CN110863601A

CN110863601A - Composite board

Info

Publication number: CN110863601A
Application number: CN201911318352.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高峰; 陈艳凤; 刘在祥; 蔡园丰; 朱涛; 牛争艳; 王兵; 盛浩
Original assignee: Shanghai Xingye Material Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Xingye Material Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-19
Filing date: 2019-12-19
Publication date: 2020-03-06
Also published as: WO2021121008A1

Abstract

The application discloses composite sheet, it includes first board, second board and connects a plurality of tie-beams of the two. The first and second panels may be respective feature-corresponding panels including a substrate, a tensile layer, and a compressive layer, respectively. The first plate and the second plate are disposed to face each other, outer surfaces of the first plate and the second plate are disposed in parallel at a predetermined distance, and the tensile layer of the first plate and the tensile layer of the second plate have the same predetermined tensile pre-stress. The composite panels of the present application can be used for wall panels or decorative panels of building modules and panels for other uses.

Description

Composite board

Technical Field

The application relates to a composite board, in particular to a composite board taking cement as a main material.

Background

With the continuous development of the construction industry and the continuous updating and changing of the construction materials, the production mode of the construction is also greatly changed. Today, new buildings are moving towards fabricated, modular directions. However, the construction of the modular construction is limited by the single variety, substandard performance, and insufficient fire and water resistance of the structural panels used in the modular construction.

Currently, the common structural panels in the market are roughly classified into organic panels and inorganic panels.

Organic board materials include conventional wood fiberboard, particle board, europa board, wood fiberboard, and the like. Most of the organic plates are inflammable and have poor fireproof performance and the problem of formaldehyde release. Particularly, after water absorption, the expansion of the plate body directly leads to the loss of the service performance. In addition, the strength of the material itself is low, and the material is easily broken. Obviously, the organic plate is not suitable for building walls, especially external walls.

The inorganic board comprises a cement fiber board, a glass magnesium flat board, a gypsum board and the like. Compared with organic plates, the waterproof and fireproof performance of inorganic plates has certain advantages. However, inorganic panels have additional problems, such as high material density, heavy weight of the panels, micro-pores in the overall structure, poor toughness, susceptibility to fracture under the influence of impact stress and shear stress, low structural strength and poor nail-holding power, susceptibility to warp deformation after a single-texture panel is placed for a long time, and high production cost. Furthermore, magnesium oxychloride cement used in the glass magnesium slab is corrosive to reinforcing materials such as steel, and the brittleness is gradually improved after long-term use, and the structural strength is reduced.

Accordingly, there is a need to provide a composite panel that overcomes one or more of the above-mentioned disadvantages, i.e., a multifunctional composite panel that has high structural strength, high nail-holding power, good weather resistance, and is adaptable to industrial continuous production and to modular structures in modular fabricated buildings.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem that this application will be solved provides a compound panel, makes it can satisfy the performance that structural strength is high, the nail-holding power is strong, the weatherability is good, is fit for industry large-scale production to be applicable to the wall body among the configuration modularization assembly type building.

In order to solve the above technical problem, according to the present application, there is provided a composite panel including a first panel, a second panel, and a plurality of connection beams connecting the first panel and the second panel. The first plate includes: a first substrate formed of a cement cured layer, including a planar outer surface and an inner surface disposed parallel to the outer surface; the first stretching-resistant layer comprises a first surface and a second surface arranged in parallel with the first surface, and is arranged to be attached to the inner surface of the first substrate through the first surface with a preset stretching prestress; and the first compression-resistant layer is formed by a cement cured layer and comprises a first surface and a second surface arranged parallel to the first surface, and the first compression-resistant layer is arranged to be attached to the second surface of the first tensile-resistant layer by the first surface. The second plate includes: a second substrate formed of a cement cured layer including a planar outer surface and an inner surface disposed parallel to the outer surface; a second tensile layer including a first surface and a second surface disposed in parallel with the first surface, the second surface being disposed to be attached to an inner surface of the second substrate with the first surface thereof under a predetermined tensile pre-stress; and a second anti-compression layer formed by a cement cured layer and including a first surface and a second surface arranged in parallel with the first surface, the second anti-compression layer being arranged with its first surface against the second surface of the second anti-tension layer. A plurality of connecting beams are disposed between the first plate and the second plate to rigidly connect the two. The second surface of the first pressure-resistant layer of the first plate and the second surface of the second pressure-resistant layer of the second plate are disposed to face each other; the outer surface of the first substrate of the first plate and the outer surface of the second substrate of the second plate are arranged parallel to each other with a predetermined distance D therebetween; the predetermined tensile pre-stress of the first tensile layer of the first plate is equal to the predetermined tensile pre-stress of the second tensile layer of the second plate.

