CN110864976B - Method for observing consumption length of stress oxidation interface of ceramic matrix composite - Google Patents
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- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N3/18—Performing tests at high or low temperatures
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- G01N23/20091—Measuring the energy-dispersion spectrum [EDS] of diffracted radiation
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
- G01N23/225—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material using electron or ion
- G01N23/2251—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material using electron or ion using incident electron beams, e.g. scanning electron microscopy [SEM]
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0073—Fatigue
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
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- G01N2203/0226—High temperature; Heating means
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N2223/09—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation secondary emission exo-electron emission
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
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- G01N2223/102—Different kinds of radiation or particles beta or electrons
Abstract
A method for observing the consumption length of a stress oxidation interface of a ceramic matrix composite can be used for visually observing the distribution of the consumption length of the interface at the crack of a matrix of the ceramic matrix composite and solving the technical problem that the consumption length of the interface is difficult to obtain by a test in a high-temperature stress oxidation environment. The invention is based on instruments such as a scanning electron microscope, an energy spectrometer and the like, observes the interface consumption length distribution of the ceramic matrix small composite material at the matrix crack under the stress oxidation environment, and has simple operation and accurate test result. The embodiment provided by the invention is simple and easy to implement, low in test cost and inherent in universality, and is not only suitable for observing the interface consumption length of the ceramic matrix small composite material, but also suitable for observing the interface consumption lengths of other unidirectional ceramic matrix composite materials. The observation scheme provided by the invention solves the problem of obtaining key parameters of mesomechanics modeling of the ceramic matrix small composite material in a stress oxidation environment, and lays a solid foundation for further simulating the residual mechanical properties of the material after oxidation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of observation of the consumption length of a stress oxidation interface of a ceramic matrix composite, and particularly relates to an observation method of the consumption length of the interface of a silicon carbide fiber toughened silicon carbide ceramic matrix small composite in a stress oxidation environment.
Background
The silicon carbide fiber toughened silicon carbide ceramic matrix composite (SiC/SiC for short) has excellent performances of high temperature resistance, low density, high specific strength, high specific modulus and the like, and has wide application prospects in parts such as aircraft engine combustion chambers, tail nozzle adjusting sheets and the like. Because the pyrolytic carbon has good compatibility with the silicon carbide fiber and the matrix, the pyrolytic carbon is widely applied to SiC/SiC materials as an interface phase. The pyrolytic carbon (C) interface is used as a bridge for connecting the SiC fibers and the SiC matrix, is the key for strengthening and toughening the SiC/SiC composite material, and has important influence on the mechanical property of the material. The SiC/C/SiC small composite material is used as one of unidirectional SiC/SiC composite materials, and because the number of fibers is small and the fibers are arranged along one direction, the structure form is simple, and the SiC/C/SiC small composite material is often used for researching the failure mechanism of the SiC/SiC composite material in a complex stress oxidation environment.
As the service environment of the SiC/C/SiC composite material is mainly a complex environment of high-temperature stress oxidation coupling, a great number of cracks appear on the SiC matrix under the action of stress, and the matrix cracks become diffusion channels for oxidizing gas to enter the material. When the temperature exceeds 400 ℃, oxidizing gas entering the interior of the material reacts with the carbon interface inside to generate carbon oxide gas, so that the oxidized carbon interface forms annular pores along the fiber direction, the pores can cause local bearing of the fibers to be large, the probability of failure of the fibers is increased, and the strength of the material is degraded. The annular porosity formed after the carbon interfacial oxidation can be characterized by the interfacial depletion length. And how to accurately acquire the consumption length of the interface is important for analyzing the failure mechanism of the SiC/C/SiC small composite material in the oxidation environment and establishing a microscopic model.
