CN110873161A - 用于车辆的动力传动系 - Google Patents

用于车辆的动力传动系 Download PDF

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CN110873161A
CN110873161A CN201811478833.3A CN201811478833A CN110873161A CN 110873161 A CN110873161 A CN 110873161A CN 201811478833 A CN201811478833 A CN 201811478833A CN 110873161 A CN110873161 A CN 110873161A
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clutch
main shaft
gear
rotating ring
state
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CN110873161B (zh
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蔡民浩
申容旭
鱼顺基
权纯星
金千玉
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Hyundai Motor Co
Kia Corp
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Kia Motors Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/20—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices
    • F16H48/22—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using friction clutches or brakes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/02—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of clutch
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/16—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing
    • B60K17/20—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing in which the differential movement is limited
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    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/089—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears all of the meshing gears being supported by a pair of parallel shafts, one being the input shaft and the other the output shaft, there being no countershaft involved
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    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0806—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts
    • F16H37/0813—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts with only one input shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/20—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices
    • F16H48/24—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using positive clutches or brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H2003/0811—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts using unsynchronised clutches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H2003/0818—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts comprising means for power-shifting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/06—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H48/10—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion with orbital spur gears
    • F16H2048/106—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion with orbital spur gears characterised by two sun gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/36—Differential gearings characterised by intentionally generating speed difference between outputs
    • F16H2048/364—Differential gearings characterised by intentionally generating speed difference between outputs using electric or hydraulic motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H2057/02039—Gearboxes for particular applications
    • F16H2057/02043—Gearboxes for particular applications for vehicle transmissions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/0021—Transmissions for multiple ratios specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/003—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
    • F16H2200/0034—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising two forward speeds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/006—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion power being selectively transmitted by either one of the parallel flow paths
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/62—Gearings having three or more central gears
    • F16H3/66—Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains without drive passing from one train to another
    • F16H3/663—Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains without drive passing from one train to another with conveying rotary motion between axially spaced orbital gears, e.g. RAVIGNEAUX
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0833—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths

Abstract

本发明提供一种用于车辆的动力传动系，所述用于车辆的动力传动系可以包括：主轴；变速单元，其设置为将电机的动力以不同的传动比选择性地输送到所述主轴；差速器，其连接至所述主轴；两个驱动轴，所述两个驱动轴设置为以相对的方向从差速器输出动力；旋转环，其通过第一离合器能够旋转地安装在主轴上；以及第二离合器，其设置为选择所述旋转环连接到所述变速单元的状态或者旋转环连接到所述两个驱动轴的选择的驱动轴的状态。

Description

用于车辆的动力传动系
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于车辆的动力传动系。更具体地，本发明涉及一种具有限滑差速器(limited slip differential，LSD)功能的用于车辆的动力传动系的配置。
背景技术
在用于车辆的动力传动系中，差速器是必要的，但是在低摩擦道路或不平整道路上，车辆不能通过差速作用来驱动。为了解决这个问题，需要在动力传动系中具有LSD功能。
动力传动系配置为实现LSD功能并且在具有简单的结构的同时具有较低的动力传输损耗，从而确保较高的动力传输效率。
在本背景技术部分中包括的信息仅仅旨在增加对本发明的总体背景的理解，而不应当被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已为本领域一般技术人员所公知的现有技术。
发明内容
本发明的各个方面旨在提供一种用于车辆的动力传动系，所述动力传动系配置为在具有简单结构的同时实现LSD功能，并且通过将车辆行驶期间的动力传输损失最小化来确保较高的动力传输效率，从而提高驾驶性能、燃料经济性以及车辆的行驶里程。
在本发明的各个方面中，提供一种用于车辆的动力传动系，所述动力传动系包括：主轴；变速单元，其设置为将电机的动力以不同的传动比能够选择性地输送到所述主轴；差速器，其连接到所述主轴；两个驱动轴，所述两个驱动轴设置为以相对的方向从差速器输出动力；旋转环，其通过第一离合器能够旋转地安装在主轴上；以及第二离合器，其设置为选择所述旋转环连接到所述变速单元的状态或者旋转环连接到两个驱动轴的选择的驱动轴的状态。
所述变速单元可以包括：第一挡位驱动齿轮和第二挡位驱动齿轮，所述第一挡位驱动齿轮和所述第二挡位驱动齿轮安装在由电机驱动的旋转轴上；第一挡位从动齿轮和第二挡位从动齿轮，所述第一挡位从动齿轮和所述第二挡位从动齿轮能够旋转地安装在主轴上以分别与所述第一挡位驱动齿轮和所述第二挡位驱动齿轮啮合；以及所述第三离合器，其设置为选择主轴连接到第一挡位从动齿轮的状态或者主轴连接到第二挡位从动齿轮的状态。
所述第一离合器可以包括摩擦离合器，所述摩擦离合器配置为连续地改变主轴与旋转环之间的摩擦力。
所述第二离合器可以设置为使在变速单元中完成变速的动力在传输到主轴之前传输到旋转环。
