CN110868724B - Indoor signal coverage method - Google Patents

Indoor signal coverage method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110868724B
CN110868724B CN201910978279.3A CN201910978279A CN110868724B CN 110868724 B CN110868724 B CN 110868724B CN 201910978279 A CN201910978279 A CN 201910978279A CN 110868724 B CN110868724 B CN 110868724B
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radiation
radiating
radio frequency
signals
elements
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CN110868724A (en
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刘巍滟
刘类英
冯愉
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Neijiang Ximayala Network Technology Co ltd
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Neijiang Ximayala Network Technology Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/18Network planning tools
    • H04W16/20Network planning tools for indoor coverage or short range network deployment
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/42Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an indoor signal covering method, which comprises the following steps: s1, the radio frequency transmission line joint receives the radio frequency signal from the base station; s2, the power divider equally divides the radio frequency signal into two beams of signals with equal power, and respectively transmits the two beams of signals to two groups of radiating elements which are arranged in mirror symmetry; s3, the first radiating element and the second radiating element on the two groups of radiating elements receive the radio frequency signals respectively and send the radiating signals with increasing field intensity to form a rectangular coverage area in the indoor space. The first radiating element and the second radiating element are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, so that the relative isolation of the two radiating elements is ensured, the mutual influence between the two radiating elements is reduced, the gain of the antenna can be improved to 9-10dbi, and the radio frequency field intensity coverage requirement of the 5G antenna is met.

Description

Indoor signal covering method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of indoor communication, in particular to an indoor signal coverage method.
Background
The indoor signal coverage generally adopts an antenna array, and is divided into a plurality of radiation nodes for signal coverage, each radiation node is a miniature antenna array, at present, the directional diagram of the field intensity of the miniature antenna array used is vertically downward, the coverage width of the field intensity of the radiation signal is limited, and the field intensity is gradually weakened from the middle to two ends in the coverage area, so that the field intensity distribution of the indoor radiation signal is uneven, and the receiving effect of the mobile terminal is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the high-performance antenna array with uniform field intensity coverage, the coverage width of the field intensity of the radiation signal is large, the field intensity distribution is uniform, and the receiving effect of the mobile terminal is good.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a high-performance antenna array with uniform field intensity coverage comprises a plurality of node type miniature antenna arrays which are uniformly distributed indoors, wherein each miniature antenna array comprises a mounting plate and a plurality of antennas which are arranged on the mounting plate and are parallel to each other, each antenna comprises a shell and a medium substrate arranged in the shell, two first radiation elements which are distributed in a mirror symmetry mode are arranged on the surface of one side of the medium substrate, each first radiation element is a strip-shaped radiation element with gradually-changed width, the width of each first radiation element gradually narrows from one end to the other end, and the narrower ends of the two first radiation elements are opposite; the middle part of the medium substrate is provided with a radio frequency transmission line joint, and the output end of the radio frequency transmission line joint is respectively connected with the narrower ends of the two first radiating elements through a power divider; the inner bottom of the shell is provided with the metal foil, so that ineffective back radiation of the antenna can be reduced.
The width of the first radiation unit on the antenna is gradually increased from the middle part of the antenna to the far end of the antenna, the signal radiation directional diagram of the antenna is in an inclined elliptical shape, one end of the long diameter of the ellipse is positioned at the antenna, the other end of the long diameter of the ellipse is positioned at the inclined lower part far away from the antenna, and the width of the radiation element on the antenna is gradually increased towards the outer side, so that the strongest point (and the field intensity maximum point) of the radiation signal emitted by the antenna is positioned below the far end of the field intensity coverage range of the antenna, and further the rectangular radiation area (the length of the rectangular area is the projection length of the long diameter of the antenna inclined elliptical signal radiation directional diagram on the horizontal plane) of the antenna in the space, the width of the rectangular area is the projection length of the long diameter of the antenna inclined elliptical signal radiation directional diagram on the vertical plane, and the field intensity coverage of the rectangular area is gradually weakened from the far end to the antenna, the intensity difference of the field intensity can compensate the loss of the signal when the signal is transmitted to the far end, and then the antenna forms a rectangular radiation area with uniform field intensity distribution in a space range, the receiving effect of the mobile terminal is improved, and the high performance of the antenna in indoor radiation signals is ensured. Two first radiating elements with gradually-changed widths, which are distributed in a mirror symmetry mode, are arranged, the radio-frequency transmission line joint receives radio-frequency signals from a base station, the radio-frequency signals are equally distributed to the two first radiating elements through the power distributor, two symmetrical rectangular radiating areas taking the antenna as the center are formed in space, and the coverage range is wider.
