CN110852575A - Method for evaluating uniformity of fruits, vegetables and fruits - Google Patents
Method for evaluating uniformity of fruits, vegetables and fruits Download PDFInfo
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- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 1035
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
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- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 88
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 235000002566 Capsicum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 46
- 235000010799 Cucumis sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 36
- 241000758706 Piperaceae Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 240000004160 Capsicum annuum Species 0.000 claims description 2
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Abstract
The invention discloses an evaluation method of fruit uniformity of fruit and vegetable vegetables, wherein evaluation indexes of the method comprise a fruit appearance uniformity index and a single fruit reforming uniformity index; the method is used for evaluating the uniformity of the fruits of the long fruit vegetables, and the evaluation index also comprises the uniformity index of the fruits. By adopting the method, the uniformity of fruits and vegetables can be scientifically and reasonably evaluated, and the production and fruit grade division of high-quality vegetables such as cucumbers, tomatoes, eggplants, hot peppers and the like can be objectively and reasonably guided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an evaluation method of uniformity of fruits and vegetables, and belongs to the technical field of vegetable cultivation.
Background
In the production of vegetables, the edible parts of fruits and vegetables mainly comprise fruits, and the vegetables mainly comprise tomatoes, hot peppers, eggplants, cucumbers and the like. For fruit and vegetable vegetables, the sensory quality of the fruit has a great influence on the commercial quality of the fruit and vegetable vegetables.
The commodity rate of the variety with good fruit size uniformity reaches more than 50%, and the commodity rate of the variety with poor uniformity is less than 20%.
Since the nineties, the fruit uniformity of fruits is often judged by dividing the fruit size uniformity into 5-9 grades according to a CR value through a uniformity coefficient method, so that the seeds of fruits such as apples, pears, peaches and the like, even wheat and soybeans can be judged; however, it is not suitable for fruits and vegetables, especially for fruits and vegetables such as cucumber, eggplant, and hot pepper.
When the fruit and vegetable vegetables judge the quality of the fruits, how regular the fruits are is very important for evaluating the sensory quality of the fruits, but the technical indexes and the corresponding detection methods for scientifically and reasonably evaluating the regular degree of the fruits of the fruit and vegetable vegetables do not exist at present.
In order to better guide the production of fine fruits of fruit and vegetable vegetables and the grade division of the fruits, the technicians in the field are always dedicated to the exploration of the quantifiable index for judging the uniformity of the fruits of the fruit and vegetable vegetables and the detection method thereof, but a set of feasible technical index and detection method is not found at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an evaluation method for the uniformity of fruits of fruit vegetables, which can scientifically and reasonably evaluate the uniformity of fruits of fruit vegetables and effectively guide the production of fine fruits of fruit vegetables and the grading of fruits.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for evaluating the uniformity of fruits in fruit, vegetable and vegetable comprises evaluating the uniformity of fruit shape and single fruit; the evaluation indexes also comprise the indexes of the evenness, straightness and uniformity of the fruit strips;
the evaluation of the uniformity of fruits of the long fruits of the fruits, vegetables and fruits is limited by a fruit appearance uniformity index, a single-fruit leveling index and a fruit strip leveling uniformity index;
the evaluation of the uniformity of fruits in fruit vegetables such as round or square fruits is defined by a fruit appearance uniformity index and a single fruit uniformity index.
An optimization scheme comprises the steps of randomly sampling 30-40 fruits of fruits and vegetables for detection, measuring the length or cross diameter of the fruits one by using a ruler or a caliper (length is measured by long fruits, cross diameter is measured by round or square fruits), and calculating the average value of the length or cross diameter; weighing the single fruit weight by using a balance, and calculating the average value of the single fruit weight; the maximum body bending of each fruit was measured.
Further, calculating the fruit shape uniformity index according to the following formula:
fruit uniformity index = Σ xa/(5 Σ x) = (x)1a1+x2a2+x3a3+x4a4+x5a5)/（5Σx）
In the formula:
x1，x2，x3，x4，x5-the number of fruits at each level;
a1，a2，a3，a4，a5-fruit length or cross distribution progression;
Σ x — sample total fruit number.
The fruit shape uniformity index: the length uniformity index may also be referred to as a length uniformity index in evaluating the uniformity of fruits, vegetables and fruits of long fruits; the evaluation of the uniformity of fruits, vegetables and fruits of round or square fruits may be referred to as a cross-beam uniformity index.
Taking the average value of the length or cross diameter of fruits, vegetables and vegetables of each batch of samples as a cardinal number, dividing the fruit length or cross diameter distribution series, wherein the specific division standard is as follows:
level 0: fruits with the fruit length or cross diameter within the range of multiplying the average value by (1 st 5%), wherein the fruit distribution level is 0 level;
level 1: fruits with fruit length or cross diameter in the range of the average value multiplied by (1 st 10%), subtracting the fruits with grade 0, and remaining fruits with grade 1;
and 2, stage: fruits with the fruit length or cross diameter within the range of multiplying the average value by (1 st 15%), subtracting the fruits with the grades of 0 and 1, and obtaining the rest fruits with the grade of 2;
and 3, level: fruits with the fruit length or cross diameter within the range of multiplying the average value by (1 st 20%), subtracting fruits of 0 grade, 1 grade and 2 grade, and obtaining the rest fruits with the fruit distribution grade of 3 grade;
4, level: the fruit with the fruit length or cross diameter outside the range of multiplying the average value by (1 st 20%) has the fruit distribution grade of 4;
the result is to retain the 2 digit number following the decimal point.
Further, calculating a single fruit weight uniformity index according to the following formula:
single fruit weight uniformity index = Σ yb/(5 Σ y) = (y)1b1+y2b2+y3b3+y4b4+y5b5)/（5Σy）
In the formula:
y1，y2，y3，y4，y5-the number of fruits at each level;
b1，b2，b3，b4，b5-fruit single fruit redistribution level;
Σ y — sample total fruit number.
Taking the average value of the single fruit weight of each batch of cucumber fruits as a base number, and performing single fruit weight distribution progression division, wherein the specific division standard is as follows:
level 0: the weight of the single fruit of the fruit is multiplied by (1 st 5%) of the fruit, and the distribution grade of the fruit is 0 grade;
level 1: the fruit with the single fruit weight in the range of multiplying the average value by (1 st 10%) minus the fruit with the 0 grade, and the rest fruit with the fruit distribution grade of 1 grade;
and 2, stage: the fruit with the single fruit weight in the range of multiplying the average value by (1 st 15%) minus the fruit with 0 grade and 1 grade, and the rest fruit has the fruit distribution grade of 2 grade;
and 3, level: the fruit with the single fruit weight in the range of multiplying the average value by (1 st 20%) minus the fruits of 0 grade, 1 grade and 2 grade, and the rest fruits have the fruit distribution grade of 3 grade;
4, level: the weight of a single fruit is multiplied by the fruit outside the range of (1 st 20%) of the average value, and the distribution grade of the fruit is 4 grades;
the result is to retain the 2 digit number following the decimal point.
Further, calculating the index of the evenness and the uniformity of the fruit strips according to the following formula:
fruit streak alignment index = Σ zc/(5 Σ z) = (z)1c1+z2c2+z3c3+z4c4+z5c5)/（5Σz）
In the formula:
z1，z2，z3，z4，z5-the number of fruits at each level;
c1，c2，c3，c4，c5-the maximum bending degree distribution progression of the fruit strips;
Σ z — sample total fruit number.
Dividing the maximum curvature distribution grade by the numerical value of the maximum curvature of the fruit strips of fruits, vegetables, fruits and vegetables of each batch of samples, wherein the specific division standard is as follows:
level 0: the maximum bending degree of the fruit body is not more than 5mm, and the fruit distribution grade is 0 grade;
level 1: the maximum bending degree of the fruit body is not more than l0mm, 0-grade fruits are subtracted, and the distribution grade of the rest fruits is 1 grade;
and 2, stage: the maximum bending degree of the fruit body is not more than l5mm, the fruits of 0 grade and 1 grade are subtracted, and the distribution grade of the rest fruits is 2 grade;
and 3, level: the maximum bending degree of the fruit body is not more than 20mm, the fruits of 0 grade, 1 grade and 2 grade are subtracted, and the distribution grade of the rest fruits is 3 grade;
4, level: the maximum bending degree of the fruit body is greater than 20mm, and the fruit distribution grade is 4;
the result is to retain the 2 digit number following the decimal point.