所述第二离合器可以设置为使所述变速单元的第二挡位从动齿轮连接到旋转圈。
所述第二离合器以及第三离合器的每一个可以包括啮合型离合器，所述啮合型离合器配置为当套筒在从中性状态移动到相反的两侧以相互接合时传输动力。
所述第二离合器可以配置为使得旋转环使用为具有套筒的毂，所述套筒装配在毂上以在其轴向方向上线性滑动。
本发明配置为具有简单结构的同时实现LSD功能，并且通过将车辆行驶期间的动力传输损失最小化来确保较高的动力传输效率，从而提高驾驶性能、燃料经济性以及车辆的行驶里程。
本发明的方法和装置具有其它的特性和优点，这些特性和优点从并入本文中的附图和随后的具体实施方式中将是显而易见的，或者将在附图和具体实施方式中进行详细陈述，这些附图和具体实施方式共同用于解释本发明的特定原理。
附图说明
图1为示例性地示出根据本发明的示例性实施方案的用于车辆的动力传动系的结构的示意图。
图2为示出由图1的动力传动系实现的操作模式的表图。
图3为示例性地示出图1的动力传动系实现第一挡位操作模式的状态的示意图。
图4为示例性地示出图1的动力传动系实现第一挡位-LSD操作模式的状态的示意图。
图5为示例性地示出图1的动力传动系实现第二挡位操作模式的状态的示意图。
图6为示例性地示出图1的动力传动系实现第二挡位-LSD操作模式的状态的示意图。
图7为示例性地示出通过图1的动力传动系从第一挡位换挡到第二挡位的过程的示意图。
图8为示例性地示出通过图1的动力传动系从第二挡位换挡到第一挡位的过程的示意图。
应当理解，附图不一定是按照比例绘制，而是显示了说明本发明的基本原理的各种特征的略微简化的画法。本发明所包括的具体设计特征(包括例如具体尺寸、方向、位置和形状)将部分地由具体所要应用和使用的环境来确定。
在这些图中，贯穿附图的多幅图，相同的附图标记表示本发明的相同或等同的部分。
具体实施方式
下面将详细参考本发明的各个具体实施方案，这些具体实施方案的示例呈现在附图中并描述如下。尽管本发明将与本发明的示例性实施方案相结合进行描述，但是应当理解本说明书并非旨在将本发明限制为那些示例性实施方案。另一方面，本发明旨在不但覆盖本发明的示例性实施方案，而且还覆盖可以被包括在由所附权利要求所限定的本发明的精神和范围之内的各种选择形式、修改形式、等价形式及其它实施方案。
下面，将参考附图更为详细地描述根据本发明的示例性实施方案的用于车辆的多挡位变速器。
参考图1，根据本发明的示例性实施方案用于车辆的动力传动系的示例性实施方案可以包括：主轴MS、变速单元MU、差速器DF、两个驱动轴、旋转环RR以及第一离合器CL1和第二离合器CL2，所述变速单元MU设置为将电机M的动力以不同的传动比选择性地供应到主轴MS；所述差速器DF连接到主轴MS；所述两个驱动轴设置为以相反的方向从差速器DF输出动力；所述旋转环RR通过第一离合器CL1可旋转地安装在主轴MS上；所述第二离合器CL2设置为选择旋转环RR连接到变速单元MU的状态或者旋转环RR连接到两个驱动轴DS1和DS2的选择的驱动轴的状态。
换句话说，本示例性实施方案配置为通过将第一离合器CL1和第二离合器CL2添加到基本的动力传动系来执行LSD功能，并且即使当变速单元MU动力传动系执行变速时也可以向两个驱动轴DS1和DS2持续地传输动力，所述基本的动力传动系配置为通过主轴MS向差速器DF供应由变速单元MU变速的动力从而向两个驱动轴DS1和DS2输出相同的动力。
在本发明的示例性的实施方案中，在图中所选择的驱动轴是连接到左驱动轮的左驱动轴，但是连接到右驱动轮的驱动轴也可以配置为作为选择的驱动轴。
在本发明的示例性的实施方案中，变速单元MU包括：第一挡位驱动齿轮1D、第二挡位驱动齿轮2D、第一挡位从动齿轮1P、第二挡位从动齿轮2P以及第三离合器CL3；所述第一挡位驱动齿轮1D和第二挡位驱动齿轮2D安装在由电机M驱动的旋转轴RS上；所述第一挡位从动齿轮1P和第二挡位从动齿轮2P可旋转地安装在主轴MS上并且分别与所述第一挡位驱动齿轮1D和第二挡位驱动齿轮2D啮合；所述第三离合器CL3设置为选择主轴MS连接到第一挡位从动齿轮1P的状态或者主轴MS连接到第二挡位从动齿轮2P的状态。
第一离合器CL1包括摩擦离合器，所述摩擦离合器配置为连续地改变主轴MS与旋转环RR之间的摩擦力。例如，可以使用干式或湿式的盘式离合器等等，其可以通过在两个摩擦盘之间施加的压力来改变摩擦力而调整传输的扭矩的量。
第二离合器CL2设置为使在变速单元MU中完成变速的动力在传输到主轴MS之前传输到旋转环RR。
例如，在本发明的示例性的实施方案中，第二离合器CL2配置为使得变速单元MU的第二挡位从动齿轮2P连接到旋转环RR，但是也可以配置为使得第一挡位从动齿轮1P连接到旋转环RR。
第二离合器CL2以及第三离合器CL3的每一个包括啮合型离合器，所述啮合型离合器配置为在套筒从中性状态移动到相反的两侧以相互接合时传输动力。
例如，第二离合器CL2和第三离合器CL3可以包括牙嵌离合器或设置有同步环的同步啮合装置。
此外，第二离合器CL2可以配置为使得旋转环RR使用为具有套筒的毂，所述套筒装配在毂上以在其轴向方向上线性滑动。
换句话说，旋转环RR配置为执行毂的功能，以在装配于旋转环RR上的套筒沿其轴向方向线性滑动时，选择第二挡位从动齿轮2P与旋转环RR相互连接的状态或者所选择的驱动轴与旋转环RR相互连接的状态，从而有助于减少组件数量并且减轻重量。
作为参考，图1中所示的差速器DF指的是正齿轮差速器，但是本发明不限于此，并且也可以使用使用了锥齿轮或行星齿轮系统的通用的差速器配置。
此外，第一离合器CL1、第二离合器CL2以及第三离合器CL3配置为由单独的控制器控制。
如上所述配置的用于车辆的动力传动系可以实现图2中所示的操作模式。
图3示出了实现第一挡位操作模式的状态，其中，第三离合器CL3将第一挡位从动齿轮1P连接到主轴MS。
因此，电机M的动力通过在第一挡位驱动齿轮1D和第一挡位从动齿轮1P处的第一传动比变速，通过主轴MS传输到差速器DF，并且通过两个驱动轴传输到两个驱动轮(未示出)。
图4示出了实现第一挡位-LSD操作模式的状态，其中第三离合器CL3将第一挡位从动齿轮1P连接到主轴MS，第二离合器CL2通过套筒选择LSD将旋转环RR连接到选择的驱动轴，并且第一离合器CL1用于产生LSD功能所需水平的摩擦力。
