CN110849720A - Monitoring system and analysis system for steel rail longitudinal resistance test based on image recognition - Google Patents
Monitoring system and analysis system for steel rail longitudinal resistance test based on image recognition Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/066—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with electrical indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N3/068—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with optical indicating or recording means
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
The invention relates to a monitoring system and an analysis system for a steel rail longitudinal resistance test based on image recognition, wherein the monitoring system comprises more than one calibration plate, a camera I (used for recording video), an image extraction system I (used for extracting pictures in the video) and an image processing system I (used for processing the pictures to obtain strain data), wherein the camera I, the image extraction system I and the image processing system I are sequentially connected; the analysis system comprises the monitoring system, a stress acquisition system (used for acquiring stress data) and a data processing system which are connected with each other, wherein the image processing system I is connected with the data processing system, and the data processing system is used for processing the strain data and the stress data and outputting an analysis result. The invention can realize monitoring of the steel rail strain in the steel rail longitudinal resistance test by using an image processing method and data analysis, and is suitable for popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of test devices, and relates to a monitoring system and an analysis system for a steel rail longitudinal resistance test based on image recognition.
Background
In a rail transit road structure, because the concrete track bed has stronger capability of keeping geometric shape and position, the longitudinal resistance of a line is generally determined by the longitudinal resistance of a steel rail formed by the constraint of an elastic strip fastener. The longitudinal resistance of the steel rail is an important parameter of the design of a track structure, and is necessary basic data in a railway engineering construction standard, a railway product standard and an operation maintenance standard, and a scientific and accurate method is required to be adopted for measurement. At present, a strain monitoring method in a steel rail longitudinal resistance test is mainly measured through a contact type strain sensor, and the contact type strain sensor has the characteristics of simple operation, capability of directly reflecting the result of the strain test, but also has the defect of being not negligible, such as inaccuracy and easiness in generating errors due to the slippage of the steel rail.
Therefore, in order to meet the requirement for the accuracy of strain monitoring in the rail longitudinal resistance test, it is necessary to improve the strain monitoring method of the rail longitudinal resistance test.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the accuracy of strain monitoring in a steel rail longitudinal resistance test is not enough in the prior art, provides a monitoring system of the steel rail longitudinal resistance test based on image recognition, and further obtains an analysis system based on the monitoring system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a monitoring system for a steel rail longitudinal resistance test based on image identification comprises a calibration plate, and a camera I, an image extraction system I and an image processing system I which are sequentially connected;
the number of the calibration plates is one, and the calibration plates are fixed on the side surface of the rail web of the steel rail test piece, or the number of the calibration plates is two, one calibration plate is fixed on the side surface of the rail web of the steel rail test piece, the other calibration plate is fixed on a fixing support between the steel rail test piece and the longitudinal resistance testing machine, and the horizontal heights of the calibration plates and the fixing support are the same;
the calibration plate is positioned in the visual field range of the camera I, the camera I is fixed on the side of the steel rail test piece and used for recording video in the longitudinal resistance test process of the steel rail, and the shooting visual angle of the camera I is fixed in the video recording process;
the image extraction system I is used for extracting pictures in the video of the camera I according to the number of frames;
and the image processing system I is used for processing the pictures to obtain the strain data of the steel rail in the longitudinal resistance test process of the steel rail.
The method adopts a camera I to carry out whole-course video recording on the position of a marking plate in the test process, extracts pictures in the video recording through an image extraction system I according to the number of frames, and then processes the extracted pictures by an image processing system I, so that the strain condition of the steel rail in the test process can be obtained;
when the number of the calibration plates is one, the steel rail test piece drives the calibration plates to move, the positions of the calibration plates in each frame of picture are changed, and the positions of the calibration plates in the second picture are compared with those of the first picture in pairs to obtain the relative displacement of the calibration plates; when the number of the calibration plates is two, the second calibration plate fixed on the fixed support has no displacement in the processing process when the steel rail test piece drives the first calibration plate to move, so that the relative positions of the two calibration plates in each frame of picture are changed, the distance between the two calibration plates in each frame of picture is calculated, and the relative displacement of the calibration plates can be obtained; finally, strain data of the steel rail can be obtained according to the relative displacement of the calibration plate, and compared with the method in the prior art, the image identification method is more accurate, simpler and more convenient.
