CN110873112A - Anti-loosening method for fastening screw in stepped hole, anti-loosening hole and anti-loosening bolt - Google Patents

Anti-loosening method for fastening screw in stepped hole, anti-loosening hole and anti-loosening bolt Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110873112A
CN110873112A CN201811029416.0A CN201811029416A CN110873112A CN 110873112 A CN110873112 A CN 110873112A CN 201811029416 A CN201811029416 A CN 201811029416A CN 110873112 A CN110873112 A CN 110873112A
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China
Prior art keywords
loosening
hole
screw
bolt
shape
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CN201811029416.0A
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Chinese (zh)
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李瑛�
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to CN201811029416.0A priority Critical patent/CN110873112A/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B39/00Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
    • F16B39/02Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down
    • F16B39/08Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place after screwing down with a cap interacting with the nut, connected to the bolt by a pin or cotter pin

Abstract

The invention relates to a locking method for fastening a screw in a stepped hole, and a locking hole and a locking bolt designed for the method. The invention belongs to an anti-loosening method for fastening screws in a structural stepped hole, and provides an anti-loosening bolt which is a novel creative design for a large hole of the stepped hole and has an anti-loosening function. In the anti-loosening structure for fastening the screw in the stepped hole, the fastening nut is connected with a fastened structural member into a whole through the anti-loosening bolt, so that the fastening nut cannot be reversed and loosened. The anti-loosening technology for fastening the screw in the stepped hole is convenient to use, reliable in performance and safe in operation, and is a novel anti-loosening technology for fastening the screw in the stepped hole.

