CN110842566A - Turning and milling switching mechanism and method for main shaft - Google Patents
Turning and milling switching mechanism and method for main shaft Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110842566A CN110842566A CN201911160855.XA CN201911160855A CN110842566A CN 110842566 A CN110842566 A CN 110842566A CN 201911160855 A CN201911160855 A CN 201911160855A CN 110842566 A CN110842566 A CN 110842566A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- ring
- inner ring
- outer ring
- disc
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
- B23P23/02—Machine tools for performing different machining operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
- B23P23/04—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass for both machining and other metal-working operations
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a turning and milling switching mechanism of a main shaft, which comprises a front bearing seat and a rotor, wherein the front bearing seat is internally provided with a front bearing, the front end of the front bearing seat is fixedly provided with a front cover plate, the rotor passes through the front bearing and the front cover plate, the rotor is sleeved with an inner ring disc, the outer side of the inner ring disc is sleeved with an outer ring disc, the outer ring disc is fixedly connected with the front bearing seat, the rear sides of the inner ring disc and the outer ring disc are provided with rear piston rings capable of sliding back and forth, the rear end surface of the inner ring disc is provided with a plurality of inner ring lugs, the rear end surface of the outer ring disc is provided with a plurality of outer ring lugs, the front end surface of, when the oil pressure driving mechanism drives the rear piston ring to slide forwards, the inner ring convex blocks and the outer ring convex blocks are respectively inserted into the piston clamping openings, when the oil pressure driving mechanism drives the rear piston ring to slide backwards, the rear piston ring is separated from the inner ring disc and the outer ring disc. The invention is easy to control, convenient to operate, has stronger automation performance and can avoid damaging the main shaft.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a main shaft, in particular to a turning and milling switching mechanism and a turning and milling switching method for the main shaft.
Background
The main shaft is usually used for occasions such as precision finishing, can carry out lathe work or milling process, for lathe work, it needs the main shaft to fix the lathe tool in the fixed position, utilize rotatory work piece contact lathe tool and accomplish the lathe work, for milling process, then need the main shaft to carry the high-speed operation of milling cutter and accomplish milling process, above-mentioned two kinds of processing modes, need the main shaft structure of different grade type just to realize, or utilize independent card solid device, when carrying out lathe work, fixed the rotor of main shaft, fix a position, but above-mentioned mode not only the automaticity can be relatively poor, and be not convenient for operate, in addition, the mode through external force fixed rotor causes the damage to main shaft inner structure easily, and then influences the main shaft precision, be difficult to satisfy the application demand.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a turning and milling switching mechanism and a method which are easy to control, convenient to operate, higher in automation performance and capable of avoiding damage to a main shaft, aiming at the defects of the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A turning and milling switching mechanism of a main shaft comprises a front bearing seat and a rotor, wherein a front bearing is arranged in the front bearing seat, a front cover plate is fixed at the front end of the front bearing seat, the rotor penetrates through the front bearing and the front cover plate, an inner ring disc is sleeved on the rotor and fixedly connected with the front bearing seat and the front cover plate, an outer ring disc is sleeved on the outer side of the inner ring disc, the outer ring disc is fixedly connected with the front bearing seat, the inner ring disc can rotate relative to the outer ring disc, rear piston rings capable of sliding back and forth are arranged on the rear sides of the inner ring disc and the outer ring disc and surround the rotor, a plurality of inner ring lugs are formed on the rear end face of the inner ring disc and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner ring disc, a plurality of outer ring lugs are formed on the rear end face of the outer ring disc and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer ring disc, the front end face of the rear piston ring is provided with a plurality of piston bayonets, the inner ring convex block and the outer ring convex block are respectively aligned with the plurality of piston bayonets, the front end of the front bearing seat is provided with an oil pressure driving mechanism used for driving the rear piston ring to slide forwards, when the oil pressure driving mechanism drives the rear piston ring to slide forwards, the inner ring convex block and the outer ring convex block are respectively inserted into the plurality of piston bayonets, the inner ring disc and the outer ring disc are fastened by the rear piston ring, when the oil pressure driving mechanism drives the rear piston ring to slide backwards, the rear piston ring is separated from the inner ring disc and the outer ring disc, and the rotor drives the inner ring disc to rotate.
Preferably, a rear piston cavity is formed in the front bearing seat, and the rear piston ring is located in the rear piston cavity.
Preferably, the oil pressure driving mechanism comprises a front piston inner ring and a front piston outer ring, a front piston cavity is formed in the rear end face of the front cover plate, the front piston inner ring and the front piston outer ring are both located in the front piston cavity, the front piston inner ring and the front piston outer ring can slide in the front piston cavity and back, the front piston outer ring surrounds the front piston inner ring, the front piston outer ring is aligned with the outer ring disc, the front piston inner ring is aligned with the inner ring disc, a push rod is arranged on the outer ring disc in a penetrating mode and is in sliding connection with the inner ring disc, the height of the push rod is larger than the thickness of the outer ring disc, the front end and the back end of the push rod are respectively abutted against the front piston outer ring and the back piston ring, an annular bent portion which is bent outwards is formed at the lower end of the front piston inner ring, and the annular bent portion is located below the front piston outer ring, the front bearing seat and the front cover plate are internally provided with a first oil way and a second oil way which are sequentially communicated, the first oil way is communicated with the front end cavity of the front piston outer ring, the second oil way is communicated with the rear end cavity of the rear piston ring and the rear end cavity of the front piston inner ring, wherein: when hydraulic oil with preset pressure is injected into the second oil path, the front piston inner ring is driven to slide backwards and tightly prop against the inner ring disc, and meanwhile, the rear piston ring is driven to slide forwards, so that the rear piston ring is clamped on the inner ring disc and the outer ring disc; when the first oil path is filled with hydraulic oil with preset pressure, the front piston outer ring is driven to slide backwards, the ejector rod is utilized to apply thrust to the rear piston ring, then the rear piston ring is driven to slide backwards, so that the rear piston ring is separated from the inner ring disc and the outer ring disc, and meanwhile, the front piston inner ring is driven to move forwards by means of the annular bending part of the front piston inner ring, so that the front piston inner ring and the inner ring disc are separated.