In the prior art, the invention patent CN109884105A, "a method for determining carbon interface consumption volume in oxidation environment of ceramic matrix composite", provides a prediction method capable of predicting the interface consumption volume of a unidirectional SiC/C/SiC composite material in oxidation environment, and the method can predict the consumption length and distribution condition of the interface at the crack of the matrix based on theoretical calculation, but the consumption length and distribution condition of the interface cannot be intuitively observed through experiments. The document "Oxidation mechanical and Kinetics Materials of 1D-SiC/C/SiC Composite Materials: I, An Experimental application of the journal of the American Ceramic Society,1994,77(2): 459-66" discloses a test method for measuring the interfacial consumption length of a unidirectional SiC/C/SiC material in An oxidizing environment by a resistance method, which indirectly obtains the interfacial consumption length by the resistance change of the material before and after Oxidation of the material, but the method is only applicable to a unidirectional SiC/C/SiC material without matrix cracks, and is therefore not applicable to a stress-oxidized SiC/C/SiC small Composite material.
Therefore, there is a need to provide a method for visually observing the interface consumption length of the ceramic matrix composite material in a stress oxidation environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for observing the consumption length of a stress oxidation interface of a ceramic matrix composite material, aiming at overcoming the defects in the prior art, and solving the problem that the interface consumption length of the ceramic matrix composite material in a stress oxidation environment cannot be observed visually in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for observing the consumption length of a stress oxidation interface of a ceramic matrix composite is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: manufacturing a ceramic matrix small composite material test piece for a stress oxidation test;
step 2: carrying out a high-temperature stress oxidation test on the test piece in a micro high-temperature fatigue testing machine;
and step 3: taking out the test piece after the stress oxidation, and cutting the middle section of the test piece to a certain length according to the height of the soaking section of the high-temperature furnace;
and 4, step 4: vertically cold-embedding the cut test piece in an embedding mold, taking out the test piece after resin in the embedding mold is solidified, mechanically polishing the test piece along the direction vertical to the fiber by adopting sand paper with different grades, and then mechanically polishing the test piece until the end surface is flat;
and 5: dissolving the resin around the embedded test piece by using an epoxy resin dissolving solution, putting the test piece into an ultrasonic vibration exciter filled with acetone, and ultrasonically vibrating for a certain time to further dissolve the resin on the surface and in the test piece;
step 6: placing the test piece with the dissolved resin into an SEM, rotating the direction of an electron beam to enable the test piece to be horizontally placed in a visual field, observing the number of matrix cracks on the surface of the material in a secondary electron imaging low-voltage mode, and calibrating the distance from the horizontal center position of each matrix crack to the adjacent end face by using the SEM with a ruler;
and 7: horizontally placing a test piece into an embedding mold for cold embedding, taking out the test piece after resin in the embedding mold is solidified, mechanically polishing the test piece along a direction parallel to fibers by adopting sand paper of different grades, and then mechanically polishing the test piece until the surface is flat and smooth;
and 8: repeating the step 5, then putting the test piece into the SEM again, amplifying to a certain multiple, rotating the direction of the electron beam to enable the test piece to be horizontally placed in the observation window, finding the horizontal center position of the matrix crack closest to the left side near the end face through a ruler, scanning the region on one side of the horizontal center position of the matrix crack along the direction parallel to the fiber by adopting an energy spectrometer surface scanning mode to obtain the distribution of carbon and oxygen elements in the region, observing whether the carbon and oxygen elements have obvious change along the direction parallel to the fiber, if not, continuing to scan along the direction parallel to the fiber until finding a critical region of the change of the carbon and oxygen elements, measuring the distance from the center of the critical region to the horizontal center position of the matrix crack through the ruler, namely the interface consumption length of the fiber on one side of the matrix crack, and then measuring the interface consumption lengths around other fibers, acquiring the distribution condition of the interface consumption length at one side of the matrix crack, and then scanning the area at the other side of the matrix crack by adopting an energy spectrometer surface scanning mode to acquire the interface consumption length distribution around the fiber at the other side;
and step 9: and (5) positioning the crack of the next matrix by using a scale, repeating the step 8, and observing the distribution of the interface consumption lengths at two sides of each matrix crack.
