CN110850628B - Liquid crystal display panel and liquid crystal display device - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display panel and liquid crystal display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110850628B CN110850628B CN201911016168.0A CN201911016168A CN110850628B CN 110850628 B CN110850628 B CN 110850628B CN 201911016168 A CN201911016168 A CN 201911016168A CN 110850628 B CN110850628 B CN 110850628B
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- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 149
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001815 facial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 16
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 10
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/13362—Illuminating devices providing polarized light, e.g. by converting a polarisation component into another one
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Abstract
The application discloses a liquid crystal display panel and a liquid crystal display device, wherein a display area of the liquid crystal display panel comprises a pixel layer, a liquid crystal layer, a first polaroid and an optical sensor which are sequentially arranged; the first polarizer comprises a first polarizing unit and a second polarizing unit, the polarization directions of which are mutually vertical and are adjacently arranged; the liquid crystal layer comprises a first liquid crystal unit arranged corresponding to the first polarization unit and a second liquid crystal unit arranged corresponding to the second polarization unit, the polarization direction of the polarized light passing through the first liquid crystal unit is kept unchanged, and the polarization direction of the polarized light passing through the second liquid crystal unit is rotated by 90 degrees; the pixel layer comprises a transparent area arranged corresponding to the first liquid crystal unit and a pixel area arranged corresponding to the second liquid crystal unit; the optical sensor is arranged corresponding to the first polarization unit. This application provides collimation light path for optical sensor through transparent region, first liquid crystal cell and the first polarisation unit that corresponds the setting, has avoided optics to cross talk, has realized sensing technology under the LCD screen.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of sensing type liquid crystal display devices under screens, in particular to a liquid crystal display panel and a liquid crystal display device.
Background
In the field of medium and small-size display, a comprehensive screen technology becomes the current key development direction, namely, the screen occupation maximization of a human-computer interaction interface is realized through the development of related technologies. The first generation of full screen technology mainly focuses on the change of the screen size ratio from 16:9 to 18 +: 9, the second generation full-screen further compresses the upper, lower, left and right boundaries of the screen, and even adopts a flexible folding technology to maximize the visible Area, while the other direction of the current full-screen is to fuse the sensors of the display terminal, such as fingerprint identification, camera, face identification, distance sensing, and the like into the AA (Active Area, effective display) Area of the display screen, so that the display screen gradually transits from a simple display interface to a comprehensive sensing and interaction interface.
Currently, the main Display technologies include LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) and OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode), in which the LCD technology is a passive Light Emitting technology, that is, the entire backlight structure illuminates the Liquid Crystal cell to realize the brightness control of the optical fiber, and the OLED technology adopts the OLED pixel by pixel to actively emit Light. In addition, based on the self-luminous characteristic of the OLED, the OLED can be well compatible with the optical fingerprint identification module, so that the in-plane optical fingerprint identification becomes the unique advantage of the OLED at present, and how to break through the sensing technology in the LCD screen becomes the important direction for the continuous development of the LCD technology in the current comprehensive screen era.
The OLED under-screen sensing technology can directly adopt an under-screen collimator or an optical lens and the like to realize the collection of optical signals, and because the OLED is opaque self-luminous pixels, the sub-pixel area can not cause the optical crosstalk of a collimation light path. The LCD is a passive light-emitting structure, a backlight module is required, and if a collimating light path is arranged between the backlight module and a liquid crystal box, the irradiation area of backlight is influenced, so that normal display is influenced; if the collimating light path is arranged on one side of the backlight module far away from the liquid crystal box, the collimating light path is easily interfered by a back plate structure and an optical diaphragm in the backlight module, so that serious crosstalk occurs to a signal sensed under an LCD screen. Therefore, how to realize effective collimated light path design is the key to realize LCD screen down-sensing.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a liquid crystal display panel and a liquid crystal display device, provides a collimation light path for sensing under a screen for the liquid crystal display panel, can effectively avoid the problem of optical crosstalk, and can not influence normal display, so as to solve the technical problem of difficulty in sensing under the screen of the liquid crystal display panel.