Preferably, a plurality of ejector rods penetrate through the outer ring disc and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer ring disc.
Preferably, the cross sections of the inner ring lug, the outer ring lug and the piston bayonet are trapezoidal.
Preferably, the outer sides of the front piston inner ring, the front piston outer ring and the rear piston ring are respectively sleeved with a sealing ring.
Preferably, an annular shoulder is formed on the outer side of the rotor, and an inner flange ring is formed on the inner ring end of the inner ring disc and fixedly connected with the annular shoulder.
Preferably, an outer flange ring is formed at an outer ring end of the outer ring disc, and the outer flange ring is fixedly connected with the front bearing seat.
A turning, milling and switching method of a spindle comprises a front bearing seat and a rotor, wherein a front bearing is arranged in the front bearing seat, a front cover plate is fixed at the front end of the front bearing seat, the rotor penetrates through the front bearing and the front cover plate, an inner ring disc is sleeved on the rotor and fixedly connected with the front bearing and the front cover plate, an outer ring disc is sleeved on the outer side of the inner ring disc, the outer ring disc is fixedly connected with the front bearing seat, the inner ring disc can rotate relative to the outer ring disc, rear piston rings capable of sliding back and forth are arranged on the rear sides of the inner ring disc and the outer ring disc and surround the rotor, a plurality of inner ring lugs are formed on the rear end face of the inner ring disc and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner ring disc, a plurality of outer ring lugs are formed on the rear end face of the outer ring disc and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer ring disc, the front end face of the rear piston ring is provided with a plurality of piston bayonets, the inner ring convex block and the outer ring convex block are respectively aligned with the plurality of piston bayonets, the front end of the front bearing seat is provided with an oil pressure driving mechanism for driving the rear piston ring to slide forwards and backwards, and the turning and milling switching method comprises the following steps: a turning switching step, in which the oil pressure driving mechanism is utilized to drive the rear piston ring to slide forwards in a shutdown state of the main shaft until the inner ring convex blocks and the outer ring convex blocks are respectively inserted into the piston clamping ports, the inner ring disc and the outer ring disc are fastened by the rear piston ring, so that the position of the rotor is fixed, a tool shank clamped with a turning tool is arranged at the front end of the rotor, and an external rotating device is utilized to clamp a workpiece and approach the turning tool, so that turning processing is realized; and a milling switching step, namely, under the shutdown state of the main shaft, driving the rear piston ring to slide backwards by using the oil pressure driving mechanism until the inner ring lug and the outer ring lug withdraw from the piston clamping ports, separating the rear piston ring from the inner ring disc and the outer ring disc, enabling the rotor to drive the inner ring disc to rotate, installing a cutter handle clamped with a milling cutter at the front end of the rotor, starting the main shaft, and further realizing milling.
Preferably, the oil pressure driving mechanism comprises a front piston inner ring and a front piston outer ring, a front piston cavity is formed in the rear end face of the front cover plate, the front piston inner ring and the front piston outer ring are both located in the front piston cavity, the front piston inner ring and the front piston outer ring can slide in the front piston cavity and back, the front piston outer ring surrounds the front piston inner ring, the front piston outer ring is aligned with the outer ring disc, the front piston inner ring is aligned with the inner ring disc, a push rod is arranged on the outer ring disc in a penetrating mode and is in sliding connection with the inner ring disc, the height of the push rod is larger than the thickness of the outer ring disc, the front end and the back end of the push rod are respectively abutted against the front piston outer ring and the back piston ring, an annular bent portion which is bent outwards is formed at the lower end of the front piston inner ring, and the annular bent portion is located below the front piston outer ring, the front bearing seat and the front cover plate are internally provided with a first oil way and a second oil way which are sequentially communicated, the first oil way is communicated with the front end cavity of the front piston outer ring, the second oil way is communicated with the rear end cavity of the rear piston ring and the rear end cavity of the front piston inner ring, wherein: in the turning switching step, hydraulic oil with preset pressure is injected into the second oil path, the hydraulic oil is used for driving the front piston inner ring to slide backwards and tightly prop against the inner ring disc, and meanwhile, the hydraulic oil is used for driving the rear piston ring to slide forwards until the rear piston ring is clamped between the inner ring disc and the outer ring disc; in the milling switching step, hydraulic oil with preset pressure is injected into the first oil path, the hydraulic oil is used for driving the front piston outer ring to slide backwards, the push rod is used for applying thrust to the rear piston ring, the rear piston ring is driven to slide backwards until the rear piston ring is separated from the inner ring disc and the outer ring disc, and meanwhile, the annular bending part of the front piston inner ring is used for enabling the front piston inner ring to move forwards so as to achieve disengagement of the front piston inner ring and the inner ring disc.
