CN110842016A - Rapid remediation method for heavy metal polluted farmland - Google Patents
Rapid remediation method for heavy metal polluted farmland Download PDFInfo
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- CN110842016A CN110842016A CN201911147208.5A CN201911147208A CN110842016A CN 110842016 A CN110842016 A CN 110842016A CN 201911147208 A CN201911147208 A CN 201911147208A CN 110842016 A CN110842016 A CN 110842016A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid remediation method for heavy metal contaminated farmland, which comprises the steps of firstly treating ethanol-making straw waste residues with subcritical water to improve the porosity and specific surface area of the straw waste residues; and then carrying out ultrasonic crushing on the soil, concentrating to obtain superfine powder filtrate, adding the mixed microbial inoculum into the superfine powder filtrate to obtain a soil remediation solution, diluting the soil remediation solution, spraying the diluted soil remediation solution in an unmanned aerial vehicle spraying mode, then turning over, planting transition plants, and ensuring that the land is not vacant during remediation. The soil remediation agent mainly comprises ethanol straw waste residues and a mixed microbial inoculum, wherein the ethanol straw waste residues mainly play a role of a carrier and an adsorbent, and the addition of the heavy metal-resistant rhizobium HZ76 can produce indoleacetic acid, thereby being beneficial to promoting plant growth and further improving the adsorption effect on heavy metals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of farmland restoration, in particular to a rapid restoration method for a heavy metal polluted farmland.
Background
Heavy metal contamination refers to environmental contamination caused by heavy metals or compounds thereof. Mainly caused by human factors such as mining, waste gas discharge, sewage irrigation, use of products with heavy metals exceeding standards and the like. Soil remediation is a technical measure to restore normal function to contaminated soil. In the soil remediation industry, the existing soil remediation technologies can be more than one hundred, the common technologies can be more than ten, and the existing soil remediation technologies can be roughly divided into three methods, namely physical methods, chemical methods and biological methods. Since the 80 s in the 20 th century, many countries in the world, especially developed countries, have established and developed contaminated soil remediation and remediation programs, thus forming an emerging soil remediation industry.
The traditional method for repairing the heavy metal polluted farmland has poor repairing effect and long repairing time, so that a rapid repairing method for the heavy metal polluted farmland needs to be researched.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a rapid remediation method for a heavy metal polluted farmland.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a rapid remediation method for heavy metal contaminated farmland comprises the following steps:
A. treating the waste residues of the straw for preparing the ethanol with subcritical water so as to improve the porosity and the specific surface area of the waste residues;
B. carrying out ultrasonic crushing on the straw waste residue for preparing ethanol: water is used as a solvent, the ultrasonic power is 1200-1500W, and the ratio of material to liquid is 1: (8-15) further performing ultrasonic crushing for 30-40min under the condition of ultrasonic wave, sieving with a 800-mesh sieve, and concentrating until the solid content is 10-15% to obtain a filtrate;
C. adding a pseudomonas microbial inoculum, an inobacter oxydans microbial inoculum and a heavy metal-resistant rhizobium microbial inoculum into the filtrate to obtain a soil remediation agent;
D. diluting the soil remediation agent, uniformly stirring, and preparing into a spraying liquid;
E. setting an unmanned plane program by adopting an unmanned plane programming mode, and spraying target soil;
F. after spraying for 48-60 hours, ploughing the soil under the condition of no rainwater, wherein the ploughing depth is 20-30 cm;
G. and (5) planting transition plants to ensure that the land is not vacant during the restoration period.
Preferably, in the step B, after the ethanol-making straw waste residue is subjected to ultrasonic crushing, the filter residue which is sieved by a 800-mesh sieve is mixed with the ethanol-making straw waste residue in the step A, and then the mixture is subjected to ultrasonic crushing again.
Preferably, in the step C, the heavy metal-resistant rhizobium is a bradyrhizobium HZ76 disclosed in chinese patent CN104498410A, and the preservation number is: CCTCC NO: m2014667.
Preferably, in the step C, the concentration of the pseudomonas bacterial agent in the pseudomonas bacterial agent, the inobacter oxydans bacterial agent and the heavy metal-resistant rhizobium bacterial agent is (1-9) x108CFU/mL, the concentration of the inobacter oxydans bacterial agent is (1-9) x108The concentration of the CFU/mL heavy metal-resistant rhizobium inoculant is (1-9) x106CFU/mL。
Preferably, in the step D, the soil remediation agent and water are mixed in a ratio of 1: (50-80) diluting.