Description

Anti-loosening method for fastening screw in stepped hole, anti-loosening hole and anti-loosening bolt
Technical Field
The invention relates to a locking method for fastening a screw in a stepped hole, and a locking hole and a locking bolt provided for the same. In particular to a new method and a component for structurally preventing a fastening screw in a stepped hole from loosening by itself aiming at the particularity of the stepped hole.
Background
Screws, also known as fasteners, are widely used in various industrial products, and stepped holes are a special type of screw hole in mechanical part connections, and after the fastening screw in the stepped hole is installed, the fastening screw in the stepped hole does not come out of the hole. The stepped hole not only has the functions of hiding and protecting the fastening screw, but also can enable the structure of a mechanical part to be compact and avoid the mutual interference of the fastening screw and other parts. Because of these advantages, stepped bores are used much on mechanical parts. Like various engine cylinder head screws, automobile hub screws and the like are typical stepped hole screw fastening forms. It is known to join screws together by means of the helical threads of the screw and nut engaging each other. The nut rotates on the screw rod along the spiral line in the positive direction, so that the nut can be screwed tightly. The nut can also be loosened by rotating reversely. In the use process of various industrial products which are connected and fastened by using screws, the fastening screws usually loosen automatically due to high-speed movement, various vibrations, various pressure changes and temperature changes. The light person affects the normal use of mechanical equipment, and the heavy person can cause serious safety accidents. The fastening screw in the stepped hole is in a hidden state, and if the fastening screw is loosened, the fastening screw cannot be found in time, so that the safety hazard caused by the loosening is larger. At present, although various screw anti-loosening technologies are different in types, anti-loosening technologies for fastening screws in stepped holes are rare. Therefore, the anti-loosening method for fastening the screw in the stepped hole is a technical problem which is urgently needed to be solved in the upgrading and updating of industrial products.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a locking method for preventing a fastening screw in a stepped hole from loosening, and a locking hole and a locking bolt provided for the method. Because of the special structure of the stepped hole, the existing screw anti-loosening method is not suitable for being applied to a fastening screw in the stepped hole, and a new screw anti-loosening method must be researched aiming at the particularity of the stepped hole.
The stepped hole is generally divided into two sections, namely a small hole section and a large hole section, wherein the small hole section is a standard hole of the screw hole and is matched with the screw rod so as to ensure that the screw rod of the fastening screw can smoothly pass through the stepped hole without an overlarge gap. The large hole section not only needs to accommodate the screw rod and the nut, but also enables tools such as a wrench sleeve for screwing the nut to rotate freely in the large hole. After the fastening screw is installed, the tail parts of the nut and the screw rod are hidden in the large hole. The problem of looseness prevention of the fastening screw hidden in the large hole is solved, and difficulty is high. The prior large holes of the stepped holes are all designed into regular round holes, and the regular round holes are convenient to process and have the advantages, but the problem of looseness prevention of fastening screws is difficult to solve. A new innovative thinking is needed to be created for creating a new brook.
In the invention, firstly, the stepped hole is innovatively designed, so that the large hole of the stepped hole has a new anti-loosening function. We refer to such a stepped hole with a large hole having a loosening prevention function as a loosening prevention hole herein. The invention creatively combines the fastening screw, the anti-loosening hole and the anti-loosening bolt in the stepped hole together to form a structural anti-loosening system for the fastening screw.
The fastening screws in the stepped holes are of various types, including but not limited to screws with bolt structures, screws with stud structures, screws with nut-free screw structures (including outer hexagonal-head screws and inner hexagonal-head screws) and other fastening screws suitable for use in the stepped holes. An alignment mark line from the circle center to the outer angle is arranged on the upper plane of the nut.
The anti-loosening hole is a novel large hole of the stepped hole, and the anti-loosening hole has two forms. The first type is a right circular macro hole, based on the right circular macro hole, 1-12 axial anti-loosening clamping grooves are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the macro hole, and the anti-loosening clamping grooves can be communicated to the bottom of the macro hole from the opening edge of the macro hole or not. The cross-sectional shape of the anti-loosening clamping groove includes, but is not limited to, u-shaped, V-shaped, semicircular, wavy, zigzag and other shapes. The width of the notch of the anti-loosening clamping groove is 1-20 mm, and the depth from the notch to the bottom of the groove is 1-20 mm. The second category is non-perfect circular macropores, the shapes of which include, but are not limited to, triangular macropores, tetragonal macropores, pentagonal macropores, hexagonal macropores, octagonal macropores, dodecagonal macropores, elliptical macropores, drop-shaped macropores and other shapes of non-perfect circular macropores. The large holes in the shapes have the anti-loosening function in the structure of the anti-loosening screw in the stepped hole, and one shape can be selected according to specific conditions in actual production. A positioning alignment mark line is carved on the edge of the anti-loosening hole.
The anti-loosening bolt is an anti-loosening part designed and manufactured according to the special structure of the stepped hole. The anti-loosening plug is shaped like a hollow plug with a cap at one end. The shape of the outer wall of the cross section of the anti-loosening bolt is the same as that of the inner wall of the anti-loosening hole. The first type is a right circular outer wall, and 1-12 axial anti-loose clamps are uniformly arranged on the right circular outer wall. The circular outer wall of the anti-loosening bolt and the circular inner wall of the anti-loosening hole are closely embedded. The cross-sectional shape of the anti-loosening clip on the anti-loosening plug includes, but is not limited to, n-shape, a-shape, semi-circular shape, wave shape, saw-tooth shape, and other shapes. The anti-loosening clamp on the anti-loosening bolt is convex, and the anti-loosening clamping groove on the inner wall of the anti-loosening hole is concave. The anti-loosening clamping grooves in the inner wall of the anti-loosening hole and the anti-loosening clamping grooves in the outer wall of the anti-loosening bolt are consistent in shape, quantity and size, correspond to one another and are closely embedded. The second category is non-right circular outer walls, which for the same reason include, but are not limited to, triangular, tetragonal, pentagonal, hexagonal, octagonal, dodecagonal, elliptical, drop-shaped, and other shaped non-right circular holes. The anti-loosening bolt with the shape of the non-perfect-circular outer wall is matched with the non-perfect-circular anti-loosening hole for use, the shape of the anti-loosening hole and the shape of the anti-loosening bolt on one workpiece are completely the same, and the anti-loosening holes and the anti-loosening bolt are closely embedded in the size. The central cavity of the anti-loosening bolt should be the same shape as the nut or screw head and should be closely sized to fit.