In the turning and milling switching mechanism of the spindle disclosed by the invention, when a turning switching step is executed, the oil pressure driving mechanism is used for driving the rear piston ring to slide forwards until the inner ring lug and the outer ring lug are respectively inserted into the piston clamping openings, the inner ring disc and the outer ring disc are fastened by the rear piston ring, so that the position of the rotor is fixed, the cutter handle clamped with the turning tool is arranged at the front end of the rotor, and an external rotating device is used for clamping a workpiece and is close to the turning tool, so that turning processing is realized; when the milling switching step is executed, under the shutdown state of the main shaft, the oil pressure driving mechanism is utilized to drive the rear piston ring to slide backwards until the inner ring lug and the outer ring lug withdraw from the piston clamping ports, the rear piston ring is separated from the inner ring disc and the outer ring disc, and meanwhile, the annular bending part of the front piston inner ring is utilized to enable the front piston inner ring to move forwards so as to realize the separation of the front piston inner ring and the inner ring disc, so that the rotor can drive the inner ring disc to rotate, a cutter handle clamped with a milling cutter is installed at the front end of the rotor, the main shaft is started, and the milling processing is realized. Compared with the prior art, the switching mechanism does not depend on an external locking mechanism when the rotor is fixed, so that the automation performance of the spindle is greatly improved, the spindle is more excellent, and the clamping teeth are uniformly distributed, so that the mechanism can perform turning and milling conversion at any position, and the original spindle conversion needs to be at a fixed position; in addition, the invention is easy to control and convenient to operate, and can prevent the rotor from bearing external force, thereby avoiding the damage of the interior of the main shaft, effectively playing a protection role and better meeting the application requirements.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first cross-sectional view of a turning and milling switching mechanism;
FIG. 2 is a second cross-sectional view of the turning and milling switching mechanism;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the inner ring plate, the outer ring plate and the rear piston ring;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the inner ring plate, the outer ring plate and the rear piston ring;
fig. 5 is a structural view of the front piston inner ring.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
Example one
The embodiment provides a turning and milling switching mechanism of a spindle, which is shown in fig. 1 to 5, and the spindle includes a front bearing seat 1 and a rotor 4, a front bearing 2 is disposed in the front bearing seat 1, a front cover plate 3 is fixed to the front end of the front bearing seat 1, the rotor 4 penetrates through the front bearing 2 and the front cover plate 3, an inner ring disc 10 is sleeved on the rotor 4 and fixedly connected with the rotor 4, an outer ring disc 11 is sleeved on the outer side of the inner ring disc 10, the outer ring disc 11 is fixedly connected with the front bearing seat 1, the inner ring disc 10 can rotate relative to the outer ring disc 11, rear piston rings 12 capable of sliding back and forth are disposed on the rear sides of the inner ring disc 10 and the outer ring disc 11, the rear piston rings 12 surround the rotor 4, a plurality of inner ring convex blocks 100 are formed on the rear end surface of the inner ring disc 10, and the plurality of inner ring convex blocks 100 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner ring disc 10, a plurality of outer ring protrusions 110 are formed on the rear end surface of the outer ring disc 11, the plurality of outer ring protrusions 110 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer ring disc 11, a plurality of piston bayonets 120 are formed on the front end surface of the rear piston ring 12, the inner ring protrusions 100 and the outer ring protrusions 110 are respectively aligned with the plurality of piston bayonets 120, an oil pressure driving mechanism 5 for driving the rear piston ring 12 to slide forward and backward is arranged at the front end of the front bearing seat 1, when the oil pressure driving mechanism 5 drives the rear piston ring 12 to slide forward, the inner ring protrusions 100 and the outer ring protrusions 110 are respectively inserted into the plurality of piston bayonets 120, the inner ring disc 10 and the outer ring disc 11 are fastened by means of the rear piston ring 12, and when the oil pressure driving mechanism 5 drives the rear piston ring 12 to slide backward, the rear piston ring 12 is separated from the inner ring disc 10 and the outer ring disc 11, the rotor 4 drives the inner ring disc 10 to rotate, and the annular bending part 500 of the front piston inner ring 50 moves the front piston inner ring forwards, so that the front piston inner ring 50 and the inner ring disc 10 are separated.
In the above structure, when the turning switching step is executed, the oil pressure driving mechanism 5 is used to drive the rear piston ring 12 to slide forward until the inner ring projection 100 and the outer ring projection 110 are respectively inserted into the plurality of piston bayonets 120 in a state that the spindle is stopped, the inner ring disc 10 and the outer ring disc 11 of the front piston inner ring 50 are fastened by the rear piston ring 12, so that the rotor 4 is fixed in position, the tool holder with the lathe tool clamped thereon is mounted at the front end of the rotor 4, and the external rotating device is used to clamp the workpiece and approach the lathe tool, thereby realizing turning; when the milling switching step is executed, in a spindle shutdown state, the oil pressure driving mechanism 5 is used for driving the rear piston ring 12 to slide backwards until the inner ring lug 100 and the outer ring lug 110 are withdrawn from the plurality of piston bayonets 120, the rear piston ring 12 is separated from the inner ring disc 10 and the outer ring disc 11, and meanwhile, the front piston inner ring is moved forwards by means of the annular bending part 500 of the front piston inner ring 50 so as to separate the front piston inner ring 50 from the inner ring disc 10, so that the rotor 4 can drive the inner ring disc 10 to rotate, a cutter handle clamped with a milling cutter is installed at the front end of the rotor 4, the spindle is started, and milling is further realized. The switching mechanism can lock the rotor 4 or loosen the rotor 4 only by controlling the front and back driving states of the oil pressure driving mechanism 5, and can quickly realize the switching between turning and milling states.
As a preferred structure, a rear piston cavity 6 is formed in the front bearing seat 1, and the rear piston ring 12 is located in the rear piston cavity 6.
