CN110853132B - Three-dimensional modeling method for 3D printed complex curved surface part - Google Patents
Three-dimensional modeling method for 3D printed complex curved surface part Download PDFInfo
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- CN110853132B CN110853132B CN201910953964.0A CN201910953964A CN110853132B CN 110853132 B CN110853132 B CN 110853132B CN 201910953964 A CN201910953964 A CN 201910953964A CN 110853132 B CN110853132 B CN 110853132B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional modeling method for a complex curved surface part for 3D printing, which mainly comprises the steps of data acquisition, data processing, curve fitting, CAD model reconstruction, printing and the like. The invention combines the traditional modeling process with reverse engineering, greatly shortens the modeling time, improves the modeling precision, not only can obtain the CAD model of the complex curved surface part, but also can improve the structure of the part on the basis and improve the quality of the printed part.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a three-dimensional modeling method for a complex curved surface part for 3D printing.
Background
Additive manufacturing technology, also called 3D printing, appears at the end of the last century and is a novel manufacturing technology based on discrete and stacked forming ideas. The technology breaks through the complexity limit of the traditional manufacturing technology, decouples the relationship between complexity, small-batch customization and cost, and is called as an important tool of the third industrial revolution. The principle of the 3D printer is that layering treatment is firstly carried out on a three-dimensional digital model of a printed piece to generate a scanning path required by printing each layer, then powder materials are selectively melted by laser, wires are melted and extruded by an electric heating nozzle, ultraviolet light is projected to print images and the like to form a layer by layer in a piling mode, then a printing platform is lowered to a layer thickness height, a layer of untreated materials is newly arranged on the formed surface by some 3D printing methods, then a layer by layer piling forming process is carried out in a circulating and reciprocating mode, and finally the three-dimensional digital model can be printed into a three-dimensional object.
The modeling methods of 3D printers in the current market mainly comprise three types: firstly, the most common modeling method is to use professional graphic design software to perform geometric modeling by adopting an interactive sampling method; the second is to use a three-dimensional digital scanner for geometric modeling; third, some existing basic geometric models in the graphic library are used to create object shapes. The accuracy of the established model directly affects the quality of the printed part. The model established by the existing modeling method has lower precision, and especially for complex curved surface parts, the expected effect cannot be achieved. Based on the above, how to design a three-dimensional modeling method for a complex curved surface part for 3D printing is a technical problem to be solved by the invention.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a three-dimensional modeling method for a complex curved surface part for 3D printing.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical means:
a three-dimensional modeling method for a 3D printed complex curved surface part comprises the following steps:
and I, data acquisition: acquiring point cloud data of the part through scanning;
II, data processing: importing the point cloud data of the part into Geomagic Design X software, processing the obtained point cloud, and then optimizing the obtained point cloud through a patch;
III, curve and surface fitting: the method comprises the steps of performing field cutting on the processed dough piece part to obtain field division of different characteristics, facilitating modeling, and firstly determining a curved surface generation mode and a characteristic surface insertion position according to the point cloud data characteristics in the selection of a characteristic surface;
and IV, reconstructing a CAD model: selecting a proper reference plane, entering a sketching stage, intercepting part contour lines through the reference plane, exiting sketching, obtaining part parts of the part entities through stretching, finally building sketch through a 3D sketch instruction, drawing curves of the rest parts based on the stretched part entities, scanning out the rest parts by utilizing a scanning instruction, and performing corresponding chamfering on the connecting parts to convert the connecting parts into free curved surfaces;
and V printing: the file is exported in "STP" entity format and then 3D printed.
Preferably, the specific method of scanning in the step (I) is that for the part with the reflective surface, marking points are uniformly attached to the surface of the part, and then the part is scanned by a scanner; and (3) coating reflective powder on the surface of the part for the part with the surface incapable of reflecting, uniformly attaching mark points on the surface of the part, and finally scanning the part by a scanner.
Preferably, the point cloud processing in the step (ii) specifically includes: some points which cannot be scanned by the marks are filled through the patch repairing function, and noise and redundant points are removed.
Preferably, in the step (iii), the connection position between the curved surfaces of the model is to be observed in the selection of the feature surface, for example, the boundary is changed from a straight line to an inflection point position of the curve, the feature analysis of the part model is performed, the selection of the interface is performed to obtain the point cloud data of the feature surface, when the feature curve is reconstructed, the requirement of approximation precision with the original point cloud data is met, meanwhile, various geometric constraints and engineering constraints are met, and the extracted feature data is subjected to global optimization and fitting quality detection through Geomagic Design X, so that the high-precision feature surface curve can be obtained.
The invention has the advantages that: the invention combines the traditional modeling process with reverse engineering, greatly shortens the modeling time, improves the modeling precision, not only can obtain the CAD model of the complex curved surface part, but also can improve the structure of the part on the basis and improve the quality of the printed part.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
A three-dimensional modeling method for a 3D printed complex curved surface part comprises the following steps:
and I, data acquisition: acquiring point cloud data of the part through scanning;
II, data processing: importing the point cloud data of the part into Geomagic Design X software, processing the obtained point cloud, and then optimizing the obtained point cloud through a patch;
III, curve and surface fitting: the method comprises the steps of performing field cutting on the processed dough piece part to obtain field division of different characteristics, facilitating modeling, and firstly determining a curved surface generation mode and a characteristic surface insertion position according to the point cloud data characteristics in the selection of a characteristic surface;
and IV, reconstructing a CAD model: selecting a proper reference plane, entering a sketching stage, intercepting part contour lines through the reference plane, exiting sketching, obtaining part parts of the part entities through stretching, finally building sketch through a 3D sketch instruction, drawing curves of the rest parts based on the stretched part entities, scanning out the rest parts by utilizing a scanning instruction, and performing corresponding chamfering on the connecting parts to convert the connecting parts into free curved surfaces;
and V printing: the file is exported in "STP" entity format and then 3D printed.
