CN110861530B - Monitoring system and method for power battery - Google Patents

Monitoring system and method for power battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110861530B
CN110861530B CN201911165782.3A CN201911165782A CN110861530B CN 110861530 B CN110861530 B CN 110861530B CN 201911165782 A CN201911165782 A CN 201911165782A CN 110861530 B CN110861530 B CN 110861530B
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control unit
battery
dcdc
battery control
unit bcu
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CN110861530A (en
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卫云峰
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Wuhu Stc Battery System Ltd
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Wuhu Stc Battery System Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a monitoring system of a power battery, which comprises a battery control unit BCU, a battery management unit BMU, a storage battery, a TBOX, a DCDC converter and a power battery, wherein the output end of the power battery is connected with the DCDC converter; the high-side driving output end of the battery control unit is connected with the driving input end of the DCDC converter. The invention has simple structure, safety and reliability, and can drive each unit in the BMS to work by the DCDC converter when parking, thereby driving the BMS to start the battery inspection state in the parking state and feed back to the background terminal, and realizing the detection of the battery state in the parking state.

Description

Monitoring system and method for power battery
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power battery safety monitoring, in particular to a novel power battery monitoring system.
Background
With the great popularization and popularity of the electric automobile in China, the application of the power battery is more mature and popular. The energy density of the power battery system is improved by clients, and the safety performance of the power battery is required to be higher and higher. In addition to using safer products on design materials, security monitoring and management must also be increased in application policies. At present, on the design scheme of the whole power battery system, the BMS monitors the whole battery system in real time during driving and charging and passing of the vehicle, and manages and reports possible faults. However, in the parking power-down state, the BMS is in a power-off or sleep state due to consideration of power consumption of electrical devices of the whole vehicle, and the whole battery system is in a non-monitoring state. The safety state of the power battery cannot be known because parameters such as insulation, battery cell temperature, battery cell voltage and the like in the battery system cannot be known. To solve such problems, a new power battery solution is needed to balance the power consumption of the whole vehicle and monitor the parameters of the battery system
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a monitoring system and a method for a power battery, which are used for realizing battery monitoring in a parking state.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the monitoring system of the power battery comprises a battery control unit BCU, a battery management unit BMU, a storage battery, a TBOX, a DCDC converter and the power battery, wherein the output end of the power battery is connected with the DCDC converter, the power supply output end of the DCDC converter is respectively connected with the power supply input end of the battery control unit BCU, the power supply input end of the TBOX and the wake-up enabling input end of the battery control unit BCU, the power supply output end of the storage battery is respectively connected with the battery control unit BCU and the TBOX through a rocker switch, and the battery control unit BCU is respectively connected with the battery management unit BMU, the DCDC converter and the TBOX through CAN communication; and the high-side driving output end of the battery control unit is connected with the driving input end of the DCDC converter.
An isolation diode is respectively arranged between the power supply output end of the DCDC converter and the power supply input end of the battery control unit BCU, and between the power supply output end of the storage battery and the power supply input end of the battery power supply control unit BCU; and an isolation diode is respectively arranged between the power supply output end of the DCDC converter and the power supply input end of the TBOX, and between the power supply output end of the storage battery and the power supply input end of the TBOX.
The monitoring system further comprises a charging state signal detection unit and a key signal detection unit, wherein the charging state detection unit respectively sends the detected charging state signals to an activation input end of the battery control unit BCU and an activation input end of the DCDC converter; the key signal detection unit sends the detected key gear signal to an activation input end of the battery control unit BCU and an activation input end of the DCDC converter, respectively.
And the TBOX is connected with the background terminal and is used for uploading the monitoring data.
