CN110855219B

CN110855219B - Container type photovoltaic power generation system

Info

Publication number: CN110855219B
Application number: CN201911297521.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈怀忠
Original assignee: Zhejiang Industry Polytechnic College
Current assignee: Zhejiang Industry Polytechnic College
Priority date: 2019-12-17
Filing date: 2019-12-17
Publication date: 2020-09-01
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-17
Also published as: CN110855219A

Abstract

A container type photovoltaic power generation system belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation. The solar container comprises a container, a first photovoltaic component, a second photovoltaic component, a sun tracking sensor and a controller, wherein the left side and the right side of the container are respectively provided with a first cover sealing mechanism for closing or opening the left side and the right side of the container, the top end of the container is provided with a second cover sealing mechanism for closing or opening the top end of the container, a partition board is fixedly arranged in the container and divides the space in the container into an upper layer accommodating cavity and a lower layer accommodating cavity, the first photovoltaic component is positioned in the upper layer accommodating cavity, and the second photovoltaic component is respectively positioned on the left side and the right side of the lower layer accommodating cavity. According to the invention, the first photovoltaic module and the second photovoltaic module are accommodated in the container, so that the integral transportation of the power generation device is realized, the maneuverability is improved, the transportation cost is reduced, and the defects that the existing photovoltaic power station cannot be moved and must be installed on site at an installation site are overcome.

Description

Container type photovoltaic power generation system

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and particularly relates to a container type photovoltaic power generation system.

Background

Energy is the most fundamental driving force for development and economic growth throughout the world, and is the basis on which humans rely for survival. With the increasingly tense energy supply and the increasingly aggravated environmental deterioration, the energy conservation and emission reduction force of the country is continuously increased, the awareness of energy conservation and environmental protection is continuously improved, and the photovoltaic power station and the solar grid-connected power generation system become one of the key fields of energy conservation and emission reduction of the country.

The existing photovoltaic power stations are constructed on site, basic construction is generally carried out firstly, machine room construction and photovoltaic cell panel support construction are included, and then equipment installation and photovoltaic cell panel assembling work are carried out. These operations are all completed on site at the installation site, and have the problems of difficult quality control, climate limitation on project construction period and the like. After the photovoltaic power station is finished, if the power station needs to be moved, the cost is huge and the carrying is difficult. Moreover, the output power of the existing solar photovoltaic system is easy to oscillate near the maximum power point, which results in low energy conversion efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly solves the technical problems in the prior art and provides a container type photovoltaic power generation system.

The technical problem of the invention is mainly solved by the following technical scheme: a container type photovoltaic power generation system comprises a container, a first photovoltaic module, a second photovoltaic module, a sun tracking sensor and a controller, wherein the left side and the right side of the container are respectively provided with a first cover sealing mechanism used for closing or opening the left side and the right side of the container, the top end of the container is provided with a second cover sealing mechanism used for closing or opening the top end of the container, a partition plate is fixedly arranged in the container and divides the space in the container into an upper layer accommodating cavity and a lower layer accommodating cavity, the first photovoltaic module is positioned in the upper layer accommodating cavity, and the second photovoltaic module is respectively positioned on the left side and the right side of the lower layer accommodating cavity; the first photovoltaic module comprises a first base, a first solar cell panel and a first driving mechanism for adjusting the inclination angle of the first base, the first solar cell panel is fixedly arranged at the top end of the first base, and the first driving mechanism is arranged on the partition plate and connected with the first base; the photovoltaic module comprises a plurality of photovoltaic supports, a second base, a second solar panel and a second driving mechanism for adjusting the inclination angle of the second base, wherein the second driving mechanism is arranged on the photovoltaic supports and connected with the second base; the controller is arranged on the container and is respectively and electrically connected with the sun tracking sensor, the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism;

first closing cap mechanism includes first spout, first closing cap board, first universal wheel and first hinge, be connected through first hinge between the first closing cap board, one of them first closing cap board can be through outside or the internal rotation folding to rather than adjacent another of first closing cap board's lateral surface or medial surface, first universal wheel is fixed mounting respectively in the top and the bottom of first closing cap board, first universal wheel and first spout phase-match, and the first spout of sliding connection, first spout is fixed mounting respectively at the top and the bottom of container.

Preferably, the first cover sealing mechanism further comprises a first limiting rod for limiting the movement of the first cover sealing plate, and the first limiting rod is hinged to the bottom of the container.