In order to optimize the technical scheme, the specific measures adopted further comprise:
further, in the step 1, two ends of the prepared ceramic matrix small composite material test piece are adhered to the stainless steel or ceramic tubular reinforcing sheet through a high-strength high-temperature-resistant AB adhesive.
Further, in step 2, the test piece is subjected to a high-temperature stress oxidation test on a micro high-temperature and high-temperature fatigue testing machine, wherein the stress is tensile creep stress or tensile-tensile fatigue stress, the oxidation environment is a high-temperature air environment, and the oxidation time is set according to needs.
Further, in step 5, the test piece is placed in an ultrasonic vibration exciter filled with acetone, vibration is carried out for a certain time, then a certain amount of water is injected into the ultrasonic vibration exciter to dilute the acetone, and vibration is continued for a certain time.
Further, in step 6, firstly, the range of the matrix crack in the horizontal direction is marked by using a ruler, then, the horizontal center position of the matrix crack is marked by continuously using the ruler, and the distance from the leftmost side of the matrix crack to the horizontal center position of the matrix crack is equal to half of the range of the matrix crack in the horizontal direction.
Further, in step 6, calibrating the distance from the horizontal center position of each matrix crack to the adjacent end face by using the SEM with a ruler, firstly adjusting the horizontal center position of one matrix crack to the center of the whole view field, then reducing the multiple of the microscope until the adjacent end face appears in the view field, then marking the center position of the whole view field by using the ruler, and measuring the horizontal distance from the adjacent end face to the center position of the view field by using the ruler, namely the distance from the matrix crack to the adjacent end face.
Further, in step 7, the abrasive paper for polishing is silicon carbide abrasive paper, and the polishing solution for polishing is alumina polishing solution.
Further, in step 8, scanning the crack side region of the matrix in a direction parallel to the fiber direction by using an energy spectrometer surface scanning mode, wherein the crack side region of the matrix is selected to contain pores as few as possible.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a test method capable of visually observing the interface consumption length distribution at the crack of a ceramic matrix small composite material matrix, solves the technical problem that the interface consumption length is difficult to obtain by tests in a high-temperature stress oxidation environment, and provides a feasible, economic and reliable new method;
2. the method is based on instruments such as a scanning electron microscope, an energy spectrometer and the like, and is used for observing the interface consumption length distribution of the ceramic matrix small composite material at the matrix crack under the stress oxidation environment, so that the operation is simple, and the test result is accurate;
3. the embodiment provided by the invention is simple and easy to apply, low in test cost and inherent in universality, is suitable for observing the interface consumption length of the ceramic matrix small composite material, and is also suitable for observing the interface consumption lengths of other unidirectional ceramic matrix composite materials;
4. the observation scheme provided by the invention solves the problem of obtaining key parameters of mesomechanics modeling of the ceramic matrix small composite material in a stress oxidation environment, and lays a solid foundation for further simulating the residual mechanical properties of the material after oxidation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a tensile test piece of a ceramic matrix nanocomposite.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a high temperature stress oxidation test system.
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a middle section of a ceramic matrix nanocomposite coupon.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a vertical cold setting of a test piece.
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of an intermediate section of a vertical cold-inlaid ceramic matrix nanocomposite.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of dissolving cold-setting resin.
Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic excitation cleaning system.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a scanning electron microscope and an energy spectrometer.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the calibration of the crack center position of the matrix.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a horizontal cold setting of a test piece.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the test piece after horizontal polishing.
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the observation surface of the test piece after horizontal polishing.
Figure 13 is a schematic of EDS surface scan and interface depletion length distribution.