Preferably, in the step G, the transition plant is a heavy metal-resistant inedible plant.
Preferably, the spraying amount of the diluted soil remediation agent is 10-15L/mu.
The invention has the advantages that: the method for quickly repairing the heavy metal polluted farmland comprises the following steps of firstly treating the waste residues of the straw for preparing the ethanol with subcritical water so as to improve the porosity and the specific surface area of the straw for preparing the ethanol; and then carrying out ultrasonic crushing on the soil, concentrating to obtain superfine powder filtrate, adding the mixed microbial inoculum into the superfine powder filtrate to obtain a soil remediation solution, diluting the soil remediation solution, spraying the diluted soil remediation solution in an unmanned aerial vehicle spraying mode, then turning over, planting transition plants, and ensuring that the land is not vacant during remediation. The soil remediation agent mainly comprises ethanol straw waste residues and a mixed microbial inoculum, wherein the ethanol straw waste residues mainly play a role of a carrier and an adsorbent, and the addition of the heavy metal-resistant rhizobium HZ76 can produce indoleacetic acid, thereby being beneficial to promoting plant growth and further improving the adsorption effect on heavy metals.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A rapid remediation method for heavy metal contaminated farmland comprises the following steps:
A. treating the waste residues of the straw for preparing the ethanol with subcritical water so as to improve the porosity and the specific surface area of the waste residues;
B. carrying out ultrasonic crushing on the straw waste residue for preparing ethanol: water is used as a solvent, the ultrasonic power is 1280W, and the material-liquid ratio is 1: 12, further carrying out ultrasonic crushing for 35min, sieving by a 800-mesh sieve, and concentrating until the solid content is 10.8% to obtain a filtrate;
C. adding a pseudomonas microbial inoculum, an inobacter oxydans microbial inoculum and a heavy metal-resistant rhizobium microbial inoculum into the filtrate to obtain a soil remediation agent;
D. diluting the soil remediation agent, uniformly stirring, and preparing into a spraying liquid;
E. setting an unmanned plane program by adopting an unmanned plane programming mode, and spraying target soil;
F. after spraying for 48-60 hours, ploughing the soil under the condition of no rainwater, wherein the ploughing depth is 20-30 cm;
G. and (5) planting transition plants to ensure that the land is not vacant during the restoration period.
And in the step B, after the ethanol-making straw waste residue is subjected to ultrasonic crushing, mixing the filter residue which is sieved by a 800-mesh sieve with the ethanol-making straw waste residue in the step A, and then performing ultrasonic crushing again.
In the step C, the heavy metal-resistant rhizobium is Mesorhizobium HZ76 disclosed in Chinese patent CN104498410A, and the preservation number is as follows: CCTCC NO: m2014667.
In the step C, the concentration of the pseudomonas microbial inoculum in the pseudomonas microbial inoculum, the inobacter oxydans microbial inoculum and the heavy metal-resistant rhizobium microbial inoculum is 5x108CFU/mL, concentration of inobacter oxydans inoculum of 3x108The concentration of the CFU/mL heavy metal-resistant rhizobium inoculant is 8x106CFU/mL。
In the step D, mixing the soil remediation agent and water in a ratio of 1: and 65 diluting.
Example 2
A rapid remediation method for heavy metal contaminated farmland comprises the following steps:
A. treating the waste residues of the straw for preparing the ethanol with subcritical water so as to improve the porosity and the specific surface area of the waste residues;
B. carrying out ultrasonic crushing on the straw waste residue for preparing ethanol: water is used as a solvent, the ultrasonic power is 1500W, and the material-liquid ratio is 1: 8, further carrying out ultrasonic crushing for 40min, sieving by a 800-mesh sieve, and concentrating until the solid content is 10% to obtain a filtrate;
C. adding a pseudomonas microbial inoculum, an inobacter oxydans microbial inoculum and a heavy metal-resistant rhizobium microbial inoculum into the filtrate to obtain a soil remediation agent;
D. diluting the soil remediation agent, uniformly stirring, and preparing into a spraying liquid;
E. setting an unmanned plane program by adopting an unmanned plane programming mode, and spraying target soil;
F. after spraying for 48-60 hours, ploughing the soil under the condition of no rainwater, wherein the ploughing depth is 20-30 cm;
G. and (5) planting transition plants to ensure that the land is not vacant during the restoration period.
And in the step B, after the ethanol-making straw waste residue is subjected to ultrasonic crushing, mixing the filter residue which is sieved by a 800-mesh sieve with the ethanol-making straw waste residue in the step A, and then performing ultrasonic crushing again.
