CN110848100A - Solar organic Rankine cycle system based on heat exchange of phase change energy storage material - Google Patents
Solar organic Rankine cycle system based on heat exchange of phase change energy storage material Download PDFInfo
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- CN110848100A CN110848100A CN201911049122.9A CN201911049122A CN110848100A CN 110848100 A CN110848100 A CN 110848100A CN 201911049122 A CN201911049122 A CN 201911049122A CN 110848100 A CN110848100 A CN 110848100A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
- F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
- F03G6/065—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means having a Rankine cycle
- F03G6/067—Binary cycle plants where the fluid from the solar collector heats the working fluid via a heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
- F28D20/021—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material and the heat-exchanging means being enclosed in one container
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a solar organic Rankine cycle system based on heat exchange of a phase-change energy storage material, which comprises a heat source system and an ORC system, wherein the heat source system comprises a solar heat collector, a PCM heat reservoir and a pipeline network, the pipeline network is respectively connected with the solar heat collector and the PCM heat reservoir, a valve is arranged on the pipeline network, and the switching of the connection mode between the solar heat collector and the PCM heat reservoir is realized by closing and opening the valve; the ORC system comprises an evaporator, an expander, a condenser and a working medium pump which are sequentially connected to form a loop; thermal coupling between the heat source system and the ORC system is achieved through an evaporator. The invention applies phase-change material energy storage to the solar organic Rankine cycle system, has reasonable structural design and high thermal efficiency, and effectively solves the problem of unstable solar radiation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy power generation, and particularly relates to a solar organic Rankine cycle system based on heat exchange of a phase change energy storage material.
Background
With the accelerated adjustment of energy structures and the enhanced protection of the atmosphere and the environment, solar energy has been receiving widespread attention from countries all over the world as a renewable clean energy source. Solar energy utilization can be realized through two ways of photovoltaic conversion and photothermal conversion. The photovoltaic conversion is to directly convert solar energy into electric energy by utilizing the photovoltaic effect of a semiconductor material, and the photothermal conversion is to convert the solar energy into heat energy of a working medium through a solar heat collector. Under the influence of direct solar radiation, the medium-low temperature photo-thermal power generation has wider regional adaptability.
The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) can be widely used for recovering waste heat and waste heat, and is an ideal mode for medium-low temperature photo-thermal power generation utilization. Patent CN 203476624U provides a low temperature type organic rankine cycle solar thermal power generation system, effectively solves the heat transmission loss of heat collector big, problem such as equipment cost height. The patent CN 104196689A also provides a solar organic Rankine cycle power generation system, the invention not only focuses on heat exchange and matching of a heat collector, a working medium and a heat source, but also adds an internal heat exchange device and a steam extraction heat regeneration device, and effectively improves the cycle efficiency and performance of the solar low-temperature organic Rankine cycle power generation system.