As a preferred technical scheme:
according to the monitoring system for the rail longitudinal resistance test based on the image recognition, the camera I is fixed on the camera fixing device, the camera fixing device is hinged with the camera fixing platform, so that the camera fixing device can swing left and right on a YZ plane relative to the camera fixing platform, the camera is convenient to adjust to enable the displacement of the fixing plate in a picture to be kept in the horizontal direction, the purpose is convenient to calculate and reduce errors, the camera fixing platform is movably connected with the camera support, the camera support is used for moving the camera fixing platform along the direction Y and the direction Z, the direction Y and the direction Z are perpendicular to each other, and the direction Y and the direction Z are perpendicular to the side face of the rail waist of the rail test piece.
According to the monitoring system for the steel rail longitudinal resistance test based on the image recognition, the switch type magnetic seat is arranged at the bottom of the camera support, and the camera support is placed on the iron working platform.
According to the monitoring system for the rail longitudinal resistance test based on the image recognition, the camera support is composed of 14 rods, wherein 12 rods are connected into a cubic frame, and the other 2 rods are parallel to each other, fixed in the cubic frame and parallel to 4 rods in the cubic frame.
According to the monitoring system for the steel rail longitudinal resistance test based on the image recognition, the lighting source fixing device is installed at the top of the camera support, and when the ambient light is insufficient, the lighting source can be added to compensate illumination.
The invention also provides an analysis system of the steel rail longitudinal resistance test based on image recognition, which comprises the monitoring system of the steel rail longitudinal resistance test based on image recognition, a stress acquisition system and a data processing system which are connected with each other, wherein the stress acquisition system is used for acquiring stress data which changes at any moment in the steel rail longitudinal resistance test process, an image processing system I in the monitoring system is connected with the data processing system, the data processing system is used for drawing the strain data and the stress data into a one-to-one corresponding table, a corresponding method is selected for analyzing the strain data and the stress data, and an analysis result is output; specifically, the data processing system integrates the obtained strain data and stress data, matches the strain data and the stress data in pairs according to a time sequence, can output Excel files containing detailed data and stress-strain graphs, then uses data analysis software to analyze the increasing and decreasing trend of the stress data, records the time when the stress begins to decrease, the maximum value and the strain value at the same time, and can output an analysis result.
On the basis of the monitoring system for the steel rail longitudinal resistance test based on the image recognition, a stress acquisition system and a data processing system are further adopted, stress data in the test process are acquired through the stress acquisition system, the strain data and the stress data acquired by the stress acquisition system are processed through the data processing system to obtain data corresponding to each other, and finally the data are analyzed to output the test result;
when the static friction between two objects is converted into dynamic friction, the dynamic friction is less than or equal to the static friction, and the longitudinal resistance of the test steel rail is the maximum longitudinal resistance value when the test steel rail starts to slide.
As a preferred technical scheme:
according to the analysis system for the steel rail longitudinal resistance test based on the image recognition, the stress acquisition system mainly comprises the strain gauge and the stress sensor display screen which are connected with each other, and the camera II, the image extraction system II and the image processing system II which are connected in sequence, wherein the image processing system II is connected with the data processing system;
the strain gauge is arranged on the steel rail test piece and used for measuring stress data which changes constantly in the process of the steel rail longitudinal resistance test;
the stress sensor display screen is used for displaying stress data which changes constantly in the process of the longitudinal resistance test of the steel rail in real time;
the stress sensor display screen is positioned in the visual field range of the camera II, the camera II is fixed on the side of the steel rail test piece and used for recording video in the longitudinal resistance test process of the steel rail, and the shooting visual angle of the camera II is fixed in the video recording process;
the image extraction system II is used for extracting pictures in the video of the camera II according to the number of frames;
and the image processing system II is used for processing the pictures to obtain the strain data of the steel rail in the longitudinal resistance test process of the steel rail.
According to the analysis system for the rail longitudinal resistance test based on the image recognition, the camera I and the camera II are the same camera, the image extraction system I and the image extraction system II are the same image extraction system, and the image processing system I and the image processing system II are the same image processing system.
The analysis system for the steel rail longitudinal resistance test based on the image recognition mainly comprises a strain gauge, a data acquisition instrument and a PC (personal computer) which are sequentially connected; the strain gauge is arranged on the steel rail test piece and used for measuring stress data which changes constantly in the process of the steel rail longitudinal resistance test; the data acquisition instrument is used for acquiring stress data which changes constantly in the process of the longitudinal resistance test of the steel rail; the PC is used for recording and storing stress data of the steel rail longitudinal resistance change at any moment in the test process in real time.
