tank of example 1 at different ratios of the diameter of the aluminum ball to the thickness of the porous medium;
FIG. 11 is a graph of the maximum impact pressure at the bottom end of the sidewall of the square sloshing liquid tank of example 1 at different ratios of the diameter of the aluminum ball to the thickness of the porous medium;
fig. 12 is a perspective view of the simulated membrane type LNG sloshing reducing tank according to example 2;
FIG. 13 is a graph comparing the time-lapse curves of wall pressure measuring points of the simulated membrane type LNG sloshing reducing tank in example 2 under the conditions of adding the wave absorbing layer and not adding the wave absorbing layer;
fig. 14 is a front view of the rotatable member of embodiment 3.
In the figure: 1. an assembled wave absorption layer; 2. a porous media unit module; 3. a reinforcement cage; 4. reinforcing steel bars; 5. a porous filler; 6. a rotatable member; 7. an intermediate portion; 8. an annular bend; 9. a through hole; 10. a threaded blind hole; 11. a bolt; 12. a square sloshing reducing liquid tank; 13. a pressure sensor; 14. a computer; 15. and simulating a film type LNG sloshing reducing liquid tank.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, in the present embodiment, a cube with a side length of 1m is used to simulate a film-type LNG sloshing reducing tank, which is hereinafter referred to as a cube sloshing reducing tank. The assembled wave absorption layer 1 provided by the embodiment is formed by assembling a plurality of porous medium unit modules 2, each porous medium unit module 2 comprises a reinforcement cage 3 and a porous filler 4 filled in the reinforcement cage 3, the reinforcement cage 3 is formed by binding reinforcement bars 4 by stirrups, and the porous fillers 5 are a plurality of hollow aluminum balls with the same diameter; the steel bars of the adjacent 2 porous medium unit modules 2 are connected through a rotatable member 6;
the rotatable member 6 comprises a middle part 7 and 2 annular bent parts 8 for wrapping the outside of the reinforcing steel bar 4, and the 2 annular bent parts 8 are respectively connected to two sides of the middle part 7 in a centrosymmetric manner at the center of the middle part 7; the center of the middle part 7 is provided with 2 rows of through holes 9, and the free end face of the annular bending part 8 is provided with a row of threaded blind holes 10; the 2 threaded blind holes 10 of the annular bending part 8 are respectively in contact with the 2 rows of the through holes 9 of the middle part 7 and are in one-to-one correspondence, and bolts 11 are additionally arranged to penetrate through the through holes 9 and are screwed into the corresponding threaded blind holes 10. The number of the threaded blind holes in each row and the number of the through holes in each row are 3.
Assembling the porous medium unit modules 2 into an assembled wave absorption layer 1, and then attaching the assembled wave absorption layer to the periphery of the interior of the square wave absorption liquid tank 12 to form a closed wave absorption chamber structure; and a pressure sensor 13 and a computer 14 which are electrically connected with each other are additionally arranged, wherein the pressure sensor 13 is arranged on the inward side at the corner of the wave-absorbing chamber structure.
Most of the porous medium unit modules are bound into a cuboid shape, and a few porous medium unit modules are bound into corresponding special shapes in order to be matched with corners of the LNG sloshing reducing liquid tank.
The assembled wave-absorbing layer and the specific application method thereof are as follows:
(1) binding the steel bars by using stirrups to manufacture a rectangular or other special-shaped reinforcement cage framework, and reserving a hollow aluminum ball filling port in the process of binding the stirrups;
(2) filling hollow aluminum balls into the prepared reinforcement cage, and plugging a reserved filling opening with a stirrup after filling;
(3) repeating the steps (1) and (2) to prepare a plurality of porous medium unit bodies;
(4) the rotatable component is used for connecting the transverse steel bars of the adjacent 2 porous medium unit modules, the porous medium unit modules with special shapes are used for connecting and attaching at the corners of the inner wall of the LNG sloshing-reducing liquid tank, and finally, the assembled wave-absorbing layer formed by the porous medium unit modules completely covers the inner wall of the thin film type LNG liquid tank.
