CN110850171B - Evaluation method for DC resistance qualification degree of voltage regulating transformer - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for evaluating the qualification degree of direct-current resistance of a voltage regulating transformer, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a three-phase direct current resistance vector of the voltage regulating transformer; judging whether the three-phase direct current resistances of all gears meet the relevant standard; acquiring a voltage vector of a voltage regulating transformer; normalizing the voltage vector and the direct current resistance vector, and calculating the variance of the voltage vector and the direct current resistance vector; calculating the covariance and correlation coefficient of the normalized voltage vector and the DC resistance vector of each phase; and calculating the qualification degree of the direct-current resistance of the voltage regulating transformer and carrying out grading quantization. The evaluation method disclosed by the invention can simultaneously consider the unbalanced ratio of the direct current resistances of different phases of the transformer at the same gear and the change rule of the direct current resistances of the regulating transformer at different gears of the same phase winding, is a feasible and easy-to-operate evaluation method, and can evaluate the direct current resistance condition of the regulating transformer more accurately, comprehensively and effectively.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an evaluation method for the qualification degree of direct-current resistance of a voltage regulating transformer.
Background
The transformer is one of the most important power equipment in power plants, substations and power utilization departments, and plays a role in power transmission and transformation as the heart equipment of a power system. The direct-current resistance test of the transformer can effectively check the welding quality of the wire inside the winding, the welding quality of the lead wire and the winding, whether the specification of the wire used by the winding meets the requirements, whether the contact of a tap switch, the lead wire, a sleeve and other current-carrying components is good, and the like. The national standard GB 50150-2016 Electrical device installation engineering Electrical equipment connection test Standard has the following provisions on the direct current resistance of each winding of the transformer: above 1600kVA, the difference between the resistance phases of the windings of each phase should not be more than 2% of the average value of the three phases, and the difference between the lines of the windings without neutral points should not be more than 1% of the average value of the three phases; and the difference between the resistance phases of the windings of all phases is not more than 4% of the average value of the three phases at 1600kVA or below, and the difference between the lines of the windings without neutral points is not more than 2% of the average value of the three phases.
However, the national standard only stipulates the balance ratio of the direct current resistances of different phases of the transformer at the same gear, neglects the standard that the direct current resistances of the regulating transformer at the same phase and different gears should meet, and thus the direct current resistance condition of the regulating transformer cannot be accurately, comprehensively and effectively evaluated. Therefore, it is necessary to further improve the evaluation criteria of the dc resistance of the transformer.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an evaluation method of the DC resistance qualification degree of the voltage regulating transformer, which can simultaneously consider the unbalance rate of the DC resistance of different phases of the voltage regulating transformer at the same gear and the change rule of the DC resistance of the voltage regulating transformer at the same phase and different gears, thereby accurately, comprehensively and effectively evaluating the DC resistance condition of the voltage regulating transformer.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for evaluating the qualification degree of direct-current resistance of a voltage regulating transformer comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring a three-phase direct-current resistance vector of the voltage regulating transformer;
s2, judging whether the three-phase direct-current resistances of all gears meet relevant standards, if the direct-current resistance of a certain gear does not meet the standards, the qualification degree of the direct-current resistance of the voltage regulating transformer is 0, and finishing the evaluation process; if all the gear direct-current resistances meet the standard, the next step is carried out;
s3, acquiring a voltage vector of the voltage regulating transformer;
s4, normalizing the voltage vector and calculating the variance of the voltage vector;
s5, carrying out normalization processing on the direct current resistance vector, and calculating the variance of the direct current resistance vector;
s6, calculating the covariance of the normalized voltage vector and the DC resistance vector of each phase;
s7, calculating correlation coefficients of the normalized voltage vectors and the direct current resistance vectors of each phase;
and S8, calculating the qualification degree of the direct current resistance of the voltage regulating transformer and carrying out grading quantization.