According to at least one embodiment of the present application, the composite plate may further include: a first waterproof material layer formed of a waterproof material, including a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, disposed on the second surface of the first pressure-resistant layer; and a second waterproof material layer formed of a waterproof material, including a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, disposed on the second surface of the second pressure-resistant layer.

According to at least one embodiment of the present application, the composite plate may further include: a first surface layer disposed on an outer surface of the first substrate; and a second surface layer disposed on an outer surface of the second substrate.

According to at least one embodiment of the present application, the composite plate may further include: the third tensile layer is arranged in the first tensile layer in a preset tensile prestress mode and is parallel to the first tensile layer; and a fourth tensile layer disposed in the second tensile layer with a predetermined tensile pre-stress and parallel to the second tensile layer.

According to at least one embodiment of the present application, the waterproof material may include a resin composite material.

According to at least one embodiment of the present application, the first facing and the second facing may comprise the same resin composite.

According to at least one embodiment of the present application, each of the plurality of connection beams may be a cement-cured beam extending in one direction with a rectangular cross section.

According to at least one embodiment of the present application, a plurality of coupling beams may extend at uniform intervals along the longitudinal direction of the composite panel, and the coupling beams at both sides constitute side frames of the composite panel.

According to at least one embodiment of the present application, the composite panel may further include a plurality of cross beams disposed perpendicular to the plurality of connection beams and uniformly between any two of the plurality of connection beams such that the plurality of connection beams and the plurality of cross beams form a grid.

According to at least one embodiment of the present application, the void between the first plate and the second plate may be optionally filled with a filler.

According to at least one embodiment of the present application, the filler may include a lightweight material, an acoustic panel, or an insulation panel, wherein the lightweight material may include one of a foam, bamboo chips, perlite, foamed concrete, or any combination of two or more thereof.

According to at least one embodiment of the present application, at least one of the plurality of connection beams may include an unsaturated resin.

According to at least one embodiment of the present application, at least one of the plurality of cross beams may include an unsaturated resin.

According to at least one embodiment of the present application, the first tensile layer, the second tensile layer, the third tensile layer, or the fourth tensile layer may include a wire mesh, a mesh cloth, a plastic orifice plate, or a metal orifice plate. The wire mesh may comprise a wire mesh. The scrim may comprise glass fibers.

In accordance with at least one embodiment of the present application, the cured layer of cement may include one of a rapid hardening early strength sulphoaluminate cement, an aluminoferrite cement, a portland cement, a magnesium oxychloride cement, a phosphomagnesium cement, an aluminous cement, or a combination of any two or more thereof.

According to at least one embodiment of the present application, the cured layer of cement may include a set retarder. The cement cured layer may also include a water repellent.

According to at least one embodiment of the present application, the composite plate may further include one or more thread sockets embedded at positions corresponding to the plurality of connection beams. Preferably, the outer end face of the one or more thread pockets may be coplanar with the outer surface of the first base plate or the outer surface of the second base plate. Preferably, the outer wall surface of the one or more thread inserts is provided with self-tapping threads.

According to at least one embodiment of the present application, the composite plate may further include a mark indicating a location of the plurality of connection beams.

According to at least one embodiment of the present application, the composite panel may further include a logo indicating a location of the plurality of cross beams.

