CN110865581A - NB-IOT-based gas monitoring system and method - Google Patents
NB-IOT-based gas monitoring system and method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0428—Safety, monitoring
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B19/00—Alarms responsive to two or more different undesired or abnormal conditions, e.g. burglary and fire, abnormal temperature and abnormal rate of flow
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/08—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by repeating transmission, e.g. Verdan system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
- H04W4/38—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for collecting sensor information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/80—Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0261—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level
- H04W52/0274—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level by switching on or off the equipment or parts thereof
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Abstract
The invention discloses a gas monitoring system based on NB-IOT, which comprises a microprocessor, a gas sensor, a pressure sensor, a memory, a power module, an NB-IOT module and a Bluetooth module, wherein the NB-IOT module is connected with the microprocessor; the gas sensor is used for detecting the gas concentration; the pressure sensor is used for detecting gas pressure; the power supply module is used for providing power supply required by the microprocessor; the memory is used for caching data to be sent; and the microprocessor is used for controlling the power supply on-off and working modes of the gas sensor, the pressure sensor, the NB-IOT module and the Bluetooth module so as to reduce the power consumption. The invention also discloses a monitoring method, which comprises the following steps: s01, collecting the gas concentration or/and pressure at certain intervals, and caching in the memory; and S02, sending the cache data in the memory to the server through the NB-IOT module at preset communication time intervals. The system and the method have the advantages of low power consumption, long service life, high reliability, simple and convenient maintenance and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to the technical field of gas monitoring, in particular to a gas monitoring system and a gas monitoring method based on NB-IOT.
Background
The gas pipe network is used as a capillary vessel of a city, the safety of the gas pipe network directly affects thousands of families in the city, and gas leakage events are frequent due to the reasons of corrosion and natural damage of pipeline metal and the like. In recent years, the safety accidents caused by gas leakage in China are over 900 years old, and most of the safety accidents mainly take micro leakage as the main reason. The gas leakage not only causes energy waste and environmental pollution, but also threatens the life and property safety of people. The conventional gas leakage monitoring means mainly adopts manual inspection, and the optimal maintenance time is easy to miss due to the fact that the manual inspection does not have continuity and long-time continuous monitoring capability.
The gas monitoring system is equipment with on-site gas data acquisition, data processing, data analysis and data transmission. The whole power consumption of the existing gas monitoring system is large, the service life of the battery is difficult to guarantee on the premise of meeting the real-time performance, and therefore, the whole real-time performance is abandoned for improving the service life of the battery by part of manufacturers. If the real-time performance is not guaranteed, when the gas leaks quickly, the system cannot trigger an alarm mechanism in time, and personnel and economic losses are easily caused; if the service life of the battery cannot be controlled in a reasonable interval, the labor and material cost can be increased by frequently replacing the battery, and the service life and the real-time performance of the battery are contradictory and cannot be compatible. For example, the existing gas monitoring system mainly adopts the modes of GPRS, 4G, NB-IOT, WIFI, ZIGBEE and the like to realize data transmission between the sensing terminal and the remote server. The power consumption of the GPRS and 4G communication mode terminal is too high (for example, the power consumption is 3mA in a sleep mode by a remote EC20 module), and the standby time can be maintained for about 4.5 months by adopting a 10AH battery for standby (without considering the power consumption of other circuits). WIFI and ZIGBEE are generally used for household gas monitoring systems. And the power consumption of the NB-IOT module can also reach about 100mA in a transmitting mode. The existing sensing terminal is limited by the service life of a battery, and the service life of the battery is difficult to guarantee on the premise of guaranteeing real-time performance.
Meanwhile, the gas monitoring system is also a remote data acquisition system. The equipment exchanges data with a remote server through a wireless network, and is influenced by equipment installation environment, network environment and the like, the system is difficult to avoid faults such as network injection failure, data transmission failure and the like, the existing equipment solves the problem through repeated retransmission at equal intervals, and if the data to be sent are alarm data, but the network signal strength is weak and basically has no change in a short time, the data are lost, and safety hidden dangers are easy to bring.