Preferably, the first radiating element is a rattan-shaped gradient microstrip antenna array formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of first metal patches through a first metal strip, and the plurality of first metal patches and the first metal strip are integrally formed.
The adoption of the rattan-shaped gradually-changed microstrip antenna array forms anisotropic waveguide radiation, so that the radiation signals emitted by the radiation elements are more uniform and stable in the process of being transmitted to a far end.
Preferably, two second radiation elements which are distributed in a mirror symmetry manner are arranged on the surface of the other side of the dielectric substrate, each second radiation element is a rattan-shaped gradual-change microstrip antenna array formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of second metal patches through a second metal strip, the plurality of second metal patches and the second metal strips are integrally formed, the plurality of second metal patches correspond to the positions between two adjacent first metal patches one by one, and the narrower ends of the two second radiation elements are opposite; the narrower ends of the two second radiating elements are respectively connected with the narrower ends of the two first radiating elements.
The first radiating element and the second radiating element are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, so that the relative isolation of the two radiating elements is ensured, the mutual influence between the two radiating elements is reduced, the gain of the antenna can be improved to 9-10dbi, and the radio frequency field intensity coverage requirement of the 5G antenna is met. The first metal patches on the first radiating elements and the second metal patches on the second radiating elements are arranged in a staggered mode, the gradient directions of the first radiating elements and the second radiating elements are consistent, the first radiating elements and the second radiating elements jointly form a special-shaped waveguide microstrip antenna array, so that the antenna forms a uniform rectangular coverage area along the rattan-shaped transmission direction, radiation signals with uniform amplitude and phase and uniform field intensity in a rectangular coverage area are formed in space, and the mobile terminal can receive uniform radiation signals with equal amplitude and equal phase when moving in the signal coverage area, and has a good receiving effect.
Preferably, the width gradient proportion of the plurality of first metal patches is 1.1-1.2, so that the uniformity and stability of the field intensity change of the radiation signal sent to the far end by the first radiation element are ensured, and meanwhile, the field intensity attenuation when the radiation signal is transmitted to the far end can be met.
Preferably, the width gradient proportion of the plurality of second metal patches is 1.1-1.2, so that the uniformity and stability of the field intensity change of the radiation signal sent to the far end by the second radiation element are ensured, and meanwhile, the field intensity attenuation when the radiation signal is transmitted to the far end can be met.
Preferably, the shell is made of transparent materials, so that the antenna can be better integrated into an indoor environment, and the invisible and camouflage effects of the antenna are improved.
The invention also provides a method for covering indoor signals by applying the antenna array, which adopts the technical scheme as follows:
an indoor signal coverage method, comprising the steps of:
s1, the radio frequency transmission line joint receives the radio frequency signal from the base station;
s2, the power divider equally divides the radio frequency signal into two beams of signals with equal power, and respectively transmits the two beams of signals to two groups of radiating elements which are arranged in mirror symmetry;
s3, the first radiating element and the second radiating element on the two groups of radiating elements receive the radio frequency signals respectively and send the radiating signals with increasing field intensity to form a rectangular coverage area in the indoor space.
Preferably, step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
s31, dividing the power of the radio frequency signal into two beams of radio frequency signals between the first radiating element and the second radiating element on each group of radiating elements;
s32, the two beams of radio frequency signals pass through a first metal patch on the first radiating element and a second metal patch on the second radiating element respectively;
s33, respectively emitting radiation signals with gradually increasing field intensity to an indoor rectangular area by the first metal patch on the first radiation element and the second metal patch on the second radiation element, so that a directional diagram of the radiation signals is in an inclined elliptical shape, and the strongest point of the field intensity of the radiation signals emitted by the first radiation element and the second radiation element is positioned below the far end of the radiation area;
s34, the field intensity of the radiation signal sent by the first radiation element and the second radiation element increases to balance the field intensity attenuation of the radiation signal in the process of transmitting to the far end, and a rectangular radiation area with uniform field intensity distribution is formed in the indoor space.
Preferably, the radio frequency signal in step S31 is distributed between the first radiating element and the second radiating element of each group of radiating elements in any ratio.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the antenna of the invention forms two symmetrical rectangular radiation areas taking the antenna as the center in space, the coverage area is wider, the field intensity of the radiation signal in each rectangular radiation area is uniform, and the receiving effect of the mobile terminal is good.
