CN110850238A - Power cable leakage detection method and system - Google Patents
Power cable leakage detection method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110850238A CN110850238A CN201911308781.XA CN201911308781A CN110850238A CN 110850238 A CN110850238 A CN 110850238A CN 201911308781 A CN201911308781 A CN 201911308781A CN 110850238 A CN110850238 A CN 110850238A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/083—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in cables, e.g. underground
Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for detecting electric leakage of a power cable, wherein shielding layers at two ends of the cable and metal armors of the shielding layers are separated from a grounding grid of a station where the two ends of the cable are located; at least one independent grounding pile is buried in a soil layer without an underground metal pipe network outdoors; connecting the cable shielding layer and the metal armor thereof to the independent grounding pile, and grounding the cable shielding layer according to a one-point grounding principle; a connecting line of the cable shielding layer and the independent grounding pile is used as a primary side of the current transformer to pass through the magnetic core, and a secondary side of the current transformer is connected with a measuring device to measure capacitive current; and judging the fault degree of the cable according to the current change measured by the measuring device, thereby realizing the insulation damage detection of the cable. The present disclosure can reduce or avoid the occurrence of serious accidents such as fire.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure belongs to the technical field of cable leakage detection, and relates to a power cable leakage detection method and system.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
At present, the proportion of power supply of an urban power distribution network by adopting a power cable is higher and higher, the voltage class is adopted from 10kV, 35kV, 110kV, 220kV and even 500kV, and the proportion is continuously improved. The accidents of cable leakage caused by the insulation damage of the cable are increased year by year, and the case of serious accidents such as fire disasters and the like caused by the insulation damage of the cable is frequent. According to statistics, in recent years, the cable accidents account for 50% of the grid safety accidents. Therefore, it is not easy to improve the level of cable safety monitoring. At present, the cable insulation safety detection mainly depends on detection in power failure, and the detection parameter of the cable insulation safety detection mainly is a dielectric loss angle. The power failure detection not only reduces the available electricity index, but also influences the electricity utilization of users and the economic benefit of power supply companies, and is an inexhaustible detection method. On-line monitoring can find potential safety hazards at any time, and eliminates dangerous factors in a bud state in time, so that the key and key of power cable safety detection is on-line detection.
The reason for the difficulty in online detection of current power cable leakage is that no effective method is found. The key factors are the dead zone in the aspect of grounding theory and the error zone in the aspect of grounding technology. The concrete expression is that the understanding of grounding is unclear, and the grounding grid and the grounding are equivalent, the grounding grid is a specific device (for a single device) or system (transformer substation, power plant, factory), the grounding is a broad expression and means to be connected to the ground, and any conductor buried in the ground can be regarded as the grounding and has the function of grounding. In the industry, grounding means grounding to a grounding network, in terms of a transformer substation, a neutral point grounding down lead of a transformer, all exposed metal conductors, an underground metal pipe network, a shielding layer metal armor of a cable and the like are connected to an in-station grounding network in a unified way, and once the cable is damaged in insulation, leakage current directly flows back to a neutral point through a cable shielding layer and the in-station grounding network to form a short circuit.
Disclosure of Invention
The cable shielding layer and the metal armor thereof are separated from the grounding grid of the station where the feed outlet is located, the grounding grid is independently grounded, the detection of the leakage current of the cable can be realized by a method of measuring the ground current of the shielding layer, and then whether the insulation of the cable is damaged or not and the damage degree are judged, the detection process is simple, and the cable cannot be damaged.
According to some embodiments, the following technical scheme is adopted in the disclosure:
a power cable leakage detection method comprises the following steps:
separating the shielding layers at the two ends of the cable and the metal armors thereof from the grounding nets of the stations at the two ends of the cable;
burying at least one independent grounding pile in a soil layer which is far away from a grounding network of a station and has no underground metal pipe network;
connecting the cable shielding layer and the metal armor thereof to the independent grounding pile, and grounding the cable shielding layer according to a one-point grounding principle;
a connecting line of the cable shielding layer and the independent grounding pile is used as a primary side of the current transformer to pass through the magnetic core, and a secondary side of the current transformer is connected with a measuring device to measure capacitive current;
and judging the fault degree of the cable according to the current change measured by the measuring device, thereby realizing the insulation damage detection of the cable.
As a further limitation, the process of separating the shielding layers at the two ends of the cable and the metal armor thereof from the grounding grid of the station at the two ends of the cable is as follows:
and (4) checking the connection condition of the shielding layers at the two ends of the cable and the metal armors thereof with the local ground net, if the shielding layers and the metal armors thereof are connected with the local ground net, uniformly removing the shielding layers and the metal armors, and carrying out insulation wrapping treatment on the exposed metal part.
