CN110851942A - Social force model-based crowd inter-group avoidance and intra-group cooperation model - Google Patents

Social force model-based crowd inter-group avoidance and intra-group cooperation model Download PDF

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CN110851942A
CN110851942A CN201810860050.5A CN201810860050A CN110851942A CN 110851942 A CN110851942 A CN 110851942A CN 201810860050 A CN201810860050 A CN 201810860050A CN 110851942 A CN110851942 A CN 110851942A
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avoidance
groups
pedestrians
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黄琳
龚建华
李文航
孙麇
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Jiaxing Hetu Remote Sensing Technology Co ltd
Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth of CAS
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Jiaxing Hetu Remote Sensing Technology Co ltd
Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth of CAS
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Abstract

The crowd simulation research on the pedestrian movement and the interrelation of the pedestrians and the environment is a method for predicting in advance or inspecting afterwards for urban infrastructure planning, large-scale public activity planning, emergency evacuation of emergencies and the like. According to the method, common behaviors of pedestrians in real life such as avoidance, crowding, blockage, attraction and repulsion can be simulated by constructing mechanical models among the pedestrians and the environment, and the movement mode of the pedestrians in the scene can be simulated by combining the particularity of the pedestrians in different scenes. The model adds the avoidance behavior among the groups and the coordination behavior of the secondary groups in the groups, can simulate the avoidance behavior in different environments, and if the secondary groups are forced to be separated in the avoidance process, the different secondary groups can keep central symmetry and keep certain distance beneficial to walking by adding the force of the rear secondary group closing to the front secondary group. On one hand, the current crowd simulation is widely applied to the fields of tourism, fire fighting, buildings and the like, and has extremely high requirements on the quality of the crowd simulation result meeting the reality and being quickly visualized; on the other hand, the model is more consistent with real pedestrian behaviors, and pedestrians with different attributes and special phenomena under scenes can be simulated by adjusting parameters, so that the model has a very high social application value.

Description

Social force model-based crowd inter-group avoidance and intra-group cooperation model
Technical Field
The invention relates to a model for simulating crowd group behaviors, in particular to an avoidance mode among different groups and an interaction mode of different sub-groups in the same group, which can simulate the group avoidance behaviors and the behaviors of attraction, repulsion, center alignment and the like among the sub-groups in different crowded environments.
Background
Crowd simulation has important significance for urban space analysis and service application, such as building design and rationality detection, infrastructure planning, business site selection, emergency evacuation and the like. From a microscopic perspective, the crowd simulation not only needs to express the behavior mode of an independent individual, but also simulates the behaviors of avoiding collision with other pedestrians and obstacles, moving to a designated destination, continuously adjusting the speed and the direction and the like. However, in the pedestrian population in many places, most pedestrians with certain social relationships and the same purpose occupy the majority, and the behavior characteristics of the pedestrian population greatly affect the behavior mode of the whole pedestrian population, so a model capable of simulating the special social group behaviors is also needed. Aiming at the requirement, the invention provides a crowd avoidance and intra-group cooperation model based on a social force model, which can reflect how different groups avoid each other under the condition of same direction and different direction, and can simulate that the internal part of the group with more people is decomposed into 2-3 unequal sub-groups and how the sub-groups adjust the positions and the distances between the sub-groups.
However, most of the current crowd simulation aims at independent individuals, and social groups with social relations are rarely considered. In a few models considering social groups, the group behaviors that can be modeled can be roughly classified into the following two categories: 1) adding an attraction pointing to the group centroid for members in the same social group, the attraction enabling the group members to be as close together as possible; 2) the space structure of the groups with different numbers of people is predefined, the members in the groups form a certain shape through the adjustment of the speed, and the balance of the advancing and communicating of the two members is adjusted according to different environments. However, the social groups simulated by the models are loose, and members in the same group can be scattered even far away in a complex environment, namely, the members are not gathered in space and cannot form a certain structure. The invention aims to solve the problem of mathematical modeling, which can simulate an avoidance mode when a group and a group are intersected and can also simulate the behavior of how different sub-groups of the same group coordinate with each other.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a social force-based inter-group avoidance model, a secondary inter-group coordination model, and a population simulation solution with social relationships.
In order to achieve the above object, the following solutions are adopted in the present invention:
(1) the classical social force model is realized, and the phenomena of avoidance, crowding, blockage and the like can be simulated.
Figure BDA0001748812650000021
Figure BDA0001748812650000022
(2) Expanding the social force model, joining the attraction and the repulsion of the group members in the group with the social relationship,
and the steering force of the member view angle steering group centroid makes the members belonging to the same group walk as far as possible
May have to be grouped together.
Figure BDA0001748812650000023
Figure BDA0001748812650000024
(3) On the basis of the group social force model, the group avoiding force is added, so that the group avoids other groups
In the process of grouping and pedestrian, the mode of avoiding the whole group is adopted, but the pedestrian does not pass through the inside of other groups or pass through the inside of other groups
Other pedestrians can pass through the group. And in the process of avoiding, the dummy can be congested according to the scene
And judging the selected avoidance mode and the avoidance positive degree by the extrusion degree and the like.
Figure BDA0001748812650000025
fgroupRep＝A·exp[(rij-dij)/B]·S·ev
(4) Then adding the secondary group coordination behavior belonging to the same group based on the model, wherein the group
The members are grouped, the sub-groups are aligned back and forth, and the sub-groups are maintained at a certain back and forth distance.
Figure BDA0001748812650000026
fsubGroup＝fsubAtt+fsubDist
(5) The improved model is used for simulating crowd behaviors in subways, office parks, tourist attractions and the like.
The model expanded by the method has the following advantages: the invention relates to an expansion model based on a social force model, which focuses on microscopic interactive behaviors among pedestrians, can simulate the basic behaviors of avoidance, crowding, blocking and the like of the pedestrians, and can also simulate the behaviors of attraction, repulsion and the like of a group which has social relations and travels together. After a group avoidance mode is added, the model allows pedestrians to autonomously judge the environment, and a reasonable avoidance mode is selected according to the situation, wherein the avoidance mode comprises group avoidance and alternate avoidance. When the scene is enough for the whole group to pass through, the group is better to avoid, and when the group with high crowd density cannot pass through the whole group, the group is forced to be separated and pass through the inside of other groups. And finally, adding the coordination behaviors of the secondary groups, including the behaviors of aligning the front and back of the secondary groups in different rows and the behaviors of keeping a certain distance between the secondary groups. The improved model of the invention reflects the behavior mode of the group more truly, and has higher practical application value for planning large-scale public places and emergency evacuation of emergencies.
Drawings
For example, fig. 1 in the drawings of the specification is a phenomenon of avoidance, crowding, blockage and the like which can be realized by a classical social force model. Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating behavior after social forces are expanded and group attraction and repulsion forces are added. Fig. 3 is a view that a group avoiding force is added on the basis of fig. 2, so that the group can adopt a detour avoiding mode. FIG. 4 shows that after the coordinating force of the subgroups in the group is added, the subgroups maintain central symmetry and a certain distance.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the following formulas. The model utilizes real video data to observe the behaviors of the crowd group, and on the basis of a basic social force model, besides attractive force, repulsive force and visual angle steering force in the group, the group avoiding force is added to ensure that the group can avoid smoothly in a reasonable mode according to the current scene when avoiding other pedestrians and obstacles. In addition, the large group is decomposed into a secondary group consisting of 2-3 persons by the coordination force in the group, the central symmetry among the secondary groups is kept, and a certain distance is kept between the front and the back of the secondary group.
The implementation of the invention mainly comprises the following aspects: the method comprises the following steps of real video data observation and behavior extraction, social force model realization, extended social force group model realization, group joining avoidance behavior, secondary group joining coordination behavior and simulation in a specific application scene.
(1) The classical social force model is realized, and the phenomena of avoidance, crowding, blockage and the like can be simulated.
(2) And expanding a social force model, and adding group member attraction and repulsion in a group with social relationship and the member steering force for steering the group centroid from the member view angle, so that the members belonging to the same group can be gathered together as much as possible in the walking process.
(3) On the basis of the group social force model, the group avoidance force is added, so that the whole group avoidance mode is adopted in the process of avoiding other groups and pedestrians by the group instead of passing through the inside of the other groups or other pedestrians passing through the inside of the group. In the process of avoiding, the anthropomorphic dummy can judge the selected avoiding mode and the positive avoiding degree according to the scene crowding degree and the like.
(4) And then adding secondary group coordination behaviors belonging to the same group on the basis of the model, wherein the group members are grouped, the secondary groups are aligned front and back, and the secondary groups keep a certain front and back distance.
(5) The improved model is used for simulating crowd behaviors in subways, office parks, tourist attractions and the like.