The invention combines the traditional modeling process with reverse engineering, greatly shortens the modeling time, improves the modeling precision, not only can obtain the CAD model of the complex curved surface part, but also can improve the structure of the part on the basis and improve the quality of the printed part.
Preferably, the specific method of scanning in the step (I) is that for the part with the reflective surface, marking points are uniformly attached to the surface of the part, and then the part is scanned by a scanner; and (3) coating reflective powder on the surface of the part for the part with the surface incapable of reflecting, uniformly attaching mark points on the surface of the part, and finally scanning the part by a scanner.
Because the scanning instrument scans and images by using the principle of grating, for the part with the surface incapable of reflecting light, the scanning effect can be improved by coating the surface of the part with reflecting powder, so that the sufficient point cloud data can be obtained, and the marking points are uniformly attached to the surface of the part, thereby being convenient for automatic synthesis of scanning software.
Preferably, the point cloud processing in the step (ii) specifically includes: some points which cannot be scanned by the marks are filled through the patch repairing function, and noise and redundant points are removed.
By filling some points which are not scanned by the marks, noise and redundant points are removed, so that the point cloud data is more accurate, and the modeling precision is improved.
Preferably, in the step (iii), the connection position between the curved surfaces of the model is to be observed in the selection of the feature surface, for example, the boundary is changed from a straight line to an inflection point position of the curve, the feature analysis of the part model is performed, the selection of the interface is performed to obtain the point cloud data of the feature surface, when the feature curve is reconstructed, the requirement of approximation precision with the original point cloud data is met, meanwhile, various geometric constraints and engineering constraints are met, and the extracted feature data is subjected to global optimization and fitting quality detection through Geomagic Design X, so that the high-precision feature surface curve can be obtained.
And the accuracy of the characteristic surface curve is improved and the modeling accuracy is further improved through the feature analysis, the global optimization of the feature data and the fitting quality detection of the part model.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like, if any, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The three-dimensional modeling method for the 3D printed complex curved surface part is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
and I, data acquisition: acquiring point cloud data of the part through scanning;
II, data processing: importing the point cloud data of the part into Geomagic Design X software, processing the obtained point cloud, and then optimizing the obtained point cloud through a patch;
III, curve and surface fitting: the method comprises the steps of performing field cutting on the processed dough piece part to obtain field division of different characteristics, facilitating modeling, and firstly determining a curved surface generation mode and a characteristic surface insertion position according to the point cloud data characteristics in the selection of a characteristic surface; selecting a characteristic surface, namely observing the joint position between model curved surfaces, obtaining point cloud data of the characteristic surface through characteristic analysis of a part model and selection of an interface, and obtaining a high-precision characteristic surface curve through global optimization and fitting quality detection of the extracted characteristic data through Geomagic Design X, wherein the requirement on approximation precision of the original point cloud data is met when the characteristic curve is reconstructed, and various geometric constraints and engineering constraints are met at the same time;
and IV, reconstructing a CAD model: selecting a proper reference plane, entering a sketching stage, intercepting part contour lines through the reference plane, exiting sketching, obtaining part parts of the part entities through stretching, finally building sketch through a 3D sketch instruction, drawing curves of the rest parts based on the stretched part entities, scanning out the rest parts by utilizing a scanning instruction, and performing corresponding chamfering on the connecting parts to convert the connecting parts into free curved surfaces;
and V printing: the file is exported in "STP" entity format and then 3D printed.
2. The three-dimensional modeling method for 3D printed complex curved surface parts according to claim 1, wherein: the specific method of scanning in the step (I) is that for the part with the reflective surface, marking points are uniformly attached to the surface of the part, and then the part is scanned by a scanner; and (3) coating reflective powder on the surface of the part for the part with the surface incapable of reflecting, uniformly attaching mark points on the surface of the part, and finally scanning the part by a scanner.
3. The three-dimensional modeling method for 3D printed complex curved surface parts according to claim 1, wherein: the point cloud processing in the step (II) specifically comprises the following steps: some points which cannot be scanned by the marks are filled through the patch repairing function, and noise and redundant points are removed.
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| CN111737796B (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2021-02-26 | 南京英尼格玛工业自动化技术有限公司 | Reverse reconstruction method for high-speed rail sleeper beam process hole |
| CN111950154A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-17 | 昆山同日工业自动化有限公司 | Industrial three-dimensional scanning reverse modeling detection system based on 5G communication |
| CN112100838B (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2024-04-02 | 中国科学院苏州生物医学工程技术研究所 | Three-dimensional geometric structure constraint material adding and repairing method and system |
| CN113010960B (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2023-11-03 | 恒大新能源汽车投资控股集团有限公司 | Method and device for generating part manufacturing control data and computer equipment |
| CN114082988A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-02-25 | 浙江意动科技股份有限公司 | Method for repairing aero-engine cold and hot end blade |
| CN114185310A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-03-15 | 广东工贸职业技术学院 | Five-axis linkage machining method for complex blade parts based on reverse modeling |
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| EP3002109A1 (en) * | 2014-10-03 | 2016-04-06 | Tyco Electronics Corporation | Three dimensional printing inspection apparatus and method |
| CN107818590A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2018-03-20 | 童和平 | Free form surface product reverse-engineering based on three-dimensional optical scanning models forming method |
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| EP3002109A1 (en) * | 2014-10-03 | 2016-04-06 | Tyco Electronics Corporation | Three dimensional printing inspection apparatus and method |
| CN107818590A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2018-03-20 | 童和平 | Free form surface product reverse-engineering based on three-dimensional optical scanning models forming method |
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