CN110842866A

CN110842866A - Special workstation of self-adaptation sheet metal size

Info

Publication number: CN110842866A
Application number: CN201911170344.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刁燕; 樊庆怡; 罗华; 杨邵勇; 黎彪; 田兴国
Original assignee: Sichuan University
Current assignee: Sichuan University
Priority date: 2019-11-26
Filing date: 2019-11-26
Publication date: 2020-02-28

Abstract

The invention discloses a special workbench adaptive to the size of a thin plate, which comprises a bottom supporting part, a composite motion mechanism part, a positioning supporting part and a clamping part. The invention provides a special workbench suitable for sheets with different sizes, which aims to overcome the defects that a universal workbench in the prior art is poor in clamping stability, low in working efficiency, inconvenient to install, incapable of realizing free adjustment of sizes of the chucks along the x direction and the y direction at the same time and the like. And corresponding positioning blocks and supporting columns are designed to realize the positioning and the supporting of the clamped thin plate.

Description

Special workstation of self-adaptation sheet metal size

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of clamps, in particular to a special workbench adaptive to the size of a thin plate.

Background

Sheet parts are common engineering products and have quite common application in the aspects of automobiles, aerospace, household appliances and metal clamps. When thin plate parts are processed, the cutting force and the elastic yielding of the thin plate are easy to aggravate the vibration of a cutting surface, so that the thickness dimensional tolerance and the surface roughness of the thin plate are difficult to guarantee, and at the moment, a proper workpiece positioning and clamping mode needs to be considered. Therefore, the design of the clamp for the sheet parts has important engineering significance.

Because the position of a part of the existing sheet clamp is changed through the integral translation workbench, and the position of the chuck cannot be changed, the position of the chuck cannot be automatically adjusted when sheets with different sizes are clamped, the clamping cannot be adaptive to the requirement of the size change of a workpiece, and the size range of the clamped part is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problem that the position of a part clamped by a clamp cannot be automatically adjusted, the invention provides a special workbench adaptive to the size of a thin plate aiming at the thin plate with the length-width ratio of less than 10.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a special workbench adaptive to the size of a thin plate comprises a bottom supporting part, a composite motion mechanism part, a positioning supporting part and a clamping part. And a composite motion mechanism is arranged on the bottom supporting part, the composite motion mechanism moves to drive the clamping part to move freely, and the positioning supporting part and the clamping part realize the clamping, positioning and supporting of the workpiece to be processed.

The workbench has the advantages of simple structure, simple and convenient operation and low manufacturing cost, and is suitable for self-adaptive clamping of thin plates with different sizes.

Preferably, the bottom support part comprises a truss, truss connecting pieces and a positioner, the truss is fixed above the positioner through the truss connecting pieces, the truss is constructed by four vertical truss beams and a plurality of horizontal truss beams and is fixedly connected through the truss connecting pieces, and the truss main body is divided into two layers, namely a truss first layer and a truss second layer.

A rectangular frame is built by using sectional materials to serve as a machine frame, and a composite motion mechanism part, a positioning part and a clamping part are supported.

The bottom supporting part is fixed on the positioner, the positioner can rotate 360 degrees in the circumferential direction, the workpiece to be machined is convenient to machine all around, the bottom supporting part is composed of a truss, the truss structure is convenient to detach and install, and the supporting workbench is placed on any plane.

Preferably, the composite motion mechanism part comprises a motion mechanism in the x direction and a motion mechanism in the y direction, the motion mechanism in the y direction connects an output shaft of a second motor with a belt pulley gear of a second linear module through a coupler, a gear at the other end of a belt pulley of the second linear module is connected with a driving shaft, the tail end of the driving shaft is connected with a belt pulley gear of a fourth linear module, and the second motor simultaneously drives the second linear module and the fourth linear module to drive the sliding block to move in the y direction;

in the movement mechanism of the composite movement mechanism part in the x direction, an output shaft of a first motor is connected with a belt pulley gear of a first linear module through a coupler, the belt pulley gear of the first linear module is connected with a composite shaft, the tail end of the composite shaft is connected with a belt pulley gear of a third linear module, and the first motor simultaneously drives the first linear module and the third linear module to move in the x direction; two ends of the first linear module are fixed on two sliding blocks of the y-direction movement mechanism and can freely move in the y direction; the composite shaft is composed of a shaft and a coupling, and torque is transmitted through splines of the shaft, and the shaft is stretched in the y direction by moving in a key groove of the shaft through the splines of the shaft.