According to the analysis system for the rail longitudinal resistance test based on the image recognition, the analysis result is a stress-strain curve graph.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the monitoring system for the steel rail longitudinal resistance test based on image recognition can effectively realize monitoring of steel rail strain in the steel rail longitudinal resistance test by using an image processing method, and has accurate and efficient test result;
(2) the analysis system for the steel rail longitudinal resistance test based on image recognition can perform a data analysis function on the basis of accurately testing the steel rail strain in the steel rail longitudinal resistance test;
(3) the analysis system for the steel rail longitudinal resistance test based on the image recognition is light in equipment weight, simple in structure, easy to disassemble, low in maintenance cost, low in requirement on test environment and suitable for popularization and use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an analysis system for a rail longitudinal resistance test based on image recognition in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an analysis system for a rail longitudinal resistance test based on image recognition in example 3 of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a camera mount;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a camera head fixture;
the system comprises a camera I, a steel rail test piece, a 3 iron working platform, a 4 data acquisition instrument, a 5 strain gauge, a 6 camera support, a 7 camera fixing platform, an 8 switch type magnetic seat, a 9 illumination light source fixing device, a 10 camera fixing device, an 11 image extraction system I, a 12 image processing system I, a 13 data processing system, a 14 calibration plate, a 15 stress sensor display screen and a 16 PC (personal computer).
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Example 1
A monitoring system for a steel rail longitudinal resistance test based on image identification comprises a calibration plate, and a camera I, an image extraction system I and an image processing system I which are sequentially connected;
the number of the calibration plates is one, and the calibration plates are fixed on the side surface of the rail web of the steel rail test piece; the calibration plate is positioned in the visual field range of the camera I, the camera I is fixed on the side of the steel rail test piece and used for recording video in the longitudinal resistance test process of the steel rail, and the shooting visual angle of the camera I is fixed in the video recording process;
the camera I is fixed on a camera fixing device 10 shown in figure 4, the camera fixing device 10 is hinged with a camera fixing platform 7, the camera fixing platform 7 is movably connected with a camera support 6, as shown in figure 3, the camera support 6 is used for moving the camera fixing platform 7 along a direction Y and a direction Z, the direction Y and the direction Z are mutually vertical, and the direction Y and the direction Z are simultaneously vertical to the side surface of the rail waist of the steel rail test piece, wherein a switch type magnetic base 8 is arranged at the bottom of the camera support 6, and the camera support 6 is placed on an iron working platform; the camera bracket 6 consists of 14 bars, wherein 12 bars are connected into a cubic frame (the cubic frame is a part of the camera bracket 6), and the other 2 bars are parallel to each other, fixed in the cubic frame and parallel to 4 bars in the cubic frame; the top of the camera bracket 6 is provided with an illumination light source fixing device 9;
the image extraction system I is used for extracting pictures in the video of the camera I according to the number of frames;
and the image processing system I is used for processing the pictures to obtain the strain data of the steel rail in the longitudinal resistance test process of the steel rail.
Example 2
An analysis system for a steel rail longitudinal resistance test based on image recognition is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a monitoring system (in the figure, 1 is a camera I, 2 is a steel rail test piece, 3 is an iron working platform, 11 is an image extraction system I, 12 is an image processing system I, 14 is a calibration plate), a stress acquisition system and a data processing system 13 which are connected with each other in embodiment 1;
the stress acquisition system is used for acquiring stress data which changes constantly in the process of the longitudinal resistance test of the steel rail;
the stress acquisition system consists of a strain gauge 5 and a stress sensor display screen 15 which are mutually connected, and a camera II, an image extraction system II and an image processing system II which are sequentially connected, wherein the image processing system II is connected with the data processing system 13;
the strain gauge 5 is arranged on a steel rail test piece and used for measuring stress data which changes constantly in the process of a steel rail longitudinal resistance test;
the stress sensor display screen 15 is used for displaying stress data which changes constantly in the process of the steel rail longitudinal resistance test in real time;
the stress sensor display screen 15 is positioned in the visual field range of the camera II, the camera II is fixed on the side of the steel rail test piece and used for recording video in the longitudinal resistance test process of the steel rail, and the shooting visual angle of the camera II is fixed in the video recording process;
the image extraction system II is used for extracting pictures in the video of the camera II according to the number of frames;
the image processing system II is used for processing the pictures to obtain strain data of the steel rail in the longitudinal resistance test process of the steel rail;
the camera I and the camera II are the same camera, the image extraction system I and the image extraction system II are the same image extraction system, and the image processing system I and the image processing system II are the same image processing system; the data processing system 13, the image extraction system I11 and the image processing system I12 are installed on the same PC 16;
an image processing system I in the monitoring system is connected with a data processing system 13, the data processing system 13 is used for drawing the strain data and the stress data into a one-to-one corresponding table, analyzing the strain data and the stress data by selecting a corresponding method, and outputting a stress-strain curve graph.