The embodiment of the application provides a liquid crystal display panel, wherein a display area of the liquid crystal display panel comprises a pixel layer, a liquid crystal layer, a first polarizer and an optical sensor which are sequentially arranged;
the first polarizer comprises a first polarizing unit and a second polarizing unit, the polarization directions of the first polarizing unit and the second polarizing unit are mutually vertical and are adjacently arranged; the liquid crystal layer comprises a first liquid crystal unit arranged corresponding to the first polarization unit and a second liquid crystal unit arranged corresponding to the second polarization unit, the polarization direction of the polarized light passing through the first liquid crystal unit is kept unchanged, and the polarization direction of the polarized light passing through the second liquid crystal unit is rotated by 90 degrees;
the pixel layer comprises a transparent area arranged corresponding to the first liquid crystal unit and a pixel area arranged corresponding to the second liquid crystal unit;
the optical sensor is arranged corresponding to the first polarization unit.
Optionally, the display area of the liquid crystal display panel further includes a second polarizer arranged opposite to the first polarizer, and the second polarizer is arranged on one side of the pixel layer away from the liquid crystal layer; the polarization directions of the second polarizer and the first polarization unit are both the first polarization direction; the polarization direction of the second polarization unit is a second polarization direction, and the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are perpendicular to each other.
Optionally, the liquid crystal display panel further includes a driving circuit disposed on two sides of the second liquid crystal cell to adjust a liquid crystal deflection angle of the second liquid crystal cell, so that a polarization direction of polarized light passing through the second liquid crystal cell is rotated by 90 °; the liquid crystals of the first liquid crystal cell are aligned such that the polarization direction of polarized light passing through the first liquid crystal cell remains unchanged.
Optionally, the projection of the first polarization unit in the direction perpendicular to the liquid crystal display panel completely covers the projection of the optical sensor in the direction perpendicular to the liquid crystal display panel.
Optionally, the first polarization unit is attached to the corresponding optical sensor.
Optionally, the transparent region includes a plurality of transparent sub-regions distributed in an array, and the pixel region includes a plurality of pixel sub-regions corresponding to the plurality of transparent sub-regions one to one;
the first liquid crystal unit comprises a plurality of first sub liquid crystal units, and the second liquid crystal unit comprises a plurality of second sub liquid crystal units; the plurality of transparent subregions are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first sub liquid crystal units, and the plurality of pixel subregions are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second sub liquid crystal units;
the first polarization unit comprises a plurality of first sub-polarization units, and the second polarization unit comprises a plurality of second sub-polarization units; the plurality of first sub liquid crystal units and the plurality of first sub polarizing units are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the plurality of second sub liquid crystal units and the plurality of second sub polarizing units are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the optical sensor comprises a plurality of sub-sensors distributed in an array; the plurality of first sub-polarization units and the plurality of sub-sensors are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
Optionally, each pixel sub-region is provided with a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel and a blue sub-pixel; each transparent sub-area is provided with a transparent sub-pixel; the red sub-pixel, the green sub-pixel and the blue sub-pixel in each pixel sub-area are arranged side by side with the transparent sub-pixels in the corresponding transparent sub-areas; or the red sub-pixel, the green sub-pixel and the blue sub-pixel in each pixel sub-area are arranged side by side, and the transparent sub-pixel in each transparent sub-area is positioned on the same side of the red sub-pixel, the green sub-pixel and the blue sub-pixel in the corresponding pixel sub-area.
Optionally, a light shielding layer is disposed on a side of the optical sensor away from the liquid crystal layer.
Optionally, the optical sensor includes a fingerprint recognition sensor, a face recognition sensor, a distance recognition sensor, or a 3D imaging sensor.
The embodiment of the application also provides a liquid crystal display device, which comprises a backlight module and the liquid crystal display panel; the backlight module is positioned on one side of the optical sensor, which is far away from the liquid crystal layer.