In the composite motion mechanism part, a second motor drives belt pulley gears of a second linear module and a fourth linear module to enable the second linear module and the fourth linear module to have the same motion in the y direction; the first motor drives the belt pulley gears of the first linear module and the third linear module to enable the first linear module and the third linear module to have the same motion in the x direction; the belt wheel gear of first straight line module and third straight line module is through a compound axle and coupling joint, and compound axle can stretch out and draw back and transmit the moment of torsion in the y direction, and the both ends of first straight line module are fixed on two sliders of second straight line module and fourth straight line module, and first straight line module can carry out the free removal of y direction.

The composite motion mechanism only uses two driving motors, the problem of motor control asynchronism is avoided, the motion mechanism in the x direction is carried on the motion mechanism in the y direction, and torque is transmitted through the composite shaft which can stretch in the y direction, so that the motion mechanism in the x direction can freely move in the y direction.

Preferably, the location support part includes limit baffle and support column, limit baffle's quantity is three, be first baffle respectively, second baffle and third baffle, three limit baffle distributes three sides above the truss respectively, second baffle and third baffle are fixed on the truss, first baffle is fixed on first sharp module, first baffle can follow the motion mechanism motion of x direction and carry out the location of self-adaptation, a plurality of support columns are fixed at the truss second floor according to the sheet size, the support column plays z direction support and positioning action, limit baffle and support column constitute location support mechanism jointly.

The position of the workpiece to be machined in the x direction and the y direction is limited by the three limiting baffles, and the workpiece to be machined is supported by the support column when the workpiece to be machined is tapped and drilled in the z direction.

The limiting baffle ensures that two sides of the to-be-processed piece are always fixed at a determined position, so that the robot can process and position conveniently, and the supporting column can reduce the deformation of the thin plate in the processing process to the maximum extent.

Preferably, in the clamping part, three movable chucks are fixed on a sliding block of the compound motion mechanism, and a first movable chuck is fixed on the sliding block of the first linear module and can freely move in the x and y directions relative to the fixed chuck; the second movable chuck is fixed on the sliding block of the second linear module and can freely move in the y direction; the third movable chuck is fixed on a pulley sliding block of the third linear module and can freely move in the x direction; and the fixed chuck is fixed on the support by a first cushion block and a bolt and is only matched with the other three movable chucks to clamp the thin plate.

Wherein, the movable chuck and the fixed chuck are controlled by the electromagnetic directional valve to open and close the fingers, and the clamping action of the sheet to be processed is completed.

When the thin plate to be processed is placed on the workbench, two adjacent edges are always fixed in position due to the action of the limiting baffle, and the other two edges are changed in position due to the size difference of the thin plate. This workstation uses fixed chuck and third activity chuck to carry out the centre gripping with two fixed limits, and two other limits use the second activity chuck and can carry out the first activity chuck that x and y direction freely removed relatively fixed chuck and carry out the centre gripping.

The first movable chuck can freely move in the x and y directions relative to the fixed chuck, the second movable chuck and the third movable chuck are matched to move, the clamping of thin plates with different sizes and different thicknesses can be adapted, and the clamping part uses the pneumatic chuck, so that the clamping force can be conveniently adjusted.

Has the advantages that:

1. the invention has simple structure, simple operation and low manufacturing cost, and is suitable for the self-adaptive clamping of thin plates with different sizes.

2. The bottom support part is fixed on the positioner, the positioner can rotate in the circumferential direction by 360 degrees, the bottom support part is composed of a truss, the truss structure is convenient to detach and mount, and the support workbench is placed on any plane.

3. The composite motion mechanism part only uses two motors to drive the belt wheel structure, the two motors are simple to control and easy to synchronize and do not interfere with each other, the motion mechanism in the x direction is carried on the motion mechanism in the y direction, and torque is transmitted through the composite shaft which can stretch in the y direction, so that the motion mechanism in the x direction can move freely in the y direction.

4. The positioning device is simple in structure, self-adaptive to accurate positioning of the thin plates to be processed in different sizes, the supporting effect of the supporting columns can reduce deformation of the thin plates in the processing process to the maximum extent, and the processing precision of the thin plates is improved.