The invention relates to a locking method for fastening screws in a stepped hole, which comprises the following steps: and processing the fastening screw combination external member and the stepped hole on the workpiece according to the designed figure and parameters to prevent the hole from loosening. And manufacturing the anti-loosening bolt according to the designed figures and parameters. Firstly combining two workpieces to be assembled together, checking the butt joint precision, checking the screw hole, checking each part of a fastening screw, inserting a screw rod of the fastening screw into the screw hole of the component 1 after confirming that the screw rod is correct, penetrating through the stepped hole all the time, stabilizing the screw rod, installing a gasket, a washer and installing a nut. And (4) mounting all the stepped hole fastening screws on one surface of the workpiece according to a specified sequence to reach the initial screwing tightness. And then the nuts are tightened by the second wheel according to the specified sequence. It is specified that when each nut is finally tightened to the design standard, the alignment mark on one corner of the nut will be aligned with the locating alignment mark on the edge of the anti-loosening aperture. And then the anti-loosening bolt is installed, when the anti-loosening bolt is installed, the anti-loosening clamp on the outer wall of the anti-loosening bolt is completely inserted into the anti-loosening clamping groove on the inner wall of the anti-loosening hole, and meanwhile, the nut or the screw head in the anti-loosening hole is embedded into the central cavity of the anti-loosening bolt. The main body section of the anti-loosening bolt is completely embedded into the anti-loosening hole, and only the top cover of the anti-loosening bolt is left outside the anti-loosening hole. After all the fastening screws in the stepped hole on one surface of one workpiece are installed, the anti-loosening bolt is tied on the specified annular tying screw or tying hole through the plastic-covered tying wire according to the design scheme, so that the anti-loosening bolt can be prevented from being loosened outwards.
The invention has the beneficial effects of providing a novel method for preventing the fastening screw in the stepped hole from loosening and providing a novel stepped hole, namely the anti-loosening hole and the anti-loosening bolt. The fastening screw, the anti-loosening bolt and the mechanical assembly part are connected into a whole through the double nesting of the fastening screw, the anti-loosening bolt and the anti-loosening hole. They are compact in structure, convenient in use, safe and reliable, and are an ideal new technology for preventing the screws from loosening in the stepped holes.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1: general schematic diagram of anti-loosening structure of fastening screw in stepped hole
1. The structural member 12, the screw head 4 of the fastening screw, the fastening screw 5, the fastening nut 6, the anti-loosening bolt 7, the anti-loosening clamp 8, the central cavity 9 of the anti-loosening bolt, the top cover 10 of the anti-loosening bolt, the fastening ring screw 11 and the rope through hole in the top cover of the anti-loosening bolt are constructed 23
FIG. 2: schematic diagram of anti-loosening hole and anti-loosening clamping groove
2-1, schematic diagram of anti-loose holes of three semicircular anti-loose clamping grooves
2-2, schematic diagram of anti-loose holes of three V-shaped anti-loose clamping grooves
12. Small hole 13, large hole 14, V-shaped anti-loose slot 15, notch width 16 of anti-loose slot and depth of anti-loose slot
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the anti-loosening bolt
3-1: schematic cross section diagram of anti-loosening bolt structure with semicircular anti-loosening clamp
3-2: schematic cross section diagram of anti-loosening bolt structure with A-shaped anti-loosening clamp
4. Fastening screw 5, fastening nut 6, anti-loosening bolt 7, anti-loosening clamp 17, large hole inner wall also corresponding to anti-loosening bolt outer wall 18, anti-loosening bolt central cavity inner wall also corresponding to fastening nut peripheral line 19, anti-loosening hole upper alignment mark line 20, positioning alignment mark line on fastening nut
Detailed Description
The invention is further described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1.
The fastening screw anti-loosening method used on the automobile hub
The wheels of the automobile are fixed on the rotating disc at the outer end of the axle through a plurality of fastening screws, and the automobile vibrates and jolts when running at high speed for a long time, and the hub screws can loosen automatically. After one screw is loosened, the stress on other fastening screws is unbalanced, and the quick loosening of other screws is further influenced. Serious accidents that the wheels fall off when the automobile runs at high speed also occur. Therefore, the anti-loosening problem of the automobile hub screw is also a technical problem in the industry. The screw hole on the automobile hub is a typical stepped hole, and the anti-loosening method for fastening the screw in the stepped hole can achieve satisfactory effect.
According to the characteristics of the automobile hub, five stepped holes of fastening screws are designed on one hub, large holes of the stepped holes are designed to be non-circular anti-loosening holes with inner hexagonal shapes, and tying holes are further designed on the hub. The fastening screw is designed into a fastening bolt of a bolt structure, and the nut on the bolt is designed into a hexagonal nut. The outer wall of the anti-loosening bolt and the inner wall of the central cavity are also designed into a non-perfect-circle hexagonal structure. And (4) processing an anti-loosening hole and a tying hole on the hub according to a design scheme, and processing a fastening bolt and an anti-loosening bolt.
The process flow for installing the automobile hub with the anti-loosening function is as follows: firstly, screw rods (4) of five fastening bolts are installed on a screw hole, namely a component 1, (1) on a turntable at the outer end of a transmission shaft, and all the screw rods are checked to be installed qualified. The prepared wheel is mounted on a turntable at the outer end of the axle, with each screw passing exactly through each threaded hole. And nuts (5) are installed according to a specified sequence, so that each nut reaches the fastening standard of initial screwing. And checking all the nuts, and after the nuts are accurate, fastening the nuts (5) according to a specified sequence to ensure that all the nuts reach the fastening standard of final screwing, and simultaneously, positioning an outer angle on the hexagonal nut to align to a marking (20) and aligning to a marking (19) on the edge of the anti-loosening bolt. And checking all the nuts again, and entering the next link after confirming that the nuts are correct.
And finally, installing the anti-loosening bolt (6), aligning six outer corners of the anti-loosening bolt with six inner corners of the anti-loosening hole from the anti-loosening bolt, slowly pressing the anti-loosening bolt into the anti-loosening hole, sleeving the fastening nut (5) into a central cavity of the anti-loosening bolt along with the penetration of the anti-loosening bolt, continuously penetrating the anti-loosening bolt, completely installing the main body of the anti-loosening bolt into the anti-loosening hole all the time, and only keeping the top cover of the anti-loosening bolt to cover the opening of the anti-loosening hole. One end of the plastic covered binding wire penetrates through a rope penetrating hole in the top cover of the anti-loosening bolt and is fixed on the anti-loosening bolt, the other end of the plastic covered binding wire is tied on a tying hole in the hub, and the anti-loosening system of one set of fastening bolt is installed. Therefore, the fastening bolt, the anti-loosening bolt and the anti-loosening hole in the stepped hole are connected into a whole. That is, the hub bolts and the anti-loosening bolts are coupled with the hub body as one body. The anti-loosening bolt is finally tied on the hub, and the nut in the stepped hole cannot be loosened automatically as long as the anti-loosening bolt is not separated. The reliability of the fastening bolt is improved fundamentally, and the potential safety hazard that the hub bolt is loosened automatically is eliminated. And then other bolts are installed according to the steps and the sequence. After the five sets of anti-loosening screw systems on one hub are all installed, the assembly work of one hub is completed.