Further, the maximum bending of the fruit: the maximum vertical distance between the fruit bending part and the straight line of the two end points of the fruit.
Further, the fruit length or cross diameter measurements retain integers in millimeters.
Further, the single fruit weighing results of the fruits are kept in integer, and the unit of measurement is gram.
Further, the measurement result of the maximum bending degree of the fruit body of the fruit keeps an integer, and the measurement unit is millimeter.
Further, the long fruits include fruits of cucumber, eggplant and hot pepper, and the hot pepper includes hot pepper with a fruit of goat or cow horn shape. The round or square fruits comprise fruits of tomatoes, round tomatoes and square peppers; the square peppers include various peppers, sweet peppers and color peppers of which the fruits are in a square lantern shape.
Judging the uniformity of the fruits:
(1) judging the uniformity of the long fruits:
the index of the appearance uniformity of the fruits is less than or equal to 0.20, the index of the single-fruit weight uniformity is less than or equal to 0.15, and the index of the uniform and straight uniformity of the fruit strips is less than or equal to 0.20.
When the fruits meet the requirements of the technical indexes, the uniformity of the fruits is high, and the sensory quality is good; when the fruit fails to meet any of the above technical criteria, the fruit has low uniformity and poor sensory quality.
(2) Judging the uniformity of round or square fruits according to the following standard:
the index of the appearance uniformity of the fruits is less than or equal to 0.15, and the index of the single-fruit weight uniformity is less than or equal to 0.15.
When the fruits meet the requirements of the technical indexes, the uniformity of the fruits is high, and the sensory quality is good; when the fruit fails to meet any of the above technical criteria, the fruit has low uniformity and poor sensory quality.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has the following advantages that:
(1) the invention firstly provides indexes of the fruit appearance uniformity index (length uniformity index or transverse diameter uniformity index), the single fruit rearrangement uniformity index and the fruit strip uniformity index, and the indexes jointly limit the fruit uniformity of fruits and vegetables, thereby avoiding the conditions that the fruits are consistent in length and are not consistent in thickness and curvature, and enabling the uniformity to be more scientific and accurate.
(2) The method is simple and practical, is easy to operate, and provides a feasible technical index and detection method for fruit grade classification of fruits, vegetables and fruits.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1 method for evaluating uniformity of fruits and vegetables
The cucumber fruit trimming index is used for cucumber, and comprises a fruit shape trimming index (length trimming index), a single fruit trimming index and a fruit strip straightening and trimming index, wherein the three indexes jointly limit the fruit trimming.
Randomly drawing 30 cucumber fruits, measuring the lengths of the cucumber fruits one by using a ruler, and measuring the lengths in millimeter units, wherein the measurement results are integers; measuring the maximum bending degree (the maximum vertical distance between a bent part of a fruit and a straight line where two end points of the fruit are located) of the fruit body of the cucumber, wherein the measurement result is an integer by taking millimeters as a unit; weighing the weight of a single fruit by using a balance, measuring the weight by taking grams as a unit, and taking the measurement result as an integer. And calculating the fruit appearance uniformity index, the single fruit reforming uniformity index and the fruit strip uniformity index.
(1) The fruit shape uniformity index is calculated according to the following formula:
fruit shape uniformity index = Σ xa/(5 Σ x) = (x)1a1+x2a2+x3a3+x4a4+x5a5)/（5Σx）
In the formula:
x1，x2，x3，x4，x5——the number of fruits at each level;
a1，a2，a3，a4，a5-number of fruit length distribution stages;
Σ x — sample total fruit number.
Taking the average value of the lengths of the cucumber fruits of each batch of samples as a base number, and dividing the length distribution series, wherein the specific division standard is as follows:
level 0: the fruit length is within the range of multiplying the average value by (1 st 5%), and the fruit distribution grade is 0 grade;
level 1: fruits with fruit length in the range of the average value multiplied by (1 st 10%), subtracting 0-grade fruits and remaining fruits with fruit distribution grade of 1;
and 2, stage: the fruit with the fruit length within the range of the average value multiplied by (1 st 15%) minus the fruits of 0 grade and 1 grade, and the rest fruits with the fruit distribution grade of 2 grade;
and 3, level: the fruit with the fruit length within the range of the average value multiplied by (1 st 20%), the fruits of 0 grade, 1 grade and 2 grade are subtracted, and the rest fruits have the fruit distribution grade of 3 grade;
4, level: the fruit length is outside the range of the average value multiplied by (1 st 20%), and the fruit distribution grade is 4;
the result is to retain the 2 digit number following the decimal point.
Through measurement, in 30 samples of this example, the number of 0-grade fruits is 22, the number of 1-grade fruits is 3, the number of 2-grade fruits is 3, the number of 3-grade fruits is 1, and the number of 4-grade fruits is 1.
Through calculation: the cucumber fruit appearance uniformity index of this example was 0.11.
(2) The single fruit weight uniformity index is calculated according to the following formula:
single fruit weight uniformity index = Σ yb/(5 Σ y) = (y)1b1+y2b2+y3b3+y4b4+y5b5)/（5Σy）
In the formula:
y1，y2，y3，y4，y5-the number of fruits at each level;
b1，b2，b3，b4，b5-fruit single fruit redistribution level;
Σ y — sample total fruit number.
Taking the average value of the single fruit weight of each batch of cucumber samples as a base number, and performing single fruit weight distribution stage division, wherein the specific division standard is as follows:
level 0: the weight of the single fruit of the fruit is multiplied by (1 st 5%) of the fruit, and the distribution grade of the fruit is 0 grade;
level 1: the fruit with the single fruit weight in the range of multiplying the average value by (1 st 10%) minus the fruit with the 0 grade, and the rest fruit with the fruit distribution grade of 1 grade;
and 2, stage: the fruit with the single fruit weight in the range of multiplying the average value by (1 st 15%) minus the fruit with 0 grade and 1 grade, and the rest fruit has the fruit distribution grade of 2 grade;
and 3, level: the fruit with the single fruit weight in the range of multiplying the average value by (1 st 20%) minus the fruits of 0 grade, 1 grade and 2 grade, and the rest fruits have the fruit distribution grade of 3 grade;
4, level: the weight of a single fruit is multiplied by the fruit outside the range of (1 st 20%) of the average value, and the distribution grade of the fruit is 4 grades;
the result is to retain the 2 digit number following the decimal point.
By weighing, in 30 samples of this example, the number of 0-grade fruits was 20, the number of 1-grade fruits was 5, the number of 2-grade fruits was 3, the number of 3-grade fruits was 1, and the number of 4-grade fruits was 1.
Through calculation: the cucumber single fruit weight uniformity index of the present example was 0.12.
(3) The index of the uniformity and the regularity of the fruit strips is calculated according to the following formula:
fruit streak alignment index = Σ zc/(5 Σ z) = (z)1c1+z2c2+z3c3+z4c4+z5c5)/（5Σz）
In the formula:
z1，z2，z3，z4，z5-the number of fruits at each level;
c1，c2，c3，c4，c5-the maximum bending degree distribution progression of the fruit strips;
Σ z — sample total fruit number.