Example 3
An analysis system for a rail longitudinal resistance test based on image recognition is shown in fig. 2, and comprises a monitoring system for the rail longitudinal resistance test based on image recognition in embodiment 1, a stress acquisition system and a data processing system 13 which are connected with each other;
the stress acquisition system is used for acquiring stress data which changes constantly in the process of the longitudinal resistance test of the steel rail, an image processing system I12 in the monitoring system is connected with a data processing system 13, and the stress acquisition system consists of a strain gauge 5, a data acquisition instrument 4 and a PC (personal computer) 16 which are connected in sequence; the strain gauge 5 is arranged on a steel rail test piece and used for measuring stress data which changes constantly in the process of a steel rail longitudinal resistance test; the data acquisition instrument is used for acquiring stress data which changes constantly in the process of the longitudinal resistance test of the steel rail; the PC 16 is used for recording and storing stress data of the change of the steel rail at any moment in the longitudinal resistance test process in real time;
the data processing system 13 is configured to plot the strain data and the stress data into a one-to-one table, analyze the strain data and the stress data by selecting a corresponding method, and output a stress-strain graph.
Example 4
The analysis system of the steel rail longitudinal resistance test based on the image recognition in the embodiment 2 is used for testing, and the testing steps are as follows:
(1) adhering the calibration plate to the side surface of the rail web of the steel rail test piece, and fixing the camera I after adjusting the camera I to enable the calibration plate to be positioned in the visual field range of the camera I;
(2) mounting the strain gauge on a steel rail test piece, connecting the strain gauge with a stress sensor display screen, adjusting a camera II to enable the stress sensor display screen to be positioned in the visual field range of the camera II, and fixing the camera II;
(3) starting the video recording functions of the camera I and the camera II, and starting the longitudinal resistance test of the steel rail;
(4) finishing the test, extracting pictures in the video of the camera I by the image extraction system I according to the number of frames, processing the pictures by the image processing system I to obtain strain data of the steel rail in the longitudinal resistance test process of the steel rail, and sending the strain data to the data processing system, meanwhile, extracting the pictures in the video of the camera II by the image extraction system II according to the number of frames, processing the pictures by the image processing system II to obtain strain data of the steel rail in the longitudinal resistance test process of the steel rail, and sending the strain data to the data processing system;
(5) the data processing system draws the strain data and the stress data into a one-to-one corresponding table, outputs a stress-strain curve graph, selects a corresponding method to analyze the strain data and the stress data, continuously increases the strain when the stress is unchanged or begins to be reduced, can judge that the steel rail slips at the moment, and calculates the maximum stress value, thus obtaining a test result.
Comparative example 1
A traditional testing device is used for testing, and the testing process is as follows: the contact type strain acquisition system and the stress acquisition system are respectively connected with a steel rail test piece, all data of the two acquisition systems are zeroed, after the test is started, the strain acquisition system records and stores the strain data of the test process, and the stress acquisition system records and stores the stress data of the test process until the test is finished.
And drawing the strain data and the stress data into a one-to-one corresponding table by using a data processing system, manually comparing the table data according to relevant test standards, and judging to obtain a test result.
Comparing comparative example 1 with example 4, it can be seen that the slippage (slippage condition causing error) of the steel rail is recorded in the test process in example 4, and the corresponding relation of stress and strain can be more accurately judged according to the record, which is convenient and fast.