Preferably, the second cover sealing mechanism comprises a second sliding groove, a second cover sealing plate, a second universal wheel and a second hinge, the second cover sealing plate is connected with the second hinge, one of the second cover sealing plate can be folded to the other adjacent second cover sealing plate through the second hinge in an outward or inward rotating mode, the second universal wheel is fixedly installed on two sides of the second cover sealing plate respectively, the second universal wheel is matched with the second sliding groove and is in sliding connection with the second sliding groove, and the second sliding groove is fixedly installed on two sides of the top end of the container respectively.

Preferably, the second cover sealing mechanism further comprises a second limiting rod for limiting the second cover sealing plate to move, and the second limiting rod is hinged to the top end of the container

Preferably, the first driving mechanism comprises a first air cylinder and a second air cylinder, the first air cylinder and the second air cylinder are respectively and fixedly installed on the left side and the right side of the top end of the partition plate, and the output end of the first air cylinder and the output end of the second air cylinder are both connected with the bottom end of the first base.

Preferably, the fixing mechanism comprises a first connecting piece, a second connecting piece and a pin, the first connecting piece is connected with the photovoltaic support, the second connecting piece is connected with the sliding block, and the second connecting piece is hinged to the first connecting piece through the pin.

Preferably, the second driving mechanism comprises a third cylinder and a fourth cylinder, the third cylinder and the fourth cylinder are respectively and fixedly installed on the left side and the right side of the top end of the photovoltaic support, and the output end of the third cylinder and the output end of the fourth cylinder are both connected with the bottom end of the second base.

Preferably, the folding and unfolding mechanism comprises a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a spring and a connecting piece, the first connecting rod is fixedly installed on the first connecting plate, the second connecting rod is fixedly installed on the second connecting plate, two ends of the spring are respectively connected with the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod, two ends of the connecting piece are respectively hinged with the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate, the first connecting plate is composed of a first fixing portion and a first sector gear which are connected into a whole, the second connecting plate is composed of a second fixing portion and a second sector gear which are connected into a whole, the first sector gear is meshed with the second sector gear, and the first fixing portion and the second fixing portion are respectively welded on two adjacent photovoltaic supports.

Preferably, the controller comprises a dual-mode control unit, an electric quantity parameter detection unit, an execution unit and a monitoring display unit, the monitoring display unit is connected with the dual-mode control unit, the dual-mode control unit comprises a single chip microcomputer, a switching value module, an analog quantity input module, an analog quantity output module, a mode selection module, a PID controller and an expert PID controller, the single chip microcomputer is respectively connected with the switching value module, the analog quantity input module, the analog quantity output module, the mode selection module, the PID controller and the expert PID controller, the mode selection module is respectively connected with the switching value module, the PID controller and the expert PID controller, the electric quantity parameter detection unit is connected with the analog quantity input module, the first solar cell panel, the second solar cell panel and the execution unit, the execution unit comprises a PWM controller, a Boost duty ratio control circuit and a DC/DC conversion circuit which are sequentially connected, the PWM controller is connected with the analog quantity output module, and the DC/DC direct current-to-direct current conversion circuit is connected with the first solar cell panel and the second solar cell panel.

Preferably, the electric quantity parameter detection unit comprises an input electric quantity detection circuit and an output electric quantity detection circuit, the input electric quantity detection circuit is connected with the first solar cell panel and the second solar cell panel, and the output electric quantity detection circuit is connected with the DC/DC direct current to direct current conversion circuit.

The invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the first photovoltaic module and the second photovoltaic module are accommodated in the container, so that the integral transportation of the power generation device is realized, the maneuverability is improved, the transportation cost is reduced, and the defects that the existing photovoltaic power station cannot be moved and must be installed on site at an installation site are overcome. By adopting the design of the first cover sealing mechanism and the second cover sealing mechanism, on one hand, the first photovoltaic module and the second photovoltaic module can be protected during transportation and when the first cover sealing mechanism and the second cover sealing mechanism are not used, so that the first solar cell panel and the second solar cell panel are prevented from being damaged, and on the other hand, the top end and the left side and the right side of the container can be conveniently and quickly opened, so that the first photovoltaic module and the second photovoltaic module can be quickly moved out of the container for photovoltaic power generation. The solar tracking system monitors the position of the sun in real time through the sun tracking sensor, and transmits the monitored information to the controller, and the controller changes the inclination angles of the first solar cell panel and the second solar cell panel by controlling the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism, so that the first solar cell panel and the second solar cell panel always face the side with the strongest solar intensity to absorb more sunlight, and the maximum power generation efficiency is achieved. According to the invention, by adopting the design of the folding and unfolding mechanism, the first sector gear is meshed with the second sector gear, the photovoltaic bracket is ensured to be always stable in the unfolding or folding process, the constant center distance between the first sector gear and the second sector gear is ensured by arranging the connecting sheet, the separation of the first sector gear and the second sector gear in the unfolding or folding process is avoided, and by arranging the spring, when the photovoltaic bracket is unfolded or folded at a certain angle, the photovoltaic bracket can be automatically unfolded or automatically folded under the action of the tensile force of the spring, so that the acting force for unfolding or folding the photovoltaic bracket is reduced. According to the invention, the second photovoltaic module is connected with the partition plate in a sliding manner through the sliding block, so that the second photovoltaic module can be conveniently and rapidly moved out of the container, and the buffer with the short cylindrical bulge is arranged on the sliding block, so that when the second photovoltaic module is moved out of the container, most impact force of the limiting plate on the sliding block can be absorbed by the short cylindrical bulge, and the buffer has a better buffering effect. The invention introduces the dual-mode control consisting of the PID controller and the expert PID controller, and the PID controller and the expert PID controller can be automatically switched under certain conditions, so that the invention has the advantages of PID control, has the self-adaptability and flexibility of the expert PID control, has good dynamic and steady-state performance, can effectively eliminate the oscillation of the solar photovoltaic system at the maximum power point, reduces energy loss and improves energy conversion efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first closure plate according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a first runner of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a view showing a state of use of the first cover plate and the first stopper rod according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a second cover of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a second chute of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a view showing a state of use of the second cover plate and the second stopper rod according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a diagram of a second photovoltaic module according to the present invention in use;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of one configuration of the deployment mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged schematic view of portion A of FIG. 8;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged schematic view of section B of FIG. 8;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a photovoltaic support of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of one construction of the securing mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a first photovoltaic module according to the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a buffer according to the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a view of a leg of the present invention in use;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of one construction of the leg of the present invention;

fig. 18 is a block circuit diagram of the controller of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a container; 2. a first photovoltaic module; 3. a second photovoltaic module; 4. a solar tracking sensor; 5. a controller; 6. a first capping mechanism; 7. a second capping mechanism; 8. a partition plate; 9. an upper layer accommodating cavity; 10. a lower layer accommodating cavity; 11. a first base; 12. a first solar cell panel; 13. a slide rail; 14. a slider; 15. a fixing mechanism; 16. a photovoltaic support; 17. a second base; 18. a second solar panel; 19. a first limit rod; 20. a second chute; 21. a second cover sealing plate; 22. a second universal wheel; 23. a second hinge; 24. a second invisible handle; 25. a second limiting rod; 26. a first cylinder; 27. a second cylinder; 28. a first connecting member; 29. a second connecting member; 30. a pin; 31. a third cylinder; 32. a fourth cylinder; 33. a first link; 34. a second link; 35. a first connecting plate; 36. a second connecting plate; 37. a spring; 38. connecting sheets; 39. a first fixed part; 40. a first sector gear; 41. a second fixed part; 42. a second sector gear; 43. a U-shaped connecting piece; 44. a support leg; 45. a limiting plate; 46. a buffer; 47. a short cylindrical protrusion; 48. a first chute; 49. a first cover sealing plate; 50. a first universal wheel; 51. a first hinge; 52. a first invisible handle; 53. a dual mode control unit; 54. an electric quantity parameter detection unit; 55. an execution unit; 56. monitoring the display unit; 57. a single chip microcomputer; 58. a switching value module; 59. an analog input module; 60. an analog quantity output module; 61. a mode selection module; 62. a PID controller; 63. an expert PID controller; 64. a PWM controller; 65. a Boost duty cycle control circuit; 66. a DC/DC-to-DC conversion circuit; 67. an input electric quantity detection circuit; 68. an output electric quantity detection circuit; 69. and (4) a storage battery.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

Example (b): the utility model provides a container formula photovoltaic power generation system, as shown in fig. 1-17, including container 1, first photovoltaic module 2, second photovoltaic module 3, sun-tracking sensor 4 and controller 5, the left and right sides and the top of container 1 are all opened, the left and right sides of container 1 is equipped with the first closing cap mechanism 6 that is used for closed or open the 1 left and right sides of container respectively, the top of container 1 is equipped with the second closing cap mechanism 7 that is used for closed or open container 1 top, fixed mounting has baffle 8 in the container 1, baffle 8 separates the space in the container 1 into the upper strata and holds chamber 9 and the chamber 10 is held to the lower floor, first photovoltaic module 2 is located the upper strata and holds the chamber 9, second photovoltaic module 3 is located the left and right sides that the chamber 10 is held to the lower floor respectively.