2. The radiation element adopts a rattan-shaped gradually-changed microstrip antenna array to form anisotropic waveguide radiation, so that a radiation signal emitted by the radiation element is more uniform and stable in the process of transmitting to a far end.
3. The first radiating element and the second radiating element are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, so that the relative isolation of the two radiating elements is ensured, the mutual influence between the two radiating elements is reduced, the gain of the antenna can be improved to 9-10dbi, and the radio frequency field intensity coverage requirement of the 5G antenna is met. The first metal patches on the first radiating elements and the second metal patches on the second radiating elements are arranged in a staggered mode, the gradient directions of the first radiating elements and the second radiating elements are consistent, the first radiating elements and the second radiating elements jointly form a special-shaped waveguide microstrip antenna array, so that the antenna forms a uniform rectangular coverage area along the rattan-shaped transmission direction, radiation signals with uniform amplitude and phase and uniform field intensity in a rectangular coverage area are formed in space, and the mobile terminal can receive uniform radiation signals with equal amplitude and equal phase when moving in the signal coverage area, and has a good receiving effect.
4. The gradual change proportion of the widths of the first metal patches is 1.1-1.2, so that the uniformity and stability of the field intensity change of the radiation signal sent to the far end by the first radiation element are ensured, and meanwhile, the field intensity attenuation when the radiation signal is transmitted to the far end can be met.
5. The width gradient proportion of the second metal patches is 1.1-1.2, so that the uniformity and stability of the field intensity change of the radiation signal sent to the far end by the second radiation element are ensured, and meanwhile, the field intensity attenuation when the radiation signal is transmitted to the far end can be met.
6. The shell is made of transparent materials, so that the antenna can be better integrated into an indoor environment, and the invisible and camouflage effects of the antenna are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of an indoor high performance antenna array with uniform field intensity coverage according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of an indoor high performance antenna array with uniform field intensity coverage according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a dielectric substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a bottom view of a dielectric substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a special-shaped waveguide microstrip antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a directional diagram of a radiation signal of a prior art antenna;
fig. 7 is a radiation pattern of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals:
1. mounting a plate; 2. an antenna; 21. a housing; 22. a dielectric substrate; 23. a radio frequency transmission line connector; 24. a metal foil; 25. a first radiating element; 251. a first metal patch; 252. a first metal strip; 26. a second radiating element; 261. a second metal patch; 262. a second metal strip; 27. a power divider.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example (b):
as shown in fig. 1-3, a high performance antenna array with uniform field intensity coverage includes a plurality of node type micro antenna arrays uniformly distributed in a room, where the micro antenna array includes a mounting plate 1 and a plurality of antennas 2 arranged on the mounting plate 1 and parallel to each other, the antennas 2 include a housing 21 and a dielectric substrate 22 arranged in the housing 21, two first radiating elements 25 distributed in mirror symmetry are arranged on one side surface of the dielectric substrate 22, the first radiating elements 25 are strip-shaped radiating elements with gradually changing widths gradually narrowing from one end to the other end, and narrower ends of the two first radiating elements 25 are opposite; the middle part of the dielectric substrate 22 is provided with a radio frequency transmission line connector 23, and the output end of the radio frequency transmission line connector 23 is respectively connected with the narrower ends of the two first radiating elements 25 through a power divider 27; the inner bottom of the housing 21 is provided with a metal foil 24 which reduces the ineffective back radiation of the antenna 2.
In the antenna 2 of the present invention, the width of the first radiation element on the antenna 2 gradually increases from the middle of the antenna 2 to the far end thereof, as shown in fig. 7, the signal radiation pattern of the antenna 2 is in an inclined elliptical shape, one end of the major diameter of the ellipse is located at the antenna 2, the other end of the major diameter of the ellipse is located obliquely below the antenna 2, because the width of the radiation element on the antenna 2 gradually increases towards the outside, the strongest point B (and the maximum field strength point) of the radiation signal emitted by the antenna 2 is located below the far end of the field strength coverage range of the antenna 2, and further the rectangular radiation area of the antenna 2 in space (the length of the rectangular area is the projection length of the major diameter of the inclined elliptical signal radiation pattern of the antenna 2 on the horizontal plane, and the width of the rectangular area is the projection length of the major diameter of the inclined elliptical signal radiation pattern of the antenna 2 on the vertical plane), the intensity of the field intensity coverage is gradually weakened from the far end to the antenna 2, the intensity difference of the field intensity can make up the loss when the signal is transmitted to the far end, and then the antenna 2 forms a rectangular radiation area with uniform field intensity distribution in a space range, the receiving effect of the mobile terminal is improved, and the high performance of the antenna 2 in indoor radiation signals is ensured. Two first radiating elements 25 with gradually-changed widths are arranged in mirror symmetry, the radio-frequency transmission line connector 23 receives radio-frequency signals from a base station and is equally divided into two first radiating elements by a power divider 27, two symmetrical rectangular radiating areas with the antenna 2 as the center are formed in space, and the coverage range is wider.