A composite panel according to the present application includes a first panel, a second panel, and a plurality of connecting beams connecting the first panel and the second panel together. Because the first and second panels are identical in construction, they can be manufactured uniformly on a dedicated industrial line and then positioned relative to each other and joined together by a plurality of connecting beams. The following advantageous effects can thus be achieved: 1. the first and second plates can be manufactured with high precision through a dedicated industrial production line, and thus, the outer surface precision and finish of the first and second plates can be ensured by improving the precision of the mold. 2. Since the first and second boards can be manufactured with high precision through a dedicated industrial manufacturing line and are connected to each other relatively low through a plurality of connection beams also manufactured on the dedicated industrial manufacturing line, the stress is very uniform, and thus, the external force applied from all directions can be absorbed during the storage and transportation processes to avoid the warpage or the plastic deformation of the composite board. 3. In the use position of the composite board, the connecting beams are positioned in the vertical direction, so that the pressure bearing capacity of the composite board in the vertical direction is greatly improved. 4. The first plate comprises a first tensile layer, the second plate comprises a second tensile layer, and the first tensile layer and the second tensile layer are arranged between the base plate and the compression layer with preset tensile prestress, so that the tensile strength and the bending strength of the composite plate are greatly improved. 5. Maintaining as much of the gap as possible between the first and second plates, thereby increasing the local elastic deformation range of the composite plate to absorb tensile, compressive and shear stresses without damaging the composite plate; furthermore, the gap between the first plate and the second plate can greatly reduce noise transmission and heat transmission compared with a solid plate, and especially, the gap can play a better role in sound insulation and heat insulation under the condition that sound insulation or heat insulation materials are arranged in the gap, and the sound insulation and heat insulation performance can show more superiority when the composite plate is applied to a building wall. 6. Compare with the entity cement board, the composite sheet according to this application has reduced the use amount of cement solidified layer, has reduced the weight of composite sheet, consequently greatly reduced material cost, manufacturing cost and cost of transportation.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and are not limiting on the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a composite plate according to the present application.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing a composite plate according to the present application.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view showing a cross section of the composite panel shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view showing a cross section of the composite panel shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view showing a cross section of the composite panel shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a schematic plan view showing an arrangement of a plurality of connection beams and a plurality of cross beams of a composite panel according to the present application.

FIG. 7 is a schematic illustrating a composite plate with a threaded socket according to the present application.

FIG. 8 is a schematic illustrating a composite plate with a threaded socket according to the present application.

FIG. 9 is a schematic illustrating a thread socket of a composite plate according to the present application.

FIG. 10 is a schematic illustrating a thread socket of a composite plate according to the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.

Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the description and claims of the present application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. Also, the use of the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the composite panel according to the present application are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a composite plate according to the present application. Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing a composite plate according to the present application.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a composite panel according to an embodiment of the present application includes a first panel 10, a second panel 20, and a plurality of connection beams 30.

As shown in fig. 1, the first plate 10 may include, for example, a first substrate 11, a first tensile layer 12, and a first pressure resistant layer 13 from top to bottom.

The first substrate 11 may be formed of a cement cured layer, and may include a planar outer surface 11a and an inner surface 11b disposed parallel to the outer surface 11 a.

The first stretch resistant layer 12 may include a first surface 12a and a second surface 12b disposed parallel to the first surface 12 a. The first surface 12a of the first tensile layer 12 is attached to the inner surface 11b of the first substrate 11 and disposed on the inner surface 11b of the first substrate 11 under a predetermined tensile pre-stress.

The first pressure resistant layer 13 may be formed of a cement cured layer, and may include a first surface 13a and a second surface 13b disposed in parallel with the first surface 13 a. The first pressure resistant layer 13 is arranged with its first surface 13a against the second surface 12b of the first stretch resistant layer 12.

Therefore, the first substrate 11, the first tensile layer 12, and the first pressure resistant layer 13 are bonded together under a predetermined tensile prestress that ensures the first tensile layer 12.

The second sheet 20 may include, for example, a second substrate 21, a second tensile layer 22, and a second compressive layer 23.

The second substrate 21 may be formed of a cured layer of cement, and may include a planar outer surface 21a and an inner surface 21b disposed parallel to the outer surface 21 a.