In the above scheme, the step S1 obtains a three-phase dc resistance vector R of the voltage regulating transformerA、RB、RCThe specific method comprises the following steps:
obtaining direct-current resistance vectors R of three-phase windings of the voltage regulating transformer under different gears through high-voltage testsJ(j ═ a, B, C), where RJ＝{RJ1,RJ2,····RJi…RJn}(J＝A,B,C)；
In the formula, RJi(J-a, B, C i-1, 2, … n) represents the dc resistance of the J-phase when the tap is in the i-position.
In the foregoing solution, the specific method in step S2 is as follows:
judgment of RAi,RBi,RCi(i-1, 2, … n) satisfying both national and enterprise standards.
In the above scheme, the step S3 obtains the voltage vector U of the voltage regulating transformer, and the specific method is as follows:
obtaining a regulating transformer voltage vector U according to a regulating transformer nameplate, wherein U ═ { U ═ U1,U2····Ui····Un}；
In the formula of UiThe rated voltage of the transformer is shown when the tap joint of the voltage regulating transformer is in the i gear;
in the invention, the maximum value of the output voltage of the transformer is Umax＝U11.1, minimum value of Umin＝Un＝0.9。
In the above solution, the step S4 normalizes the voltage vector U to obtain U ', and calculates the variance D (U') thereof, specifically, the method includes:
on the assumption that the tap switch is in good contact and the parameters of each winding are uniformly distributed, the direct-current resistance of each phase winding is gradually increased along with the rise of the output voltage of the transformer according to the voltage regulation principles of the no-load voltage-regulating transformer and the on-load voltage-regulating transformer without the polarity switch; at this time, the voltage vector normalization formula is:
on the assumption that the tap switch is in good contact and the parameters of each winding are uniformly distributed, the voltage regulation principle of the on-load tap-changing transformer with the polarity switch shows that the line of the direct-current resistance is reduced and then increased along with the reduction of the output voltage of the transformer, and the whole transformer is distributed in a V shape; the voltage vector normalization formula at this time is:
thereby obtaining a normalized voltage vector U '═ U'1,U′2,····U′i····U′nWherein, U'i(1,2, · · n) is obtained by normalizing the voltage according to formula (1) or formula (2);
average value of normalized voltage vector U
The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
the variance D (U ') of the normalized voltage vector U' is calculated as:
in the above solution, the step S5 is to form a winding dc resistance vector RJ(J ═ A, B, C) was normalized to give R'J(J ═ A, B, C), and the variance D (R'J) The specific method comprises the following steps:
vector of direct current resistance RJThe normalized formula for (J ═ a, B, C) is:
thereby obtaining a normalized direct current resistance vector R'J＝{R′J1,R′J2,····R′Ji····R′Jn(R ═ A, B, C), wherein RJi(1,2,. cndot.) is obtained by normalizing the direct current resistance according to the formula (5);
normalized direct current resistance vector R'JAverage value of (J ═ A, B, C)
The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
normalized direct current resistance vector R'JVariance D (R'J) The calculation formula is as follows:
in the foregoing solution, the step S6 is specifically as follows:
normalized direct current resistance vector R'JThe covariance of (J ═ a, B, C) and the normalized voltage vector U' is calculated as:
in the foregoing solution, the step S7 is specifically as follows:
normalized direct current resistance vector R'JThe formula for calculating the correlation coefficient between (J ═ a, B, C) and the normalized voltage vector U' is:
thereby obtaining the correlation coefficient rho of the direct-current resistance of the three-phase winding and the gear voltage of the transformerA,ρB,ρC。
In the foregoing solution, the step S8 is specifically as follows:
the definition formula of the integral qualification rate rho of the direct-current resistor of the voltage regulating transformer is as follows:
ρ＝min{ρA,ρB,ρC} (10)
and evaluating the direct-current resistance condition of the transformer by utilizing the integral qualification rate rho of the direct-current resistance of the voltage regulating transformer, wherein the smaller the qualification rate rho is, the worse the direct-current resistance condition of the arc suppression coil is, and the larger the qualification rate rho is, the better the direct-current resistance condition of the arc suppression coil is.