A monitoring method of a monitoring system of a power battery,
judging whether the vehicle is in a parking state at the moment according to a charging state signal and a key signal, when the vehicle is in the parking state, powering down the DCDC converter to enter the sleep state, waking up an internal control circuit according to a wake-up time node set during powering down, detecting the charging state signal, the key signal and a high-side driving signal of a battery control unit after waking up, and when all the charging state signal, the key signal and the high-side driving signal disappear, outputting 24V electricity to supply power for the TBOX and a battery management system and simultaneously driving to wake up the battery control unit BCU, wherein the battery control unit performs self-checking to acquire battery monitoring data, sends the self-checking monitoring data to the TBOX through a whole vehicle CAN, and sends the self-checking monitoring data to a background terminal through the TBOX.
After the TBOX sends the data to the background terminal, the battery control unit stops outputting the high-side drive to the DCDC converter, and simultaneously, the DCDC converter is required to be powered down to enter a dormant state through a CAN sending message.
The wake-up time node set during power-down comprises: and setting a plurality of time points with different time intervals from the reference time origin as wake-up time nodes by taking the parking state as the reference time origin.
When the battery control unit of the node battery management system is awakened at the awakening time and detects that the SOC of the power battery is lower than a set value, the awakening is invalid at the moment, the battery control unit BCU prohibits a subsequent self-checking program, and sends a control signal to the DCDC converter through CAN communication to control the DCDC converter to stop outputting power supply.
The invention has the advantages that: the intelligent parking system has the advantages that the intelligent parking system is simple in structure, safe and reliable, each unit in the BMS system can be driven to work through the DCDC converter when parking is performed, so that the BMS is driven to start to patrol the battery state in the parking state and feed back to the background terminal, the battery state can be detected in the parking state, and the safety performance of the whole vehicle and the monitoring reliability are improved. The BMS can wake up and patrol the power battery system periodically in the vehicle parking power-down state, and can detect and evaluate parameters such as insulation, single voltage, temperature rise and the like in the power battery system, and display the parameters in a terminal background to effectively monitor the state of the power battery. The integrity of the power battery system is improved, and the power battery system can be powered down immediately after the inspection is finished, so that the low voltage of the whole vehicle and the loss of the power battery are not influenced
Drawings
The contents of the drawings and the marks in the drawings of the present specification are briefly described as follows:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention in further detail.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a monitoring system of a power battery comprises a battery control unit BCU, a battery management unit BMU, a storage battery, a TBOX, a DCDC converter and a power battery, wherein the output end of the power battery is connected with the DCDC converter, the power supply output end of the DCDC converter is respectively connected with the power supply input end of the battery control unit BCU, the power supply input end of the TBOX and the wake-up enabling input end of the battery control unit BCU, the power supply output end of the storage battery is respectively connected with the battery control unit BCU and the TBOX through a rocker switch, and the battery control unit BCU is respectively connected with the battery management unit BMU, the DCDC converter and the TBOX through CAN communication; the high-side driving output end of the battery control unit is connected with the driving input end of the DCDC converter. The BCU of the BMS that wakes up the sleep state is driven by the power supply output of the DCDC converter, so that the BCU performs self-checking of the battery system to perform detection in the parking state.
An isolation diode is respectively arranged between the power supply output end of the DCDC converter and the power supply input end of the battery control unit BCU, and between the power supply output end of the storage battery and the power supply input end of the battery power supply control unit BCU; an isolation diode is arranged between the power supply output end of the DCDC converter and the power supply input end of the TBOX, and between the power supply output end of the storage battery and the power supply input end of the TBOX.
The monitoring system further comprises a charging state signal detection unit and a key signal detection unit, wherein the charging state detection unit respectively sends the detected charging state signals to an activation input end of the battery control unit BCU and an activation input end of the DCDC converter; the key signal detection unit sends the detected key gear signal to the activation input terminal of the battery control unit BCU and the activation input terminal of the DCDC converter, respectively. The TBOX is connected with the background terminal and used for uploading the monitoring data.