The second tensile layer 22 may include a first surface 22a and a second surface 22b disposed parallel to the first surface 22 a. The first surface 22a of the second tensile layer 22 is attached to the inner surface 21b of the second substrate 21 and is provided on the inner surface 21b of the second substrate 21 under a predetermined tensile prestress.

The second anti-crush layer 23 may be formed of a cement cured layer and includes a first surface 23a and a second surface 23b disposed parallel to the first surface 23 a. The second tensile layer 23 may be disposed with its first surface 23a conforming to the second surface 22b of the second tensile layer 22.

Therefore, the second substrate 11, the second tensile layer 22, and the second pressure resistant layer 23 are bonded together under a predetermined tensile pre-stress that ensures the second tensile layer 22.

A plurality of connection beams 30 may be disposed between the first plate 10 and the second plate 20 to rigidly connect the two such that the outer surface 11a of the first base plate 11 of the first plate 10 and the outer surface 21a of the second base plate 21 of the second plate 20 are parallel to each other by a predetermined distance D. The first predetermined distance D1 may be sized according to the design thickness of the composite plate.

The second surface 13b of the first pressure resistant layer 13 of the first plate 10 and the second surface 23b of the second pressure resistant layer 23 of the second plate 20 are disposed to face each other.

The predetermined tensile pre-stress of the first tensile layer 12 of the first plate 10 is equal to the predetermined tensile pre-stress of the second tensile layer 22 of the second plate 20.

Because the first and

second plates

10, 20 are identical in composition and the features are located opposite each other, the first and

second plates

10, 20 can be identical preforms with proper design to make the structure symmetrical. Therefore, the design of the molds for manufacturing the first and

second plates

10 and 20 is reduced, and the design of the manufacturing line for manufacturing the first and

second plates

10 and 20 is also simplified. Thus, after the first and

second panels

10 and 20 are manufactured, they are connected by the connection beam, and the composite panel is manufactured as described above. In case the coupling beam is also a cement cured layer, the combination of the first plate 10, the second plate 20 and the plurality of coupling beams 30 may be regarded as a combination only for a time period of the cement cured layer.

Fig. 3, 4 and 5 are sectional views showing cross sections of the composite panel shown in fig. 1.

Referring to fig. 3, according to one embodiment of the present application, the composite panel may further include a first waterproof material layer 14 and a second waterproof material layer 24.

The first waterproof material layer 14 may be formed of a waterproof material, and may include a first surface 14a and a second surface 14b opposite to the first surface 14 a. The first waterproof material layer 14 may be provided on the second surface 13b of the first pressure-resistant layer 13.

The second waterproof material layer 24 may be formed of a waterproof material, and may include a first surface 24a and a second surface 24b opposite to the first surface 24 a. A second waterproof material layer 24 may be disposed on the second surface 23b of the second pressure resistant layer 23.

The first waterproof material layer 14 and the second waterproof material layer 24 may include a resin composite material. Therefore, during the manufacturing process of the first and

second panels

10 and 20, the water in the cement cured layer adjacent thereto can be prevented from being analyzed out, thereby avoiding any contamination or material mixing to other features in the subsequent production due to the water analysis out. Further, since the first waterproof material layer 14 and the second waterproof material layer 24 are resin composite materials, they have good adhesion to the cement cured layer and are finally integrated without peeling.

Referring to fig. 4, according to one embodiment of the present application, the composite panel may further include a first facing 15 and a second facing 25.

The first facing 15 may be disposed on the outer surface 11a of the first substrate 11 as a final facing of the first sheet 10.

The second facing 25 may be disposed on the outer surface 21a of the second substrate 21 as a final surface layer of the second board 20.

The first facing 15 and the second facing 25 may comprise the same material, for example, a resin composite. The resin composite material has a good adhesive effect on the cement cured layer. In addition, the resin composite directly contacts the mold during the manufacturing process of the first plate 10 or the second plate 20. The surface quality of the surface layer of the first board 10 or the second board 20 formed of the resin composite material is higher because the solid particle size of the resin composite material is smaller compared to the cement cured layer. Further, by using a release agent or the like, the resin composite material is more easily released than a cement cured layer, and the yield is greatly improved.