5. The first movable chuck can freely move in the x and y directions relative to the fixed chuck, the second movable chuck and the third movable chuck are matched to move, the clamping of thin plates with different sizes and different thicknesses can be adapted, and the clamping part uses the pneumatic chuck, so that the clamping force can be conveniently adjusted.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a workbench;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the distribution of the positions of the baffles and the support columns;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a collet and a slider;

fig. 4 is an exploded view of the y-direction movement axis implementation.

Reference numerals:

1. a first movable clamp; 2. a first linear module; 3. a first baffle plate; 4. a second movable clamp; 5. a truss; 6. a second linear module; 7. a second baffle; 8. fixing the chuck; 9. a first cushion block; 10. a truss attachment; 11. a position changing machine; 12. a horizontal truss beam; 13. a vertical truss beam; 14. a second layer of trusses; 15. a first layer of trusses; 16. a third baffle plate; 17. a support pillar; 18. a third linear module; 19. a slider; 20. a third movable chuck; 21. a second cushion block; 22. a first motor; 23. a fourth linear module; 24. a first shaft; 25. a second shaft; 26. a coupling; 27. a second motor; 1-1, a key groove; 1-2, clamping fingers; 1-3, a pneumatic finger; 1-4, and a cylinder.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

example 1:

fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a small and large adaptive thin plate workbench according to the present invention, which comprises a bottom support portion, a composite motion mechanism portion, a positioning support portion and a clamping portion.

The bottom supporting part comprises a truss 5, a truss connecting piece 10 and a positioner 11, and the truss 5 is fixed above the positioner 11 through the truss connecting piece 10.

The composite motion mechanism part is composed of four linear modules arranged above the support. The first linear module 2 and the third linear module 18 are connected with the composite shaft through a coupling, and share the first motor 22 as a drive to form a movement mechanism in the x direction. The second linear module 6 and the fourth linear module 23 are connected to the optical axis through a coupling, and share the second motor 27 as a drive, thereby forming a y-direction movement mechanism. The composite shaft is composed of a shaft 24, a shaft 25, and a coupling 26, and is configured to extend and contract in the y direction by transmitting torque through splines and moving the splines of the shaft 25 in the key grooves of the shaft 24. Wherein the second straight line module 6, the third straight line module 18 and the fourth straight line module 23 are fixed on the truss 5 through bolts, and the two ends of the first straight line module 2 are arranged on the two slide blocks driven by the second straight line module 6 and the fourth straight line module 23, and can move in the y direction under the drive of the y-direction movement mechanism.

The positioning support portion includes: the supporting column 17, the first baffle plate 3, the second baffle plate 7 and the third baffle plate 16; three baffles are respectively distributed on three sides of the truss 5, the second baffle 7 and the third baffle 16 are fixed on the truss, the first baffle 3 is fixed on the first linear module 2, the first baffle 3 can be self-adaptively positioned along with the movement of the movement mechanism in the x direction and is fixed on the truss 5 by bolts and nuts, and the positioning support mechanism is formed by the limit baffle and the support columns.

The clamping mechanism portion includes: the first movable chuck 1 is fixed on a sliding block of the first linear module 2, and the first movable chuck 1 can freely move in the x and y directions relative to the fixed chuck 8; the second movable chuck 4 is fixed on a slide block of the second linear module 6 and can freely move in the y direction; the third movable chuck 20 is fixed on the slide block of the third linear module 18 and can move freely in the x direction; and a fixed chuck 8 fixed on the truss 5 by a first cushion block 9 and a bolt 13 and only matched with the first movable chuck 1, the second movable chuck 4 and the third movable chuck 20 to clamp the thin plate.

Example 2:

as shown in fig. 2, the baffle and support column position distribution diagram of the adaptive thin plate large and small workbench is shown, a first baffle 3, a second baffle 7 and a third baffle 16 are respectively distributed on three sides of a truss 5, the second baffle 7 and the third baffle 16 are fixed on the truss, the first baffle 3 is fixed on a first straight line module 2, the first baffle 3 moves along with a movement mechanism in the x direction to perform adaptive positioning, the three baffles jointly realize positioning in the x and y directions of a to-be-clamped thin plate, a plurality of support columns 17 are installed on three horizontal truss beams 12 on a second layer 14 of the truss, and the baffle and the support columns can be disassembled and assembled, the number and distribution of the support columns can be adjusted according to the size and shape of the thin plate, and support and limit in the z direction of the to-be-clamped.