Above-mentioned assembled wave absorption layer is when the assembly, the rotatable component that needs to use, with a plurality of porous medium unit modules one by one close to arrange one row into, it is close to respectively to have 1 reinforcing bar on the reinforcing cage of adjacent 2 porous medium unit modules, these 2 reinforcing bars cup joint together with 2 annular bends on the same rotatable component to realized the zonulae occludens of adjacent porous medium unit module, and then connected a plurality of porous medium unit modules and formed assembled wave absorption layer. As one of the simplest conventional cases, the rotatable member may be formed integrally, and when the reinforcing bars of the porous medium unit modules are not connected, the annular bent portions at both sides of the middle portion are not yet bent into a ring shape. The bending into the final shape is performed on site only after the rebars of adjacent porous media unit modules have been in place at the time of actual use. The overall shape of the final bent rotatable member is similar to a figure "8" in front view, and when the 2 annular bent portions are arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the middle portion, the figure is "8". When a certain end face of the annular bending part is bent to enable the threaded blind hole to be in contact and correspond to the 1 row of through holes of the middle part close to the side, the threaded blind hole can be inserted into and penetrated through the through holes by bolts and screwed into the threaded blind hole, so that the annular bending part of the rotatable component covered with the reinforcing steel bar can not loosen the reinforcing steel bar when the assembled wave absorbing layer is subjected to external impact force, and the assembled wave absorbing layer is prevented from being scattered and damaged. The assembled wave-absorbing layer is formed by assembling porous medium unit modules together by using a rotatable member in a manner similar to bricking a wall, so that a whole-surface finished laminated structure is formed. The assembled wave-absorbing layer has good flow resistance, can reduce the impact pressure of the internal liquid storage on the inner wall surface of the liquid storage tank/liquid storage cabin, and can also reduce the sloshing of the internal liquid storage of the liquid storage tank/liquid storage cabin caused by external wave excitation resonance when the liquid storage tank/liquid storage cabin is used for waterway transportation.
In this embodiment, an IHFOAM two-phase flow solver in OpenFOAM is used to perform mathematical modeling solution on the above porous medium arrangement form, and a mathematical model based on the solver is briefly introduced as follows:
in the air-water two-phase flow, water can be regarded as incompressible fluid (namely D rho/Dt is 0), the proportion of two fluids in a unit body is described by a scalar α in combination with a VOF model, and the physical properties (density rho and dynamic viscosity mu) of the corresponding unit are jointly determined by two phases (namely rho is rho1α+ρ2(1-α)μ＝μ1α+μ2(1-α))。
Then the Navier-Stokes control equation of the VOF model is:
Figure BDA0002293469540000071
Figure BDA0002293469540000081
Figure BDA0002293469540000082
wherein: σ represents the surface tension coefficient, and κ represents the curvature of the free surface.
If a porous medium model is added to the NS equation, the source term of the momentum equation needs to be added, and the format proposed by Forcheimer is adopted:
Figure BDA0002293469540000083
wherein: i is the hydraulic gradient, ap、bp、cpAre all empirical parameters.
Applying van Gent pairs ap、bp、cpApproximate empirical formula of (Van Gent, M.R.A.,1995.Waveinteraction with periodic coast)al structure.PhD thesis,Delft University,Delft,The Netherlands.)：
Figure BDA0002293469540000084
Wherein: the KC coefficient represents the magnitude of the extra drag relative to the unsteady flow, n is the porosity, D50The median particle diameter. When the source terms are added into the RANS Reynolds, the control equation of the turbulence is described, and the final control equation can be obtained:
Figure BDA0002293469540000085
Figure BDA0002293469540000086
Figure BDA0002293469540000087
IHFOAM uses the system of control equations described above to solve the porous medium model.
In this embodiment, by establishing a mathematical model of the porous medium wave-absorbing layer and the film type LNG sloshing-reducing liquid tank, and using water as the mathematical simulation liquid, when the loading rate of the rectangular liquid tank is 50%, the test results are respectively tested at different w/a (the ratio of the thickness of the assembled wave-absorbing layer to the length of the film type LNG sloshing-reducing liquid tank), different n (the porosity of the wave-absorbing layer), and different D (the porosity of the wave-absorbing layer) and different D) under the resonance external excitation frequency50The results of mathematical simulation of the maximum wave height of the side wall and the maximum impact pressure at the bottom end of the side wall of the fabricated wave-absorbing layer under the condition of/w (the ratio of the diameter of the hollow aluminum ball to the thickness of the fabricated wave-absorbing layer) are shown in fig. 6-11.
By referring to the parameter combinations with the minimum value appearing at the maximum impact pressure at the bottom end of the side wall in fig. 6-11, or selecting the parameter combinations with the relatively small maximum displacement of the free liquid level and the relatively small maximum impact pressure at the wall surface (when the minimum value does not exist), the recommended preferred value range of the parameters of the porous medium wave-absorbing layer is obtained, that is, the thickness w of the assembled wave-absorbing layer is the length of the thin-film LNG sloshing-reducing liquid tank1/10-1/8 of degree a, 0.45-0.55 of porosity n of wave absorption layer of porous medium and diameter D of hollow aluminum ball50The thickness w of the assembled wave absorption layer is 1/20-1/2.
Example 2
As shown in FIG. 12, the present example selects the value range of the parameters of the wave-absorbing layer of the porous medium after the parameters are optimized in example 1, i.e. n is 0.5, D50And w/a is 0.1 and 0.2, and is applied to the simulated membrane type LNG slosh reducing tank 15. The shape of the simulated membrane type LNG slosh reducing tank 15 and the positions of the porous medium wave-absorbing layer and the pressure sensor are shown in fig. 12.