As shown in fig. 5, the composite panel may also include a third tensile layer 16 and a fourth tensile layer 26 according to one embodiment of the present application.

The third tensile layer 16 may be disposed in the first tensile layer 13 parallel to the first tensile layer 12 with a predetermined tensile pre-stress.

The fourth tensile layer 26 may be disposed in the second tensile layer 23 in parallel with the second tensile layer 22 with a predetermined tensile pre-stress.

As shown in fig. 6, each of the plurality of connection beams 30 may be a cement-cured beam extending in one direction with a rectangular cross section. The present application is not limited thereto and the cross-section of the plurality of connection beams 30 may be any suitable shape, for example, a drum shape. The one direction is referred to as the vertical direction in use, but may be any other direction, for example, a 45 degree rotation in the vertical direction.

A plurality of coupling bars 30 may extend at uniform intervals along the longitudinal direction of the composite panel, and the coupling bars at both sides may constitute side frames of the composite panel.

As shown in fig. 6, the composite panel may further include a plurality of cross beams 31. The plurality of cross members 31 may be perpendicular to the plurality of connection beams 30 and uniformly disposed between any two of the plurality of connection beams 30 such that the plurality of connection beams 30 and the plurality of cross members 31 form a grid.

Further, the plurality of coupling beams 30 may be any other type of coupling, such as cement nails, metal couplings, and the like.

Referring back to fig. 1, the gap between the first plate 10 and the second plate 20 may be optionally filled with a filler 40. The filler 40 may include a lightweight material, an acoustic panel, or an insulation panel. The lightweight material may comprise one of foam plastic, bamboo sawdust, perlite, foamed concrete, or any combination of two or more thereof. The sound insulation board or the heat insulation board can be properly selected on the basis of the known technology in the field according to the design requirements of the composite board. Further, it is noted that the space between the first panel 10 and the second panel 20 itself has superior sound and heat insulating properties even without the filler 40.

In a preferred embodiment, at least one of the plurality of connection beams 30 may include an unsaturated resin.

In a preferred embodiment, at least one of the plurality of cross members 31 may comprise an unsaturated resin.

With the addition of unsaturated resin, at least one of the plurality of connecting beams 30 and/or at least one of the plurality of cross beams 31 will reduce stiffness and brittleness. Therefore, it is easy to embed or screw in a metal member, for example, a thread insert 60 (see fig. 7) which will be described in detail below.

In a preferred embodiment, the first tensile layer 12, the second tensile layer 22, the third tensile layer 16, or the fourth tensile layer 26 may comprise a wire mesh, a mesh cloth, a plastic mesh, or a metal mesh. The wire mesh may comprise a wire mesh. The scrim may comprise glass fibers. The metal orifice plate can be, for example, a common steel orifice plate, a high manganese steel orifice plate, or the like. The plastic orifice plate may be, for example, a flame retardant plastic orifice plate. Those skilled in the art can appropriately select in design according to the application use of the composite panel.

In a preferred embodiment, the cement cured layer comprises one of a rapid hardening early strength sulphoaluminate cement, an aluminoferrite cement, a portland cement, a magnesium oxychloride cement, a magnesium phosphate cement, an aluminous cement, or a combination of any two or more thereof. However, the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto, and any other types of cement and cement-cured layers may be selected, and a retarder and a waterproofing agent may be added to the cement-cured layers. The set retarder in the set layer of cement may include, for example, lignosulfonate and derivatives thereof, low molecular weight cellulose and derivatives thereof, hydroxycarboxylic acid (salts), organophosphonic acid (salts), boric acid (salts), composites, and the like. The cement waterproofing agent may include, for example, inorganic compounds and organic compounds, and the inorganic compounds may include ferric chloride, modified silicon, zirconium compounds, and the like. The organic compounds may include fatty acids and salts thereof, silicone surfactants (e.g., sodium methyl silanol, sodium ethyl silanol, polyethyl hydroxy siloxane), paraffin, bitumen, rubber, and water-soluble resin emulsions. The silicone zirconium can be used for a cement-based infiltration crystallization waterproof system. Those skilled in the art can make appropriate selections according to actual needs in design.