Carrying out fruit strip maximum curvature distribution progression division on the numerical distribution range of the maximum curvature of the cucumber fruit strips of each batch of samples, wherein the specific division standard is as follows:
level 0: the maximum bending degree of the fruit body is not more than 5mm, and the fruit distribution grade is 0 grade;
level 1: the maximum bending degree of the fruit body is not more than l0mm, 0-grade fruits are subtracted, and the distribution grade of the rest fruits is 1 grade;
and 2, stage: the maximum bending degree of the fruit body is not more than l5mm, the fruits of 0 grade and 1 grade are subtracted, and the distribution grade of the rest fruits is 2 grade;
and 3, level: the maximum bending degree of the fruit body is not more than 20mm, the fruits of 0 grade, 1 grade and 2 grade are subtracted, and the distribution grade of the rest fruits is 3 grade;
4, level: the maximum bending degree of the fruit body is greater than 20mm, and the fruit distribution grade is 4;
the result is to retain the 2 digit number following the decimal point.
Through measurement, in 30 samples of this example, the number of 0-grade fruits is 22, the number of 1-grade fruits is 4, the number of 2-grade fruits is 3, the number of 3-grade fruits is 1, and the number of 4-grade fruits is 0.
Through calculation: the index of the uniform and neat cucumber strips in the embodiment is 0.09.
The length uniformity index of the cucumber fruits in the batch is 0.11, the single fruit weight uniformity index is 0.12, and the uniform, straight and uniform index of the fruit strips is 0.09; according to the judgment standard of the uniformity of fruits, the cucumber detected in the embodiment has the following characteristics: high uniformity of fruit and good sensory quality.
Example 2 method for evaluating uniformity of fruits and vegetables
The cucumber fruit trimming index is used for cucumber, and comprises a fruit shape trimming index (length trimming index), a single fruit trimming index and a fruit strip straightening and trimming index, wherein the three indexes jointly limit the fruit trimming.
Randomly drawing 40 cucumber fruits, measuring the lengths of the cucumber fruits one by using a ruler, and measuring the lengths in millimeter units, wherein the measurement results are integers; measuring the maximum bending degree (the maximum vertical distance between a bent part of a fruit and a straight line where two end points of the fruit are located) of the fruit body of the cucumber, wherein the measurement result is an integer by taking millimeters as a unit; weighing the weight of a single fruit by using a balance, measuring the weight by taking grams as a unit, and taking the measurement result as an integer. The fruit appearance uniformity index, single fruit reforming uniformity index and fruit strip uniformity index were calculated in the same manner as in example 1.
Through measurement, in 40 samples of the embodiment, the fruit length distribution levels are 24, the number of 0-level fruits is 10, the number of 2-level fruits is 2, the number of 3-level fruits is 3, and the number of 4-level fruits is 0.
After weighing, in 40 samples of this example, the number of fruits in the fruit single stage is 22, the number of fruits in the 0 stage is 13, the number of fruits in the 2 stage is 3, the number of fruits in the 3 stage is 1, and the number of fruits in the 4 stage is 1.
Through measurement, in 40 samples of this embodiment, the maximum bending degree distribution progression of fruit strips of the fruits is 24, the number of 0-grade fruits is 11, the number of 2-grade fruits is 2, the number of 3-grade fruits is 2, and the number of 4-grade fruits is 1.
Through calculation: the cucumber length uniformity index is 0.12;
the single fruit weight uniformity index is 0.13;
the index of the uniformity, straightness and tidiness of the fruit strips is 0.13;
the length uniformity index of the cucumber fruits in the batch is 0.12, the single fruit weight uniformity index is 0.13, and the uniform and straight uniformity index of the fruit strips is 0.13; according to the judgment standard of the uniformity of fruits, the cucumber detected in the embodiment has the following characteristics: high uniformity of fruit and good sensory quality.
Example 3 method for evaluating uniformity of fruits and vegetables
The index for the uniformity of the appearance of the long eggplant comprises a fruit appearance uniformity index (length uniformity index), a single fruit rearrangement uniformity index and a fruit strip uniformity index, and the three define the uniformity of the fruit.
Randomly drawing 40 long eggplant fruits, measuring the lengths of the long eggplant fruits one by using a ruler, and measuring the lengths in millimeter units, wherein the measurement results are integers; measuring the maximum bending degree (the maximum vertical distance between the bending part of the fruit and a straight line where two end points of the fruit are located) of the long eggplant fruit body, and measuring in millimeter unit, wherein the measurement result is an integer; weighing the weight of a single fruit by using a balance, measuring the weight by taking grams as a unit, and taking the measurement result as an integer. The fruit appearance uniformity index, single fruit reforming uniformity index and fruit strip uniformity index were calculated in the same manner as in example 1.
Through measurement, in 40 samples of the embodiment, the fruit length distribution levels are 21, the number of 0-level fruits is 13, the number of 2-level fruits is 2, the number of 3-level fruits is 3, and the number of 4-level fruits is 1.
After weighing, in 40 samples of this example, the number of fruits in the fruit single stage is 21, the number of fruits in the 0 stage is 14, the number of fruits in the 1 stage is 2, the number of fruits in the 3 stage is 2, and the number of fruits in the 4 stage is 1.
Through measurement, in 40 samples of this embodiment, the maximum bending degree distribution progression of fruit strips of the fruits is 18, the number of 0-grade fruits is 15, the number of 2-grade fruits is 3, the number of 3-grade fruits is 2, and the number of 4-grade fruits is 1.
Through calculation: the long eggplant length uniformity index is 0.15.
Single fruit weight uniformity index 0.14.
The index of the uniformity and the uniformity of the fruit strips is 0.16.
The length uniformity index of the long eggplant fruits in the batch is 0.15, the single fruit weight uniformity index is 0.14, and the uniform and straight uniformity index of the fruit strips is 0.16; according to the judgment standard of the uniformity of the fruits, the long eggplant detected in the embodiment has the following characteristics: high uniformity of fruit and good sensory quality.
Example 4 method for evaluating uniformity of fruits and vegetables
The index for the uniformity of the appearance of the long eggplant comprises a fruit appearance uniformity index (length uniformity index), a single fruit rearrangement uniformity index and a fruit strip uniformity index, and the three define the uniformity of the fruit.
Randomly drawing 30 long eggplant fruits, measuring the lengths of the long eggplant fruits one by using a ruler, and measuring the lengths in millimeter units, wherein the measurement results are integers; measuring the maximum bending degree (the maximum vertical distance between the bending part of the fruit and a straight line where two end points of the fruit are located) of the long eggplant fruit body, and measuring in millimeter unit, wherein the measurement result is an integer; weighing the weight of a single fruit by using a balance, measuring the weight by taking grams as a unit, and taking the measurement result as an integer. The fruit appearance uniformity index, single fruit reforming uniformity index and fruit strip uniformity index were calculated in the same manner as in example 1.
Through measurement, in 30 samples of the embodiment, the fruit length distribution levels are 16, the number of 0-level fruits is 8, the number of 2-level fruits is 3, the number of 3-level fruits is 2, and the number of 4-level fruits is 1.
After weighing, in 30 samples of this example, the number of fruits in the fruit single stage is 17, the number of fruits in 0 stage is 9, the number of fruits in 2 stage is 2, the number of fruits in 3 stage is 1, and the number of fruits in 4 stage is 1.
Through measurement, in 30 samples of the embodiment, the maximum bending degree distribution series of the fruit strips of the fruits is 14, the number of 0-grade fruits is 12, the number of 2-grade fruits is 2, the number of 3-grade fruits is 1, and the number of 4-grade fruits is 1.
Through calculation: the long eggplant length uniformity index is 0.16.
The single fruit weight uniformity index is 0.13.
The index of the uniformity and the neatness of the fruit strips is 0.15.
The length uniformity index of the long eggplant fruits in the batch is 0.16, the single fruit weight uniformity index is 0.13, and the uniform and straight uniformity index of the fruit strips is 0.15; according to the judgment standard of the uniformity of the fruits, the long eggplant detected in the embodiment has the following characteristics: high uniformity of fruit and good sensory quality.
Example 5 method for evaluating uniformity of fruits and vegetables
The hot pepper cutter is used for sharp hot peppers and comprises a fruit appearance uniformity index (length uniformity index), a single fruit rearrangement uniformity index and a fruit strip uniformity index, and the three define the fruit uniformity.