First photovoltaic module 2 includes first base 11, first solar cell panel 12 and adjusts the first actuating mechanism of 11 inclination of first base, first solar cell panel 12 fixed mounting is on the top of first base 11, first actuating mechanism includes first cylinder 26 and second cylinder 27, first cylinder 26 and second cylinder 27 are fixed mounting respectively in the left and right sides on 8 tops of baffle, the output of first cylinder 26 and the output of second cylinder 27 all are connected with the bottom of first base 11, first cylinder 26 and second cylinder 27 adopt multistage telescopic cylinder.

The left and right sides of baffle 8 bottom all is equipped with slide rail 13, sliding connection has slider 14 on slide rail 13, the inboard of second photovoltaic module 3 is equipped with fixed establishment 15 to through fixed establishment 15 and slider 14 fixed connection, second photovoltaic module 3 includes a plurality of photovoltaic supports 16, second base 17, second solar cell panel 18 and adjusts the second actuating mechanism of second base 17 inclination, second actuating mechanism includes third cylinder 31 and fourth cylinder 32, third cylinder 31 and fourth cylinder 32 are fixed mounting respectively in the left and right sides of photovoltaic support 16 top, the output of third cylinder 31 and the output of fourth cylinder 32 all are connected with the bottom of second base 17, third cylinder 31 and fourth cylinder 32 adopt multistage telescopic cylinder, second solar cell panel 18 fixed mounting is on the top of second base 17, the fixing mechanism 15 comprises a first connecting piece 28, a second connecting piece 29 and a pin 30, wherein the first connecting piece 28 is connected with the photovoltaic bracket 16, the second connecting piece 29 is connected with the sliding block 14, and the second connecting piece 29 is hinged with the first connecting piece 28 through the pin 30.

A folding and unfolding mechanism is arranged between two adjacent photovoltaic supports 16, the photovoltaic supports 16 are unfolded outwards or folded inwards through the folding and unfolding mechanism, the folding and unfolding mechanism comprises a first connecting plate 35, a second connecting plate 36, a first connecting rod 33, a second connecting rod 34, a spring 37 and a connecting plate 38, the first connecting rod 33 is fixedly installed on the first connecting plate 35, the second connecting rod 34 is fixedly installed on the second connecting plate 36, the first connecting rod 33 and the second connecting rod 34 are symmetrically arranged, two ends of the spring 37 are respectively connected with the first connecting rod 33 and the second connecting rod 34, two ends of the connecting plate 38 are respectively hinged with the first connecting plate 35 and the second connecting plate 36, the first connecting plate 35 is composed of a first fixing part 39 and a first sector gear 40 which are connected into a whole, the second connecting plate 36 is composed of a second fixing part 41 and a second sector gear 42 which are connected into a whole, the first sector gear 40 is engaged with the second sector gear 42, and the first fixing portion 39 and the second fixing portion 41 are respectively welded to two adjacent photovoltaic supports 16, that is, the first fixing portion 39 is welded to one of the photovoltaic supports 16, and the second fixing portion 41 is welded to the other photovoltaic support 16 adjacent to the one photovoltaic support 16.

The sun tracking sensor 4 is arranged at the top end of the container 1, the sun tracking sensor 4 is a conventional product in the prior art, the basic principle of the sun tracking sensor is that the output change of a photoelectronic device is caused by the shielding change of sunlight, so that the tracking direction is obtained, and the sun tracking sensor 4 is also a sun position sensor; the controller 5 is arranged on the container 1, the controller 5 is respectively and electrically connected with the sun tracking sensor 4, the first cylinder 26, the second cylinder 27, the third cylinder 31 and the fourth cylinder 32, the sun tracking sensor 4 monitors the direction of the sun in real time and transmits the monitored information to the controller 5, the controller 5 adjusts the inclination angles of the first solar cell panel 12 and the second solar cell panel 18 by controlling the first cylinder 26, the second cylinder 27, the third cylinder 31 and the fourth cylinder 32, so that the first solar cell panel 12 and the second solar cell panel 18 face the side with the strongest solar intensity all the time, more sunlight is absorbed, and the maximum power generation efficiency is achieved.