As a further limitation, two independent grounding piles are buried in a soil layer without an underground metal pipe network outdoors, and the two grounding piles are connected into a whole.
Set up two ground connection stake and can guarantee that another ground connection stake still has the ground connection effect when a ground connection stake is maintained and is changed.
As a further limitation, the cable shielding layer and its metal armor are connected to a separate grounding pile, and the cable shielding layer is grounded according to a point grounding principle, the process includes:
the cable shielding layer and the metal armor thereof are required to be connected to the independent grounding piles respectively;
the cable shielding layer at one end and only one end is connected with the independent grounding pile, and the shielding layers at other positions cannot have grounding points.
As a further limitation, the measuring device judges the fault degree of the cable according to the change of the current of the measuring loop, and the specific process of detecting the insulation damage of the cable further comprises the following steps: the criterion for judging the insulation damage of the cable is that the current is suddenly and greatly increased; and carrying out qualitative analysis on the damage degree according to the magnitude of the increased current and whether the intermittent characteristics exist.
A power cable leakage detection system, comprising an independent ground stake, a current transformer, a measurement device and a processor, wherein:
the independent grounding pile is arranged at a place which is far away from a station grounding grid and has no underground metal pipe network, is connected with a shielding layer of a power cable to be tested and a metal armor thereof, and is grounded according to a one-point grounding principle;
a connecting line of a shielding layer of the power cable to be measured and the independent grounding pile is used as a primary side of the current transformer to pass through the magnetic core, a secondary side of the transformer is connected with a measuring device, and the measuring device is used for measuring capacitive current;
the processor acquires a current detection value of the measuring device, is configured to judge that the cable is damaged when the current is suddenly and greatly increased, and carries out qualitative analysis on the damage degree according to the magnitude of the increased current and whether intermittent characteristics exist.
As a further limitation, the connecting line between the cable shielding layer and the independent grounding pile is 6mm2The above special grounding wire or the galvanized flat steel conductor.
By way of further limitation, the connecting line of the metal armor and the independent grounding pile is galvanized flat steel.
As a further limitation, the cable shield must be grounded at one end to ensure that all shield current flows through one current transformer.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this disclosure is:
the grounding body is a parallel link of a grounding resistance and a grounding capacitance, the grounding resistance is two orders of magnitude larger than the grounding resistance in the general sense, the value is between 100 omega and thousands of ohms, the grounding body is connected to the ground with zero potential through the link, and the grounding resistance is a pull-down resistance from the perspective of electrical engineering. Therefore, its potential is still zero and is grounded. Based on the theory, the cable shielding layer and the metal armor are not connected with the grounding grid of the transformer substation on the outgoing line side of the transformer substation, but are connected to an independent grounding pile at a certain place far away from the grounding grid, so that two ground resistors (one is the ground resistor of the grounding grid of the transformer substation and the other is the ground resistor of the remote independent grounding pile) are arranged on a leakage current loop, when the cable leaks electricity, the leakage current of the cable is greatly reduced due to the action of the two current-limiting resistors, in the worst case, the current of the cable cannot exceed tens of amperes, and the general leakage current is limited to one digit. The cable abnormality can be found by detecting the leakage current.
According to the method for connecting the cable shielding layer and the metal armor thereof to the outdoor independent grounding pile, the ground current during cable insulation breakdown is greatly reduced, and serious accidents such as fire disasters can be reduced or avoided;
the method for detecting the ground current of the cable shielding layer is simple and reliable.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure and are not to limit the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present embodiment.
Wherein, 1: a distribution network transformer; 2: a cable shielding layer; 3: cable armor.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present disclosure is further described with reference to the following drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
In order to detect the size of the leakage current and the leakage current of a specific feed cable, the invention separates a cable shielding layer and a metal armor thereof from a grounding net of a station where a feed outlet is positioned, and singly grounds the cable shielding layer and the metal armor, and the detection of the leakage current of the cable can be realized by a method of measuring the ground current of the shielding layer, so as to judge whether the cable insulation is damaged or not and the damage degree.