As shown in fig. 6, a strongest point a of a radiation signal emitted by an antenna 2 in the prior art in a radiation area is located at the center of the radiation area, so that the field strength of the radiation signal in the whole radiation area gradually decreases from the center to the edge, the field strength of the radiation signal in the radiation area is not uniform, and the receiving effect of the mobile terminal is not good.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the first radiating element 25 is a rattan-shaped tapered microstrip antenna array formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of first metal patches 251 through first metal strips 252, and the plurality of first metal patches 251 and the first metal strips 252 are integrally formed.
The adoption of the rattan-shaped gradually-changed microstrip antenna array forms anisotropic waveguide radiation, so that a radiation signal emitted by a radiation element is more uniform and stable in the process of transmitting to a far end.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, two second radiation elements 26 are arranged on the other side surface of the dielectric substrate 22, and the two second radiation elements 26 are distributed in a mirror symmetry manner, the second radiation elements 26 are a rattan-shaped graded microstrip antenna array formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of second metal patches 261 through a second metal strip 262, the plurality of second metal patches 261 and the second metal strip 262 are integrally formed, the plurality of second metal patches 261 are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with positions between two adjacent first metal patches 251, and narrower ends of the two second radiation elements 26 are opposite; the narrower ends of the two second radiating elements 26 are respectively connected with the narrower ends of the two first radiating elements 25.
The first radiating element 25 and the second radiating element 26 are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 22, so that the relative isolation of the two radiating elements is ensured, the mutual influence between the two radiating elements is reduced, the gain of the antenna 2 can be improved to 9-10dbi, and the radio frequency field intensity coverage requirement of the 5G antenna 2 is met. The first metal patches 251 on the first radiating elements 25 and the second metal patches 261 on the second radiating elements 26 are arranged in a staggered manner, and the gradient directions of the first radiating elements 25 and the second radiating elements 26 are consistent, so that the first radiating elements 25 and the second radiating elements 26 jointly form a special-shaped waveguide microstrip antenna array, and the antenna 2 forms a uniform rectangular coverage area along the rattan-shaped transmission direction, thereby forming radiation signals with uniform amplitude and phase within the rectangular coverage area and uniform field intensity in space, so that the mobile terminal can receive uniform radiation signals with equal amplitude and equal phase when moving within the signal coverage area, and has a good receiving effect.
In one embodiment, the width gradient ratio of the plurality of first metal patches 251 is 1.1-1.2, which ensures uniform and stable field intensity variation of the radiation signal emitted to the far end by the first radiation element 25, and at the same time, can satisfy field intensity attenuation when the radiation signal is transmitted to the far end.
In one embodiment, the width gradient ratio of the plurality of second metal patches 261 is 1.1-1.2, which ensures the uniformity and stability of the field intensity variation of the radiation signal emitted from the second radiation element 26 to the far end, and at the same time, can satisfy the field intensity attenuation when the radiation signal is transmitted to the far end.
In one embodiment, the housing 21 is made of a transparent material, so that the antenna 2 can be better integrated into an indoor environment, and the invisible and camouflage effects of the antenna 2 are improved.
An indoor signal coverage method, comprising the steps of:
s1, the radio frequency transmission line joint receives the radio frequency signal from the base station;
s2, the power divider equally divides the radio frequency signal into two beams of signals with equal power, and respectively transmits the two beams of signals to two groups of radiating elements which are arranged in mirror symmetry;
s3, the first radiating element and the second radiating element on the two groups of radiating elements receive the radio frequency signals respectively and send the radiating signals with increasing field intensity to form a rectangular coverage area in the indoor space.