Claims (10)
1. A monitoring system for a steel rail longitudinal resistance test based on image recognition is characterized in that: the system comprises a calibration board, a camera I, an image extraction system I and an image processing system I which are sequentially connected;
the number of the calibration plates is one, and the calibration plates are fixed on the side surface of the rail web of the steel rail test piece, or the number of the calibration plates is two, one calibration plate is fixed on the side surface of the rail web of the steel rail test piece, the other calibration plate is fixed on a fixing support between the steel rail test piece and the longitudinal resistance testing machine, and the horizontal heights of the calibration plates and the fixing support are the same;
the calibration plate is positioned in the visual field range of the camera I, the camera I is fixed on the side of the steel rail test piece and used for recording video in the longitudinal resistance test process of the steel rail, and the shooting visual angle of the camera I is fixed in the video recording process;
the image extraction system I is used for extracting pictures in the video of the camera I according to the number of frames;
and the image processing system I is used for processing the pictures to obtain the strain data of the steel rail in the longitudinal resistance test process of the steel rail.
2. The monitoring system for the rail longitudinal resistance test based on the image recognition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the camera I is fixed on a camera fixing device, the camera fixing device is hinged with a camera fixing platform, the camera fixing platform is movably connected with a camera support, the camera support is used for moving the camera fixing platform along a direction Y and a direction Z, the direction Y and the direction Z are perpendicular to each other, and the direction Y and the direction Z are perpendicular to the side surface of the rail web of the rail test piece.
3. The monitoring system for the steel rail longitudinal resistance test based on the image recognition is characterized in that the switch type magnetic seat is arranged at the bottom of the camera support, and the camera support is placed on an iron working platform.
4. The monitoring system for the rail longitudinal resistance test based on the image recognition is characterized in that the camera support is composed of 14 rods, wherein 12 rods are connected into a cubic frame, and the other 2 rods are parallel to each other, fixed in the cubic frame and parallel to 4 rods in the cubic frame.
5. The monitoring system for the rail longitudinal resistance test based on the image recognition is characterized in that an illumination light source fixing device is installed at the top of the camera support.
6. An analysis system for a steel rail longitudinal resistance test based on image recognition is characterized in that: the monitoring system comprises the monitoring system for the steel rail longitudinal resistance test based on the image recognition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, and further comprises a stress acquisition system and a data processing system which are connected with each other, wherein the stress acquisition system is used for acquiring stress data which changes at any time in the steel rail longitudinal resistance test process, an image processing system I in the monitoring system is connected with the data processing system, the data processing system is used for drawing the strain data and the stress data into a one-to-one corresponding table, a corresponding method is selected for analyzing the strain data and the stress data, and an analysis result is output.
7. The analysis system for the steel rail longitudinal resistance test based on the image recognition is characterized in that the stress acquisition system mainly comprises a strain gauge and a stress sensor display screen which are connected with each other, and a camera II, an image extraction system II and an image processing system II which are connected in sequence, wherein the image processing system II is connected with the data processing system;
the strain gauge is arranged on the steel rail test piece and used for measuring stress data which changes constantly in the process of the steel rail longitudinal resistance test;
the stress sensor display screen is used for displaying stress data which changes constantly in the process of the longitudinal resistance test of the steel rail in real time;
the stress sensor display screen is positioned in the visual field range of the camera II, the camera II is fixed on the side of the steel rail test piece and used for recording video in the longitudinal resistance test process of the steel rail, and the shooting visual angle of the camera II is fixed in the video recording process;
the image extraction system II is used for extracting pictures in the video of the camera II according to the number of frames;
and the image processing system II is used for processing the pictures to obtain the strain data of the steel rail in the longitudinal resistance test process of the steel rail.
8. The analysis system for the steel rail longitudinal resistance test based on the image recognition as claimed in claim 7, wherein the camera I and the camera II are the same camera, the image extraction system I and the image extraction system II are the same image extraction system, and the image processing system I and the image processing system II are the same image processing system.
9. The analysis system for the steel rail longitudinal resistance test based on the image recognition is characterized in that the stress acquisition system mainly comprises a strain gauge, a data acquisition instrument and a PC (personal computer) which are sequentially connected; the strain gauge is arranged on the steel rail test piece and used for measuring stress data which changes constantly in the process of the steel rail longitudinal resistance test; the data acquisition instrument is used for acquiring stress data which changes constantly in the process of the longitudinal resistance test of the steel rail; the PC is used for recording and storing stress data of the steel rail longitudinal resistance change at any moment in the test process in real time.
10. The analysis system for the steel rail longitudinal resistance test based on the image recognition is characterized in that the analysis result is a stress-strain curve graph.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112378761A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-02-19 | 华东交通大学 | Railway steel rail data detection test bed and use method thereof |
| CN112378761B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2023-10-24 | 华东交通大学 | Data detection test bed for railway steel rail and use method thereof |
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