The reference numbers are as follows: the device comprises a ceramic matrix small composite material test piece 1, an intermediate section 101, an adjacent end face 102/103, a tubular reinforcing sheet 2, a micro high-temperature fatigue testing machine 3, a high-temperature furnace 4, a soaking section height 41, resin 5, an embedded mold 6, a glass beaker 7, epoxy resin solution 8, a glass sheet 9, an ultrasonic vibration exciter 10, acetone 11, a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)12, an observation window 13, an energy spectrometer (EDS)14, a scale 15, a matrix crack 16, a matrix crack horizontal direction range 161/162, a matrix crack horizontal center position 163, a ceramic matrix small composite material test piece intermediate section polished surface 17, an interface 18, an interface consumption length 19, a fiber 20, a matrix 21, an energy spectrometer surface scanning mode 22 and a carbon-oxygen element change critical region 23.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for observing the consumption length of a stress oxidation interface of a ceramic matrix composite, wherein the ceramic matrix composite is a SiC/C/SiC small composite, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) as shown in figure 1, a ceramic matrix small composite material test piece 1 is stuck in a 304 stainless steel tubular reinforcing sheet 2 through high-temperature-resistant AB glue to manufacture a ceramic matrix small composite material tensile test piece.
(2) As shown in FIG. 2, a ceramic matrix small composite material test piece 1 is clamped on a micro-force high-temperature fatigue testing machine 3 for a high-temperature stress oxidation test, wherein the tensile creep stress level is 120MPa, the oxidation environment is a high-temperature air environment, and the oxidation time is 4 hours.
(3) And taking out the ceramic matrix small composite material test piece 1 after stress oxidation, and cutting the middle section 101 of the ceramic matrix small composite material test piece into the soaking section height 41 of the high-temperature furnace 4 according to the soaking section height 41 of the high-temperature furnace 4, as shown in figure 3.
(4) As shown in fig. 4, in order to facilitate subsequent fixing and polishing, the middle section 101 of the cut ceramic matrix small composite material test piece is vertically cold-inlaid in the inlay mold 6, the middle section 101 of the ceramic matrix small composite material test piece is taken out after the resin 5 is solidified, different grades of sand paper are adopted to mechanically polish the middle section 101 of the ceramic matrix small composite material test piece along the direction perpendicular to the fiber direction, and then two adjacent end surfaces 102 and 103 of the middle section 101 of the ceramic matrix small composite material test piece are mechanically polished until the end surfaces are flat, as shown in fig. 5.
(5) Placing the middle section 101 of the ceramic matrix small composite material test piece after being embedded into a glass beaker 7, as shown in fig. 6, dissolving the resin 5 around the middle section 101 of the ceramic matrix small composite material test piece through an epoxy resin dissolving solution 8, covering a glass sheet 9 on the glass beaker 7, placing the glass sheet into an ultrasonic vibration exciter 10 filled with acetone 11, as shown in fig. 7, and carrying out ultrasonic vibration for a certain time to further dissolve the resin on the surface and inside of the test piece.
(6) As shown in fig. 8, the middle section 101 of the ceramic matrix small composite material test piece after the resin is dissolved is placed in the observation window 13, the direction of the electron beam is rotated to horizontally place the middle section 101 of the ceramic matrix small composite material test piece in the observation window 13, the matrix cracks on the surface of the material are observed in a secondary electron imaging low voltage mode for 16 numbers, and the distance from the horizontal center position 163 of each matrix crack to the adjacent end surface 102/103 is calibrated by using the observation window 13 from the ruler 15, as shown in fig. 9.
(7) As shown in fig. 10, horizontally placing the middle section 101 of the ceramic matrix small composite material test piece into the inlay mold 6 for cold inlay, taking out the middle section 101 of the ceramic matrix small composite material test piece after the resin 5 is solidified, mechanically polishing the middle section 101 of the ceramic matrix small composite material test piece along the direction parallel to the fibers by adopting silicon carbide abrasive paper with different grades, mechanically polishing the middle section 101 of the ceramic matrix small composite material test piece to be flat and smooth in surface by adopting alumina suspension with the diameter of 40 microns, as shown in fig. 11, then repeatedly washing the polishing surface 17 of the middle section 101 of the ceramic matrix small composite material test piece by adopting alcohol, and drying the polishing surface.