FIG. 7 is a schematic illustrating a composite plate with a threaded socket according to the present application. FIG. 8 is a schematic illustrating a composite plate with a threaded socket according to the present application. FIG. 9 is a schematic illustrating a thread socket of a composite plate according to the present application. FIG. 10 is a schematic illustrating a thread socket of a composite plate according to the present application.

One of the great disadvantages of cement pre-forms is the difficulty of driving in the nail and the poor nail-holding power. In order to solve such a technical problem, according to an embodiment of the present application, the composite panel has an unsaturated resin added to a position where a nail (including a bolt and a nut) connection is required, that is, at least one of the one or more beams of the plurality of connection beams as described above. The unsaturated resin is a viscous liquid obtained by dissolving a linear polymer compound containing unsaturated dibasic acid or dihydric alcohol, which is obtained by condensation polymerization of dibasic acid and dihydric alcohol, in a monomer (usually styrene). The addition of unsaturated resins to the cement cured layer can reduce brittleness, enhance toughness and flexibility. By adding unsaturated resin, the solidified layer of cement can be screwed into the self-tapping screw after solidification, so that the problems of difficult nail penetration and poor nail holding power of the composite board are solved.

As shown in fig. 7, the composite plate may also include one or more thread sockets 60 according to one embodiment of the present application. One or more thread sockets 60 may be buried at positions corresponding to the plurality of connection beams 30 and the plurality of cross beams 31.

An outer end surface 61 of one or more thread sockets 60 of the composite plate may be coplanar with outer surface 11a of first substrate 11 or outer surface 21a of second substrate 21. Of course, the outer end surface 61 of one or more thread caps 60 may be higher or lower than the outer surface 11a of first substrate 11 or the outer surface 21a of second substrate 21, depending on the use of the composite plate.

As shown in fig. 7, 9 and 10, the outer wall surface of one or more of the thread inserts 60 of the composite panel is provided with self-tapping threads 62. In the case where the outer wall surface of one or more of the thread inserts 60 of the composite panel is provided with a self-tapping thread 62, the thread insert 60 may be embedded in the composite panel or may be screwed into the composite panel by the self-tapping thread 62. That is, in this case, the depth of the thread socket 60 in the composite plate is adjustable. Additionally, as shown in FIG. 7, internal threads within the threaded socket 60 may be used to screw in to secure any object that needs to be secured to the composite panel, such as a television, air conditioner, switch base, etc.

In the position without the threaded socket 60, it is necessary to fix objects on the composite panel for various purposes, as shown in fig. 8, it is also possible to temporarily open small holes at the positions of the connecting beams or the cross beams of the composite panel and screw them into the composite panel with self-tapping screws. This also benefits from the addition of an appropriate amount of unsaturated resin to the cement cured layer at such locations.

As shown in fig. 1, in order to intuitively and easily determine the locations of the plurality of coupling beams 30 or the plurality of cross beams 31, the composite panel may further include a mark 50 indicating the locations of the plurality of coupling beams 30. Also, the composite plate may further include a mark 70 indicating the location of the plurality of cross members 31.

The above are exemplary embodiments of the invention only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A composite panel, comprising:

a first plate comprising:

a first substrate formed from a cured layer of cement and comprising a planar outer surface and an inner surface disposed parallel to the outer surface,

a first tensile layer comprising a first surface and a second surface arranged parallel to the first surface, arranged with a predetermined tensile pre-stress with its first surface against the inner surface of the first substrate, an

A first compression resistant layer formed from a cured layer of cement and comprising a first surface and a second surface arranged parallel to the first surface, the first compression resistant layer being arranged with its first surface to conform to the second surface of the first tensile resistant layer;

a second plate comprising:

a second substrate formed from a cured layer of cement and comprising a planar outer surface and an inner surface disposed parallel to the outer surface,

a second tensile layer comprising a first surface and a second surface arranged parallel to the first surface, arranged with a predetermined tensile pre-stress with its first surface against the inner surface of the second substrate, an