In one embodiment, step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
s31, dividing the power of the radio frequency signal into two beams of radio frequency signals between the first radiating element and the second radiating element on each group of radiating elements;
S32, the two beams of radio frequency signals pass through a first metal patch on the first radiating element and a second metal patch on the second radiating element respectively;
s33, respectively emitting radiation signals with gradually increasing field intensity to an indoor rectangular area by the first metal patch on the first radiation element and the second metal patch on the second radiation element, so that a directional diagram of the radiation signals is in an inclined elliptical shape, and the strongest point of the field intensity of the radiation signals emitted by the first radiation element and the second radiation element is positioned below the far end of the radiation area;
s34, the field intensity of the radiation signal sent by the first radiation element and the second radiation element increases to balance the field intensity attenuation of the radiation signal in the process of transmitting to the far end, and a rectangular radiation area with uniform field intensity distribution is formed in the indoor space.
In one embodiment, the rf signal in step S31 is distributed between the first radiating element and the second radiating element of each group of radiating elements in any ratio.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. An indoor signal coverage method, comprising the steps of:
s1, the radio frequency transmission line joint receives the radio frequency signal from the base station;
s2, the power divider equally divides the radio frequency signal into two beams of signals with equal power, and respectively transmits the two beams of signals to two groups of radiating elements which are arranged in mirror symmetry;
s3, respectively receiving radio frequency signals by the first radiating element and the second radiating element on the two groups of radiating elements, sending the radiating signals with gradually increased field intensity, and forming a rectangular coverage area in the indoor space;
wherein, two first radiation elements distributed in mirror symmetry are arranged on one side surface of the medium substrate, the first radiation elements are strip-shaped gradual change type radiation elements with the width gradually narrowing from one end to the other end, the narrower ends of the two first radiation elements are opposite, the first radiation elements are rattan gradual change microstrip antenna arrays formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of first metal patches through first metal strips, the plurality of first metal patches and the first metal strips are integrally formed, the rattan gradual change microstrip antenna arrays are adopted to form opposite waveguide radiation, so that radiation signals emitted by the radiation elements are more uniform and stable in the process of being transmitted to the far end, two second radiation elements distributed in mirror symmetry are arranged on the other side surface of the medium substrate, the second radiation elements are rattan gradual change microstrip antenna arrays formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of second metal patches through second metal strips, the second metal patches and the second metal belt are integrally formed, the second metal patches correspond to the positions between two adjacent first metal patches one by one respectively, and the narrow ends of the two second radiating elements are opposite; the narrower ends of the two second radiating elements are respectively connected with the narrower ends of the two first radiating elements.
2. The indoor signal covering method according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 specifically includes the steps of:
s31, dividing the power of the radio frequency signal into two beams of radio frequency signals between the first radiating element and the second radiating element on each group of radiating elements;
s32, the two beams of radio frequency signals pass through a first metal patch on the first radiating element and a second metal patch on the second radiating element respectively;
s33, respectively transmitting radiation signals with gradually increasing field intensity to an indoor rectangular area by the first metal patch on the first radiation element and the second metal patch on the second radiation element, so that a directional diagram of the radiation signals is in an inclined elliptical shape, and the strongest point of the field intensity of the radiation signals transmitted by the first radiation element and the second radiation element is positioned below the far end of the radiation area;
s34, the field intensity of the radiation signal sent by the first radiation element and the second radiation element increases to balance the field intensity attenuation of the radiation signal in the process of transmitting to the far end, and a rectangular radiation area with uniform field intensity distribution is formed in the indoor space.
3. The indoor signal covering method of claim 2, wherein the radio frequency signal in step S31 is distributed in any ratio between the first radiating element and the second radiating element on each group of radiating elements.
CN201910978279.3A 2019-10-15 2019-10-15 Indoor signal coverage method Active CN110868724B (en)

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CN112103664B (en) * 2020-10-15 2023-05-02 内江喜马雅拉网络技术有限公司 Combined antenna array for ceiling

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106785388A (en) * 2016-12-09 2017-05-31 安徽四创电子股份有限公司 A kind of series feed micro-strip array antenna
CN109638437A (en) * 2018-12-07 2019-04-16 长沙瑞感电子科技有限公司 A kind of MIMO millimeter wave microstrip antenna array
CN210272677U (en) * 2019-10-15 2020-04-07 内江喜马雅拉网络技术有限公司 Indoor high-performance antenna array with uniform field intensity coverage

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