The beneficial effect of this application does: in the application, the pixel area of the display area of the liquid crystal display panel, the corresponding second liquid crystal unit and the second polarization unit are used for normal display, the transparent area of the display area, the corresponding first liquid crystal unit and the corresponding first polarization unit are used for providing a collimation light path for the optical sensor, the optical sensor can collect light signals through the collimation light path to perform fingerprint identification or face identification, and the like, wherein the polarization directions of the first polarization unit and the second polarization unit are opposite, the optical sensor is arranged corresponding to the first polarization unit, so that the optical sensor only collects polarized light which can penetrate through the first polarization unit, the optical sensor is favorable for identifying the optical signals in a specific polarization direction, the transparent area can improve the transmittance of reflected light in different wavelength ranges, the strength of the light signals collected by the optical sensor is favorable for improving, and the first liquid crystal unit has no optical rotation property, the second liquid crystal unit has optical activity and can rotate the polarization direction of the polarized light by 90 degrees, the polarization direction of the polarized light which is emitted from the light-emitting side of the liquid crystal display panel and reflected to the pixel layer by an object to be identified is vertical to the polarization direction of the second polarization unit (namely, the polarization direction of the second polarization unit is the same as that of the first polarization unit), so that the polarization direction of the reflected polarized light which sequentially penetrates through the transparent area and the first liquid crystal unit is the same as that of the first polarization unit, the reflected polarized light can be directly collected by the optical sensor through the first polarization unit, the polarization direction of the reflected polarized light which sequentially passes through the pixel area and the second liquid crystal unit is vertical to that of the first polarization unit, the reflected polarized light cannot penetrate through the first polarization unit and cannot be collected by the optical sensor, the crosstalk of other optical signals on a collimating light path of the optical sensor is avoided, and the optical signal collection precision is improved, the liquid crystal display panel has the advantages that the identification precision of the optical sensor is improved, in addition, a collimator or an optical lens is not required to be arranged between the optical sensor and the first polarizer, the light source irradiation area of the light inlet side of the liquid crystal display panel is prevented from being influenced, and accordingly normal display of the liquid crystal display panel is prevented from being influenced.
Drawings
The technical solution and other advantages of the present application will become apparent from the detailed description of the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display area of a liquid crystal display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic optical path diagram of an lcd panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic partial structure diagram of an lcd panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a partial schematic view of a pixel layer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a partial schematic view of another pixel layer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are merely representative and are provided for purposes of describing example embodiments of the present application. This application may, however, be embodied in many alternate forms and should not be construed as limited to only the embodiments set forth herein.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated in a particular manner, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified. Furthermore, the term "comprises" and any variations thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.
In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
The present application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a liquid crystal display panel 1, where a display area 2 of the liquid crystal display panel 1 includes a pixel layer 3, a liquid crystal layer 4, a first polarizer 5, and an optical sensor 6, which are sequentially disposed; the first polarizer 5 comprises a first polarization unit 7 and a second polarization unit 8, the polarization directions of which are mutually vertical and are adjacently arranged; the liquid crystal layer 4 comprises a first liquid crystal cell 9 arranged corresponding to the first polarization unit 7 and a second liquid crystal cell 10 arranged corresponding to the second polarization unit 8, the polarization direction of the polarized light passing through the first liquid crystal cell 9 is kept unchanged, and the polarization direction of the polarized light passing through the second liquid crystal cell 10 is rotated by 90 degrees; the pixel layer 3 includes a transparent area 11 disposed corresponding to the first liquid crystal cell 9 and a pixel area 12 disposed corresponding to the second liquid crystal cell 10; the optical sensor 6 is disposed in correspondence with the first polarization unit 7.