Randomly drawing 30 sharp pepper fruits, measuring the lengths of the pepper fruits one by using a ruler, and measuring by taking millimeters as a unit, wherein the measurement result is an integer; measuring the maximum bending degree (the maximum vertical distance between a bending part of the pepper and a straight line where two end points of the pepper are located), and measuring in millimeter units, wherein the measurement result is an integer; weighing the weight of a single fruit by using a balance, measuring the weight by taking grams as a unit, and taking the measurement result as an integer. The fruit appearance uniformity index, single fruit reforming uniformity index and fruit strip uniformity index were calculated in the same manner as in example 1.
Through measurement, in 30 samples of the embodiment, the fruit length distribution levels are 13, the number of 0-level fruits is 13, the number of 1-level fruits is 13, the number of 2-level fruits is 2, the number of 3-level fruits is 2, and the number of 4-level fruits is 0.
After weighing, in 30 samples of this example, the number of fruits in the fruit single stage is 17, the number of fruits in 0 stage is 8, the number of fruits in 1 stage is 3, the number of fruits in 3 stage is 1, and the number of fruits in 4 stage is 1.
Through measurement, in 30 samples of the embodiment, the maximum bending degree distribution series of the fruit strips of the fruits is 14, the number of the 0-grade fruits is 11, the number of the 2-grade fruits is 2, the number of the 3-grade fruits is 2, and the number of the 4-grade fruits is 1.
Through calculation: the length uniformity index of the sharp peppers is 0.15.
Single fruit weight uniformity index 0.14.
The index of the uniformity and the uniformity of the fruit strips is 0.17.
The length uniformity index of the pepper fruits in the batch is 0.15, the single fruit weight variation coefficient is 0.14, and the bending fruit rate is 0.17; according to the judgment standard of the fruit uniformity, the pepper tip detected in the embodiment has the following characteristics: high uniformity of fruit and good sensory quality.
Example 6 evaluation method of uniformity of fruits and vegetables
The hot pepper cutter is used for sharp hot peppers and comprises a fruit appearance uniformity index (length uniformity index), a single fruit rearrangement uniformity index and a fruit strip uniformity index, and the three define the fruit uniformity.
Randomly drawing 35 sharp pepper fruits, measuring the lengths of the pepper fruits one by using a ruler, and measuring by taking millimeters as a unit, wherein the measurement result is an integer; measuring the maximum bending degree (the maximum vertical distance between a bending part of the pepper and a straight line where two end points of the pepper are located), and measuring in millimeter units, wherein the measurement result is an integer; weighing the weight of a single fruit by using a balance, measuring the weight by taking grams as a unit, and taking the measurement result as an integer. The fruit appearance uniformity index, single fruit reforming uniformity index and fruit strip uniformity index were calculated in the same manner as in example 1.
Through measurement, in 35 samples of this example, the fruit length distribution progression is 19, the number of 0-grade fruits is 12, the number of 2-grade fruits is 2, the number of 3-grade fruits is 2, and the number of 4-grade fruits is 0.
After weighing, in the 35 samples of this example, the number of fruits in the fruit single stage is 20, the number of fruits in the 0 stage is 10, the number of fruits in the 1 stage is 3, the number of fruits in the 3 stage is 1, and the number of fruits in the 4 stage is 1.
Through measurement, in 35 samples of this example, the maximum bending degree distribution progression of fruit strips of the fruit is 19, 12 for 0-grade fruit, 2 for 2, 1 for 3, and 1 for 4-grade fruit.
Through calculation: the length uniformity index of the sharp peppers is 0.13.
The single fruit weight uniformity index is 0.13.
The index of the uniformity and the neatness of the fruit strips is 0.15.
The length uniformity index of the sharp pepper fruits in the batch is 0.13, the single fruit weight uniformity index is 0.13, and the uniform and straight uniformity index of the pepper fruits is 0.15; according to the judgment standard of the fruit uniformity, the pepper tip detected in the embodiment has the following characteristics: high uniformity of fruit and good sensory quality.
Example 7 evaluation method of fruit uniformity of fruit vegetables
The cucumber fruit trimming index is used for cucumber, and comprises a fruit shape trimming index (length trimming index), a single fruit trimming index and a fruit strip straightening and trimming index, wherein the three indexes jointly limit the fruit trimming.
Randomly drawing 30 cucumber fruits, measuring the lengths of the cucumber fruits one by using a ruler, and measuring the lengths in millimeter units, wherein the measurement results are integers; measuring the maximum bending degree (the maximum vertical distance between a bent part of a fruit and a straight line where two end points of the fruit are located) of the fruit body of the cucumber, wherein the measurement result is an integer by taking millimeters as a unit; weighing the weight of a single fruit by using a balance, measuring the weight by taking grams as a unit, and taking the measurement result as an integer. The fruit appearance uniformity index, single fruit reforming uniformity index and fruit strip uniformity index were calculated in the same manner as in example 1.
Through measurement, in 30 samples of the embodiment, the fruit length distribution levels are 16, the number of 0-level fruits is 10, the number of 2-level fruits is 2, the number of 3-level fruits is 2, and the number of 4-level fruits is 0.
After weighing, in 30 samples of this example, the number of fruits in the fruit single stage is 16, the number of fruits in the 0 stage is 9, the number of fruits in the 2 stage is 3, the number of fruits in the 3 stage is 2, and the number of fruits in the 4 stage is 0.
Through measurement, in 30 samples of the embodiment, the maximum bending degree distribution series of the fruit strips of the fruits is 11, the number of the 0-grade fruits is 10, the number of the 2-grade fruits is 6, the number of the 3-grade fruits is 2, and the number of the 4-grade fruits is 1.
Through calculation: the cucumber length uniformity index is 0.13.
Single fruit weight uniformity index 0.14.
The index of the uniformity and the uniformity of the fruit strips is 0.21.
The length uniformity index of the cucumber fruits in the batch is 0.13, the single fruit weight uniformity index is 0.14, and the single fruit weight uniformity index and the fruit strip uniformity index are 0.21; according to the judgment standard of the uniformity of fruits, the cucumber detected in the embodiment has the following characteristics: the fruit uniformity is low and the sensory quality is poor.
Example 8 method for evaluating uniformity of fruits and vegetables
The index for the uniformity of the appearance of the long eggplant comprises a fruit appearance uniformity index (length uniformity index), a single fruit rearrangement uniformity index and a fruit strip uniformity index, and the three define the uniformity of the fruit.
Randomly drawing 30 long eggplant fruits, measuring the lengths of the long eggplant fruits one by using a ruler, and measuring the lengths in millimeter units, wherein the measurement results are integers; measuring the maximum bending degree (the maximum vertical distance between the bending part of the fruit and a straight line where two end points of the fruit are located) of the long eggplant fruit body, and measuring in millimeter unit, wherein the measurement result is an integer; weighing the weight of a single fruit by using a balance, measuring the weight by taking grams as a unit, and taking the measurement result as an integer. The fruit appearance uniformity index, single fruit reforming uniformity index and fruit strip uniformity index were calculated in the same manner as in example 1.
Through measurement, in 30 samples of the embodiment, the fruit length distribution levels are 16, the number of 0-level fruits is 8, the number of 2-level fruits is 4, the number of 3-level fruits is 1, and the number of 4-level fruits is 1.
By weighing, in 30 samples of this example, the number of fruits in the fruit single stage is 14, the number of fruits in 0 stage is 10, the number of fruits in 1 stage is 3, the number of fruits in 3 stage is 2, and the number of fruits in 4 stage is 1.
Through measurement, in 30 samples of the embodiment, the maximum bending degree distribution series of the fruit strips of the fruits is 16, the number of the 0-grade fruits is 10, the number of the 2-grade fruits is 2, the number of the 3-grade fruits is 1, and the number of the 4-grade fruits is 1.
Through calculation: the long eggplant length uniformity index is 0.15.