As shown in fig. 1, according to the existing standards and specifications, the iron core of the distribution network transformer and the low-voltage side neutral point are both required to be grounded locally, such as the G0 connection point shown in fig. 1. The grounding grid has a soft ground effect, so that a grounding resistance R0 of the substation grounding grid and a grounding capacitance C0 of the substation grounding grid exist, and the grounding grid is connected to a grounding ground G. The connection point of the outdoor independent grounding pile is G1, the ground resistance of the independent grounding pile is R1, and the ground capacitance of the independent grounding pile is C1. The precise current transformer is connected between the cable shielding layer 2 and the G1, because of the function of the capacitance C between the cable phase and the shielding layer, when the power cable has feed and is well insulated, a cable capacitance ground current Ic always exists, the measuring device can measure the magnitude of the current, when there is insulation breakdown, leakage current must flow to the ground (zero potential) G through a G1 point, at the moment, the current is not the capacitance current but a short-circuit current Id, because of the function of the ground resistance R1, the magnitude of the Id is limited, therefore, the harm is greatly reduced, and the cable overheating or explosion will not occur.
It should be noted that, because there are a plurality of metal support frames along the way when the cable is laid, and metal support frame connects ground, therefore, the metal armour is multipoint earthing, and is safe, and the multipoint earthing of armour does not influence the validity of this detection method. The shielding of the cable must be grounded at one end to ensure that all shield current flows through one current transformer. If the cable has multi-section connection, the continuity of the shielding layer must be ensured to be complete, and no multi-point grounding condition occurs.
Example one
Five steps and a specific process for achieving the above objects are provided.
Step 1: and separating the shielding layers at the two ends of the cable and the metal armors thereof from the grounding nets of the stations at the two ends of the cable.
Step 2: two grounding piles are buried in a soil layer without an underground metal pipe network selected from the outdoor/other far ends, and the two grounding piles are connected into a whole.
And step 3: and connecting the cable shielding layer and the metal armor thereof to an outdoor independent grounding pile, and grounding the cable shielding layer according to a one-point grounding principle.
And 4, step 4: the connection line of the cable shielding layer and the outdoor independent grounding pile is used as the primary side of the precise current transformer to pass through the magnetic core, the secondary side of the transformer is connected with a measuring device, and the measuring device can measure the capacitive current Ic.
And 5: the measuring device judges the fault degree of the cable according to the change of the measured current, and further realizes the insulation damage detection of the cable.
The process of separating the shielding layers at the two ends of the cable and the metal armors thereof from the grounding nets of the stations at the two ends of the cable in the step 1) is as follows:
and (4) checking the connection condition of the shielding layers at the two ends of the cable and the metal armors thereof with the local ground net, if so, uniformly removing the shielding layers and the metal armors, and carrying out insulation wrapping treatment on the exposed metal part.
Step 2) two grounding piles are buried in a soil layer without an underground metal pipe network outdoors, and the process of connecting the two grounding piles into a whole is as follows:
firstly, a proper place is selected outdoors, and an underground metal pipe network connected with a power station grounding network is not arranged below and around a soil layer.
Secondly, bury two ground piles in the soil layer underground, two ground piles link together, set up two ground piles and still have the ground connection effect for another when one is maintained and is changed.
And 3) connecting the cable shielding layer and the metal armor thereof to an outdoor independent grounding pile, and grounding the cable shielding layer according to a one-point grounding principle, wherein the process is as follows:
first, the cable shield and its metal armor must be separately attached to a separate grounding stake outside the room.
Secondly, the connecting line between the cable shielding layer at one end and the independent grounding pile outside the room is 6mm2In the above conductors such as the special grounding wire or the galvanized flat steel, the shielding layer at other positions cannot have grounding points, and the connecting wire of the metal armor and the outdoor independent grounding pile can be the galvanized flat steel.
In the step 4), a connecting line between the cable shielding layer and the outdoor independent grounding pile is used as a primary side of the precision current transformer to pass through the magnetic core, a secondary side of the transformer is connected with a measuring device, the measuring device can measure the capacitive current Ic, and the process is as follows:
firstly, 6mm of cable shielding layer and independent grounding pile2The above-mentioned conductor, such as wire or galvanized flat steel, etc. can be used as magnetic core of precision current transformer.
Secondly, the secondary side of the current transformer is connected with a measuring device, and the measuring device can measure the ground current Ic in the loop.
And 5) judging the fault degree of the cable by the measuring device according to the change of the current of the measuring loop, thereby realizing the insulation damage detection of the cable.
When the insulation is normal, the magnitude of the capacitive current Ic is substantially constant. The normal Ic size is:
wherein, U-phase voltage, R-earth resistance of the independent grounding pile, and C-phase-shielding layer distributed capacitance of the cable.
When the insulation is damaged, the capacitor breaks down, the current of the measuring loop is mainly short-circuit current, and the short-circuit current Id is as follows:
therefore, Id will be much higher than the normal capacitive current Ic, and therefore the criterion for determining the insulation damage of the cable is:
Id>Ic
further characterization of the damage level can be made based on the size of Id and whether there is a discontinuity.