因此，电动机M的动力以第一传动比变速，随后通过主轴MS和差速器DF传输到两个驱动轴，其中，根据所选择的驱动轴连接到主轴MS的程度，差速器DF的差速功能由第一离合器CL1和第二离合器CL2限制，并且当第一离合器CL1完全接合时，主轴MS和两个驱动轴都以相同的速度旋转，完全地限制差速功能，因此即使在低摩擦道路或不平整道路上也能使车辆平稳行驶。
当然，可以通过调整第一离合器CL1的摩擦力来调整上述限滑差速功能的程度。
图5示出了实现第二挡位操作模式的状态，其中，第三离合器CL3将第二挡位从动齿轮2P连接到主轴MS，使得来自电机M的动力以第二传动比变速并且随后通过主轴MS传输到差速器DF。
图6示出了实现第二挡位-LSD操作模式的状态，其中，在如图5中所示的第三离合器CL3将第二挡位从动齿轮2P连接到主轴MS的状态下，第二离合器CL2的套筒选择LSD，使得旋转环RR连接到选择的驱动轴，并且摩擦力由第一离合器CL1产生，从而限制差速器DF的差速功能。
图7顺序地示出了从图3的第一挡位操作模式换挡到图5的第二挡位操作模式的过程。首先，在第二离合器CL2的套筒连接到第二挡位从动齿轮2P的状态下，由第一离合器CL1产生摩擦力，从而来自电机M的动力也通过第一离合器CL1传输到差速器DF。
其次，通过将第三离合器CL3释放到中性并增加第一离合器CL1的摩擦力，电机M的转速降低到与第二挡位同步。
接下来，通过使用第三离合器CL3将第二挡位从动齿轮2P连接到主轴MS。
同样地，当释放第一离合器CL1的摩擦力并且将第二离合器CL2释放到中性状态时，完成如图5中所示的换挡到第二挡位操作模式。
同时，图8顺序地示出了从图5的第二挡位操作模式换挡到图3的第一挡位操作模式的过程。
首先，第二挡位从动齿轮2P通过使用第二离合器CL2连接到旋转环RR，并且第一离合器CL1接合。
其次，在将第三离合器CL3释放到中性状态，通过第二离合器CL2和第一离合器CL1传输动力，保持处于第二挡位的运行状态。
接下来，在增加电机M的转数的同时减小第一离合器CL1的摩擦力以产生滑动，从而使第一挡位从动齿轮1P的旋转速度与主轴MS同步。
接下来，第一从动齿轮1P通过使用第三离合器CL3连接到主轴MS。
同样地，当第一离合器CL1的摩擦力完全释放并且将第二离合器CL2释放到中性状态时，完成如图3中所示的换挡到第一挡位操作模式。
为了方便解释和精确限定所附权利要求，术语“上”、“下”、“内”、“外”、“上面”、“下面”、“上方”、“下方”、“向上”、“向下”、“前”、“后”、“背”、“内”、“外”、“内部”、“外部”、“内部的”、“外部的”、“内侧”、“外侧”、“向前”、“向后”被用于参考附图中所显示的这些特征的位置来描述示例性具体实施方案的特征。
前面对本发明具体示例性具体实施方案所呈现的描述是出于说明和描述的目的。前面的描述并不旨在成为穷举的，也并不旨在把本发明限制为所公开的精确形式，显然，根据上述教导很多改变和变化都是可能的。选择示例性实施方案并进行描述是为了解释本发明的特定原理及其实际应用，从而使得本领域的其它技术人员能够实现并利用本发明的各种示例性实施方案及其不同选择形式和修改形式。本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等价形式所限定。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于车辆的动力传动系装置，所述动力传动系装置包括：
主轴；
变速单元，其设置为将电机的动力以不同的传动比能够选择性地输送到所述主轴；
差速器，其连接到所述主轴；
两个驱动轴，所述两个驱动轴接合到所述差速器并且设置为以相对的方向从差速器输出动力；
第一离合器；
旋转环，其通过所述第一离合器能够旋转地安装在主轴上；以及
第二离合器，其设置为选择旋转环连接到变速单元的状态或者旋转环连接到两个驱动轴的选择的驱动轴的状态。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于车辆的动力传动系装置，其中，所述变速单元包括：
第一驱动齿轮和第二驱动齿轮，所述第一驱动齿轮和所述第二驱动齿轮安装在由电机驱动的旋转轴上；
第一从动齿轮和第二从动齿轮，所述第一从动齿轮和所述第二从动齿轮能够旋转地安装在所述主轴上并且分别与所述第一驱动齿轮和所述第二驱动齿轮啮合；以及
第三离合器，其设置为选择主轴连接到第一从动齿轮的状态或者主轴连接到第二从动齿轮的状态。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用于车辆的动力传动系装置，其中，所述第一离合器包括摩擦离合器，所述摩擦离合器配置为改变主轴与旋转环之间的摩擦力。
4.根据权利要求2所述的用于车辆的动力传动系装置，其中，所述第二离合器设置为使在变速单元中完成变速的动力在传输到主轴之前传输到旋转环。
5.根据权利要求4所述的用于车辆的动力传动系装置，其中，所述第二离合器设置为使所述变速单元的第二从动齿轮能够选择性地连接到旋转环。
6.根据权利要求2所述的用于车辆的动力传动系装置，其中，所述第二离合器以及所述第三离合器的每一个包括啮合型离合器，所述啮合型离合器配置为在套筒从中性状态移动到相反的两侧以相互接合时传输动力。
7.根据权利要求2所述的用于车辆的动力传动系装置，其中，所述第二离合器配置为使得旋转环使用为具有套筒的毂，所述套筒装配在毂上以在其轴向方向上线性滑动。
8.根据权利要求1所述的用于车辆的动力传动系装置，其中，所述两个驱动轴包括：
第一驱动轴，其持续地接合到主轴；以及
第二驱动轴，其持续地接合到主轴并且能够选择性地连接到旋转环；
其中，所述第二驱动轴是所述两个驱动轴的选择的驱动轴。
9.根据权利要求8所述的用于车辆的动力传动系装置，其中，所述变速单元包括：
第一驱动齿轮和第二驱动齿轮，所述第一驱动齿轮和所述第二驱动齿轮安装在由电机驱动的旋转轴上；以及
第一从动齿轮和第二从动齿轮，所述第一从动齿轮和所述第二从动齿轮能够旋转地安装在所述主轴上并且分别与所述第一驱动齿轮和所述第二驱动齿轮啮合；
其中，所述第二离合器配置为选择旋转环连接到所述变速单元的第二从动齿轮的状态或者旋转环连接到所述两个驱动轴的第二驱动轴的状态。
10.根据权利要求9所述的用于车辆的动力传动系装置，其中，所述变速单元进一步包括：
第三离合器，其设置为选择主轴连接到第一从动齿轮的状态或者主轴连接到第二从动齿轮的状态。
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