A second anti-crush layer formed from a cement cured layer and including a first surface and a second surface disposed parallel to the first surface, the second anti-crush layer being disposed with its first surface in close proximity to the second surface of the second anti-crush layer; and

a plurality of connecting beams disposed between the first plate and the second plate to rigidly connect the two,

wherein the second surface of the first pressure resistant layer of the first plate and the second surface of the second pressure resistant layer of the second plate are disposed to face each other,

wherein the outer surface of the first substrate of the first plate and the outer surface of the second substrate of the second plate are disposed parallel to each other at a predetermined distance D therebetween, and

wherein the predetermined tensile pre-stress of the first tensile layer of the first plate is equal to the predetermined tensile pre-stress of the second tensile layer of the second plate.

2. The composite panel of claim 1, further comprising

A first waterproof material layer formed of a waterproof material, including a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, with the first surface thereof being disposed on the second surface of the first pressure-resistant layer; and

a second waterproof material layer formed of a waterproof material, including a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, with the first surface thereof being disposed on the second surface of the second crush resistant layer.

3. The composite panel of claim 1, further comprising

A first facing disposed on the outer surface of the first substrate; and

a second facing disposed on the outer surface of the second substrate.

4. The composite panel of claim 1, further comprising

A third tensile layer disposed in the first tensile layer with a predetermined tensile pre-stress and parallel to the first tensile layer, an

A fourth tensile layer disposed in the second tensile layer at a predetermined tensile pre-stress and parallel to the second tensile layer.

5. The composite panel of claim 2, wherein the water resistant material comprises a resin composite.

6. The composite panel of claim 3, wherein the first facing and the second facing comprise the same resin composite.

7. The composite panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein each of the plurality of connecting beams is a cement-cured beam extending in one direction with a rectangular cross section.

8. The composite panel according to claim 7, wherein the plurality of coupling bars extend at uniform intervals along a longitudinal direction of the composite panel, and the coupling bars at both sides constitute side frames of the composite panel.

9. The composite panel of claim 7, further comprising a plurality of cross beams perpendicular to the plurality of tie beams and uniformly disposed between any two of the plurality of tie beams such that the plurality of tie beams and the plurality of cross beams form a grid.

10. The composite panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the gap between the first and second panels is selectively filled with a filler.

11. The composite panel of claim 10, wherein the filler comprises a lightweight material, an acoustic panel, or an insulation panel.

12. The composite panel of claim 11, wherein the lightweight material comprises one of foam plastic, bamboo sawdust, perlite, foamed concrete, or any combination of two or more thereof.

13. The composite panel of claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of tie beams comprises an unsaturated resin.

14. The composite panel according to claim 9, wherein at least one of the plurality of beams comprises an unsaturated resin.

15. The composite panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first tensile layer, the second tensile layer, the third tensile layer, or the fourth tensile layer comprises a wire mesh, a mesh cloth, a plastic mesh sheet, or a metal mesh sheet.

16. The composite panel of claim 15, wherein the wire mesh comprises a steel mesh.

17. The composite panel of claim 15, wherein the scrim comprises fiberglass.

18. A composite panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cement cured layer comprises one of a rapid hardening early strength sulphoaluminate cement, an aluminoferrite cement, a Portland cement, a magnesium oxychloride cement, a phosphomagnesium cement, an aluminous cement, or a combination of any two or more thereof.

19. The composite panel of claim 18, wherein the cured layer of cement includes a set retarder.

20. The composite panel according to claim 18, wherein the cured layer of cement includes a water repellent agent.

21. The composite panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising one or more thread sockets embedded at positions corresponding to the plurality of connection beams.

22. The composite plate of claim 21, wherein an outer end face of the one or more thread caps is coplanar with the outer surface of the first substrate or the outer surface of the second substrate.

23. The composite panel of claim 21, wherein the outer wall surface of the one or more thread inserts is provided with self-tapping threads.

24. The composite panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a marker indicating a location of the plurality of connection beams.

25. The composite panel of claim 9, further comprising indicia indicating where the plurality of beams are located.