(8) Putting the middle section 101 of the ceramic matrix small composite material test piece after grinding, polishing, cleaning and drying in an embedding test piece into an observation window 13 again, amplifying the test piece to 100 times, rotating the direction of an electron beam to enable the middle section 101 of the ceramic matrix small composite material test piece to be horizontally placed in the observation window 13, finding a matrix crack horizontal central position 163 closest to a left adjacent end surface 102 through the observation window 13 with a ruler 15 as shown in figure 12, then amplifying the matrix crack horizontal central position to 1000 times, scanning a region (comprising a fiber 20, a matrix 21 and an interface 18) on one side of the matrix crack central horizontal position 163 in a direction parallel to the fiber 20 by adopting an energy spectrometer (EDS)14 surface scanning mode 22 as shown in figure 13, obtaining the distribution of carbon (C) and oxygen (O) elements in the region, observing whether the carbon and oxygen elements obviously change in a direction parallel to the fiber 20, if not, continuing to scan forwards in a direction parallel to the fiber 20, until a critical area 23 with carbon and oxygen element changes is found, the distance from the center of the critical area to the horizontal center position 163 of the matrix crack is measured through a ruler 15, namely the interface consumption length 19 on one side of the matrix crack 16, then the interface consumption lengths around other fibers are measured, the distribution condition of the interface consumption length on one side of the matrix crack can be obtained, then the area on the other side of the matrix crack 16 is scanned through an energy spectrometer (EDS)14 surface scanning mode 22, the interface consumption length 19 distribution around the fiber 20 on the other side is obtained, and the steps are the same as the above.
(9) And then positioning to the horizontal center position 163 of the next matrix crack by using the ruler 15, repeating the step (8), and observing the distribution of the interface consumption lengths 19 on two sides of the matrix crack 16.
It should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc. used in the present invention are for clarity of description only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not limited by the technical contents of the essential changes.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for observing the consumption length of a stress oxidation interface of a ceramic matrix composite is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: manufacturing a ceramic matrix small composite material test piece (1) for a stress oxidation test;
step 2: carrying out a high-temperature stress oxidation test on the test piece in a micro high-temperature fatigue testing machine (3);
and step 3: taking out the test piece after the stress oxidation, and cutting the middle section (101) of the test piece to a certain length according to the height of the soaking section of the high-temperature furnace (4);
and 4, step 4: vertically cold-embedding the cut test piece in an embedding mold (6), taking out the test piece after the resin (5) in the embedding mold (6) is solidified, mechanically polishing the test piece along the direction vertical to the fiber direction by adopting sand paper with different grades, and then mechanically polishing the test piece until the end surface is flat;
and 5: dissolving the resin around the embedded test piece by epoxy resin dissolving liquid (8), putting the test piece into an ultrasonic vibration exciter (10) filled with acetone (11), and ultrasonically vibrating for a certain time to further dissolve the resin on the surface and inside the test piece;
step 6: placing the test piece with the dissolved resin into an SEM (12), rotating the direction of an electron beam to enable the test piece to be horizontally placed in a visual field, observing the number of matrix cracks (16) on the surface of the material in a secondary electron imaging low-voltage mode, and calibrating the distance from the horizontal center position (163) of each matrix crack to an adjacent end surface (102/103) by using the SEM (12) with a ruler (15);
and 7: horizontally placing a test piece into an embedding mold (6) for cold embedding, taking out the test piece after resin (5) in the embedding mold (6) is solidified, mechanically polishing the test piece along a direction parallel to fibers by adopting sand paper of different grades, and then mechanically polishing the test piece until the surface is flat and smooth;