In addition, when the equipment fails and cannot communicate, the client cannot judge the type and the reason of the failure. The existing alarm can judge basic faults such as low battery power, high/low ambient temperature, high ambient humidity and the like at a remote end, if equipment is disconnected, the fault is not left, and only simple faults can be eliminated after the equipment is on site.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a low-power consumption NB-IOT-based gas monitoring system and a monitoring method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a gas monitoring system based on NB-IOT comprises a microprocessor, a gas sensor, a pressure sensor, a memory, a power supply module, an NB-IOT module and a Bluetooth module; the gas sensor is used for detecting the gas concentration and sending the gas concentration to the microprocessor; the pressure sensor is used for detecting gas pressure and sending the gas pressure to the microprocessor; the power supply module is used for providing power supply required by the microprocessor; the memory is used for caching data to be sent; and the microprocessor is respectively connected with the gas sensor, the pressure sensor, the NB-IOT module and the Bluetooth module and is used for controlling the power supply on-off and working mode of the gas sensor, the pressure sensor, the NB-IOT module and the Bluetooth module so as to reduce the power consumption.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution:
in an idle mode, the microprocessor controls the NB-IOT module to be in a PSM mode, and controls the Bluetooth module and the pressure sensor to be in a power-off state.
The power supply module is connected with the microprocessor, and is used for monitoring the power information of the power module and sending the power information to the microprocessor.
The invention also discloses a monitoring method based on the NB-IOT-based gas monitoring system, which comprises the following steps:
s01, collecting the gas concentration or/and pressure at certain intervals, and caching in the memory;
and S02, sending the cache data in the memory to the server through the NB-IOT module at preset communication time intervals.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution:
in step S01, the gas concentration and/or pressure collected this time is compared with the value collected last time, and when the difference between the two exceeds the set threshold, the gas concentration and/or pressure is stored in the memory, otherwise, the gas concentration and/or pressure is discarded.
In step S01, when the collected gas concentration or/and pressure is greater than a preset alarm value, an alarm is given.
In idle mode, the NB-IOT module is in PSM mode, and the bluetooth module and the pressure sensor are in a powered-off state.
In step S02, when the data transmission fails, the retransmission mechanism is automatically triggered, and the interval time of the retransmission is gradually adjusted according to the current retransmission times; when the retransmission times reach the maximum retransmission times, the data in the buffer area is abandoned; wherein the more the retransmission times, the longer the interval time of the retransmission.
Before step S01, the method further includes preprocessing: after the connection of the Bluetooth module, entering a debugging mode for setting system parameters and reading system logs; the system parameters comprise one or more of electric quantity alarm threshold setting, concentration alarm threshold setting, pressure abnormity threshold setting, acquisition time setting or sending time setting.
The method further comprises monitoring the electric quantity of the power module, and when the electric quantity is at a low electric quantity threshold value, giving an alarm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the NB-IOT based gas monitoring system reduces power consumption by controlling the power supply on-off and working modes of the gas sensor, the pressure sensor, the NB-IOT module and the Bluetooth module; for example, in the idle mode, the microprocessor controls the NB-IOT module to be in the PSM mode and controls the Bluetooth module and the pressure sensor to be in the power-off state, so that the whole power consumption is reduced by the maximum program.
(2) According to the NB-IOT-based gas monitoring method, data are collected and sent according to the specified times in the preset time period, and in the idle time period, each hardware is controlled to be in a power off state, so that the power consumption is reduced; in addition, during data storage, the secondary data is discarded when the secondary data is basically the same as the last data, so that the data storage operation of the MCU on the buffer area is reduced, and the power consumption is further reduced.
(3) The NB-IOT-based gas monitoring method automatically triggers a retransmission mechanism after data transmission fails, the interval time of retransmission is gradually adjusted according to the current retransmission times, and the retransmission is abandoned when the maximum retransmission times is exceeded, so that the reliability of data transmission is ensured.