However, the solar radiation energy density is low, and at night or in rainy and cloudy days, the solar energy cannot be utilized, and the problem that the solar radiation energy is unstable is ignored.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the solar organic Rankine cycle system based on the heat exchange of the phase-change energy storage material.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a solar organic Rankine cycle system based on phase change energy storage material heat exchange comprises a heat source system and an ORC (organic Rankine cycle) system, wherein the heat source system comprises a solar heat collector, a PCM heat reservoir and a pipeline network, the pipeline network is respectively connected with the solar heat collector and the PCM heat reservoir, a valve is arranged on the pipeline network, and the connection mode between the solar heat collector and the PCM heat reservoir is switched by closing and opening the valve;
the ORC (organic Rankine cycle) system comprises an evaporator, an expansion machine, a condenser and a working medium pump which are sequentially connected to form a loop;
the heat source system and the ORC system are thermally coupled through an evaporator;
further, the connection mode between solar collector and the PCM heat reservoir includes five modes, is respectively: mode 1: the solar heat collector is connected with the evaporator in series, and only the solar heat collector serves as a heat source of the evaporator; mode 2: the PCM heat reservoir is connected with the evaporator in parallel to form a loop with the solar heat collector, and the solar heat collector is used as a heat source of the PCM heat reservoir and the evaporator respectively; mode 3: the solar heat collector and the PCM heat reservoir are connected in parallel to form a loop with the evaporator, and the solar heat collector and the PCM heat reservoir are respectively used as heat sources of the evaporator; mode 4: the PCM heat reservoir is connected with the evaporator in series, and only the PCM heat reservoir serves as a heat source of the evaporator; mode 5: the solar heat collector and the PCM heat reservoir are connected in series, and the solar heat collector serves as a heat source of the PCM heat reservoir;
further, the circulating working medium in the heat source system is water, and the circulating working medium in the ORC system is a refrigerant;
further, the refrigerant working medium can be selected from R123, R245fa, R141b or R1234 ze;
further, the PCM heat reservoir is a cylindrical storage tank, 1 serpentine pipeline is arranged in the PCM heat reservoir, and two sections of the serpentine pipeline are respectively connected with a pipeline network for circulating working media to flow through; phase-change materials are tightly filled between the storage tank and the coiled pipe;
further, the phase-change material is an inorganic phase-change heat storage material;
further, the inorganic phase-change heat storage material is a salt hydrate, the melting point of the salt hydrate is 117 ℃, and the latent heat is 160 kJ/kg;
the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the solar organic Rankine cycle system based on the heat exchange of the phase change energy storage material is simple in structure, convenient to use and low in cost. The PCM heat reservoir is added aiming at the defects of low solar energy density, unstable radiation and the like, and the energy of a heat source is reduced when the solar radiation is strong. And when the solar radiation is weak, the heat source energy is filled, and the stability of the operation of the whole system is ensured. Besides, the circulation efficiency is increased to a certain extent, and the energy loss is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a solar organic Rankine cycle system based on heat exchange of a phase change energy storage material, and comprises:
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a PCM heat reservoir;
in the figure, the solar heat collector 1, the solar heat collector 2, the PCM heat reservoir 3, the pumps A and 4, the pumps B and 5, the evaporator 6, the expander 7, the generator 8, the working medium pump 9 and the condenser are arranged.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The solar organic Rankine cycle system based on the heat exchange of the phase change energy storage material as shown in FIG. 1 comprises a heat source system and an ORC system; the heat source system comprises a solar heat collector 1 and a PCM heat reservoir 2, wherein the solar heat collector 1 is communicated with the PCM heat reservoir 2 through a pipeline network, valves are arranged on the pipeline, and the transfer of working media in the solar heat collector 1 and the PCM heat reservoir 2 can be realized through the closing and opening of the valves; and the circulating working medium in the heat source system is water. In this embodiment, the PCM heat reservoir 2 is a cylindrical storage tank as shown in fig. 2, and has a serpentine pipe therein, two ends of the serpentine pipe are connected to a pipeline network for circulating working fluid to flow through, and a phase change material is tightly filled between the inside of the storage tank and the serpentine pipe. The phase-change material can be inorganic phase-change heat storage material, such as salt hydrate, the melting point of the salt hydrate is 117 ℃, and the latent heat is 160 kJ/kg.
The ORC system comprises an evaporator 5, a condenser 9, a working medium pump 8, an expansion machine 6 and a generator 7; wherein, a circulation loop is formed among the evaporator 5, the expander 6, the condenser 9 and the working medium pump 8, and the expander 6 is connected with the generator 7; the circulating working medium in the ORC system is a refrigerant, and the refrigerant working medium is R123, R245fa, R141b or R1234 ze.
Thermal coupling between the heat source system and the ORC system is achieved by an evaporator 5.
In order to explain the protection content of the technical scheme of the invention more clearly, the control process of the invention is described in the following five cases of normal solar radiation, strong solar radiation, weak solar radiation, no solar radiation and no need of power generation.