Through the technical scheme, the method for evaluating the qualification degree of the direct-current resistance of the voltage regulating transformer is a feasible and easy-to-operate method for evaluating the qualification degree of the direct-current resistance of the voltage regulating transformer, can simultaneously consider the unbalance rate of direct-current resistances of different phases of the voltage regulating transformer at the same gear and the change rule of the direct-current resistances of windings of the same phase of the voltage regulating transformer at different gears, calculates the linear correlation coefficient between the direct-current resistance value of each phase of winding of the voltage regulating transformer at different tapping gears and the corresponding rated voltage value through analysis, and can evaluate the condition of the direct-current resistance of the voltage regulating transformer more accurately, comprehensively and effectively.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an evaluation method for the qualification degree of the dc resistance of a voltage regulating transformer disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a voltage regulation schematic of an unloaded tap changer and an on-load tap changer without a polarity switch;
fig. 3 is a voltage regulation schematic diagram of an on-load tap changer with a polarity switch.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
The voltage regulating transformer can change the output voltage of the transformer by changing the tap gear, and the direct current resistance of the transformer at different gears has a close relation with the rated voltage at the gear. Therefore, whether the direct current resistance of the voltage regulating transformer is qualified or not and the qualified degree can be analyzed by analyzing the linear correlation coefficient between the direct current resistance of different gears and the rated voltage of different gears.
The flow chart of the method for evaluating the qualification degree of the direct current resistance of the voltage regulating transformer provided by the patent of the invention is shown in figure 1.
S1, obtaining three-phase direct current resistance vector R of voltage regulating transformerA、RB、RC
Obtaining direct-current resistance vectors R of three-phase windings of the voltage regulating transformer under different gears through high-voltage testsJ(j ═ a, B, C), where RJ＝{RJ1,RJ2,····RJi…RJn}(J＝A,B,C)。
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,RJi(J-a, B, C i-1, 2, … n) represents the dc resistance of the J-phase when the tap is in the i-position.
S2, judging whether the direct current resistance under each tap gear meets the national standard and the enterprise standard
Judging R according to related national standardsAi,RBi,RCi(i-1, 2, … n) satisfies the criterion. If the unbalance rate of the direct-current resistance of a certain gear does not meet the standard, the qualification rate rho of the direct-current resistance of the voltage regulating transformer is equal to 0, and the evaluation process is ended; and if the direct current resistance unbalance rates of all gears meet the standard, carrying out the next step.
S3, obtaining voltage vector U of voltage regulating transformer
Obtaining a regulating transformer voltage vector U according to a regulating transformer nameplate, wherein U ═ { U ═ U1,U2····Ui····Un}。
In the formula of UiIndicating the rated voltage (p.u.) of the transformer when the tap of the tap changer is in i-position.
In the invention, the maximum value of the output voltage of the transformer is Umax＝U11.1, minimum value of Umin＝Un＝0.9。
S4, normalizing the voltage vector U to obtain U ', and calculating the variance D (U')
The voltage regulation principle of the no-load tap changing transformer and the on-load tap changing transformer without the polarity switch is shown in figure 2. According to the voltage regulation principle, if the tap switch is in good contact and the parameters of each winding are uniformly distributed, the direct-current resistance of each phase winding is gradually increased along with the increase of the output voltage of the transformer. At this time, the voltage vector normalization formula is:
the voltage regulation principle of the on-load tap changer with the polarity switch is shown in fig. 3. According to the voltage regulation principle, if the tap switch is in good contact and the parameters of each winding are uniformly distributed, the line of the direct current resistance is reduced and then increased along with the reduction of the output voltage of the transformer, and the whole tap switch is distributed in a V shape. The voltage vector normalization formula at this time is:
thereby obtaining a normalized voltage vector U '═ U'1,U′2,····U′i····U′nWherein, U'i(1,2,. cndot.) is obtained by normalizing the voltage according to formula (1) or formula (2).