Single fruit weight uniformity index 0.17.
The index of the uniformity and the uniformity of the fruit strips is 0.14.
The length uniformity index of the long solanaceous fruit in the batch is 0.15, the single fruit weight uniformity index is 0.17, and the uniform and straight uniformity index of the fruit strips is 0.14; according to the judgment standard of the uniformity of the fruits, the long eggplant detected in the embodiment has the following characteristics: the fruit uniformity is not high and the sensory quality is poor.
Example 9 evaluation method of fruit uniformity of fruit vegetables
The hot pepper cutter is used for sharp hot peppers and comprises a fruit appearance uniformity index (length uniformity index), a single fruit rearrangement uniformity index and a fruit strip uniformity index, and the three define the fruit uniformity.
Randomly drawing 30 sharp pepper fruits, measuring the lengths of the pepper fruits one by using a ruler, and measuring by taking millimeters as a unit, wherein the measurement result is an integer; measuring the maximum bending degree (the maximum vertical distance between a bending part of the pepper and a straight line where two end points of the pepper are located), and measuring in millimeter units, wherein the measurement result is an integer; weighing the weight of a single fruit by using a balance, measuring the weight by taking grams as a unit, and taking the measurement result as an integer. The fruit appearance uniformity index, single fruit reforming uniformity index and fruit strip uniformity index were calculated in the same manner as in example 1.
Through measurement, in 30 samples of the embodiment, the fruit length distribution levels are 13, the number of 0-level fruits is 8, the number of 2-level fruits is 4, the number of 3-level fruits is 3, and the number of 4-level fruits is 2.
After weighing, in 30 samples of this example, the number of fruits in the fruit single stage is 15, the number of fruits in the 0 stage is 8, the number of fruits in the 1 stage is 4, the number of fruits in the 3 stage is 2, and the number of fruits in the 4 stage is 1.
Through measurement, in 30 samples of the embodiment, the maximum bending degree distribution series of the fruit strips of the fruits is 16, the number of the 0-grade fruits is 10, the number of the 2-grade fruits is 2, the number of the 3-grade fruits is 1, and the number of the 4-grade fruits is 1.
Through calculation: the length uniformity index of the sharp peppers is 0.22.
Single fruit weight uniformity index 0.17.
The index of the uniformity and the uniformity of the fruit strips is 0.14.
The length uniformity index of the sharp pepper fruits in the batch is 0.22, the single fruit weight uniformity index is 0.17, and the uniform and straight uniformity index of the pepper fruits is 0.14; according to the judgment standard of the fruit uniformity, the pepper tip detected in the embodiment has the following characteristics: the fruit uniformity is not high and the sensory quality is poor.
Example 10 method for evaluating uniformity of fruits and vegetables
For large fruit tomatoes, the fruit uniformity index (diameter uniformity index) and the single fruit weight uniformity index are included, and the two indexes jointly limit the fruit uniformity.
Randomly extracting 30 large tomato fruits, measuring the maximum transverse diameter (namely the transverse diameter of the fruits) of the tomato fruits one by using a caliper, measuring by taking millimeters as a unit, and taking an integer as a measurement result; weighing the weight of a single fruit by using a balance, measuring the weight by taking grams as a unit, and taking the measurement result as an integer. And calculating the fruit appearance uniformity index and the single fruit reforming uniformity index.
(1) The fruit shape uniformity index is calculated according to the following formula:
fruit shape uniformity index = Σ xa/(5 Σ x) = (x)1a1+x2a2+x3a3+x4a4+x5a5)/（5Σx）
In the formula:
x1，x2，x3，x4，x5-the number of fruits at each level;
a1，a2，a3，a4，a5-the number of the fruit transverse diameter distribution stages;
Σ x — sample total fruit number.
Taking the average value of the transverse diameters of tomato fruits of each batch of samples as a base number, and dividing the transverse diameter distribution stage number, wherein the specific division standard is as follows:
level 0: the transverse diameter of the fruit is multiplied by (1 st 5%) of the fruit, and the distribution grade of the fruit is 0 grade;
level 1: the fruit transverse diameter is in the range of multiplying the average value by (1 st 10%), the fruit of 0 grade is subtracted, and the fruit distribution grade of the rest fruits is 1 grade;
and 2, stage: the fruit with the transverse diameter in the range of multiplying the average value by (1 st 15%) minus the fruits of 0 grade and 1 grade, and the rest fruits have the fruit distribution grade of 2 grade;
and 3, level: the fruit with the transverse diameter in the range of multiplying the average value by (1 st 20%) minus the fruits of 0 grade, 1 grade and 2 grade, and the rest fruits have the fruit distribution grade of 3 grade;
4, level: the transverse diameter of the fruit is multiplied by (1 st 20%) of the fruit outside the range, and the fruit distribution grade is 4 grades;
the result is to retain the 2 digit number following the decimal point.
In 30 samples of this example, the number of 0-grade fruits was 20, the number of 1-grade fruits was 4, the number of 2-grade fruits was 4, the number of 3-grade fruits was 1, and the number of 4-grade fruits was 1.
Through calculation: the transverse diameter uniformity index of the tomatoes is 0.13.
(2) The single fruit weight uniformity index is calculated according to the following formula:
single fruit weight uniformity index = Σ yb/(5 Σ y) = (y)1b1+y2b2+y3b3+y4b4+y5b5)/（5Σy）
In the formula:
y1，y2，y3，y4，y5-the number of fruits at each level;
b1，b2，b3，b4，b5-fruit single fruit redistribution level;
Σ y — sample total fruit number.
Taking the average value of the single fruit weight of each batch of tomato fruits as a base number, and performing single fruit weight distribution progression division, wherein the specific division standard is as follows:
level 0: the weight of the single fruit of the fruit is multiplied by (1 st 5%) of the fruit, and the distribution grade of the fruit is 0 grade;
level 1: the fruit with the single fruit weight in the range of multiplying the average value by (1 st 10%) minus the fruit with the 0 grade, and the rest fruit with the fruit distribution grade of 1 grade;
and 2, stage: the fruit with the single fruit weight in the range of multiplying the average value by (1 st 15%) minus the fruit with 0 grade and 1 grade, and the rest fruit has the fruit distribution grade of 2 grade;
and 3, level: the fruit with the single fruit weight in the range of multiplying the average value by (1 st 20%) minus the fruits of 0 grade, 1 grade and 2 grade, and the rest fruits have the fruit distribution grade of 3 grade;
4, level: the weight of a single fruit is multiplied by the fruit outside the range of (1 st 20%) of the average value, and the distribution grade of the fruit is 4 grades;
the result is to retain the 2 digit number following the decimal point.
By weighing, in 30 samples of this example, the number of 0-grade fruits was 20, the number of 1-grade fruits was 5, the number of 2-grade fruits was 3, the number of 3-grade fruits was 1, and the number of 4-grade fruits was 1.
Through calculation: the tomato of this example has a single fruit weight uniformity index of 0.12.
The tomato fruit length uniformity index of the batch is 0.13, and the single fruit weight uniformity index is 0.12; according to the judgment standard of the uniformity of the fruits, the tomatoes detected in the embodiment have the following characteristics: high uniformity of fruit and good sensory quality.
Example 11A method for evaluating the uniformity of fruits in fruit vegetables
For large fruit tomatoes, the fruit uniformity index (diameter uniformity index) and the single fruit weight uniformity index are included, and the two indexes jointly limit the fruit uniformity.
Randomly drawing 40 tomato fruits, measuring the transverse diameters of the tomato fruits one by using a caliper, measuring by taking millimeters as a unit, and taking the measurement result as an integer; weighing the weight of a single fruit by using a balance, measuring the weight by taking grams as a unit, and taking the measurement result as an integer. The fruit shape uniformity index and the single fruit weight uniformity index were calculated in the same manner as in example 10.