Example two:
a power cable leakage detection system, comprising an independent ground stake, a current transformer, a measurement device and a processor, wherein:
the independent grounding pile is arranged at a place which is far away from a station grounding grid and has no underground metal pipe network, is connected with a shielding layer of a power cable to be tested and a metal armor thereof, and is grounded according to a one-point grounding principle;
a connecting line of a shielding layer of the power cable to be measured and the independent grounding pile is used as a primary side of the current transformer to pass through the magnetic core, a secondary side of the transformer is connected with a measuring device, and the measuring device is used for measuring capacitive current;
the processor acquires a current detection value of the measuring device, is configured to judge that the cable is damaged when the current is suddenly and greatly increased, and carries out qualitative analysis on the damage degree according to the magnitude of the increased current and whether intermittent characteristics exist.
The connecting line between the cable shielding layer and the independent grounding pile is 6mm2The above special grounding wire or the galvanized flat steel conductor.
The connecting line of the metal armor and the independent grounding pile is galvanized flat steel.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present disclosure may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present disclosure may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and so forth) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present disclosure is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the disclosure. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present disclosure by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.
Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (9)
1. A power cable leakage detection method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
separating the shielding layers at the two ends of the cable and the metal armors thereof from the grounding nets of the stations at the two ends of the cable;
burying at least one independent grounding pile in a soil layer at a place which is far away from a station grounding grid and has no underground metal pipe network;
connecting the cable shielding layer and the metal armor thereof to the independent grounding pile, and grounding the cable shielding layer according to a one-point grounding principle;
a connecting line of the cable shielding layer and the independent grounding pile is used as a primary side of the current transformer to pass through the magnetic core, and a secondary side of the current transformer is connected with a measuring device to measure capacitive current;
and judging the fault degree of the cable according to the current change measured by the measuring device, thereby realizing the insulation damage detection of the cable.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step of detecting leakage of said power cable comprises: the process of separating the shielding layers at the two ends of the cable and the metal armors thereof from the grounding nets of the stations at the two ends of the cable is as follows:
and (4) checking the connection condition of the shielding layers at the two ends of the cable and the metal armors thereof with the local ground net, if the shielding layers and the metal armors thereof are connected with the local ground net, uniformly removing the shielding layers and the metal armors, and carrying out insulation wrapping treatment on the exposed metal part.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step of detecting leakage of said power cable comprises: two independent grounding piles are buried in a soil layer without an underground metal pipe network outdoors, and the two grounding piles are connected into a whole.
4. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step of detecting leakage of said power cable comprises: connect cable shield and its metal armour to independent ground connection stake on, and cable shield is according to one point earthing principle ground connection, and the process includes:
the cable shielding layer and the metal armor thereof are required to be respectively connected to the independent grounding piles at the far ends;
the cable shielding layer at one end and only one end is connected with the independent grounding pile, and the shielding layers at other positions cannot have grounding points.
5. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step of detecting leakage of said power cable comprises: the measuring device judges the cable fault degree according to the change of the measuring loop current, and then the concrete process of realizing the cable insulation damage detection includes: the criterion for judging the insulation damage of the cable is that the current is suddenly and greatly increased; and carrying out qualitative analysis on the damage degree according to the magnitude of the increased current and whether the intermittent characteristics exist.
6. A power cable electric leakage detection system is characterized in that: including independent ground connection stake, current transformer, measuring device and treater, wherein:
the independent grounding pile is arranged at the far end and is connected with a shielding layer of the power cable to be tested and a metal armor of the power cable to be tested, and the cable shielding layer is grounded according to a one-point grounding principle;
a connecting line of a shielding layer of the power cable to be measured and the independent grounding pile is used as a primary side of the current transformer to pass through the magnetic core, a secondary side of the transformer is connected with a measuring device, and the measuring device is used for measuring capacitive current;
the processor acquires a current detection value of the measuring device, is configured to judge that the cable is damaged when the current is suddenly and greatly increased, and carries out qualitative analysis on the damage degree according to the magnitude of the increased current and whether intermittent characteristics exist.
7. A power cable leakage detection system according to claim 6, wherein: the connecting line between the cable shielding layer and the independent grounding pile is 6mm2The special grounding wire or the galvanized flat steel conductor.
8. A power cable leakage detection system according to claim 6, wherein: and the connecting line of the metal armor and the independent grounding pile is galvanized flat steel.
9. A power cable leakage detection system according to claim 6, wherein: the cable shield must be grounded at one end to ensure that all shield current flows through one current transformer.
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Application publication date: 20200228 |