(4) The invention greatly reduces the power consumption of the gas monitoring system by selecting the hardware such as a low-power consumption gas sensor, a low-power consumption microprocessor, a low-power consumption RTC chip and the like; meanwhile, time-sharing and sectional processing is utilized on software, so that the service life of the battery is prolonged to the greatest extent on the premise of ensuring the real-time performance of the system; meanwhile, the traditional data retransmission mechanism is optimized, the debugging mode is increased, and the robustness and maintainability of the system are greatly enhanced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an alarm of the present invention in an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a method flow diagram of an embodiment of the method of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a debugging method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures denote: 1. a microprocessor; 2. a gas sensor; 3. a pressure sensor; 4. a memory; 5. a real-time clock; 6. a power supply module; 7. an electric quantity monitoring unit; 8. an NB-IOT module; 9. and a Bluetooth module.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments of the description.
As shown in fig. 1, the NB-IOT-based gas monitoring system of the present embodiment includes a microprocessor 1, a gas sensor 2, a pressure sensor 3, a memory 4, a real-time clock 5, a power module 6, an NB-IOT module 8, and a bluetooth module 9; the gas sensor 2 is used for detecting the gas concentration in the gas well and sending the gas concentration to the microprocessor 1; the pressure sensor 3 is used for detecting the pressure in the gas pipeline and sending the pressure to the microprocessor 1; the power supply module 6 is used for providing power supply required by the microprocessor 1; the memory 4 is used for caching data to be sent; the real-time clock 5 is used for providing the current time; the Bluetooth module 9 is used for near-distance human-computer interaction; the NB-IOT module 8 is used for long-distance wireless data transmission; the microprocessor 1 is respectively connected with the gas sensor 2, the pressure sensor 3, the NB-IOT module 8 and the Bluetooth module 9 and is used for controlling the power supply on-off and working modes of the gas sensor 2, the pressure sensor 3, the NB-IOT module 8 and the Bluetooth module 9 so as to reduce power consumption; for example, in the idle mode, the microprocessor 1 controls the NB-IOT module 8 to be in the PSM mode, and controls the bluetooth module 9 and the pressure sensor 3 to be in the power-off state, thereby reducing the overall power consumption of the maximum program. In addition, a Narrow-Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is an important branch of the Internet of everything, the NB-IoT is constructed in a cellular network, only consumes about 180kHz bandwidth, can be directly deployed in a GSM network, a UMTS network or an LTE network so as to reduce the deployment cost and realize smooth upgrade, and has the characteristics of wide coverage, more connections, high speed, low cost, low power consumption, excellent architecture and the like.
In this embodiment, the power module 6 is further correspondingly provided with an electric quantity monitoring unit 7, and the electric quantity monitoring unit 7 is respectively connected with the power module 6 and the microprocessor 1, and is used for monitoring electric quantity information of the power module 6 and sending the information to the microprocessor 1, giving an alarm when the electric quantity is at a low electric quantity threshold value, and sending the information to the remote server through the NB-IOT module 8.
In this embodiment, each hardware module employs a low power consumption circuit. Wherein the microprocessor 1 selects STM32L151 series MCU with ultra-low power consumption of ST company, and STM32L151 is a high-performance ARM
The high-performance ultra-low power consumption 32-bit MCU of the M3RISC core, the highest working frequency is 32MHz, integrate the protection unit (MPU) of the memorizer 4, the high-speed embedded memorizer 4(256KB FLASH, 32KB RAM and 8KB EEPROM), and the enhanced I/O and peripheral connected to two APB buses, can set four modes of sleep, low-power consumption operation, low-power consumption sleep and stop, only consume 4.4uA of current in the low-power consumption sleep mode, it is the ideal choice of the low-power consumption alarm. The gas sensor 2 is a gas sensor 2CBQ-04, the power consumption of the sensor is less than 6mW when the sensor works normally, and the service life of the battery is prolonged to the maximum extent. In addition, except for the ultra-low power consumption gas sensor 2 and the microprocessor 1, the power supplies of the gas sensor 2, the pressure sensor 3, the Bluetooth module 9 and the NB-IOT module 8 are controlled power supplies (the on-off can be controlled by the MCU), and when the system is idle, the MCU can actively close corresponding peripheral equipment to reduce the power consumption of the system. In addition, the resistor series voltage division circuit and circuits such as IIC and SPI with pull-up resistors all select resistors with larger resistance values, and therefore the power consumption of the system is reduced.