Specifically, the display area 2 of the liquid crystal display panel 1 further includes a second polarizer 13 arranged opposite to the first polarizer 5, a color filter substrate 14 and an array substrate 15 arranged opposite to each other, and a transparent substrate 17 provided with a sensing driving circuit 16; the color filter substrate 14 is disposed on a side of the pixel layer 3 away from the liquid crystal layer 4, and the second polarizer 13 is disposed on a side of the color filter substrate 14 away from the pixel layer 3, and certainly, the second polarizer 13 may also be disposed on a side of the pixel layer 3 close to the liquid crystal layer 4, which is not limited herein; the array substrate 15 is located between the first polarizer 5 and the liquid crystal layer 4, the transparent substrate 17 is located on one side of the optical sensor 6 away from the liquid crystal layer 4, or a groove is formed in the transparent substrate 17 corresponding to the first polarization unit 7 and used for bearing the optical sensor 6, the sensing driving circuit 16 is located on one side of the transparent substrate 17 close to the optical sensor 6, and the optical sensor 6 is electrically connected with the sensing driving circuit 16; the sensor driving circuit 18 includes a PM (Passive Matrix) driving circuit 18 or an AM (Active Matrix) driving circuit 18, and the transparent substrate 17 includes a glass substrate or a polyimide substrate.
Specifically, the polarization directions of the second polarizer 13 and the first polarization unit 7 are both the first polarization direction, the polarization direction of the second polarization unit 8 is the second polarization direction, and the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are perpendicular to each other.
Specifically, the optical sensor 6 includes a fingerprint recognition sensor, a face recognition sensor, a distance recognition sensor, or a 3D imaging sensor.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the optical path process of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is as follows: a. the unpolarized light source emits light to the first polarizer 5 from the light incident side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 (the side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 close to the optical sensor 6), and forms incident polarized light in a second polarization direction (indicated by a line segment with a double arrow in fig. 2) after passing through the second polarization unit 8 (the polarization direction is the second polarization direction); b. the incident polarized light of the second polarization direction is converted into the incident polarized light of the first polarization direction (indicated by a dot in fig. 2) after passing through the second liquid crystal cell 10 (rotation by 90 °); c. the incident polarized light with the first polarization direction passes through the second polarizer 13 (the polarization direction is the first polarization direction) and then exits from the light exit side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 (the side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 away from the optical sensor 6); d. the emitted polarized light with the first polarization direction is reflected (the process of combining specular reflection and diffuse reflection) after passing through an object to be identified (such as a fingerprint) to form reflected light, and the reflected light comprises reflected polarized light with the first polarization direction and unpolarized reflected light; e. the reflected light forms reflected polarized light of a first polarization direction after passing through the second polarizer 13; f. a part of the reflected polarized light in the first polarization direction passes through the pixel region 12 and then is converted into reflected polarized light in the second polarization direction through the second liquid crystal unit 10; the other part of the reflected polarized light in the first polarization direction passes through the transparent region 11 and then passes through the first liquid crystal cell 9, and because the first liquid crystal cell 9 has no optical rotation, the reflected polarized light in the first polarization direction still passes through the first liquid crystal cell 9; h. the reflected polarized light (first polarization direction) passing through the first liquid crystal cell 9 corresponding to the transparent region 11 reaches the first polarization cell 7 corresponding to the optical sensor 6 (the polarization direction is the first polarization direction), and then is directly transmitted and collected by the optical sensor 6, while the reflected polarized light (second polarization direction) passing through the second liquid crystal cell 10 corresponding to the pixel region 12 reaches the first polarization cell 7, and then is directly blocked and cannot be collected by the optical sensor 6.