The first cover sealing mechanism 6 comprises a plurality of first sliding grooves 48, first cover sealing plates 49, first universal wheels 50 and first hinges 51, the first cover sealing plates 49 are connected through the first hinges 51, one first cover sealing plate 49 can be folded to the outer side face or the inner side face of the other adjacent first cover sealing plate 49 through the first hinges 51 in an outward or inward rotating mode, the first universal wheels 50 are fixedly installed at the top end and the bottom end of the first cover sealing plate 49 respectively, the first universal wheels 50 are matched with the first sliding grooves 48 and are in sliding connection with the first sliding grooves 48, the first sliding grooves 48 are fixedly installed at the top and the bottom of the container 1 respectively, first invisible handles 52 are arranged on the outer side faces of the first cover sealing plates 49, and the bottom of the container 1 is hinged with a first limiting rod 19. The first invisible handle 52 is pulled outwards, so that the first cover plate 49 can be folded, and then the first cover plate 49 is pushed to one end of the container 1, so that the left side or the right side of the container 1 is opened, meanwhile, the first folded cover plate 49 is limited by rotating the first limiting rod 19, and the first cover plate 49 is prevented from being restored under the action of the first universal wheel 50.

The second cover sealing mechanism 7 comprises a second sliding groove 20, a second cover sealing plate 21, a second universal wheel 22 and a second hinge 23, the second cover sealing plate 21 is provided with a plurality of second cover sealing plates, the second cover sealing plates 21 are connected through the second hinge 23, one of the second cover sealing plates 21 can be folded to another adjacent second cover sealing plate through the second hinge 23 in an outward or inward rotating mode, the second universal wheel 22 is fixedly installed on two sides of the second cover sealing plate 21 respectively, the second universal wheel 22 is matched with the second sliding groove 20 and is connected with the second sliding groove 20 in a sliding mode, the second sliding grooves 20 are fixedly installed on two sides of the top end of the container 1 respectively, a second invisible handle 24 is arranged on the outer side of the second cover sealing plate 21, and a second limiting rod 25 is hinged to the top end of the container. The stealthy handle 24 of second of outside pulling can make and fold between the second closing cap board 21, then pushes away second closing cap board 21 to the one end of container 1 to open the top of container 1, simultaneously, through rotatory second gag lever post 25, it is spacing to carry out the second closing cap board 21 after folding, prevents that second closing cap board 21 from recovering under the effect of second universal wheel 22.

The bottom end of the photovoltaic support 16 is provided with a U-shaped connecting piece 43, and the U-shaped connecting piece 43 is hinged with a supporting leg 44. When the photovoltaic support 16 is unfolded and laid, the supporting legs 44 are rotated, the supporting legs 44 play a supporting role and are used for bearing the weight of the photovoltaic support 16, when the photovoltaic support 16 is folded and folded, the supporting legs 44 are rotated, and the supporting legs 44 are folded into the bottom of the photovoltaic support 16, so that the space occupation is saved, and the photovoltaic support 16 can be conveniently folded.

Limiting plates 45 are arranged at two ends of the sliding rail 13, buffers 46 are fixedly mounted at two ends of the sliding block 14, and a plurality of short cylindrical protrusions 47 are arranged on the outer side surface of each buffer 46. In the process that the second photovoltaic module 3 moves out of the container 1, the short cylindrical protrusion 47 can absorb most of the impact force of the limiting plate 45 on the sliding block 14, so that the buffer 46 has a better buffer effect.

As shown in fig. 18, the controller 5 includes a dual-mode control unit 53, an electric quantity parameter detection unit 54, an execution unit 55 and a monitoring display unit 56, the monitoring display unit 56 is connected to the dual-mode control unit 53, the dual-mode control unit 53 includes a single chip 57, a switching value module 58, an analog input module 59, an analog output module 60, a mode selection module 61, a PID controller 62 and an expert PID controller 63, the single chip 57 is respectively connected to the switching value module 58, the analog input module 59, the analog output module 60, the mode selection module 61, the PID controller 62 and the expert PID controller 63, the mode selection module 61 is respectively connected to the switching value module 58, the PID controller 62 and the expert PID controller 63, the switching value module 58 is used for opening selection of a channel of the mode selection module 61, determining whether the channel of the PID controller 62 is opened or the channel of the expert PID controller 63, the electric quantity parameter detection unit 54 is connected with an analog quantity input module 59, the first solar cell panel 12, the second solar cell panel 18 and an execution unit 55, the execution unit 55 comprises a PWM controller 64, a Boost duty ratio control circuit 65 and a DC/DC direct current conversion circuit 66 which are sequentially connected, the PWM controller 64 is connected with an analog quantity output module 60, the DC/DC direct current conversion circuit 66 is connected with the first solar cell panel 12 and the second solar cell panel 18, and the DC/DC direct current conversion circuit 66 is connected with a storage battery 69 to charge the storage battery 69.