Through measurement, in 40 samples of the embodiment, the number of the fruits in the 0 grade is 21, the number of the fruits in the 1 grade is 13, the number of the fruits in the 2 grade is 4, the number of the fruits in the 3 grade is 1, and the number of the fruits in the 4 grade is 1.
After weighing, in 40 samples of this example, the number of fruits in the fruit single stage is 21, the number of fruits in the 0 stage is 14, the number of fruits in the 1 stage is 2, the number of fruits in the 3 stage is 2, and the number of fruits in the 4 stage is 1.
Through calculation: the transverse diameter uniformity index of the tomato is 0.14.
The single fruit weight uniformity index was 0.14.
The transverse diameter uniformity index of the tomato fruits in the batch is 0.14, and the single fruit weight uniformity index is 0.14; according to the judgment standard of the uniformity of the fruits, the tomatoes detected in the embodiment have the following characteristics: high uniformity of fruit and good sensory quality.
Example 12A method for evaluating the uniformity of fruits in fruit vegetables
For tomatoes, the fruit body shape uniformity index (diameter uniformity index) and the single fruit weight uniformity index are included, and the two together define the fruit uniformity.
Randomly drawing 35 tomato fruits, measuring the transverse diameters of the tomato fruits one by using a caliper, measuring by taking millimeters as a unit, and taking the measurement result as an integer; weighing the weight of a single fruit by using a balance, measuring the weight by taking grams as a unit, and taking the measurement result as an integer. The fruit shape uniformity index and the single fruit weight uniformity index were calculated in the same manner as in example 10.
Through measurement, in the 35 samples of the embodiment, the number of the fruits in the 0 grade is 16, the number of the fruits in the 1 grade is 10, the number of the fruits in the 2 grade is 4, the number of the fruits in the 3 grade is 3, and the number of the fruits in the 4 grade is 2.
By weighing, in the 35 samples of this example, the number of fruits per fruit is 17, the number of fruits at 0 level is 12, the number of fruits at 1 level is 3, the number of fruits at 3 levels is 2, and the number of fruits at 4 levels is 1.
Through calculation: the transverse diameter uniformity index of the tomatoes is 0.20.
The single fruit weight uniformity index was 0.16.
The transverse diameter uniformity index of the tomato fruits in the batch is 0.20, and the single fruit weight uniformity index is 0.16; according to the judgment standard of the uniformity of the fruits, the tomatoes detected in the embodiment have the following characteristics: the fruit uniformity is low and the sensory quality is poor.
Example 13A method for evaluating the uniformity of fruits in fruit vegetables
The method is used for round eggplant and comprises a fruit shape neatness index (diameter neatness index) and a single fruit weight neatness index, wherein the fruit shape neatness index and the single fruit weight neatness index jointly define the fruit neatness.
Randomly extracting 40 round eggplant fruits, measuring the transverse diameters of the round eggplant fruits one by using a caliper, and measuring by taking millimeters as a unit, wherein the measurement result is an integer; weighing the weight of a single fruit by using a balance, measuring the weight by taking grams as a unit, and taking the measurement result as an integer. The fruit shape uniformity index and the single fruit weight uniformity index were calculated in the same manner as in example 10.
Through measurement, in 40 samples of the embodiment, the number of the fruits in the level of transverse diameter distribution is 23, the number of the fruits in the level 0 is 12, the number of the fruits in the level 1 is 2, the number of the fruits in the level 2 is 2, and the number of the fruits in the level 4 is 1.
After weighing, in 40 samples of this example, the number of fruits in the fruit single stage is 20, the number of fruits in 0 stage is 13, the number of fruits in 2 stage is 3, the number of fruits in 3 stage is 3, and the number of fruits in 4 stage is 1.
Through calculation: the transverse diameter uniformity index of round eggplant is 0.13.
The single fruit weight uniformity index was 0.16.
The transverse diameter uniformity index of the round eggplant fruits in the batch is 0.14, and the single fruit weight uniformity index is 0.16; according to the judgment standard of the uniformity of the fruits, the round eggplant detected by the embodiment: the fruit uniformity is not high and the sensory quality is poor.
Example 14 method for evaluating fruit uniformity of fruit vegetables
The formula is used for the square peppers and comprises a fruit shape neatness index (transverse diameter neatness index) and a single fruit weight neatness index, and the fruit neatness is defined by the fruit shape neatness index and the single fruit weight neatness index.
Randomly extracting 35 pepper fruits, measuring the transverse diameters of the pepper fruits one by using a caliper, measuring by taking millimeters as a unit, and taking an integer as a measurement result; weighing the weight of a single fruit by using a balance, measuring the weight by taking grams as a unit, and taking the measurement result as an integer. The fruit shape uniformity index and the single fruit weight uniformity index were calculated in the same manner as in example 10.
Through measurement, in the 35 samples of the present example, the number of the fruits in the 0-grade fruit is 17, the number of the fruits in the 1-grade fruit is 10, the number of the fruits in the 2-grade fruit is 3, the number of the fruits in the 3-grade fruit is 4, and the number of the fruits in the 4-grade fruit is 1.
By weighing, in the 35 samples of this example, the number of fruits on the fruit single level is 19, the number of fruits on the 0 level is 11, the number of fruits on the 2 level is 2, the number of fruits on the 3 level is 2, and the number of fruits on the 4 level is 1.
Through calculation: the transverse diameter uniformity index of the pepper is 0.18.
The single fruit weight uniformity index was 0.14.
The index of the uniformity of the transverse diameter of the hot pepper fruits in the batch is 0.18, and the index of the uniformity of the weight of a single fruit is 0.14; according to the judgment standard of the uniformity of fruits, the pepper detected by the embodiment has the following characteristics: the fruit uniformity is not high and the sensory quality is poor.
Example 15A method for evaluating the uniformity of fruits in fruit vegetables
The method is used for round eggplant and comprises a fruit shape neatness index (transverse diameter neatness index) and a single fruit weight neatness index, wherein the fruit shape neatness index and the single fruit weight neatness index jointly define the fruit neatness.
Randomly extracting 38 round eggplant fruits, measuring the transverse diameters of the round eggplant fruits one by using a caliper, and measuring by taking millimeters as a unit, wherein the measurement result is an integer; weighing the weight of a single fruit by using a balance, measuring the weight by taking grams as a unit, and taking the measurement result as an integer. The fruit shape uniformity index and the single fruit weight uniformity index were calculated in the same manner as in example 10.
Through measurement, in 38 samples of this example, the number of fruit transverse diameter distribution stages is 19, the number of fruit of 0 stage is 13, the number of fruit of 2 stage is 2, the number of fruit of 3 stage is 2, and the number of fruit of 4 stage is 1.
By weighing, in 38 samples of this example, the number of fruits in the fruit single stage is 21, the number of fruits in the 0 stage is 11, the number of fruits in the 2 stage is 3, the number of fruits in the 3 stage is 2, and the number of fruits in the 4 stage is 1.
Through calculation: the transverse diameter uniformity index of round eggplant is 0.14.
The single fruit weight uniformity index was 0.14.
The transverse diameter uniformity index of the round eggplant fruits in the batch is 0.14, and the single fruit weight uniformity index is 0.14; according to the judgment standard of the uniformity of the fruits, the round eggplant detected by the embodiment: high uniformity of fruit and good sensory quality.
Example 16A method for evaluating the uniformity of fruits in fruit vegetables
The method is used for round eggplant and comprises a fruit shape neatness index (diameter neatness index) and a single fruit weight neatness index, wherein the fruit shape neatness index and the single fruit weight neatness index jointly define the fruit neatness.
Randomly extracting 35 round eggplant fruits, measuring the transverse diameters of the round eggplant fruits one by using a caliper, and measuring by taking millimeters as a unit, wherein the measurement result is an integer; weighing the weight of a single fruit by using a balance, measuring the weight by taking grams as a unit, and taking the measurement result as an integer. The fruit shape uniformity index and the single fruit weight uniformity index were calculated in the same manner as in example 10.