Average value of normalized voltage vector U
The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
the variance D (U ') of the normalized voltage vector U' is calculated as:
s5, direct current resistance vector R of paired windingsJ(J ═ A, B, C) was normalized to give R'J(J ═ A, B, C), and the variance D (R'J)
Vector of direct current resistance RJThe normalized formula for (J ═ a, B, C) is:
thereby obtaining a normalized direct current resistance vector R'J＝{R′J1,R′J2,····R′Ji····R′Jn(R ═ A, B, C), wherein RJi(1,2,. cndot. cndot.) is a direct current resistor according to the formula (5)And (4) normalizing the obtained product.
Normalized direct current resistance vector R'JAverage value of (J ═ A, B, C)
The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
normalized direct current resistance vector R'JVariance D (R'J) The calculation formula is as follows:
s6, calculating a normalized vector R'JCovariance Cov (R ') of (J ═ A, B, C) and U'J,U′)
Normalized direct current resistance vector R'JThe covariance of (J ═ a, B, C) and the normalized voltage vector U' is calculated as:
s7 vector R'J(J ═ A, B, C) and correlation coefficient ρ of UJ
Normalized direct current resistance vector R'JThe formula for calculating the correlation coefficient between (J ═ a, B, C) and the normalized voltage vector U' is:
thereby obtaining the correlation coefficient rho of the direct-current resistance of the three-phase winding and the gear voltage of the transformerA,ρB,ρC。
S8, obtaining the qualification rate rho of the direct current resistance of the voltage regulating transformer and carrying out grading quantization
The definition formula of the integral qualification rate rho of the direct-current resistor of the voltage regulating transformer is as follows:
ρ＝min{ρA,ρB,ρC} (10)
and evaluating the direct-current resistance condition of the transformer by utilizing the integral qualification rate rho of the direct-current resistance of the voltage regulating transformer, wherein the smaller the qualification rate rho, the worse the direct-current resistance condition of the arc suppression coil, and the larger the qualification rate rho, the better the direct-current resistance condition of the arc suppression coil.
Meanwhile, the condition of the direct current resistance of the voltage-regulating transformer can be classified according to the interval of the qualification degree rho. The selection of the grading interval needs to count and compare the working performance of a large number of transformers, and the invention patent does not explain the threshold value of the grading interval and only takes an example to further explain. The transformer performance grading quantization interval according to the integral qualification rate rho of the direct-current resistance of the voltage regulating transformer is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Voltage-regulating Transformer DC resistance integral qualification degree grading quantization interval
| Rank of | Class I | Class II | Class III | --- |
| ρ | ρ≥ρ1 | ρ1＞ρ≥ρ2 | ρ2＞ρ≥ρ3 | --- |
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. A method for evaluating the qualification degree of a direct-current resistor of a voltage regulating transformer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, acquiring a three-phase direct-current resistance vector of the voltage regulating transformer;
s2, judging whether the three-phase direct-current resistances of all gears meet national standards and enterprise standards, if the direct-current resistance of a certain gear does not meet the standards, the qualification degree of the direct-current resistance of the voltage regulating transformer is 0, and ending the evaluation process; if all the gear direct-current resistances meet the standard, the next step is carried out;
s3, acquiring a voltage vector of the voltage regulating transformer;
s4, normalizing the voltage vector and calculating the variance of the voltage vector;
s5, carrying out normalization processing on the direct current resistance vector, and calculating the variance of the direct current resistance vector;
s6, calculating the covariance of the normalized voltage vector and the DC resistance vector of each phase;
s7, calculating the correlation coefficient rho of the normalized voltage vector and the direct current resistance vector of each phaseA,ρB,ρC；
S8, calculating the qualification degree of the direct-current resistance of the voltage regulating transformer and carrying out grading quantization;
the definition formula of the integral qualification rate rho of the direct-current resistor of the voltage regulating transformer is as follows:
ρ＝min{ρA,ρB,ρC} (10)
and evaluating the direct-current resistance condition of the transformer by utilizing the integral qualification rate rho of the direct-current resistance of the voltage regulating transformer, wherein the smaller the qualification rate rho is, the worse the direct-current resistance condition of the arc suppression coil is, and the larger the qualification rate rho is, the better the direct-current resistance condition of the arc suppression coil is.