In this embodiment, the oil pressure driving mechanism 5 includes a front piston inner ring 50 and a front piston outer ring 51, the rear end surface of the front cover plate 3 is provided with a front piston cavity 30, the front piston inner ring 50 and the front piston outer ring 51 are both located in the front piston cavity 30, and both the front piston inner ring 50 and the front piston outer ring 51 can slide back and forth in the front piston cavity 30, the front piston outer ring 51 surrounds the front piston inner ring 50, and the front piston outer ring 51 aligns with the outer ring disc 11, the front piston inner ring 50 aligns with the inner ring disc 10, the outer ring disc 11 is provided with a push rod 112 in a penetrating manner and is connected with the push rod 112 in a sliding manner, the height of the push rod 112 is greater than the thickness of the outer ring disc 11, and both front and rear ends of the push rod 112 respectively abut against the front piston outer ring 51 and the rear piston ring 12, the lower end of the front piston inner ring 50 is formed with an outwardly bent annular bent portion 500, the annular bent portion 500 is located below the front piston outer ring 51, a first oil path 31 and a second oil path 32 which are sequentially communicated are formed in the front bearing seat 1 and the front cover plate 3, the first oil path 31 is communicated with a front end cavity of the front piston outer ring 51, the second oil path 32 is communicated with a rear end cavity of the rear piston ring 12 and a rear end cavity of the front piston inner ring 50, wherein:
when hydraulic oil with preset pressure is injected into the second oil path 32, the front piston inner ring 50 is driven to slide backwards and tightly prop against the inner ring disc 10, and the rear piston ring 12 is driven to slide forwards, so that the rear piston ring 12 is clamped with the inner ring disc 10 and the outer ring disc 11;
when the first oil path 31 is filled with hydraulic oil with a preset pressure, the front piston outer ring 51 is driven to slide backwards, the push rod 112 is utilized to apply a thrust to the rear piston ring 12, and then the rear piston ring 12 is driven to slide backwards, so that the rear piston ring 12 is separated from the inner ring disc 10 and the outer ring disc 11, and meanwhile, the front piston inner ring is driven to move forwards by the annular bending part 500 of the front piston inner ring 50, so that the front piston inner ring 50 is separated from the inner ring disc 10.
In the above preferred structure, the oil pressure driving mechanism 5 reliably drives the rear piston ring 12 to slide back and forth, which helps the spindle to accurately perform the turning and milling switching operation.
In order to make the thrust uniform, in this embodiment, a plurality of ejector rods 112 penetrate through the outer ring disc 11, and the plurality of ejector rods 112 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer ring disc 11.
As a preferred structure, the cross-sections of the inner ring protrusion 100, the outer ring protrusion 110 and the piston bayonet 120 are trapezoidal. The shape enables the inner ring lug 100 and the outer ring lug 110 to be easily clamped into the piston bayonet 120 and easily separated from the piston bayonet 120, and the reliability and accuracy of the turning and milling switching action are further improved.
In this embodiment, the outer sides of the front piston inner ring 50, the front piston outer ring 51 and the rear piston ring 12 are respectively sleeved with a sealing ring. The sealing ring not only can play a role in sealing, but also can automatically find the center position of the front piston inner ring 50, the front piston outer ring 51 and the rear piston ring 12 by utilizing the elastic action of the sealing ring, so that the overall performance of the spindle is improved.
In the present embodiment, an annular shoulder 40 is formed on the outer side of the rotor 4, an inner flange ring 101 is formed on the inner end of the inner ring disk 10, and the inner flange ring 101 is fixedly connected to the annular shoulder 40.
In order to fix the outer ring plate 11, in this embodiment, an outer flange ring 111 is formed at an outer ring end of the outer ring plate 11, and the outer flange ring 111 is fixedly connected with the front bearing block 1.
On the basis, the embodiment also relates to a turning and milling switching method of a spindle, which is shown in fig. 1 to 5, and the spindle includes a front bearing seat 1 and a rotor 4, a front bearing 2 is arranged in the front bearing seat 1, a front cover plate 3 is fixed at the front end of the front bearing seat 1, the rotor 4 passes through the front bearing 2 and the front cover plate 3, an inner ring disc 10 is sleeved on the rotor 4 and fixedly connected with the rotor 4, an outer ring disc 11 is sleeved on the outer side of the inner ring disc 10, the outer ring disc 11 is fixedly connected with the front bearing seat 1, the inner ring disc 10 can rotate relative to the outer ring disc 11, rear piston rings 12 capable of sliding back and forth are arranged on the rear sides of the inner ring disc 10 and the outer ring disc 11, the rear piston rings 12 surround the rotor 4, a plurality of inner ring convex blocks 100 are formed on the rear end surface of the inner ring disc 10, and the plurality of inner ring convex blocks 100 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner ring disc 10, the rear end face of the outer ring disc 11 is formed with a plurality of outer ring projections 110, the plurality of outer ring projections 110 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer ring disc 11, the front end face of the rear piston ring 12 is provided with a plurality of piston bayonets 120, the inner ring projections 100 and the outer ring projections 110 are respectively aligned with the plurality of piston bayonets 120, the front end of the front bearing seat 1 is provided with an oil pressure driving mechanism 5 for driving the rear piston ring 12 to slide forward and backward, and the turning and milling switching method comprises the following steps:
a turning switching step, in which the oil pressure driving mechanism 5 is used to drive the rear piston ring 12 to slide forward in a stopped state of the spindle until the inner ring convex block 100 and the outer ring convex block 110 are respectively inserted into the plurality of piston bayonets 120, the inner ring disc 10 and the outer ring disc 11 are fastened by the rear piston ring 12 and the front piston inner ring 50, so that the rotor 4 is fixed in position, a tool shank clamped with a turning tool is mounted at the front end of the rotor 4, and an external rotating device is used to clamp a workpiece and approach the turning tool, so as to achieve turning;
and a milling switching step, in which the oil pressure driving mechanism 5 is utilized to drive the rear piston ring 12 to slide backwards until the inner ring lug 100 and the outer ring lug 110 are withdrawn from the plurality of piston bayonets 120, the rear piston ring 12 is separated from the inner ring disc 10 and the outer ring disc 11, and meanwhile, the front piston inner ring is moved forwards by means of the annular bending part 500 of the front piston inner ring 50 so as to separate the front piston inner ring 50 from the inner ring disc 10, so that the rotor 4 can drive the inner ring disc 10 to rotate, a cutter handle clamped with a milling cutter is installed at the front end of the rotor 4, the spindle is started, and milling is further realized.