Claims (5)

1. A locking method for fastening screws in stepped holes is characterized in that: the integral screw anti-loosening structure consists of an in-hole screw, an anti-loosening bolt and an anti-loosening hole, wherein the type of the in-hole screw comprises but is not limited to a screw with a bolt structure, a screw with a stud structure, a screw with a nut-free screw structure (comprising an outer hexagonal head screw and an inner hexagonal head screw), a large hole of a stepped hole with an anti-loosening function is called an anti-loosening hole, the anti-loosening hole comprises two types, the first type is a regular circular hole, 1-12 anti-loosening clamping grooves are arranged on the inner wall of the regular circular hole, the second type is a non-regular circular hole, the anti-loosening bolt is like a hollow plug with a cover, 1-12 anti-loosening clamps are arranged on the outer wall of the anti-loosening bolt, the anti-loosening clamps are closely embedded with the anti-loosening clamping grooves on the inner wall of the anti-loosening hole, the shape of a central cavity of the anti-loosening bolt is the same as that of the nut or the screw head, the screw that has installed can not expose outside the anti-loosening hole, in the locking draw-in groove installation income locking hole of aligning the locking card of anti-loosening bolt to the anti-loosening hole of anti-loosening hole again, with the nut of screw in the shoulder hole or the screw rod head inlay set in the central cavity of anti-loosening bolt, the outer wall of anti-loosening bolt and the inner wall of anti-loosening hole are in the same place through anti-loosening card and locking draw-in groove inseparable closely simultaneously, make the nut of screw in the shoulder hole or the screw rod head and anti-loosening bolt and the hookup of the structure three of fastening as an organic whole.
2. The method for preventing loosening of the screw in the stepped hole as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the edge of a top cover of the anti-loosening bolt is provided with a rope penetrating hole, one or more annular head screws or tying holes are arranged on a fastened structural member, and after the anti-loosening bolt is completely installed, plastic-coated tying wires penetrate through the rope penetrating hole to tie the anti-loosening bolt to the adjacent annular head screws or tying holes or tie all the anti-loosening bolts to one annular head screw or tying hole.
3. The utility model provides a locking hole and anti-loosening bolt, characterized by: the stepped hole with anti-loosening function is characterized by that on the inner wall of regular circular large hole 1-12 anti-loosening clamping grooves are set or the regular circular large hole is changed into non-regular circular large hole, so that the large hole of the stepped hole can produce new anti-loosening function, and the anti-loosening bolt is like a hollow plug with cover, after the fastening screw in the stepped hole is mounted, the anti-loosening bolt can be plugged into the anti-loosening hole, so that the central cavity of the anti-loosening bolt and nut or screw head of the fastening screw can be tightly embedded together, at the same time the anti-loosening clamp on the anti-loosening bolt and anti-loosening clamping grooves on the inner wall of the anti-loosening hole can.
4. A locking hole and a locking pin as defined in claim 3, wherein: the stepped hole with the anti-loosening function is characterized in that 1-12 longitudinal anti-loosening clamping grooves are formed in the inner wall of a large hole of the stepped hole, the cross section of each anti-loosening clamping groove comprises a U shape, a V shape, a semicircle shape, a wave shape, a sawtooth shape and other shapes, the length of each anti-loosening clamping groove is the same as or slightly smaller than the depth of the large hole, the width of a notch of each anti-loosening clamping groove is 1-20 millimeters, the depth of each anti-loosening clamping groove is 1-20 millimeters, the large hole of each anti-loosening hole can also be made into a non-regular circular hole, and the non-regular circular hole comprises a triangular hole, a quadrangular hole, a pentagonal hole, a hexagonal hole, an octagonal hole, a 12-angle hole, an elliptical hole.
5. A locking hole and a locking pin as defined in claim 3, wherein: the anti-loosening plug is made of metal or hard plastic, the length of the anti-loosening plug entering the anti-loosening hole is the same as or slightly less than the depth of the anti-loosening hole, the cross section of the anti-loosening plug can be in a perfect circle shape, 1-12 anti-loosening clamps protruding longitudinally are arranged on the outer wall of the perfect circle anti-loosening plug, the cross section of each anti-loosening clamp is in an n shape, an A shape, a semicircle shape, a wave shape, a sawtooth shape and other shapes, the length of each anti-loosening clamp is the same as or smaller than that of the anti-loosening plug, the opening width and the height of each anti-loosening clamp are closely matched with the anti-loosening clamp groove, the cross section of the anti-loosening plug can also be in a non-perfect circle shape, the shape of the outer wall of the non-perfect circle comprises but is not limited to a triangle, a quadrangle, a pentagon, a hexagon, an octagon, a 12 horn, an ellipse, the anti-loosening bolt and the anti-loosening hole on one component are required to be in the same shape and are closely matched, the shape and the size of a central cavity of the anti-loosening bolt are required to be consistent with the shape and the size of a nut or a screw head of a fastening screw and are required to be closely embedded, the anti-loosening bolt is provided with a top cover, the thickness of the top cover is 1-10 mm, the diameter of the top cover is larger than that of a large hole, after the anti-loosening bolt is installed, the top cover is required to be outside the anti-loosening hole, the top cover is tightly attached to one surface of the anti-loosening hole and is required to be manufactured into a chamfer, the anti-loosening bolt can be conveniently detached, a rope penetrating hole is formed in the edge of the top.
CN201811029416.0A 2018-09-04 2018-09-04 Anti-loosening method for fastening screw in stepped hole, anti-loosening hole and anti-loosening bolt Pending CN110873112A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811029416.0A CN110873112A (en) 2018-09-04 2018-09-04 Anti-loosening method for fastening screw in stepped hole, anti-loosening hole and anti-loosening bolt