and 8: repeating the step 5, then putting the test piece into the SEM (12) again, amplifying to a certain multiple, rotating the direction of the electron beam to enable the test piece to be horizontally placed in the observation window (13), finding the horizontal center position (163) of the matrix crack closest to the left adjacent end surface (102) through the ruler (15), scanning the region on one side of the horizontal center position (163) of the matrix crack along the direction parallel to the fiber (20) by adopting a surface scanning mode of an energy spectrometer (14), obtaining the distribution of carbon and oxygen elements in the region, observing whether the carbon and oxygen elements have obvious change along the direction parallel to the fiber (20), if not, continuing to scan forwards along the direction parallel to the fiber (20) until finding a critical region (23) of the change of the carbon and oxygen elements, measuring the distance from the center of the critical region (23) to the horizontal center position (163) of the matrix crack through the ruler (15), the interface consumption length (19) of the fiber (20) on one side of the matrix crack (16) is obtained, then the interface consumption lengths around other fibers are measured, so that the distribution condition of the interface consumption length on one side of the matrix crack (16) is obtained, and then the area on the other side of the matrix crack (16) is scanned by adopting a surface scanning mode of an energy spectrometer (14), so that the interface consumption length distribution around the fiber on the other side is obtained;
and step 9: and (3) positioning to the next matrix crack (16) by adopting a ruler (15), repeating the step (8), and observing the distribution of the interface consumption lengths at two sides of each matrix crack (16).
2. The method for observing the consumption length of the stress-oxidation interface of the ceramic matrix composite according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 1, two ends of the prepared ceramic matrix small composite material test piece (1) are adhered to a stainless steel or ceramic tubular reinforcing sheet through a high-strength high-temperature-resistant AB adhesive.
3. The method for observing the consumption length of the stress-oxidation interface of the ceramic matrix composite according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 2, the test piece is subjected to a high-temperature stress oxidation test on a micro-force high-temperature fatigue testing machine (3), wherein the stress is tensile creep stress or tensile-tensile fatigue stress, the oxidation environment is a high-temperature air environment, and the oxidation time is set according to needs.
4. The method for observing the consumption length of the stress-oxidation interface of the ceramic matrix composite according to claim 1, wherein: and step 5, placing the test piece into an ultrasonic vibration exciter (10) filled with acetone (11), vibrating for a certain time, then injecting a certain amount of water into the ultrasonic vibration exciter (10) to dilute the acetone (11), and continuously vibrating for a certain time.
5. The method for observing the consumption length of the stress-oxidation interface of the ceramic matrix composite according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 6, firstly, the range of the matrix crack (16) in the horizontal direction is marked by using the ruler (15), then, the horizontal central position (163) of the matrix crack is marked by continuously using the ruler (15), and the distance from the leftmost side of the matrix crack (16) to the horizontal central position (163) of the matrix crack is equal to half of the range of the matrix crack (16) in the horizontal direction.
6. The method for observing the consumption length of the stress-oxidation interface of the ceramic matrix composite according to claim 1, wherein: in step 6, calibrating the distance from the horizontal center position (163) of each matrix crack to the adjacent end face (102/103) by adopting an SEM (12) with a scale (15), firstly adjusting the horizontal center position (163) of one matrix crack to the center of the whole visual field, then reducing the microscope multiple until the adjacent end face (102/103) appears in the visual field, then marking the center position of the whole visual field through the scale (15), and measuring the horizontal distance from the adjacent end face (102/103) to the center position of the visual field by adopting the scale (15) to be the distance from the matrix crack (16) to the adjacent end face (102/103).
7. The method for observing the consumption length of the stress-oxidation interface of the ceramic matrix composite according to claim 1, wherein: in step 7, the abrasive paper for polishing is silicon carbide abrasive paper, and the polishing solution for polishing is aluminum oxide polishing solution.
8. The method for observing the consumption length of the stress-oxidation interface of the ceramic matrix composite according to claim 1, wherein: in step 8, scanning the area on the side of the matrix crack (16) along the direction parallel to the fiber (20) by adopting a surface scanning mode of an energy spectrometer (14), wherein the area on the side of the matrix crack (16) is selected to contain pores as less as possible.
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