In the above method, in order to accurately perform the switching operation, in this embodiment, the oil pressure driving mechanism 5 includes a front piston inner ring 50 and a front piston outer ring 51, the rear end surface of the front cover plate 3 is provided with a front piston cavity 30, the front piston inner ring 50 and the front piston outer ring 51 are both located in the front piston cavity 30, and both the front piston inner ring 50 and the front piston outer ring 51 can slide back and forth in the front piston cavity 30, the front piston outer ring 51 surrounds the front piston inner ring 50, and the front piston outer ring 51 aligns with the outer ring disc 11, the front piston inner ring 50 aligns with the inner ring disc 10, the outer ring disc 11 is provided with a push rod 112 in a penetrating manner and is slidably connected with the two, the height of the push rod 112 is greater than the thickness of the outer ring disc 11, and the front end and the rear end of the push rod 112 respectively abut against the front piston outer ring 51 and the rear piston ring 12, the lower extreme of preceding piston inner ring 50 is formed with the cyclic annular kink 500 of outside bending over, cyclic annular kink 500 is located the below of preceding piston outer loop 51, first oil circuit 31 and the second oil circuit 32 that communicate in proper order have been seted up in front bearing frame 1 and the front shroud 3, first oil circuit 31 communicate in the front end cavity of preceding piston outer loop 51, second oil circuit 32 all communicates in the rear end cavity of back piston ring 12 and the rear end cavity of preceding piston inner ring 50, wherein:
in the turning switching step, hydraulic oil with preset pressure is injected into the second oil path 32, the front piston inner ring 50 is driven by the hydraulic oil to slide backwards and tightly prop against the inner ring disc 10, and meanwhile, the rear piston ring 12 is driven by the hydraulic oil to slide forwards until the rear piston ring 12 is clamped with the inner ring disc 10 and the outer ring disc 11;
in the milling switching step, hydraulic oil with preset pressure is injected into the first oil path 31, the hydraulic oil drives the front piston outer ring 51 to slide backwards, the push rod 112 applies thrust to the rear piston ring 12, and then the rear piston ring 12 is driven to slide backwards until the rear piston ring 12 is separated from the inner ring disc 10 and the outer ring disc 11, and meanwhile, the annular bending portion 500 of the front piston inner ring 50 enables the front piston inner ring to move forwards, so that the front piston inner ring 50 and the inner ring disc 10 are separated.
Example two
In practical application, in many cases, a rotor of an electric machine needs to perform corresponding actions during operation, but in some cases, for example, during turning, the rotor needs to be fixed at a specified position, and in addition, the rotor needs to be carried by other mechanisms to rotate together, while in the existing electric machine, an external locking device is usually needed to lock the rotor, or an external power transmission device is fixed on the rotor, so that the rotor can transmit power to the other mechanisms.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present embodiment provides a rotor clutch mechanism capable of not only realizing independent rotation of a rotor, but also locking the rotor or transmitting power of the rotor to the outside, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the rotor clutch mechanism includes an inner ring disc 10 sleeved and fixed on the rotor 4, an outer ring disc 11 is sleeved on an outer side of the inner ring disc 10, the inner ring disc 10 is capable of rotating relative to the outer ring disc 11, rear piston rings 12 capable of sliding back and forth are disposed on rear sides of the inner ring disc 10 and the outer ring disc 11, the rear piston rings 12 surround the rotor 4, a plurality of inner ring projections 100 are formed on a rear end surface of the inner ring disc 10, the plurality of inner ring projections 100 are uniformly distributed along a circumferential direction of the inner ring disc 10, a plurality of outer ring projections 110 are formed on a rear end surface of the outer ring disc 11, the plurality of outer ring projections 110 are uniformly distributed along a circumferential direction of the outer ring disc 11, the front end surface of the rear piston ring 12 is provided with a plurality of piston bayonets 120, the inner ring projection 100 and the outer ring projection 110 are respectively aligned with the plurality of piston bayonets 120, when the rear piston ring 12 slides forwards, the inner ring projection 100 and the outer ring projection 110 are respectively inserted into the plurality of piston bayonets 120, the inner ring disc 10 and the outer ring disc 11 are fastened by the rear piston ring 12, and when the rear piston ring 12 slides backwards, the rear piston ring 12 is separated from the inner ring disc 10 and the outer ring disc 11.
In the above mechanism, the rear piston ring 12 can be driven to slide back and forth by a preset driving mechanism, and when the rear piston ring 12 slides forward, the rear piston ring 12 can be fastened between the inner ring plate 10 and the outer ring plate 11, in this state: 1. if the outer ring disc 11 is fixed at a designated position, the inner ring disc 10 and the rotor 4 are positioned, so that the rotor 4 cannot rotate, and the method can be applied to machining occasions such as turning and the like; 2. if other processing mechanisms are installed on the outer ring disc 11, the rotor 4 can be used to drive the outer ring disc 11 and the processing mechanisms installed on the outer ring disc 11 to rotate together, and then power transmission is completed. When the rear piston ring 12 slides backward, the rotor 4 is independently rotated due to the separation of the rear piston ring 12 from the inner ring disc 10 and the outer ring disc 11, and at this time, high-speed rotational processing such as milling can be performed by using a processing mechanism installed on the rotor 4. In the mechanism, the rotor can independently rotate, lock or transmit power outwards and other working states can be realized only by controlling the rear piston ring 12 to slide forwards or backwards, and further the processing requirements on various occasions are met.