A monitoring method of a monitoring system of a power battery judges whether the power battery is in a parking state at the moment according to a charging state signal and a key signal, when the power battery is in the parking state, a DCDC converter is powered down to enter the parking state, an internal control circuit is awakened according to an awakening time node set during power down, the charging state signal, the key signal and a high-side driving signal of a battery control unit are detected after awakening, when all the charging state signal, the key signal and the high-side driving signal of the battery control unit disappear, 24V power is output by the DCDC converter to serve as TBOX and the battery management system supplies power and simultaneously drives to awaken the battery control unit BCU, and the battery control unit performs self-checking to acquire battery monitoring data, sends the self-checking monitoring data to the TBOX through a whole vehicle CAN and sends the self-checking monitoring data to a background terminal through the TBOX.
After the TBOX sends the data to the background terminal, the battery control unit stops outputting the high-side drive to the DCDC converter, and simultaneously, the DCDC converter is required to be powered down to enter a dormant state through a CAN sending message.
The wake-up time node set during power-down comprises: and setting a plurality of time points with different time intervals from the reference time origin as wake-up time nodes by taking the parking state as the reference time origin. When the battery control unit of the node battery management system is awakened at the awakening time and detects that the SOC of the power battery is lower than a set value, the awakening is invalid at the moment, the battery control unit BCU prohibits a subsequent self-checking program, and sends a control signal to the DCDC converter through CAN communication to control the DCDC converter to stop outputting power supply.
As shown in fig. 1, the power supply aspect of fig. 1: the BCU is powered by two paths of power supplies, namely 24V of a lead storage battery and 24V of a power battery of the whole vehicle are respectively converted by DCDC, and two diodes are arranged between the two paths of power supplies to isolate the two paths of power supplies, so that series connection is prevented. And 24V of DCDC both powers the BCU and enables wakeup of the BCU. The BMU is powered by the BCU.
The whole vehicle TBOX is also powered by a lead storage battery 24V and a power battery 24V of the whole vehicle through DCDC conversion, and two diodes are arranged between the two power supplies to isolate so as to prevent serial power. In the communication aspect shown in fig. 1, the BCU, the BMU and the DCDC perform information interaction through the internal CAN. And the TBOX and the BCU carry out information interaction through the whole vehicle CAN. Under the condition that the vehicle is parked and powered down, the DCDC can wake up periodically according to a message instruction of the BCU before power failure, and the DCDC supplies power to the BCU and the TBOX and wakes up after working. After the BCU is started, the power battery system is inspected according to software setting. And sending the inspection result to the TBOX through the whole vehicle CAN in the form of CAN message, and finally reaching the background terminal. After the action is completed, the BCU sends a power-down instruction to the DCDC, and finally the DCDC and the BCU are in a power-down or dormant state and wait for the next awakening.
The utility model provides a under the circumstances of the power battery system on the vehicle of vehicle parking state of being down, carry out periodic monitoring to its insulation, electric core voltage, electric core temperature, SOC etc. do periodic inspection, judge in advance the power battery system trouble that probably takes place to report through whole car intelligent terminal, very big improvement the security of power battery system under the parking state. The main improvement of the scheme is how to drive the BCU etc. units in the wake-up BMS system. The present application employs a DCDC converter to drive control wakeup.
As shown in fig. 2, the monitoring system may be divided into three states of driving/charging/parking according to the state of the vehicle power battery.
1. Vehicle driving state
Driving state (discharge): when the vehicle is driven, the power is supplied by the whole vehicle lead-acid, the rocker switch is turned on, the BMS is supplied by the whole vehicle lead-acid, meanwhile, the KEYon signal is activated, and the BMS works. The DCDC does not output 24V because the key signal on the DCDC is active.
2. Vehicle state of charge
The charging stake a+ wakes up DCDC which outputs 24V power to the BMS and TBOX while a+ wakes up the BMS. The DCDC supplies 24V power of BMS and the whole car lead-acid 24V diode for the isolation, and outputs its operating condition to BMS through CAN message after DCDC work, DCDC is by CAN message and high flat drive and A+ as wake-up signal this moment simultaneously, and A+ is also kept apart with these two signals of high flat drive, prevents the cluster electricity.