As shown in fig. 2, the present invention also discloses a monitoring method based on the NB-IOT based gas monitoring system, which includes the steps of:
s01, collecting the gas concentration or/and pressure at certain intervals, and caching in the memory 4;
and S02, sending the cache data in the memory 4 to the server through the NB-IOT module 8 at preset communication time intervals.
The power consumption during remote data transmission is about 100mA, and the service life of the battery can be shortened by frequently sending data, so that a reasonable communication method is needed, and the service life of the battery is longest on the premise of meeting the real-time performance.
Specifically, the communication time periods are divided according to the peak time of gas consumption, so that the power consumption caused by long-time data uploading can be reduced, and the size of a data buffer area can also be reduced. One day is divided into 3 time periods as default: 5: 30-8: 30 in the morning, 11: 30-13: 30 in the noon and 17: 00-20: 00 in the afternoon. During these 3 time periods, the buffer data is sent once every hour, i.e. 11 times a day to the server. In addition, after the system is powered on, the gas concentration exceeds a set threshold or the gas pressure is lower than the set threshold, and the system immediately reports alarm data.
In this embodiment, in step S01, the gas concentration and/or pressure collected this time is compared with the value collected last time, and when the difference between the two exceeds the set threshold, the gas concentration and/or pressure is stored in the memory 4, otherwise, the gas concentration and/or pressure is discarded. The power consumption of the system is less than 10mA during data acquisition, in order to ensure the real-time performance of gas concentration acquisition, 25S gas concentration acquisition is defaulted by software (the acquisition time of an alarm required by the national standard is less than 30S), and the pressure value of a gas pipeline is acquired in 15 minutes. The system acquires concentration or pressure data and then compares the concentration or pressure data with the previous data, if the difference value of the two times of data exceeds a set threshold value, the data is stored, otherwise, the data is abandoned, so that the data storage operation of the MCU on the buffer area is reduced, and the power consumption is reduced (the data storage content needs to contain time information and information of each sensor, and the power consumption is increased by the excessively frequent read-write memory 4). In addition, when the concentration or/and the pressure of the collected gas is larger than a preset alarm value, an alarm is given. In addition, in the idle mode, the NB-IOT module 8 is in the PSM mode, and the bluetooth module 9 and the pressure sensor 3 are in the power-off state.
As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, in step S02, when data transmission fails, the retransmission mechanism is automatically triggered, and the interval time of retransmission is gradually adjusted according to the current retransmission times; when the retransmission times reach the maximum retransmission times, the data in the buffer area is abandoned; wherein the more the retransmission times, the longer the interval time of the retransmission. In order to ensure the reliability of data transmission, the system has a retransmission function. If the data fails to be transmitted 3 times continuously, the system automatically starts a retransmission mechanism, which is shown in fig. 3. The system automatically triggers the retransmission mechanism after the data transmission failure, and the retransmission interval is gradually adjusted according to the current retransmission times. When the current retransmission times is 1, the retransmission time interval is set to 2 minutes; when the current retransmission times is 2, the retransmission time interval is set to 4 minutes; when the current number of retransmissions is 3, the retransmission time interval is set to 6 minutes, and so on. If the current retransmission times exceeds the maximum retransmission times, the data in the current buffer area is discarded, and the retransmission time interval and the current retransmission times are reset to default values. In addition, the system has a watchdog function, and can prevent the program from 'running away'.
In this embodiment, before step S01, the method further includes: after being connected through the Bluetooth module 9, the system enters a debugging mode and is used for setting system parameters and reading system logs; the system parameters comprise one or more of electric quantity alarm threshold setting, concentration alarm threshold setting, pressure abnormity threshold setting, acquisition time setting or sending time setting. And modifying the corresponding value of the EEPROM in a debugging mode to realize parameter setting. The system log is used for determining the system running state by reading the memory data of the specified address and then inquiring the error type and the error fault table.