In the embodiment 1, when solar radiation is normal and the organic Rankine cycle system needs to generate power, the valves V3 and V5 are opened, in the heat source system at the moment, the PCM heat reservoir 2 is not connected to a pipeline network, only the solar heat collector 1 is connected, the solar heat collector 1 and the evaporator 5 are connected in series to form a loop, and only the solar heat collector 1 serves as a heat source; when the pump B4 starts to operate, the circulating working medium (water) in the pipeline network enters the solar heat collector 1, and the solar heat collector 1 heats the circulating working medium (water) into a thermal circulating working medium (water) by absorbing solar energy and serves as a heat source; when the circulating working medium (water) flows into the evaporator 5 to exchange heat with the refrigerant in the evaporator 5, the refrigerant in the evaporator 5 absorbs heat to generate high-temperature steam, the high-temperature steam enters the expander 6 to do work and drive the generator 7 to generate power, and the exhaust steam after power generation enters the condenser 9 to enter the next cycle.
In embodiment 2, when solar radiation is strong and the organic rankine cycle system needs to generate electricity, the valves V2, V3, V5 and V7 are opened, at this time, the solar heat collector 1 and the PCM heat reservoir 2 are both connected to the pipeline network, the PCM heat reservoir 2 and the evaporator 5 are connected in parallel to form a loop with the solar heat collector 1, only the solar heat collector 1 serves as a heat source, and the PCM heat reservoir 2 stores heat; when the pump A3 and the pump B4 are started simultaneously, working medium water in the pipeline network enters the solar heat collector 1, the working medium water is converted into hot water after absorbing a large amount of solar energy in the solar heat collector, then a part of the hot water enters the evaporator 5 to exchange heat with the refrigerant, and the other part of the hot water enters the PCM heat reservoir 2. The temperature of the solid PCM is continuously raised to reach the melting point of the material, after the melting point, the temperature is kept unchanged during the melting process of the PCM, and when all the PCM is changed into a liquid phase, the temperature of the liquid PCM is continuously raised until the specified limit of the heat exchange fluid. The low-grade working medium water from the PCM heat reservoir 2 is sent to the solar heat collector through a pump A3. Therefore, redundant solar heat can be stored in the PCM heat reservoir 2, and meanwhile, working medium water is prevented from being overheated in the solar heat collector.
Example 3, when the solar radiation is weak but the system still needs to generate electricity, the valves V3, V4, V5 and V6 are opened, at this time, the solar heat collector 1 and the PCM heat reservoir 2 are connected into the pipeline network, and the solar heat collector 1 is connected with the PCM heat reservoir 2 in parallel and the evaporator 5 forms a loop. When the pump B4 is started, part of working medium water in the pipeline network enters the solar heat collector 1 and is heated by solar energy; the other part of the heat exchange liquid enters the PCM heat storage device 2 and exchanges heat with the phase-change material stored in the PCM heat storage device 2. Finally, the two parts of the solar heat collector 1 and the PCM heat reservoir 2 simultaneously serve as heat sources to heat the refrigerant in the evaporator 5.
Example 4, when the system needs to generate electricity, the solar radiation is weak or cannot be used at all. In this mode, valves V4 and V6 are opened, at which time only PCM heat reservoir 2 is connected into the piping network and in series with evaporator 5, only PCM heat reservoir 2 acting as heat source; when the pump B4 is started, working medium water in the pipeline network enters the PCM heat reservoir 2, heat exchange is carried out between the heat stored in the PCM heat reservoir 2 and the working medium water to further change the heat into hot water, and the hot water enters the evaporator 5 to exchange heat with the refrigerant.