In this embodiment, the pixel region 12 of the display region 2 of the liquid crystal display panel 1, the corresponding second liquid crystal cell 10, and the second polarization unit 8 are used for normal display, and the transparent region 11 of the display region 2, the corresponding first liquid crystal cell 9, and the corresponding first polarization unit 7 are used for providing a collimated light path for the optical sensor 6, through which the optical sensor 6 can collect light signals for fingerprint identification or face identification, etc., wherein the polarization directions of the first polarization unit 7 and the second polarization unit 8 are opposite, and the optical sensor 6 is disposed corresponding to the first polarization unit 7, so that the optical sensor 6 only collects polarized light that can transmit through the first polarization unit 7, which is beneficial for the optical sensor 6 to identify optical signals in a specific polarization direction, and the transparent region 11 can improve the transmittance of reflected light in different wavelength ranges, which is beneficial for improving the intensity of light signals collected by the optical sensor 6, the first liquid crystal cell 9 has no optical rotation, the second liquid crystal cell 10 has optical rotation and can rotate the polarization direction of the polarized light by 90 degrees, the polarization direction of the polarized light which is emitted from the light-emitting side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 and reflected to the pixel layer 3 by the object to be identified is vertical to the polarization direction of the second polarization cell 8 (namely, the polarization direction of the first polarization cell 7), so that the polarization direction of the reflected polarized light which sequentially penetrates through the transparent area 11 and the first liquid crystal cell 9 is the same as the polarization direction of the first polarization cell 7, the reflected polarized light can be directly collected by the optical sensor 6 through the first polarization cell 7, and the polarization direction of the reflected polarized light which sequentially passes through the pixel area 12 and the second liquid crystal cell 10 is vertical to the polarization direction of the first polarization cell 7, cannot penetrate through the first polarization cell 7 and cannot be collected by the optical sensor 6, thereby avoiding the cross talk of other optical signals on the collimation light path of the optical sensor 6, the optical signal acquisition precision is improved, the identification precision of the optical sensor 6 is favorably improved, in addition, a collimator or an optical lens is not required to be arranged between the optical sensor 6 and the first polaroid 5, the light source irradiation area of the light incident side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is prevented from being influenced, and therefore the normal display of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is prevented from being influenced, the liquid crystal display panel 1 provided by the application realizes the sensing technology under the LCD screen, and the comprehensive screen technology of the LCD is favorably realized.
In an optional embodiment, the liquid crystal display panel 1 further includes driving circuits 18 disposed at two sides of the second liquid crystal cell 10 to adjust a liquid crystal deflection angle of the second liquid crystal cell 10, so that a polarization direction of polarized light passing through the second liquid crystal cell 10 is rotated by 90 °; and the liquid crystals of the first liquid crystal cell 9 are aligned such that the polarization direction of the polarized light passing through the first liquid crystal cell 9 remains unchanged.
Specifically, the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal layer 4 is a conventional liquid crystal, and the main function of the liquid crystal layer 4 is a half-wave plate effect; the driving circuits 18 are disposed on two sides of the second liquid crystal cell 10, and the liquid crystal of the second liquid crystal cell 10 is deflected after the driving circuits 18 apply bias voltage, so that the polarization direction of the polarized light passing through the second liquid crystal cell 10 can be rotated by 90 degrees; the driving circuits 18 are not disposed on two sides of the first liquid crystal cell 9, so that the liquid crystal of the first liquid crystal cell 9 always maintains the initial alignment arrangement, and the polarization direction of the polarized light passing through the first liquid crystal cell 9 remains unchanged, and of course, the alignment deflection direction of the liquid crystal of the first liquid crystal cell 9 may also be maintained by a constant value voltage applied on two sides of the first liquid crystal cell 9, which is not limited herein.
Specifically, the driving circuit 18 includes a first common electrode 19 disposed between the second liquid crystal cell 10 and the pixel region 12 and a second common electrode 20 disposed between the second liquid crystal cell 10 and the array substrate 15, and biases the liquid crystal of the second liquid crystal cell 10 by applying a bias voltage between the first common electrode 19 and the second common electrode 20, wherein the magnitude of the bias voltage applied by the driving circuit 18 determines the magnitude of the deflection angle of the liquid crystal, and the deflection angle of the liquid crystal can be adjusted by changing the magnitude of the bias voltage, thereby controlling the amount of light transmission of the liquid crystal display panel 1 and realizing the control of the brightness.