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811029416.0A CN110873112A (en) 2018-09-04 2018-09-04 Anti-loosening method for fastening screw in stepped hole, anti-loosening hole and anti-loosening bolt

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CN110873112A true CN110873112A (en) 2020-03-10

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1347817A (en) * 1971-10-19 1974-02-27 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Screw or nut locking element
JPH06330925A (en) * 1993-05-20 1994-11-29 Sanyu Sekkei:Kk Loosening stop cap for bolt and nut
US5624218A (en) * 1995-09-12 1997-04-29 Dauwalter; Charles G. Safety lock device for screw fasteners
CN202811776U (en) * 2012-09-14 2013-03-20 南车资阳机车有限公司 Anti-loosening cover for nut under surface
CN205533703U (en) * 2016-03-20 2016-08-31 深圳带路科技有限公司 Check bolt device
CN108386439A (en) * 2018-03-05 2018-08-10 王卫国 A kind of fastened by screw component of never becoming loose

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1347817A (en) * 1971-10-19 1974-02-27 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Screw or nut locking element
JPH06330925A (en) * 1993-05-20 1994-11-29 Sanyu Sekkei:Kk Loosening stop cap for bolt and nut
US5624218A (en) * 1995-09-12 1997-04-29 Dauwalter; Charles G. Safety lock device for screw fasteners
CN202811776U (en) * 2012-09-14 2013-03-20 南车资阳机车有限公司 Anti-loosening cover for nut under surface
CN205533703U (en) * 2016-03-20 2016-08-31 深圳带路科技有限公司 Check bolt device
CN108386439A (en) * 2018-03-05 2018-08-10 王卫国 A kind of fastened by screw component of never becoming loose

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