2. The method for evaluating the qualification of the DC resistance of the voltage regulating transformer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S1 is to obtain a three-phase DC resistance vector R of the voltage regulating transformerA、RB、RCThe specific method comprises the following steps:
obtaining direct-current resistance vectors R of three-phase windings of the voltage regulating transformer under different gears through high-voltage testsJ(j ═ a, B, C), where RJ＝{RJ1,RJ2,…RJi…RJn}(J＝A,B,C)；
In the formula, RJi(J-a, B, C i-1, 2, … n) represents the dc resistance of the J-phase when the tap is in the i-position.
3. The method for evaluating the qualification of the direct-current resistance of the voltage regulating transformer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step S2 is as follows:
judgment of RAi,RBi,RCi(i-1, 2, … n) satisfying both national and enterprise standards.
4. The method for evaluating the qualification of the direct-current resistance of the voltage regulating transformer according to claim 3, wherein the voltage vector U of the voltage regulating transformer is obtained in the step S3, and the specific method is as follows:
obtaining a regulating transformer voltage vector U according to a regulating transformer nameplate, wherein U ═ { U ═ U1,U2…Ui…Un}；
In the formula of UiThe rated voltage of the transformer is shown when the tap joint of the voltage regulating transformer is in the i gear;
maximum output voltage of transformerValue of Umax＝U11.1, minimum value of Umin＝Un＝0.9。
5. The method for evaluating the qualification rate of the DC resistance of the voltage regulating transformer as claimed in claim 4, wherein the step S4 is to normalize the voltage vector U to obtain U ', and calculate the variance D (U') thereof, the specific method is as follows:
on the assumption that the tap switch is in good contact and the parameters of each winding are uniformly distributed, the direct-current resistance of each phase winding is gradually increased along with the rise of the output voltage of the transformer according to the voltage regulation principles of the no-load voltage-regulating transformer and the on-load voltage-regulating transformer without the polarity switch; at this time, the voltage vector normalization formula is:
on the assumption that the tap switch is in good contact and the parameters of each winding are uniformly distributed, the voltage regulation principle of the on-load tap-changing transformer with the polarity switch shows that the direct-current resistance is reduced and then increased along with the reduction of the output voltage of the transformer, and the whole transformer is distributed in a V shape; the voltage vector normalization formula at this time is:
thereby obtaining a normalized voltage vector U '═ U'1,U′2,…U′i…U′nWherein, U'i(1,2, … n) is obtained by normalizing the voltage according to formula (1) or formula (2);
average value of normalized voltage vector U
The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
the variance D (U ') of the normalized voltage vector U' is calculated as:
6. the method for evaluating the qualification of the DC resistance of the voltage regulating transformer as claimed in claim 5, wherein the step S5 is to obtain a winding DC resistance vector RJ(J ═ A, B, C) was normalized to give R'J(J ═ A, B, C), and the variance D (R'J) The specific method comprises the following steps:
vector of direct current resistance RJThe normalized formula for (J ═ a, B, C) is:
thereby obtaining a normalized direct current resistance vector R'J＝{R′J1,R′J2,…R′Ji…R′Jn(R ═ A, B, C), wherein RJi(1,2, … n) is obtained by normalizing the direct current resistance according to the formula (5);
normalized direct current resistance vector R'JAverage value of (J ═ A, B, C)
The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
normalized direct current resistance vector R'JVariance D (R'J) The calculation formula is as follows:
7. the method for evaluating the qualification of the DC resistance of the voltage regulating transformer as claimed in claim 6, wherein the step S6 is as follows:
normalized direct current resistance vector R'JThe covariance of (J ═ a, B, C) and the normalized voltage vector U' is calculated as:
8. the method for evaluating the qualification of the DC resistance of the voltage regulating transformer as claimed in claim 7, wherein the step S7 is as follows:
normalized direct current resistance vector R'JThe formula for calculating the correlation coefficient between (J ═ a, B, C) and the normalized voltage vector U' is:
thereby obtaining the correlation coefficient rho of the direct-current resistance of the three-phase winding and the gear voltage of the transformerA,ρB,ρC。
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