In this embodiment, since the first liquid crystal cell 9 is used to keep the polarization direction of the reflected polarized light unchanged, the liquid crystal of the first liquid crystal cell 9 needs to be kept in a state completely free of optical rotation, i.e., in an oriented arrangement, and therefore, the driving circuits 18 do not need to be disposed on both sides of the first liquid crystal cell 9; the second liquid crystal cell 10 is used for ensuring the normal display of the liquid crystal display panel 1, and in the normal display process of the liquid crystal display panel 1, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal of the corresponding second liquid crystal cell 10 is adjusted through the bias voltage applied by the driving circuit 18, so that the display brightness is controlled, and the picture of the liquid crystal display panel 1 has bright or dark; in addition, when the optical sensor 6 performs optical signal acquisition (e.g., fingerprint recognition), the liquid crystal display panel 1 is in a lighting state, and the driving voltage applies a bias voltage to deflect the liquid crystal of the corresponding second liquid crystal cell 10 to a certain angle, so that the polarization direction of the transmitted polarized light can be rotated by 90 °, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of the optical signal acquired by the optical sensor 6 and avoiding crosstalk of other stray light.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 3, the projection of the first polarization unit 7 in the direction perpendicular to the liquid crystal display panel 1 completely covers the projection of the optical sensor 6 in the direction perpendicular to the liquid crystal display panel 1. Specifically, if the thickness of the array substrate 15 is a, and the maximum included angle between the light path allowed to be received by the optical sensor 6 and the direction perpendicular to the array substrate 15 is θ (collimated light path angle), the width s of the optical sensor 6 is not greater than a × tan θ; taking a fingerprint with a pitch of 300 μm (micrometers) and a thickness of 125 μm of the array substrate 15 as an example, if the collimated light path angle θ is 6 to 10 °, the width s of the optical sensor 6 is not more than 125 × tan θ. This embodiment may increase the perceived signal-to-noise ratio of the optical sensor 6.
In this embodiment, the first polarization unit 7 is optionally attached to the corresponding optical sensor 6. Of course, there may be a small distance, for example, 3 micrometers, between the first polarization unit 7 and the corresponding optical sensor 6 within a certain range, so as to ensure that the first polarization unit 7 has a good light direction control function on the optical sensor 6 in the vertical direction.
In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the transparent region 11 includes a plurality of transparent sub-regions 21 distributed in an array, and the pixel region 12 includes a plurality of pixel sub-regions 22 corresponding to the plurality of transparent sub-regions 21 one to one; the first liquid crystal cell 9 includes a plurality of first sub liquid crystal cells 23, and the second liquid crystal cell 10 includes a plurality of second sub liquid crystal cells 24; the plurality of transparent subregions 21 and the plurality of first sub liquid crystal units 23 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the plurality of pixel subregions 22 and the plurality of second sub liquid crystal units 24 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the first polarization unit 7 includes a plurality of first sub-polarization units 25, and the second polarization unit 8 includes a plurality of second sub-polarization units 26; the plurality of first sub liquid crystal cells 23 and the plurality of first sub polarization cells 25 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and the plurality of second sub liquid crystal cells 24 and the plurality of second sub polarization cells 26 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence; the optical sensor 6 comprises a plurality of sub-sensors 27 distributed in an array; the plurality of first sub-polarization units 25 are disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of sub-sensors 27.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, each pixel sub-region 22 is provided with a red sub-pixel (R), a green sub-pixel (G), and a blue sub-pixel (B); each transparent sub-region 21 is provided with a transparent sub-pixel (S); the red sub-pixel, the green sub-pixel and the blue sub-pixel in each pixel sub-area 22 are arranged side by side with the corresponding transparent sub-pixel in the transparent sub-area 21; alternatively, the red, green and blue sub-pixels in each pixel sub-region 22 are arranged side by side, and the transparent sub-pixel in each transparent sub-region 21 is located on the same side of the red, green and blue sub-pixels in the corresponding pixel sub-region 22.
Specifically, black matrixes 28 are further disposed between the red, green, and blue sub-pixels in each pixel sub-region 22, and between each pixel sub-region 22 and the corresponding transparent sub-region 21, for blocking light.
Specifically, the plurality of transparent sub-regions 21 may be distributed in an array in the display area 2 of the entire liquid crystal display panel 1, or may be distributed in a part of the display area 2, for example, the display area 2 includes an identification area and a non-identification area, the optical sensor 6 is disposed corresponding to the identification area (i.e., the plurality of sub-sensors 27 are distributed in the identification area in an array), and the transparent sub-regions 21 and the pixel sub-regions 22 located between two adjacent transparent sub-regions 21 are also located in the identification area, while the non-identification area includes a plurality of pixel sub-regions 22 disposed adjacently; in the above two modes, the number of the pixel sub-regions 22 located between two adjacent transparent sub-regions 21 is set according to needs, and is not limited herein.