The invention greatly reduces the power consumption of the gas monitoring system by selecting the hardware such as the low-power consumption gas sensor 2, the low-power consumption microprocessor 1, the low-power consumption RTC chip and the like; meanwhile, time-sharing and sectional processing is utilized on software, so that the service life of the battery is prolonged to the greatest extent on the premise of ensuring the real-time performance of the system; meanwhile, the traditional data retransmission mechanism is optimized, the debugging mode is increased, and the robustness and maintainability of the system are greatly enhanced.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A gas monitoring system based on NB-IOT is characterized by comprising a microprocessor (1), a gas sensor (2), a pressure sensor (3), a memory (4), a power supply module (6), an NB-IOT module (8) and a Bluetooth module (9); the gas sensor (2) is used for detecting the gas concentration and sending the gas concentration to the microprocessor (1); the pressure sensor (3) is used for detecting gas pressure and sending the gas pressure to the microprocessor (1); the power supply module (6) is used for providing power supply required by the microprocessor (1); the memory (4) is used for caching data to be sent; the microprocessor (1) is respectively connected with the gas sensor (2), the pressure sensor (3), the NB-IOT module (8) and the Bluetooth module (9) and is used for controlling the power supply on-off and the working mode of the gas sensor (2), the pressure sensor (3), the NB-IOT module (8) and the Bluetooth module (9) so as to reduce power consumption.
2. The NB-IOT based gas monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein in an idle mode, the microprocessor (1) controls the NB-IOT module (8) in PSM mode, the bluetooth module (9) and the pressure sensor (3) in power-off state.
3. The NB-IOT based gas monitoring system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a power monitoring unit (7), wherein the power monitoring unit (7) is connected to the power module (6) and the microprocessor (1) respectively, and is configured to monitor the power information of the power module (6) and send the power information to the microprocessor (1).
4. A monitoring method of the NB-IOT based gas monitoring system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, comprising the steps of:
s01, collecting the gas concentration or/and pressure at certain intervals, and caching in the memory (4);
and S02, sending the cache data in the memory (4) to the server through the NB-IOT module (8) at preset communication time intervals.
5. The monitoring method according to claim 4, wherein in step S01, the gas concentration or/and pressure collected at the time is compared with the value collected at the last time, and when the difference between the two exceeds a set threshold value, the gas concentration or/and pressure is stored in the memory (4), otherwise, the gas concentration or/and pressure is discarded.
6. The monitoring method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein in step S01, when the collected gas concentration or/and pressure is greater than a preset alarm value, an alarm is given.
7. Monitoring method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that in idle mode the NB-IOT module (8) is in PSM mode, the Bluetooth module (9) and the pressure sensor (3) are in power-off state.
8. The monitoring method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein in step S02, when data transmission fails, a retransmission mechanism is automatically triggered, and the interval time of retransmission is gradually adjusted according to the current retransmission times; when the retransmission times reach the maximum retransmission times, the data in the buffer area is abandoned; wherein the more the retransmission times, the longer the interval time of the retransmission.
9. The monitoring method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that before step S01, the method further comprises preprocessing: after being connected through a Bluetooth module (9), the system enters a debugging mode and is used for setting system parameters and reading system logs; the system parameters comprise one or more of electric quantity alarm threshold setting, concentration alarm threshold setting, pressure abnormity threshold setting, acquisition time setting or sending time setting.
10. The monitoring method according to claim 4 or 5, further comprising monitoring the power of the power module (6), and performing an alarm prompt when the power is at a low power threshold.
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| CN112630376A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-04-09 | 上海申博信息系统工程有限公司 | Marine gas monitoring device using LoRa communication and low-power-consumption implementation method |
| CN113077618A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-07-06 | 广州市地狗灵机环境监测有限公司 | Wireless stay-supported displacement sensor system |
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