Example 5, when the system does not need to generate electricity, the valves V2, V5 and V7 are opened, and at this time, the solar heat collector 1 and the PCM heat reservoir 2 are connected into the pipeline network, and the solar heat collector 1 and the PCM heat reservoir 2 are connected in series to form a loop, but are not connected with the evaporator 5. At the moment, the pump A3 is turned on, all the working medium water in the pipeline network enters the solar heat collector 1, the solar heat collector 1 heats the low-temperature water into hot water by absorbing solar energy, and all the hot water enters the PCM heat reservoir 2 to store solar heat.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the design idea and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the present invention is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the present invention accordingly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Therefore, all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the principles and concepts disclosed herein are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The solar organic Rankine cycle system based on phase change energy storage material heat exchange is characterized by comprising a heat source system and an ORC system, wherein the heat source system comprises a solar heat collector (1), a PCM heat reservoir (2) and a pipeline network, the pipeline network is respectively connected with the solar heat collector (1) and the PCM heat reservoir (2), a valve is arranged on the pipeline network, and the connection mode between the solar heat collector (2) and the PCM heat reservoir (2) is switched by closing and opening the valve;
the ORC system comprises an evaporator (5), an expansion machine (6), a condenser (9) and a working medium pump (8) which are sequentially connected to form a loop; the heat source system and the ORC system are thermally coupled by an evaporator (5).
2. The solar organic Rankine cycle system based on heat exchange of the phase-change energy storage material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the connection mode between the solar heat collector (1) and the PCM heat reservoir (2) comprises five modes, which are respectively: mode 1: the solar heat collector (1) is connected with the evaporator (5) in series, and only the solar heat collector (1) serves as a heat source of the evaporator (5); mode 2: the PCM heat reservoir (2) and the evaporator (5) are connected in parallel to form a loop with the solar heat collector (1), and the solar heat collector (1) is used as a heat source of the PCM heat reservoir (2) and the evaporator (5) respectively; mode 3: the solar heat collector (1) and the PCM heat reservoir (2) are connected in parallel to form a loop with the evaporator (5), and the solar heat collector (1) and the PCM heat reservoir (2) are respectively used as heat sources of the evaporator (5); mode 4: the PCM heat reservoir (2) is connected in series with the evaporator (5), and only the PCM heat reservoir (2) serves as a heat source for the evaporator (5); mode 5: the solar heat collector (1) and the PCM heat reservoir (2) are connected in series, and the solar heat collector (1) serves as a heat source of the PCM heat reservoir (2).
3. The solar organic Rankine cycle system based on heat exchange of the phase-change energy storage material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the circulating working medium in the heat source system is water, and the circulating working medium in the ORC system is a refrigerant.
4. The solar organic Rankine cycle system based on heat exchange of the phase change energy storage material as claimed in claim 3, wherein the refrigerant is R123, R245fa, R141b or R1234 ze.
5. The solar organic Rankine cycle system based on heat exchange of the phase change energy storage material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the PCM heat reservoir (2) is a cylindrical storage tank and is internally provided with 1 serpentine pipe, two sections of the serpentine pipe are respectively connected with a pipeline network, and the phase change material is tightly filled between the storage tank and the serpentine pipe.
6. The solar organic Rankine cycle system based on heat exchange of the phase-change energy storage material as claimed in claim 5, wherein the phase-change material is an inorganic phase-change heat storage material.
7. The solar organic Rankine cycle system based on heat exchange of the phase-change energy storage material according to claim 6, wherein the inorganic phase-change energy storage material is a salt hydrate, the melting point of the salt hydrate is 117 ℃, and the latent heat is 160 kJ/kg.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911049122.9A CN110848100A (en) | 2019-10-31 | 2019-10-31 | Solar organic Rankine cycle system based on heat exchange of phase change energy storage material |
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| CN201911049122.9A CN110848100A (en) | 2019-10-31 | 2019-10-31 | Solar organic Rankine cycle system based on heat exchange of phase change energy storage material |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114465577A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-05-10 | 华东交通大学 | Photovoltaic photo-thermal-based solar energy utilization device and optimal control method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114465577A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-05-10 | 华东交通大学 | Photovoltaic photo-thermal-based solar energy utilization device and optimal control method |
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