Through measurement, in the 35 samples of the embodiment, the number of the fruits in the 0 grade is 18, the number of the fruits in the 1 grade is 12, the number of the fruits in the 2 grade is 2, the number of the fruits in the 3 grade is 2, and the number of the fruits in the 4 grade is 1.
By weighing, in the 35 samples of this example, the number of fruits per fruit is 17, the number of fruits at 0 level is 14, the number of fruits at 2 level is 2, the number of fruits at 3 level is 1, and the number of fruits at 4 level is 1.
Through calculation: the transverse diameter uniformity index of round eggplant is 0.15.
The single fruit weight uniformity index was 0.14.
The transverse diameter uniformity index of the round eggplant fruits in the batch is 0.15, and the single fruit weight uniformity index is 0.14; according to the judgment standard of the uniformity of the fruits, the round eggplant detected by the embodiment: high uniformity of fruit and good sensory quality.
Example 17A method for evaluating the uniformity of fruits in fruit vegetables
The hot pepper (square) is used for hot pepper (square), and comprises a fruit appearance uniformity index (transverse diameter uniformity index) and a single fruit weight uniformity index, wherein the two indexes jointly limit the fruit uniformity.
Randomly extracting 40 pepper fruits, measuring the transverse diameters of the pepper fruits one by using a caliper, measuring by taking millimeters as a unit, and taking the measurement result as an integer; weighing the weight of a single fruit by using a balance, measuring the weight by taking grams as a unit, and taking the measurement result as an integer. The fruit shape uniformity index and the single fruit weight uniformity index were calculated in the same manner as in example 10.
Through measurement, in 40 samples of the embodiment, the number of the fruits in the level of transverse diameter distribution is 23, the number of the fruits in the level 0 is 12, the number of the fruits in the level 1 is 2, the number of the fruits in the level 2 is 2, and the number of the fruits in the level 4 is 1.
After weighing, in 40 samples of this example, the number of fruits in the fruit single stage is 23, the number of fruits in 0 stage is 13, the number of fruits in 2 stage is 2, the number of fruits in 3 stage is 1, and the number of fruits in 4 stage is 1.
Through calculation: the transverse diameter uniformity index of the square peppers is 0.13.
The single fruit weight uniformity index is 0.12.
The transverse diameter uniformity index of the square pepper fruits in the batch is 0.11, and the single fruit weight uniformity index is 0.12; according to the judgment standard of the uniformity of fruits, the square pepper detected by the embodiment has the following characteristics: high uniformity of fruit and good sensory quality.
Example 18A method for evaluating the uniformity of fruits in fruit vegetables
The hot pepper (square) is used for hot pepper (square), and comprises a fruit appearance uniformity index (transverse diameter uniformity index) and a single fruit weight uniformity index, wherein the two indexes jointly limit the fruit uniformity.
Randomly extracting 30 pepper fruits, measuring the transverse diameters of the pepper fruits one by using a caliper, measuring by taking millimeters as a unit, and taking the measurement result as an integer; weighing the weight of a single fruit by using a balance, measuring the weight by taking grams as a unit, and taking the measurement result as an integer. The fruit shape uniformity index and the single fruit weight uniformity index were calculated in the same manner as in example 10.
Through measurement, in 30 samples of the embodiment, the number of the fruits in the 0-grade fruit is 20, the number of the fruits in the 1-grade fruit is 6, the number of the fruits in the 2-grade fruit is 2, the number of the fruits in the 3-grade fruit is 1, and the number of the fruits in the 4-grade fruit is 1.
After weighing, in 30 samples of this example, the number of fruits in the fruit single stage is 10, the number of fruits in the 0 stage is 8, the number of fruits in the 1 stage is 3, the number of fruits in the 3 stage is 2, and the number of fruits in the 4 stage is 0.
Through calculation: the transverse diameter uniformity index of the square peppers is 0.11.
The single fruit weight uniformity index was 0.13.
The transverse diameter uniformity index of the square pepper fruits in the batch is 0.11, and the single fruit weight uniformity index is 0.13; according to the judgment standard of the uniformity of fruits, the square pepper detected by the embodiment has the following characteristics: high uniformity of fruit and good sensory quality.
The following is the raw measurement record of example 1:
measurement of cucumber length in 30 samples: 295mm, 303mm, 346mm, 301mm, 303mm, 300mm, 280mm, 301mm, 257mm, 303mm, 306mm, 302mm, 286mm, 287mm, 289mm, 288mm, 290mm, 361mm, 290mm, 340mm, 286mm, 276mm, 287mm, 292mm, 325mm, 291mm, 339mm, 286mm
The average cucumber length is: 300mm
Wherein,
level 0: a total of 22 fruits in the range of 300mm by (1 st 5%) were: 286mm, 287mm, 288mm, 289mm, 290mm, 291mm, 292mm, 295mm, 300mm, 301mm, 302mm, 303mm, 306 mm;
level 1: fruits in the range of 300mm times (1 st 10%), minus fruits of grade 0, the remaining 3 fruits, respectively: 276mm, 280mm and 325 mm;
and 2, stage: fruits in the range of 300mm times (1 st 15%), minus fruits of grade 0, grade 1, the remaining 3 fruits are: 257mm, 339mm and 340 mm;
and 3, level: fruits in the range of 300mm multiplied by (1 st 20%), minus 0, 1, 2 grades of fruits, the remaining 1 in total being 346 mm;
4, level: the number of fruits outside the 300mm by (1 st 20%) range was 1 in total and was 361 mm.
Weighing of cucumber individual fruit weight in 30 samples: 345g, 330g, 302g, 340g, 337g, 348g, 365g, 338g, 329g, 335g, 342g, 355g, 338g, 334g, 343g, 395g, 311g, 333g, 301g, 347g, 332g, 361g, 332g, 351g, 339g, 410g, 338g, 320g, 310g, 380g
The average weight of the single fruit is: 340g
Wherein,
level 0: 340g times (1 st 5%) of 20 fruits, respectively: 329g, 330g, 332g, 333g, 334g, 335g, 337g, 338g, 339g, 340g, 342g, 343g, 345g, 347g, 348g, 351g, 355 g;
level 1: 340g of fruits multiplied by (1 st 10%) minus 0 grades of fruits, the remaining 5 fruits being: 310g, 311g, 320g, 361g and 365 g;
and 2, stage: 340g multiplied by (1 st 15%) of the fruits, minus the fruits of class 0, class 1, the remaining 3 fruits, respectively: 301g, 302g, 380 g;
and 3, level: 340g multiplied by (1 st 20%) of the fruit, minus the 0, 1, 2 grades of the fruit, the remaining 1 fruit, 395 g;
4, level: 340g multiplied by 1 fruit (20% of 1 st) is 410 g.
Measurement of the maximum body bending of cucumbers among 30 samples: 6mm, 0mm, 1mm, 18mm, 0mm, 7mm, 0mm, 12mm, 0mm, 2mm, 0mm, 8mm, 0mm, 1mm, 11mm, 1mm, 0mm, 2mm, 0mm, 1mm, 2mm, 14mm, 0mm, 3mm, 7mm, 1mm, 3mm, 4mm, 0mm, 5mm
Wherein,
level 0: the maximum bending degree of the fruit body is not more than 22 fruits within the range of 5mm, which are respectively as follows: 0mm, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5 mm;
level 1: the maximum bending degree of the fruit body is not more than the fruit in the range of l0mm, the fruit of 0 grade is subtracted, and the remaining 4 fruits are respectively: 6mm, 7mm, 8 mm;
and 2, stage: the maximum bending degree of the fruit body is not more than the fruit in the range of l5mm, the fruit of 0 grade and 1 grade is subtracted, and the remaining fruit number is 3, which are respectively: 11mm, 12mm, 14 mm;
and 3, level: the maximum bending degree of the fruit body is not more than 20mm, the fruits of 0 grade, 1 grade and 2 grade are subtracted, and the remaining 1 fruit is 18 mm;
4, level: there are no fruits with a maximum curvature of the body greater than 20 mm.