The specific application process of the embodiment can refer to the following scenarios:
in scenario 1, when the outer ring disc 11 is fixed to a housing, a support, or the like, the inner ring disc 10 and the rotor 4 cannot rotate by driving the rear piston ring 12 to be clamped to the inner ring disc 10 and the outer ring disc 11, and at this time, a turning tool can be mounted on the rotor 4, and an external rotating device is used to clamp a workpiece and approach the turning tool, so as to achieve turning;
in scenario 2, after the rear piston ring 12 is driven to separate from the inner ring disc 10 and the outer ring disc 11, the rotor 4 can rotate independently, and a milling cutter mounted on the rotor 4 can be used for milling a workpiece;
in the scenario 3, the outer ring disc 11 is set as a free rotation mechanism, for example, a polishing mechanism and the like are mounted on the outer ring disc 11, and when the rear piston ring 12 is clamped between the inner ring disc 10 and the outer ring disc 11, the rotor 4 can be used to drive the outer ring disc 11 and the polishing mechanism to rotate together, so as to complete the work such as polishing, and in this scenario, a user can perform the processing such as polishing and the like without taking off a cutter on the rotor 4, which is helpful for realizing the rapid conversion of different processing states.
All of the above 3 scenarios belong to the flexible application of the present embodiment, but in practical application, taking the spindle as an example, it is preferable to fix the outer ring disc 11 to a front bearing seat of the spindle, so as to fix the rotor 4, and further implement the turning and milling actions of the spindle.
Preferably, the inner ring protrusions 100 and the outer ring protrusions 110 may be staggered or distributed side by side.
In order to facilitate the engagement and disengagement, in this embodiment, the cross sections of the inner ring protrusion 100, the outer ring protrusion 110, and the piston bayonet 120 are trapezoidal.
In order to facilitate mounting and fixing, in the present embodiment, the inner ring end of the inner ring disk 10 is formed with an inner flange ring 101 for fixedly connecting with the rotor 4.
Preferably, the outer annular end of the outer annular disc 11 is formed with an outer flange ring 111.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements made within the technical scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A turning and milling switching mechanism of a main shaft comprises a front bearing seat (1) and a rotor (4), wherein a front bearing (2) is arranged in the front bearing seat (1), a front cover plate (3) is fixed at the front end of the front bearing seat (1), the rotor (4) penetrates through the front bearing (2) and the front cover plate (3), the turning and milling switching mechanism is characterized in that an inner ring disc (10) and a front cover plate (3) are sleeved on the rotor (4), an outer ring disc (11) is sleeved on the outer side of the inner ring disc (10), the outer ring disc (11) is fixedly connected with the front bearing seat (1), the inner ring disc (10) can rotate relative to the outer ring disc (11), rear piston rings (12) capable of sliding back and forth are arranged on the rear sides of the inner ring disc (10) and the outer ring disc (11), and the rear piston rings (12) are surrounded on the rotor (4), the rear end face of the inner ring disc (10) is provided with a plurality of inner ring lugs (100), the inner ring lugs (100) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner ring disc (10), the rear end face of the outer ring disc (11) is provided with a plurality of outer ring lugs (110), the outer ring lugs (110) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer ring disc (11), the front end face of the rear piston ring (12) is provided with a plurality of piston bayonets (120), the inner ring lugs (100) and the outer ring lugs (110) are respectively aligned with the piston bayonets (120), the front end of the front bearing seat (1) is provided with an oil pressure driving mechanism (5) for driving the rear piston ring (12) to slide forwards, and when the oil pressure driving mechanism (5) drives the rear piston ring (12) to slide forwards, the inner ring lugs (100) and the outer ring lugs (110) are respectively inserted into the piston bayonets (120), the inner ring disc (10) and the outer ring disc (11) are fastened through the rear piston ring (12), when the oil pressure driving mechanism (5) drives the rear piston ring (12) to slide backwards, the rear piston ring (12) is separated from the inner ring disc (10) and the outer ring disc (11), and the rotor (4) drives the inner ring disc (10) to rotate.
2. The turning and milling switching mechanism of a spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that a rear piston chamber (6) is opened in the front bearing seat (1), the rear piston ring (12) being located in the rear piston chamber (6).
3. The turning and milling switching mechanism of the spindle according to claim 2, wherein the oil pressure driving mechanism (5) comprises a front piston inner ring (50) and a front piston outer ring (51), a front piston cavity (30) is opened on the rear end surface of the front cover plate (3), the front piston inner ring (50) and the front piston outer ring (51) are both located in the front piston cavity (30), the front piston inner ring (50) and the front piston outer ring (51) are both capable of sliding back and forth in the front piston cavity (30), the front piston outer ring (51) surrounds the front piston inner ring (50), the front piston outer ring (51) is aligned with the outer ring plate (11), the front piston inner ring (50) is aligned with the inner ring plate (10), a mandril (112) is penetrated through the outer ring plate (11) and is connected with the outer ring plate in a sliding manner, and the height of the mandril (112) is greater than the thickness of the outer ring plate (11), and the front end and the rear end of the ejector rod (112) are respectively abutted to the front piston outer ring (51) and the rear piston ring (12), an annular bent part (500) which is bent outwards is formed at the lower end of the front piston inner ring (50), the annular bent part (500) is positioned below the front piston outer ring (51), a first oil way (31) and a second oil way (32) which are sequentially communicated are arranged in the front bearing seat (1) and the front cover plate (3), the first oil way (31) is communicated with the front end cavity of the front piston outer ring (51), and the second oil way (32) is communicated with the rear end cavity of the rear piston ring (12) and the rear end cavity of the front piston inner ring (50), wherein:
when hydraulic oil with preset pressure is injected into the second oil path (32), the front piston inner ring (50) is driven to slide backwards and tightly prop against the inner ring disc (10), and meanwhile, the rear piston ring (12) is driven to slide forwards, so that the rear piston ring (12) is clamped on the inner ring disc (10) and the outer ring disc (11);
when hydraulic oil with preset pressure is injected into the first oil path (31), the front piston outer ring (51) is driven to slide backwards, the ejector rod (112) is utilized to apply thrust to the rear piston ring (12), the rear piston ring (12) is driven to slide backwards, the rear piston ring (12) is separated from the inner ring disc (10) and the outer ring disc (11), and meanwhile, the front piston inner ring is driven to move forwards by means of the annular bending part (500) of the front piston inner ring (50), so that the front piston inner ring (50) is separated from the inner ring disc (10).