Claims (1)

1. The social force model-based crowd inter-group avoidance and intra-group cooperation model is specifically realized by the following steps:
(1) the classical social force model is realized, and the phenomena of avoidance, crowding, blockage and the like can be simulated.
Figure FDA0001748812640000011
Figure FDA0001748812640000012
(2) And expanding a social force model, and adding group member attraction and repulsion in a group with social relationship and the member steering force for steering the group centroid from the member view angle, so that the members belonging to the same group can be gathered together as much as possible in the walking process.
Figure FDA0001748812640000013
(3) On the basis of the group social force model, the group avoidance force is added, so that the whole group avoidance mode is adopted in the process of avoiding other groups and pedestrians by the group instead of passing through the inside of the other groups or other pedestrians passing through the inside of the group. In the process of avoiding, the anthropomorphic dummy can judge the selected avoiding mode and the positive avoiding degree according to the scene crowding degree and the like.
Figure FDA0001748812640000015
fgroupRep＝A·exp[(rij-dij)/B]·S·ev
(4) And then adding secondary group coordination behaviors belonging to the same group on the basis of the model, wherein the group members are grouped, the secondary groups are aligned front and back, and the secondary groups keep a certain front and back distance.
Figure FDA0001748812640000016
fsubGroup＝fsubAtt+fsubDist
(5) The improved model is used for simulating crowd behaviors in subways, office parks, tourist attractions and the like.
The model expanded by the method has the following advantages: the invention relates to an expansion model based on a social force model, which focuses on microscopic interactive behaviors among pedestrians, can simulate the basic behaviors of avoidance, crowding, blocking and the like of the pedestrians, and can also simulate the behaviors of attraction, repulsion and the like of a group which has social relations and travels together. After a group avoidance mode is added, the model allows pedestrians to autonomously judge the environment, and a reasonable avoidance mode is selected according to the situation, wherein the avoidance mode comprises group avoidance and alternate avoidance. When the scene is enough for the whole group to pass through, the group is better to avoid, and when the group with high crowd density cannot pass through the whole group, the group is forced to be separated and pass through the inside of other groups. And finally, adding the coordination behaviors of the secondary groups, including the behaviors of aligning the front and back of the secondary groups in different rows and the behaviors of keeping a certain distance between the secondary groups. The improved model of the invention reflects the behavior mode of the group more truly, and has higher practical application value for planning large-scale public places and emergency evacuation of emergencies.
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CN105740514A (en) * 2016-01-22 2016-07-06 山东师范大学 Computer simulation system for large-size crowd evacuation and method therefor
CN107103150A (en) * 2017-05-11 2017-08-29 山东师范大学 A kind of two-way simulation method of pedestrian stream and system with avoidance mechanism
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