Since 2017, Hecai Manor food base Limited, Shandong province, guides base vegetable production by the method for evaluating fruit uniformity of fruit vegetables, grades tomatoes, cucumbers, hot peppers and eggplants produced by enterprises are graded by the method in primary processing of a production place, and wholesale prices of the high-quality tomatoes, cucumbers, hot peppers and eggplants screened by the method are respectively 0.40-0.8 yuan/kg, 0.50-1.00 yuan/kg, 0.60-1.20 yuan/kg and 0.40-0.60 yuan/kg higher than the average price of the market. The fruit and vegetable products with good sensory quality evaluated by the method for evaluating the uniformity of fruits and vegetables are accepted by the market; the method for evaluating the uniformity of fruits, vegetables and fruits has reasonable and reliable evaluation results.
Except for special description, the percentages are mass percentages, and the ratios are mass ratios.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for evaluating the uniformity of fruits of fruit vegetables is characterized by comprising the following steps: the evaluation indexes of the method comprise a fruit appearance uniformity index and a single fruit reforming uniformity index.
2. The method for evaluating the uniformity of fruits in fruit vegetables according to claim 1, wherein: the method is used for evaluating the uniformity of fruits of long fruits of fruit vegetables, and the evaluation index also comprises the uniformity index of fruit strips.
3. The method for evaluating the uniformity of fruits in fruit vegetables according to claim 1, wherein: the fruit appearance uniformity index is calculated according to the following formula:
fruit shape uniformity index = Σ xa/(5 Σ x) = (x)1a1+x2a2+x3a3+x4a4+x5a5)/（5Σx）
In the formula:
x1，x2，x3，x4，x5-the number of fruits at each level;
a1，a2，a3，a4，a5-fruit length or cross distribution progression;
Σ x — sample total fruit number;
taking the average value of the length or cross diameter of fruits, vegetables and vegetables of each batch of samples as a cardinal number, dividing the fruit length or cross diameter distribution series, wherein the specific division standard is as follows:
level 0: fruits with the fruit length or cross diameter within the range of multiplying the average value by (1 st 5%), wherein the fruit distribution level is 0 level;
level 1: fruits with fruit length or cross diameter in the range of the average value multiplied by (1 st 10%), subtracting the fruits with grade 0, and remaining fruits with grade 1;
and 2, stage: fruits with the fruit length or cross diameter within the range of multiplying the average value by (1 st 15%), subtracting the fruits with the grades of 0 and 1, and obtaining the rest fruits with the grade of 2;
and 3, level: fruits with the fruit length or cross diameter within the range of multiplying the average value by (1 st 20%), subtracting fruits of 0 grade, 1 grade and 2 grade, and obtaining the rest fruits with the fruit distribution grade of 3 grade;
4, level: the fruit with the fruit length or cross diameter outside the range of multiplying the average value by (1 st 20%) has the fruit distribution grade of 4;
the result is to retain the 2 digit number following the decimal point.
4. The method for evaluating the uniformity of fruits in fruit vegetables according to claim 1, wherein: the single fruit weight uniformity index is calculated according to the following formula:
single fruit weight uniformity index = Σ yb/(5 Σ y) = (y)1b1+y2b2+y3b3+y4b4+y5b5)/（5Σy）
In the formula:
y1，y2，y3，y4，y5——the number of fruits at each level;
b1，b2，b3，b4，b5-fruit single fruit redistribution level;
Σ y — sample total fruit number;
taking the average value of the weight of the single fruit of the fruits, vegetables and vegetables of each batch of samples as a base number, and performing single fruit redistribution stage division, wherein the specific division standard is as follows:
level 0: the weight of the single fruit of the fruit is multiplied by (1 st 5%) of the fruit, and the distribution grade of the fruit is 0 grade;
level 1: the fruit with the single fruit weight in the range of multiplying the average value by (1 st 10%) minus the fruit with the 0 grade, and the rest fruit with the fruit distribution grade of 1 grade;
and 2, stage: the fruit with the single fruit weight in the range of multiplying the average value by (1 st 15%) minus the fruit with 0 grade and 1 grade, and the rest fruit has the fruit distribution grade of 2 grade;
and 3, level: the fruit with the single fruit weight in the range of multiplying the average value by (1 st 20%) minus the fruits of 0 grade, 1 grade and 2 grade, and the rest fruits have the fruit distribution grade of 3 grade;
4, level: the weight of a single fruit is multiplied by the fruit outside the range of (1 st 20%) of the average value, and the distribution grade of the fruit is 4 grades;
the result is to retain the 2 digit number following the decimal point.
5. The method for evaluating the uniformity of fruits in fruit vegetables according to claim 2, wherein: the fruit strip evenness index is calculated according to the following formula:
fruit streak alignment index = Σ zc/(5 Σ z) = (z)1c1+z2c2+z3c3+z4c4+z5c5)/（5Σz）
In the formula:
z1，z2，z3，z4，z5-the number of fruits at each level;
c1，c2，c3，c4，c5-fruit stripsThe maximum curvature distribution series;
Σ z — sample total fruit number;
dividing the maximum curvature distribution grade by the numerical value of the maximum curvature of the fruit strips of fruits, vegetables, fruits and vegetables of each batch of samples, wherein the specific division standard is as follows:
level 0: the maximum bending degree of the fruit body is not more than 5mm, and the fruit distribution grade is 0 grade;
level 1: the maximum bending degree of the fruit body is not more than l0mm, 0-grade fruits are subtracted, and the distribution grade of the rest fruits is 1 grade;
and 2, stage: the maximum bending degree of the fruit body is not more than l5mm, the fruits of 0 grade and 1 grade are subtracted, and the distribution grade of the rest fruits is 2 grade;
and 3, level: the maximum bending degree of the fruit body is not more than 20mm, the fruits of 0 grade, 1 grade and 2 grade are subtracted, and the distribution grade of the rest fruits is 3 grade;
4, level: the maximum bending degree of the fruit body is greater than 20mm, and the fruit distribution grade is 4;
the result is to retain the 2 digit number following the decimal point.
6. The method for evaluating the uniformity of fruits in fruit vegetables according to claim 5, wherein: the maximum bending degree of the fruit strips is the maximum vertical distance between the bending part of the fruit and a straight line where two end points of the fruit are located.
7. The method for evaluating the uniformity of fruits in fruit vegetables according to claim 1, wherein: the evaluation method is used for judging the uniformity of round or square fruits:
the index of the appearance uniformity of the fruits is less than or equal to 0.15, and the index of the single-fruit weight uniformity is less than or equal to 0.15.
8. The method for evaluating the uniformity of fruits in fruit vegetables according to claim 2, wherein: the evaluation method is used for judging the uniformity of the long fruits:
the index of the appearance uniformity of the fruits is less than or equal to 0.20, the index of the single-fruit weight uniformity is less than or equal to 0.15, and the index of the uniform and straight uniformity of the fruit strips is less than or equal to 0.20.
9. The method for evaluating the uniformity of fruits in fruit vegetables according to claim 7, wherein: the long fruit includes cucumber, eggplant and hot pepper, and the hot pepper includes hot pepper with goat horn and ox horn.
10. The method for evaluating the uniformity of fruits in fruit vegetables according to claim 8, wherein: the round or square fruits comprise fruits of tomatoes, round tomatoes and square peppers; the square peppers include various peppers, sweet peppers and color peppers of which the fruits are in a square lantern shape.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112036745A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-12-04 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Simple evaluation method for comprehensive quality of jujube fruits |
| CN113518182A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-10-19 | 天津市农业科学院 | Cucumber phenotype characteristic measuring method based on raspberry pie |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112036745A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-12-04 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Simple evaluation method for comprehensive quality of jujube fruits |
| CN112036745B (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2023-06-23 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Simple and convenient evaluation method for comprehensive quality of jujube fruits |
| CN113518182A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-10-19 | 天津市农业科学院 | Cucumber phenotype characteristic measuring method based on raspberry pie |
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