The electric quantity parameter detection unit 54 comprises an input electric quantity detection circuit 67 and an output electric quantity detection circuit 68, the input electric quantity detection circuit 67 is connected with the first solar cell panel 12 and the second solar cell panel 18, the output electric quantity detection circuit 68 is connected with the DC/DC direct current to direct current conversion circuit 66 and the storage battery 69, the electric quantity parameter detection unit transmits electric quantity signals of the first solar cell panel 12, the second solar cell panel 18, the DC/DC direct current to direct current conversion circuit 66 and the storage battery 69 to the analog quantity input module 59, and the analog quantity input module 59 transmits the electric quantity signals to the single chip microcomputer 57.

The monitoring display unit 56 is a display screen, and the monitoring display unit 56 is connected with the single chip microcomputer 57 in the dual-mode control unit 53, and can complete functions of parameter setting, operation mode setting, various parameter display, operation state, alarming, data statistics and the like on site.

The PID controller 62 is often used in solar photovoltaic Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control, but in a complex lighting environment, the parameter online automatic optimization and adjustment function of the PID controller 62 is slightly insufficient. The expert PID controller 63 combines expert control and PID control, can simulate control knowledge and experience of human experts, has control knowledge of solar photovoltaic Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), and can determine the output action of the photovoltaic MPPT according to the magnitude of the absolute value of the control output error and the change direction of the absolute value of the control error, so that the output control error is reduced rapidly. When the external illumination intensity changes obviously, the electric quantity parameter detection unit transmits electric quantity signals of the first solar cell panel 12, the second solar cell panel 18, the DC/DC direct current-to-direct current conversion circuit 66 and the storage battery 69 to the analog quantity input module 59, the analog quantity input module 59 processes the electric quantity signals and transmits the electric quantity signals to the single chip microcomputer 57, the single chip microcomputer 57 analyzes and processes the data according to the control output error absolute value, the change direction of the error absolute value, the power deviation rate and other parameter change conditions, and compares the data with the power output value preset in advance by the mode selection module 61 and other related parameters, and the single chip microcomputer 57 controls the channel state of the switching quantity module 58 and selects whether the channel of the PID controller 62 or the channel of the expert PID controller 63 is opened.

When the output power of the photovoltaic power generation works near the maximum power point and the error precision requirement is in a set range, the mode selection module 61 selects and switches the channel of the expert PID controller 63; when the photovoltaic power generation output power deviates from the maximum power point and the error precision requirement exceeds a set range, the mode selection module 61 selects and switches the PID controller 62 channel. The control mode can accurately and quickly track the maximum power point of photovoltaic power generation, avoid oscillation at the maximum power point and improve energy conversion efficiency.

The expert PID controller 63 and the PID controller 62 can comprehensively judge and process the deviation between the actual value and the set value of the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system, the power deviation change rate, the magnitude of the absolute value of the power output error, the change direction of the absolute value of the error and the like, continuously optimize and adjust PID parameters on line, call a PID operation subprogram of the singlechip 57, transmit the processed related parameters to the analog output module 60 by the singlechip 57, output the processed parameters to the PWM controller 64 by the analog output module 60, adjust the duty ratio signal of the Boost duty ratio control circuit 65 by the PWM controller 64 through continuous optimization, control the duty ratio of the Boost duty ratio control circuit 65, thereby control the switch-on time of the DC/DC direct current conversion circuit 66, determine the magnitude change of the photovoltaic output power through the switch-on time, and enable the solar photovoltaic power output to be continuously close to the maximum power point, the output power is controlled to be within a small area around the maximum power point.