Similarly to example 1, a plurality of porous medium unit modules were also first fabricated, and the modules were connected by means of a rotatable member 6. There is a tank corner other than 90 degrees due to the simulated membrane type LNG sloshing tank 15. In this case, the shape of the reinforcement cage where the porous medium unit modules are located can be adjusted to fit the inner wall dimensions of the tank.
Assembling the porous medium unit modules 2 into an assembled wave absorption layer 1, and then attaching the assembled wave absorption layer to the periphery in the simulated film type LNG sloshing reducing liquid tank 15 to form a closed wave absorption chamber structure; and a pressure sensor 14 which is electrically connected with each other is arranged, and the pressure sensor 13 is arranged on the inward side at the corner of the wave-damping cavity structure.
After testing, the simulated film-type LNG sloshing-reducing tank obtains data of the impact pressure of the liquid storage sloshing on the bulkhead, as shown in fig. 13, the solid line is a variation curve of the impact pressure of the liquid storage sloshing on the bulkhead without adding the porous medium wave-absorbing layer, and the dotted line is a variation curve of the impact pressure of the liquid storage sloshing on the bulkhead after adding the porous medium wave-absorbing layer. As is apparent from fig. 13, the parameters of the porous medium wave-absorbing layer of the embodiment can effectively reduce sloshing of the liquid level of the liquid storage, and avoid impact of sloshing of the liquid storage on the bulkhead, which illustrates that the parameters obtained by simulation can be applied to the simulation of the thin film type LNG sloshing-reducing tank, and provide more accurate parameters for practical application of the thin film type LNG sloshing-reducing tank.
Example 3
This example differs from example 1 in that: the 2 annular curved portions 8 of the rotatable member 6 are connected to the two sides of the middle portion 7 symmetrically at the center of the middle portion 7, i.e. as shown in fig. 14, the front view is "B" shaped. The structure of the rotatable component of the embodiment can also firmly fix the adjacent 2 porous medium unit modules together, and has no influence on the sloshing reducing and wave eliminating effects of the sloshing reducing liquid tank.

Claims (10)

1. The assembled wave absorption layer is characterized by being formed by assembling a plurality of porous medium unit modules, wherein each porous medium unit module comprises a reinforcement cage and porous fillers filled in the reinforcement cage, and the reinforcement cage is formed by binding reinforcing steel bars by stirrups; the reinforcing steel bars of the adjacent 2 porous medium unit modules are connected through a rotatable component;
the rotatable component comprises a middle part and 2 annular bent parts for wrapping the outside of the steel bar, and the 2 annular bent parts are respectively connected to the two sides of the middle part in a bilateral symmetry or central symmetry mode at the center of the middle part; the center of the middle part is provided with 2 rows of through holes, and the end surface of the free end of the annular bending part is provided with a row of threaded blind holes; the 2 threaded blind holes of the annular bending part are respectively in contact with the 2 rows of the through holes in the middle part and are in one-to-one correspondence, and bolts are additionally arranged to penetrate through the through holes and are screwed into the corresponding threaded blind holes.
2. The fabricated wave-absorbing layer of claim 1 wherein the porous filler is a plurality of hollow aluminum balls having the same diameter.
3. The fabricated wave-absorbing layer of claim 2, wherein the hollow aluminum spheres have a diameter D50The thickness w of the assembled wave absorption layer is 1/20-1/2.
4. The fabricated absorber of claim 2 or 3, wherein the porosity n of the fabricated absorber is 0.45-0.55.
5. The fabricated wave-absorbing layer of claim 1 wherein the number of blind threaded holes per row and through holes per row is not less than 3.
6. The fabricated wave-absorbing layer according to claim 1, wherein the middle portion of the rotatable member is provided with 2 grooves, the shape and position of the 2 grooves respectively correspond to the end surfaces of the annular bent portions of the 2 rotatable members, and the through-holes are provided in the grooves.
7. The fabricated wave-absorbing layer of claim 1, wherein the annular curved portion of the rotatable member is removably attached on both sides of the intermediate portion.
8. The application of the fabricated wave-absorbing layer of claim 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 or 7 in the film-type LNG sloshing-reducing liquid tank is characterized in that after the porous medium unit modules are fabricated into the fabricated wave-absorbing layer, the fabricated wave-absorbing layer is attached to and arranged around the inside of the film-type LNG sloshing-reducing liquid tank to form a closed wave-absorbing chamber structure; and a monitoring device and a control device which are electrically connected with each other are additionally arranged, and the monitoring device is arranged on one inward side of the corner of the wave-absorbing cavity structure.
9. Use of a fabricated wave-absorbing layer according to claim 8 in a membrane type LNG sloshing reducing tank, wherein the monitoring device is a pressure sensor.
10. The use of the fabricated wave-absorbing layer in a membrane type LNG sloshing reducing tank as claimed in claim 8, wherein the thickness w of the fabricated wave-absorbing layer is 1/10-1/8 of the length a of the membrane type LNG sloshing reducing tank.
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