At this time, the 24V power supply of the BMS is used as a wake-up signal, and the two signals are isolated to prevent serial power.
If the A+ signal is lost, the high-side drive CAN still be output and the CAN message communication is normal because the BMS is in a high level state, so that the DCDC CAN still work, and the BMS CAN obtain the DCDC power supply. ( After the loss of the A+ is prevented, the whole system has no low voltage electricity, and the charging relay is directly cut off by a large current load. The BMS can delay power-down, firstly requests to stop charging with the charging pile, and then cuts off the charging relay when the charging current is 0, and exits the charging process )
3. Vehicle parking state
When the A+ signal and the key-gear key signal disappear, the DCDC and the BMS enter a dormant state. But DCDC can be according to the wake-up time node self-wake-up internal control circuit that sets up when last time powering down, under the circumstances that detects A+, key and BMS high side drive all disappear, DCDC output 24V electricity and wake-up BMS, and BMS carries out the self-checking after and reports self-checking state to TBOX through whole car can, finally feeds back to the background terminal. After 5 minutes of software setting, the BMS stops outputting the high-side drive and requests the DCDC to be powered down through the CAN message. The DCDC enters the sleep state again according to the BMS message of the current state and the high-level driving state (low level at this time).
Period setting for self-wakeup monitoring scheme
No driving and charging conditions during the wake-up period: the first wake-up of DCDC is 1 hour after shutdown, the interval between the second wake-up and the first wake-up is 4 hours, the interval between the third wake-up and the second wake-up is 8 hours, the interval between the fourth wake-up and the third wake-up is 12 hours, and the subsequent wake-up lasts for 12 hours.
In the wake-up cycle there are driving and charging situations: low voltage power is applied after each driving or charging, and the time is used as the reference time origin to reenter the wake-up period of 1 hour, 4 hours, 8 hours and 12 hours
Self-wake-up working time length: after each wake-up of DCDC, BMS carries out self-checking and reports the state of the whole vehicle CAN and the battery system. After 5 minutes, the BMS stops the high level output and notifies the DCDC to power down. If the BMS finds that the battery system SOC is lower in self-wake-up, the BMS sends a wake-up mode to be invalid through can message, and subsequent wake-up is forbidden. After detecting that the SOC is increased to a set value after the subsequent BMS is powered on, the BMS continues to send a self-wake-up period
It is obvious that the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned modes, and that it is within the scope of protection of the present invention only to adopt various insubstantial modifications made by the method conception and technical scheme of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A monitoring method of a monitoring system of a power battery is characterized in that: the monitoring system comprises a battery control unit BCU, a battery management unit BMU, a storage battery, a TBOX, a DCDC converter and a power battery, wherein the output end of the power battery is connected with the DCDC converter, the power supply output end of the DCDC converter is respectively connected with the power supply input end of the battery control unit BCU, the power supply input end of the TBOX and the wake-up enabling input end of the battery control unit BCU, the power supply output end of the storage battery is respectively connected with the battery control unit BCU and the TBOX through a rocker switch, and the battery control unit BCU is respectively connected with the battery management unit BMU, the DCDC converter and the TBOX through CAN communication; the high-level driving output end of the battery control unit BCU is connected with the driving input end of the DCDC converter;
an isolation diode is respectively arranged between the power supply output end of the DCDC converter and the power supply input end of the battery control unit BCU, and between the power supply output end of the storage battery and the power supply input end of the battery power supply control unit BCU; an isolation diode is arranged between the power supply output end of the DCDC converter and the power supply input end of the TBOX, and between the power supply output end of the storage battery and the power supply input end of the TBOX;
the monitoring system further comprises a charging state signal detection unit and a key signal detection unit, wherein the charging state signal detection unit respectively sends the detected charging state signals to an activation input end of the battery control unit BCU and an activation input end of the DCDC converter; the key signal detection unit is used for respectively sending the detected key gear signals to an activation input end of the battery control unit BCU and an activation input end of the DCDC converter;