4. The turning and milling switching mechanism of the main shaft according to claim 3, characterized in that a plurality of ejector rods (112) are arranged on the outer ring disc (11) in a penetrating manner, and the plurality of ejector rods (112) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer ring disc (11).
5. The turning and milling switching mechanism of a spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner ring cam (100), the outer ring cam (110) and the piston bayonet (120) are trapezoidal in cross section.
6. The turning and milling switching mechanism of a spindle according to claim 3, characterized in that the outer sides of the front piston inner ring (50), the front piston outer ring (51) and the rear piston ring (12) are respectively sleeved with a sealing ring.
7. The turning and milling switching mechanism of a spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor (4) is formed on its outer side with an annular shoulder (40), and the inner ring disk (10) is formed on its inner ring end with an inner flange ring (101), the inner flange ring (101) being fixedly connected to the annular shoulder (40).
8. The turning and milling switching mechanism of the main shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that an outer flange ring (111) is formed at an outer annular end of the outer annular disc (11), and the outer flange ring (111) is fixedly connected with the front bearing seat (1).
9. The turning and milling switching method of the spindle is characterized in that the spindle comprises a front bearing seat (1) and a rotor (4), a front bearing (2) is arranged in the front bearing seat (1), a front cover plate (3) is fixed at the front end of the front bearing seat (1), the rotor (4) penetrates through the front bearing (2) and the front cover plate (3), an inner ring disc (10) is sleeved on the rotor (4) and fixedly connected with the rotor (4), an outer ring disc (11) is sleeved on the outer side of the inner ring disc (10), the outer ring disc (11) is fixedly connected with the front bearing seat (1), the inner ring disc (10) can rotate relative to the outer ring disc (11), rear piston rings (12) capable of sliding back and forth are arranged on the rear sides of the inner ring disc (10) and the outer ring disc (11), and the rear piston rings (12) encircle the rotor (4), the rear end face of the inner ring disc (10) is provided with a plurality of inner ring lugs (100), the inner ring lugs (100) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner ring disc (10), the rear end face of the outer ring disc (11) is provided with a plurality of outer ring lugs (110), the outer ring lugs (110) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer ring disc (11), the front end face of the rear piston ring (12) is provided with a plurality of piston bayonets (120), the inner ring lugs (100) and the outer ring lugs (110) are respectively aligned with the piston bayonets (120), the front end of the front bearing seat (1) is provided with an oil pressure driving mechanism (5) for driving the rear piston ring (12) to slide forwards and backwards, and the turning and milling switching method comprises the following steps:
a turning switching step, in which the rear piston ring (12) is driven to slide forwards by the oil pressure driving mechanism (5) in a spindle halt state until the inner ring lug (100) and the outer ring lug (110) are respectively inserted into the plurality of piston bayonets (120), the inner ring disc (10) and the outer ring disc (11) are fastened by the rear piston ring (12), so that the rotor (4) is fixed in position, a tool shank clamped with a turning tool is installed at the front end of the rotor (4), and a workpiece is clamped by external rotating equipment and close to the turning tool, so that turning is realized;
and a milling switching step, namely, under the shutdown state of the main shaft, driving the rear piston ring (12) to slide backwards by using the oil pressure driving mechanism (5) until the inner ring lug (100) and the outer ring lug (110) are withdrawn from the plurality of piston bayonets (120), separating the rear piston ring (12) from the inner ring disc (10) and the outer ring disc (11), driving the inner ring disc (10) to rotate by the rotor (4), installing a cutter handle clamped with a milling cutter at the front end of the rotor (4), starting the main shaft, and further realizing milling.