Example 3:

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a chuck and a sliding block of a large and small workbench of a self-adaptive thin plate, wherein clamp fingers 1-2 are connected and installed on pneumatic fingers 1-3 through bolts and nuts, the pneumatic fingers 1-3 slide up and down in key slots 1-1, and air cylinders 1-4 are fixed on the sliding block 19 through bolts. The working table comprises four pneumatic chucks shown in the figure, wherein the first movable chuck 1, the second movable chuck 4, the third movable chuck 20 and the fixed chuck 8 are controlled to open and close by fingers through an electromagnetic directional valve 31 to finish the clamping action of a sheet to be processed.

Example 4:

as shown in fig. 4, which is an exploded view of a y-direction moving shaft structure of a workbench with an adaptive thin plate size, a composite shaft is composed of a first shaft 24, a second shaft 25 and a coupling 26, torque is transmitted through splines, and the shaft extends and contracts in the y direction by moving the splines of the shaft 25 in the key grooves of the shaft 24. While the composite shaft transmits torque through the splines, the splines of the shaft 25 move in the splines of the shaft 24 to change the overall length of the composite shaft, so that the overall free movement of the x-direction movement mechanism in the y-direction in the composite movement mechanism part is realized. The clamping device is simple and reliable in structure, and can realize the self-adaption of the clamping part to the clamping of the thin plates to be processed with different sizes and different positions.

The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A special workbench adaptive to the size of a thin plate is characterized by comprising a bottom supporting part, a composite motion mechanism part, a positioning supporting part and a clamping part.

2. The adaptive thin plate size special workbench according to claim 1, wherein the bottom support part comprises a truss, truss connectors and a positioner, the truss (5) is fixed above the positioner (11) through the truss connectors (10), the truss (5) is constructed by four vertical truss beams (13) and a plurality of horizontal truss beams (12), the vertical truss beams (13) and the horizontal truss beams (12) are connected and fixed together through the truss connectors (10), and the truss body is divided into two layers, namely a truss first layer (15) and a truss second layer (14).

3. The special workbench capable of adapting to the size of a thin plate according to the claim 1, wherein the composite motion mechanism part comprises a y-direction motion mechanism and an x-direction motion mechanism, wherein the y-direction motion mechanism comprises a second motor (27), a second linear module (6), a fourth linear module (23), a coupling and a driving shaft, the output shaft of the second motor (27) is connected with the belt pulley gear of the second linear module (6) by the coupling, the other end gear of the belt pulley of the second linear module (6) is connected with the driving shaft, and the tail end of the driving shaft is connected with the belt pulley gear of the fourth linear module (23);

the x-direction movement mechanism comprises a first motor (22), a first linear module (2), a third linear module (18), a coupler (26) and a composite shaft, wherein an output shaft of the first motor (22) is connected with a belt pulley gear of the first linear module (2) through the coupler (26), the belt pulley gear of the first linear module (2) is connected with the composite shaft, and the tail end of the composite shaft is connected with a belt pulley gear of the third linear module (18); two ends of the first linear module (2) are fixed on two sliding blocks of the y-direction movement mechanism; the composite shaft comprises a shaft (24), a shaft (25) and a coupling (26), the splines of the shaft (24) moving in the splines of the shaft (25).

4. The adaptive thin plate size special workbench according to claim 1, wherein the positioning support part comprises three limit baffles and support columns, the three limit baffles are respectively a first baffle (3), a second baffle (7) and a third baffle (16), the three limit baffles are respectively arranged on three sides above the truss (5), the second baffle (7) and the third baffle (16) are fixed on the truss, the first baffle (3) is fixed on the first linear module (2), and the support columns (17) are fixed on the second layer (14) of the truss according to the size of the thin plate.

5. The adaptive sheet size dedicated work table according to claim 1, wherein the clamping part comprises three movable chucks and one fixed chuck, the movable chucks are fixed on the slide block of the compound movement mechanism, the first movable chuck (1) is fixed on the slide block of the first linear module (2); the second movable chuck (4) is fixed on the sliding block of the second linear module (6); the third movable chuck (20) is fixed on the slide block of the third linear module (18); the fixed chuck (8) is fixed on the support by a first cushion block (9) and a bolt (13).

6. The first movable chuck (1), the second movable chuck (4), the third movable chuck (20) and the fixed chuck (8) are controlled to open and close by fingers through an electromagnetic directional valve (31).