the TBOX is connected with the background terminal and is used for uploading monitoring data;
the monitoring method comprises the following steps:
judging whether the vehicle is in a parking state at the moment according to a charging state signal and a key signal, powering down the DCDC converter to enter the sleep state when the vehicle is in the parking state, waking up an internal control circuit according to a wake-up time node set during powering down, detecting the charging state signal, the key signal and a high-level driving signal of a battery control unit BCU after waking up, outputting 24V electricity as TBOX and supplying power to the battery control unit BCU and simultaneously driving the wake-up battery control unit BCU when all the three signals disappear, and carrying out self-checking by the battery control unit BCU to obtain battery monitoring data, transmitting the self-checking monitoring data to the TBOX through a whole vehicle CAN and transmitting the self-checking monitoring data to a background terminal through the TBOX;
after the TBOX sends data to the background terminal, the battery control unit BCU stops outputting the high-level drive to the DCDC converter and simultaneously requests the DCDC converter to be powered down to enter a dormant state through a CAN sending message;
the wake-up time node set during power-down comprises: taking the parking state as a reference time origin, and setting a plurality of time points with different time intervals from the reference time origin as wake-up time nodes;
when the battery control unit BCU of the node battery management system is awakened at the awakening time and detects that the SOC of the power battery is lower than a set value, the awakening is invalid at the moment, the battery control unit BCU prohibits a subsequent self-checking program and sends a control signal to the DCDC converter through CAN communication to control the DCDC converter to stop outputting power supply;
the monitoring system can be divided into three states of driving, charging and parking according to the state of the vehicle power battery:
vehicle driving state: when the vehicle is driven, the whole vehicle is powered by lead acid, the rocker switch is turned on, the battery control unit BCU is powered by the whole vehicle by lead acid, and meanwhile, the key signal is activated, and the battery control unit BCU works; because the key signal on the DCDC is valid, the DCDC does not output 24V electricity;
vehicle state of charge: the charging pile A+ wakes up DCDC, the DCDC outputs 24V electricity to the battery control unit BCU and the TBOX, and meanwhile, the battery control unit BCU is waken up by the A+ s up; the DCDC is used for isolating 24V electricity of the battery control unit BCU from a diode for 24V electricity of the whole vehicle lead-acid battery, and outputting the working state of the DCDC to the battery control unit BCU through a CAN message after the DCDC works, and at the moment, the DCDC is simultaneously driven by the CAN message and the high level and A+ as wake-up signals, and the two signals of A+ and the high level are also isolated to prevent the serial electricity; at the moment, 24V electricity of the battery control unit BCU and the DCDC are used as wake-up signals at the same time, and the two signals are isolated to prevent serial electricity;
if the A+ signal is lost, the battery control unit BCU is in a high level state, so that high-level driving CAN still be output and CAN message communication is normal, DCDC CAN still be ensured to work, the battery control unit BCU CAN obtain DCDC power supply, the whole system is prevented from being free of low voltage after the A+ signal is lost, and the charging relay is directly disconnected with a large current load; the battery control unit BCU can delay power-down, firstly requests to stop charging with the charging pile, cuts off the charging relay when the charging current is 0, and exits the charging process;
vehicle parking state: when the A+ signal and the key signal disappear, the DCDC and the battery control unit BCU enter a dormant state; however, the DCDC can self-wake up the internal control circuit according to a wake-up time node set when the power is turned off last time, when detecting that the high-level driving of the A+, the key and the BCU is disappeared, the DCDC outputs 24V power and wakes up a battery control unit BCU, and the battery control unit BCU reports a self-checking state to the TBOX through the can of the whole vehicle after self-checking, and finally feeds back to the background terminal; after the battery control unit BCU stops outputting the high-level drive after the battery control unit BCU is set for 5 minutes through software, and DCDC power-down is required through a CAN message; and the DCDC enters the sleep state again according to the BCU message of the current state and the high-level driving state, wherein the high-level driving state is low level at the moment.
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