The expert PID controller 63 takes the solar photovoltaic MPPT power set value, the system power error, the power error change rate and the power output as input, the expert PID controller 63 firstly refers to the set value and the system power error, then inquires the expert knowledge set, the expert knowledge set is loaded with knowledge experiences of a plurality of different experts in advance, finally judgment of the expert knowledge is carried out, and the set value, the system power error and the power output are combined with the matrix rule of the expert knowledge set to obtain corresponding control quantity. The system power error and the power error change rate are used as keys for reflecting the performance and the adjusting function of the singlechip 57, and effective modification prompts can be provided for the established expert system. According to the principle of expert PID, three parameters of PID are continuously modified on line, the PID is continuously self-learned and self-adjusted on line, the PID subprogram is called by the singlechip 57 for control, and the execution unit 53 is controlled by the analog output module 60, so that the purpose of improving the output efficiency of photovoltaic power is achieved. Due to the adoption of the dual-mode control formed by the PID controller 62 and the expert PID controller 63, the oscillation of the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system at the maximum power point can be effectively reduced, and the energy conversion efficiency is improved.

In conclusion, the first photovoltaic module and the second photovoltaic module are accommodated in the container, so that the whole transportation of the power generation device is realized, the maneuverability is improved, the transportation cost is reduced, and the defects that the existing photovoltaic power station cannot be moved and needs to be installed on the site of an installation site are overcome. By adopting the design of the first cover sealing mechanism and the second cover sealing mechanism, on one hand, the first photovoltaic module and the second photovoltaic module can be protected in the transportation process or when not used, so that the first solar cell panel and the second solar cell panel are prevented from being damaged, and on the other hand, the top end and the left side and the right side of the container are conveniently and quickly opened, so that the first photovoltaic module and the second photovoltaic module are moved out of the container for photovoltaic power generation. The solar tracking system monitors the position of the sun in real time through the sun tracking sensor, and transmits the monitored information to the controller, and the controller changes the inclination angles of the first solar cell panel and the second solar cell panel by controlling the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism, so that the first solar cell panel and the second solar cell panel always face the side with the strongest solar intensity to absorb more sunlight, and the maximum power generation efficiency is achieved. According to the invention, by adopting the design of the folding and unfolding mechanism, the first sector gear is meshed with the second sector gear, the photovoltaic bracket is ensured to be always stable in the unfolding or folding process, the constant center distance between the first sector gear and the second sector gear is ensured by arranging the connecting sheet, the separation of the first sector gear and the second sector gear in the unfolding or folding process is avoided, and by arranging the spring, when the photovoltaic bracket is unfolded or folded at a certain angle, the photovoltaic bracket can be automatically unfolded or automatically folded under the action of the tensile force of the spring, so that the acting force for unfolding or folding the photovoltaic bracket is reduced. According to the invention, the second photovoltaic module is connected with the partition plate in a sliding manner through the sliding block, so that the second photovoltaic module can be conveniently and rapidly moved out of the container, and the buffer with the short cylindrical bulge is arranged on the sliding block, so that when the second photovoltaic module is moved out of the container, most impact force of the limiting plate on the sliding block can be absorbed by the short cylindrical bulge, and the buffer has a better buffering effect. The invention introduces the dual-mode control consisting of the PID controller and the expert PID controller, and the PID controller and the expert PID controller can be automatically switched under certain conditions, so that the invention has the advantages of PID control, has the self-adaptability and flexibility of the expert PID control, has good dynamic and steady-state performance, can effectively eliminate the oscillation of the solar photovoltaic system at the maximum power point, reduces energy loss and improves energy conversion efficiency.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely representative examples of the present invention. It is obvious that the invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but that many variations are possible. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments in accordance with the technical spirit of the present invention should be considered to be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A container type photovoltaic power generation system comprises a container, a first photovoltaic module, a second photovoltaic module, a sun tracking sensor and a controller, and is characterized in that the left side and the right side of the container are respectively provided with a first cover sealing mechanism used for closing or opening the left side and the right side of the container, the top end of the container is provided with a second cover sealing mechanism used for closing or opening the top end of the container, a partition plate is fixedly arranged in the container and divides the space in the container into an upper layer accommodating cavity and a lower layer accommodating cavity, the first photovoltaic module is positioned in the upper layer accommodating cavity, and the second photovoltaic module is respectively positioned on the left side and the right side of the lower layer accommodating cavity; the first photovoltaic module comprises a first base, a first solar cell panel and a first driving mechanism for adjusting the inclination angle of the first base, the first solar cell panel is fixedly arranged at the top end of the first base, and the first driving mechanism is arranged on the partition plate and connected with the first base; the photovoltaic module comprises a plurality of photovoltaic supports, a second base, a second solar panel and a second driving mechanism for adjusting the inclination angle of the second base, wherein the second driving mechanism is arranged on the photovoltaic supports and connected with the second base; the controller is arranged on the container and is respectively and electrically connected with the sun tracking sensor, the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism;