Specifically, some of the transparent sub-pixels in the plurality of transparent sub-regions 21 are disposed adjacently, or the plurality of transparent sub-regions 21 may be disposed at intervals, which is not limited herein.
In this embodiment, the optical sensor 6 includes a plurality of sub-sensors 27 distributed in the display area 2, and fingerprint identification or facial identification is performed through the plurality of sub-sensors 27, so that the area of each sub-sensor 27 is small, and the plurality of sub-sensors 27 correspond to the plurality of transparent sub-areas 21 one to one, and the plurality of transparent sub-areas 21 are dispersed among the plurality of pixel sub-areas 22 for normal display, and the influence on normal display is small (negligible), thereby avoiding the optical signal acquisition by the optical sensor 6 which is intensively arranged, realizing the sensing technology under the LCD screen, and being beneficial to realizing the LCD screen-comprehensive technology.
Optionally, in this embodiment, a light shielding layer 29 is disposed on a side of the optical sensor 6 away from the liquid crystal layer 4. In this embodiment, when the liquid crystal display panel 1 normally displays, the light source on the light incident side forms polarized light in the second polarization direction through the second polarizer 13, the polarized light in the second polarization direction is converted into polarized light in the first polarization direction through the second liquid crystal unit 10, and light can be sequentially emitted from the pixel region 12 and the second polarizer 13, so as to display pictures in various colors, and the side of the optical sensor 6 away from the liquid crystal layer 4 is provided with the light shielding layer 29, so that the light source on the light incident side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 can be prevented from forming polarized light in the first polarization direction through the first polarization unit 7, optical crosstalk is avoided when the liquid crystal display panel 1 normally displays, and the normal display effect of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is ensured.
As shown in fig. 6, the embodiment of the present application further provides a liquid crystal display device 30, which includes a backlight module 31 and the liquid crystal display panel 1; the backlight module 31 is located on the side of the optical sensor 6 away from the liquid crystal layer 4. Specifically, the backlight module 31 is a conventional backlight module 31, including a side-type or a direct-type backlight module, and is not limited herein.
In the present embodiment, the liquid crystal display device 30 may be used for fingerprint recognition, face recognition, distance recognition, or 3D imaging; wherein, the pixel region 12, the corresponding second liquid crystal cell 10 and the corresponding second polarization unit 8 in the display region 2 of the liquid crystal display panel 1 are used for normal display, the transparent region 11, the corresponding first liquid crystal cell 9 and the corresponding first polarization unit 7 in the display region 2 are used for providing a collimation light path for the optical sensor 6, the optical sensor 6 can collect light signals through the collimation light path to perform fingerprint identification or face identification, and the like, and the collimation light path of the optical sensor 6 provided by the present application can avoid crosstalk of other optical signals, improve the optical signal collection precision, and is beneficial to improving the identification precision of the optical sensor 6, in addition, no collimator or optical lens is required to be arranged between the optical sensor 6 and the first polarizer 5, thereby avoiding influencing the light source irradiation area provided by the backlight module 31, and further avoiding influencing the normal display of the liquid crystal display device 30, the liquid crystal display device 30 provided by the application realizes the sensing technology under the LCD screen, and is beneficial to realizing the comprehensive screen technology of the LCD.
In summary, although the present application has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, the above-described preferred embodiments are not intended to limit the present application, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, so that the scope of the present application shall be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The liquid crystal display panel is characterized in that a display area of the liquid crystal display panel comprises a pixel layer, a liquid crystal layer, a first polarizer and an optical sensor which are sequentially arranged;
the first polarizer comprises a first polarizing unit and a second polarizing unit, the polarization directions of the first polarizing unit and the second polarizing unit are mutually vertical and are adjacently arranged; the liquid crystal layer comprises a first liquid crystal unit arranged corresponding to the first polarization unit and a second liquid crystal unit arranged corresponding to the second polarization unit, the polarization direction of the polarized light passing through the first liquid crystal unit is kept unchanged, and the polarization direction of the polarized light passing through the second liquid crystal unit is rotated by 90 degrees;
the pixel layer comprises a transparent area arranged corresponding to the first liquid crystal unit and a pixel area arranged corresponding to the second liquid crystal unit;
the optical sensor is arranged corresponding to the first polarization unit; and
the display area of the liquid crystal display panel also comprises a second polaroid which is arranged opposite to the first polaroid, and the second polaroid is arranged on one side of the pixel layer, which is far away from the liquid crystal layer; the polarization directions of the second polarizer and the first polarization unit are both the first polarization direction; the polarization direction of the second polarization unit is a second polarization direction, and the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are perpendicular to each other.
2. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, further comprising a driving circuit provided at both sides of the second liquid crystal cell to adjust a liquid crystal deflection angle of the second liquid crystal cell to rotate a polarization direction of polarized light passing through the second liquid crystal cell by 90 °; the liquid crystals of the first liquid crystal cell are aligned such that the polarization direction of polarized light passing through the first liquid crystal cell remains unchanged.
3. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein a projection of the first polarization unit in a direction perpendicular to the liquid crystal display panel completely covers a projection of the optical sensor in a direction perpendicular to the liquid crystal display panel.
4. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein the first polarization unit is attached to the corresponding optical sensor.
5. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein the transparent region includes a plurality of transparent sub-regions arranged in an array, and the pixel region includes a plurality of pixel sub-regions in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of transparent sub-regions;
the first liquid crystal unit comprises a plurality of first sub liquid crystal units, and the second liquid crystal unit comprises a plurality of second sub liquid crystal units; the plurality of transparent subregions are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first sub liquid crystal units, and the plurality of pixel subregions are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second sub liquid crystal units;
the first polarization unit comprises a plurality of first sub-polarization units, and the second polarization unit comprises a plurality of second sub-polarization units; the plurality of first sub liquid crystal units and the plurality of first sub polarizing units are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the plurality of second sub liquid crystal units and the plurality of second sub polarizing units are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the optical sensor comprises a plurality of sub-sensors distributed in an array; the plurality of first sub-polarization units and the plurality of sub-sensors are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
6. The liquid crystal display panel of claim 5, wherein each pixel sub-region is provided with a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel and a blue sub-pixel; each transparent sub-area is provided with a transparent sub-pixel; the red sub-pixel, the green sub-pixel and the blue sub-pixel in each pixel sub-area are arranged side by side with the transparent sub-pixels in the corresponding transparent sub-areas; or the red sub-pixel, the green sub-pixel and the blue sub-pixel in each pixel sub-area are arranged side by side, and the transparent sub-pixel in each transparent sub-area is positioned on the same side of the red sub-pixel, the green sub-pixel and the blue sub-pixel in the corresponding pixel sub-area.
7. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein a side of the optical sensor remote from the liquid crystal layer is provided with a light shielding layer.
8. The liquid crystal display panel of claim 1, wherein the optical sensor comprises a fingerprint recognition sensor, a facial recognition sensor, a distance recognition sensor, or a 3D imaging sensor.
9. A liquid crystal display device comprising a backlight module and the liquid crystal display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 8; the backlight module is positioned on one side of the optical sensor, which is far away from the liquid crystal layer.
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| CN111443514A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-07-24 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display panel, fingerprint identification method and display device |
| CN111552109A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-08-18 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display module, driving method thereof and display device |
| WO2022116756A1 (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2022-06-09 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Display element, display panel, display screen and terminal |
| CN112382211A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-02-19 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Display element and terminal having the same |
| CN113111775B (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2022-11-01 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | Display panel and preparation method thereof |
| DE112021004654T5 (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2023-06-29 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Display substrate and display device |
| CN115698902A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2023-02-03 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Wearable display device and method for determining position of gaze point |
| CN113325953B (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2024-02-02 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display device and fixation point positioning method |
| CN113363270B (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2023-05-09 | 深圳市华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 | Pixel arrangement structure and display panel |
| CN113759636B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2024-01-23 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Filtering component, camera module and electronic equipment |
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