10. The turning and milling switching method of the spindle according to claim 9, wherein the oil pressure driving mechanism (5) comprises a front piston inner ring (50) and a front piston outer ring (51), a front piston cavity (30) is opened on the rear end surface of the front cover plate (3), the front piston inner ring (50) and the front piston outer ring (51) are both located in the front piston cavity (30), the front piston inner ring (50) and the front piston outer ring (51) are both capable of sliding back and forth in the front piston cavity (30), the front piston outer ring (51) surrounds the front piston inner ring (50), the front piston outer ring (51) is aligned with the outer ring plate (11), the front piston inner ring (50) is aligned with the inner ring plate (10), a mandril (112) is penetrated on the outer ring plate (11) and is connected with the front piston outer ring plate in a sliding manner, and the height of the mandril (112) is greater than the thickness of the outer ring plate (11), and the front end and the rear end of the ejector rod (112) are respectively abutted to the front piston outer ring (51) and the rear piston ring (12), an annular bent part (500) which is bent outwards is formed at the lower end of the front piston inner ring (50), the annular bent part (500) is positioned below the front piston outer ring (51), a first oil way (31) and a second oil way (32) which are sequentially communicated are arranged in the front bearing seat (1) and the front cover plate (3), the first oil way (31) is communicated with the front end cavity of the front piston outer ring (51), and the second oil way (32) is communicated with the rear end cavity of the rear piston ring (12) and the rear end cavity of the front piston inner ring (50), wherein:
in the turning switching step, hydraulic oil with preset pressure is injected into the second oil path (32), the front piston inner ring (50) is driven by the hydraulic oil to slide backwards and tightly prop against the inner ring disc (10), and meanwhile, the rear piston ring (12) is driven by the hydraulic oil to slide forwards until the rear piston ring (12) is clamped on the inner ring disc (10) and the outer ring disc (11);
in the milling switching step, hydraulic oil with preset pressure is injected into the first oil path (31), the front piston outer ring (51) is driven to slide backwards by the hydraulic oil, thrust is applied to the rear piston ring (12) by the ejector rod (112), and then the rear piston ring (12) is driven to slide backwards until the rear piston ring (12) is separated from the inner ring disc (10) and the outer ring disc (11).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911160855.XA CN110842566A (en) | 2019-11-23 | 2019-11-23 | Turning and milling switching mechanism and method for main shaft |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911160855.XA CN110842566A (en) | 2019-11-23 | 2019-11-23 | Turning and milling switching mechanism and method for main shaft |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110842566A true CN110842566A (en) | 2020-02-28 |
Family
ID=69604193
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911160855.XA Pending CN110842566A (en) | 2019-11-23 | 2019-11-23 | Turning and milling switching mechanism and method for main shaft |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110842566A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113001183A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-22 | 深圳市爱贝科精密工业股份有限公司 | Turning and milling combined type high-rigidity clutch mechanism |
| CN114147245A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-03-08 | 深圳市爱贝科精密工业股份有限公司 | Built-in brake mechanism for lathe spindle |
| CN115122133A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-09-30 | 深圳市爱贝科精密工业股份有限公司 | Be applied to electric main shaft of five-axis linkage lathe |
| CN117583897A (en) * | 2024-01-17 | 2024-02-23 | 深圳市爱贝科精密工业股份有限公司 | Main shaft turning mode and milling mode conversion system and control method |
-
2019
- 2019-11-23 CN CN201911160855.XA patent/CN110842566A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113001183A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-22 | 深圳市爱贝科精密工业股份有限公司 | Turning and milling combined type high-rigidity clutch mechanism |
| CN113001183B (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2022-01-18 | 深圳市爱贝科精密工业股份有限公司 | Turning and milling combined type high-rigidity clutch mechanism |
| CN114147245A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-03-08 | 深圳市爱贝科精密工业股份有限公司 | Built-in brake mechanism for lathe spindle |
| CN115122133A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-09-30 | 深圳市爱贝科精密工业股份有限公司 | Be applied to electric main shaft of five-axis linkage lathe |
| CN115122133B (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2024-04-05 | 深圳市爱贝科精密工业股份有限公司 | Electric spindle applied to five-axis linkage machine tool |
| CN117583897A (en) * | 2024-01-17 | 2024-02-23 | 深圳市爱贝科精密工业股份有限公司 | Main shaft turning mode and milling mode conversion system and control method |
| CN117583897B (en) * | 2024-01-17 | 2024-04-05 | 深圳市爱贝科精密工业股份有限公司 | Main shaft turning mode and milling mode conversion system and control method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110842566A (en) | Turning and milling switching mechanism and method for main shaft | |
| CN110434400B (en) | Reciprocating saw blade mounting device and reciprocating saw | |
| CN107999824B (en) | Power tool | |
| US11801561B2 (en) | Tool turret | |
| CN110860934A (en) | Rotor clutch mechanism | |
| RU2004137796A (en) | METHOD FOR ROTATING A ROTATING TOOL AND A TOOL FOR MECHANICAL PROCESSING | |
| CN211361315U (en) | Turning and milling switching mechanism of main shaft | |
| CN210231567U (en) | Compensation type power chuck | |
| CN109128948B (en) | Production fixture for balance shaft of automobile engine | |
| CN211219818U (en) | Rotor clutch mechanism | |
| JPH07246506A (en) | Turret device | |
| US6615466B1 (en) | Tool head with spindle bearing arrangement | |
| CN110465821B (en) | Method for quickly changing tool | |
| CN110405237A (en) | A kind of fixation device when ammunition powder column forms | |
| CN217072087U (en) | Clamping jig and automation equipment | |
| CN216929821U (en) | Rotor press-in device | |
| CA2342973C (en) | Chuck unit for automatic machine tools, designed to perform both power tasks and finishing work | |
| CN210452754U (en) | Pneumatic clamping device | |
| CN212286715U (en) | Radial elastic clamping mechanism for shaft parts | |
| CN110076600B (en) | Numerical control machine tool machining center anchor clamps | |
| CN110869151B (en) | Tool changer, machine tool having such a tool changer and associated method | |
| US3150878A (en) | Hollow spindle tool clamp | |
| KR101017630B1 (en) | Hydraulic chuck construction for priction welding | |
| CN210818381U (en) | Multifunctional machine tool for processing water meter shell | |
| CN110936157B (en) | Auxiliary device for installing cutter shaft and cutter for milling machine |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| CB02 | Change of applicant information | ||
| CB02 | Change of applicant information |
Address after: 518111 1st and 2nd floors, building A6, silicon valley power intelligent terminal Industrial Park, No.20, Dafu Industrial Zone, Aobei community, Guanlan street, Longhua District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Applicant after: Shenzhen aibeike Precision Industry Co.,Ltd. Address before: 518111 2nd floor, building A6, silicon valley power intelligent terminal Industrial Park, 20 Dafu Industrial Zone, Aobei community, Guanlan street, Longhua New District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Applicant before: SHENZHEN ABIG PRECISION MACHINERY Co.,Ltd. |