the first cover sealing mechanism comprises first sliding grooves, first cover sealing plates, first universal wheels and first hinges, the first cover sealing plates are connected through the first hinges, one first cover sealing plate can be folded to the outer side face or the inner side face of the other adjacent first cover sealing plate through the first hinges in an outward or inward rotating mode, the first universal wheels are fixedly installed at the top end and the bottom end of the first cover sealing plate respectively, the first universal wheels are matched with the first sliding grooves and are connected with the first sliding grooves in a sliding mode, and the first sliding grooves are fixedly installed at the top and the bottom of the container respectively;

the second closing cap mechanism includes the second spout, second closing cap board, second universal wheel and second hinge, be connected through the second hinge between the second closing cap board, one of them the second closing cap board can be through outside or the internal rotation folding to rather than adjacent another of second hinge lateral surface or medial surface of second closing cap board, the second universal wheel is fixed mounting respectively in the both sides of second closing cap board, second universal wheel and second spout phase-match, and sliding connection second spout, the second spout is fixed mounting respectively in the both sides on container top.

2. The container-type photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the first cover mechanism further comprises a first limit rod for limiting the movement of the first cover plate, and the first limit rod is hinged to the bottom of the container.

3. The container-type photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the second cover mechanism further comprises a second limiting rod for limiting the movement of the second cover plate, and the second limiting rod is hinged to the top end of the container.

4. The container type photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the first driving mechanism comprises a first cylinder and a second cylinder, the first cylinder and the second cylinder are respectively and fixedly installed at the left side and the right side of the top end of the partition plate, and the output end of the first cylinder and the output end of the second cylinder are both connected with the bottom end of the first base.

5. The container-type photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the fixing mechanism comprises a first connecting member, a second connecting member and a pin, the first connecting member is connected with the photovoltaic support, the second connecting member is connected with the sliding block, and the second connecting member is hinged to the first connecting member through the pin.

6. The container type photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the second driving mechanism comprises a third cylinder and a fourth cylinder, the third cylinder and the fourth cylinder are respectively and fixedly installed on the left side and the right side of the top end of the photovoltaic support, and the output end of the third cylinder and the output end of the fourth cylinder are both connected with the bottom end of the second base.

7. The container type photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the folding and unfolding mechanism includes a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a spring and a connecting plate, the first connecting rod is fixedly mounted on the first connecting plate, the second connecting rod is fixedly mounted on the second connecting plate, two ends of the spring are respectively connected with the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod, two ends of the connecting plate are respectively hinged with the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate, the first connecting plate is composed of a first fixing portion and a first sector gear which are integrally connected, the second connecting plate is composed of a second fixing portion and a second sector gear which are integrally connected, the first sector gear is engaged with the second sector gear, and the first fixing portion and the second fixing portion are respectively welded on two adjacent photovoltaic supports.

8. The container type photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the controller comprises a dual-mode control unit, a power parameter detection unit, an execution unit and a monitoring display unit, the monitoring display unit is connected with the dual-mode control unit, the dual-mode control unit comprises a single chip microcomputer, a switching value module, an analog input module, an analog output module, a mode selection module, a PID controller and an expert PID controller, the single chip microcomputer is respectively connected with the switching value module, the analog input module, the analog output module, the mode selection module, the PID controller and the expert PID controller, the mode selection module is respectively connected with the switching value module, the PID controller and the expert PID controller, the power parameter detection unit is connected with the analog input module, the first solar cell panel, the second solar cell panel and the execution unit, the execution unit comprises a PWM controller, a Boost duty ratio control circuit and a DC/DC direct current conversion circuit which are sequentially connected, the PWM controller is connected with an analog output module, and the DC/DC direct current conversion circuit is connected with a first solar cell panel and a second solar cell panel.

9. The container-type photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 8, wherein the electric quantity parameter detection unit comprises an input electric quantity detection circuit and an output electric quantity detection circuit, the input electric quantity detection circuit is connected with the first solar cell panel and the second solar cell panel, and the output electric quantity detection circuit is connected with the DC/DC-to-DC conversion circuit.