In the step C, the heavy metal-resistant rhizobium is Mesorhizobium HZ76 disclosed in Chinese patent CN104498410A, and the preservation number is as follows: CCTCC NO: m2014667.
In the step C, the concentration of the pseudomonas microbial inoculum in the pseudomonas microbial inoculum, the inobacter oxydans microbial inoculum and the heavy metal-resistant rhizobium microbial inoculum is 9x108CFU/mL, concentration of inobacter oxydans inoculum of 1x108The concentration of the CFU/mL heavy metal-resistant rhizobium inoculant is 9x106CFU/mL。
In the step D, mixing the soil remediation agent and water in a ratio of 1: and (5) diluting by 80.
Example 3
A rapid remediation method for heavy metal contaminated farmland comprises the following steps:
A. treating the waste residues of the straw for preparing the ethanol with subcritical water so as to improve the porosity and the specific surface area of the waste residues;
B. carrying out ultrasonic crushing on the straw waste residue for preparing ethanol: water is used as a solvent, the ultrasonic power is 1200W, and the material-liquid ratio is 1: 15, further carrying out ultrasonic crushing for 30min, sieving by a 800-mesh sieve, and concentrating until the solid content is 15% to obtain a filtrate;
C. adding a pseudomonas microbial inoculum, an inobacter oxydans microbial inoculum and a heavy metal-resistant rhizobium microbial inoculum into the filtrate to obtain a soil remediation agent;
D. diluting the soil remediation agent, uniformly stirring, and preparing into a spraying liquid;
E. setting an unmanned plane program by adopting an unmanned plane programming mode, and spraying target soil;
F. after spraying for 48-60 hours, ploughing the soil under the condition of no rainwater, wherein the ploughing depth is 20-30 cm;
G. and (5) planting transition plants to ensure that the land is not vacant during the restoration period.
And in the step B, after the ethanol-making straw waste residue is subjected to ultrasonic crushing, mixing the filter residue which is sieved by a 800-mesh sieve with the ethanol-making straw waste residue in the step A, and then performing ultrasonic crushing again.
In the step C, the heavy metal-resistant rhizobium is Mesorhizobium HZ76 disclosed in Chinese patent CN104498410A, and the preservation number is as follows: CCTCC NO: m2014667.
In the step C, the concentration of the pseudomonas microbial inoculum in the pseudomonas microbial inoculum, the inobacter oxydans microbial inoculum and the heavy metal-resistant rhizobium microbial inoculum is 1x108CFU/mL, the concentration of the inobacter oxydans inoculum is 9x108The concentration of the CFU/mL heavy metal-resistant rhizobium inoculant is 1x106CFU/mL。
In the step D, mixing the soil remediation agent and water in a ratio of 1: and (5) diluting by 50.
Comparative example 1
The heavy metal-resistant rhizobium inoculant is removed, and the rest proportion and the preparation method are unchanged.
Comparative example 2
Removing the waste residues of the straw for preparing the ethanol, and keeping the rest proportion and the preparation method unchanged.
By adopting the rapid restoration method of the embodiment 1-3 and the comparative example 1-2, the farmland polluted by heavy metals is restored, the contents of Cr, Pb, Cd, Hg and Cu in the soil before restoration are respectively 38.5mg/kg, 83.2mg/kg, 32.1mg/kg, 18.2mg/kg and 176.4mg/kg, the planted plants are ilex, the spraying amount of the diluted soil restoration agent is 12L/mu, each spraying amount is 5 mu, the heavy metal content in the soil after restoration for 6 months is detected (one detection point is taken per mu, and the average value of 5 mu is taken), and the specific data are shown in Table 1.
Table 1: comparing the data of the repairing effect by adopting the rapid repairing method of the embodiment 1-3 and the comparative example 1-2;
| Cr(mg/kg) | Pb(mg/kg) | Cd(mg/kg) | Hg(mg/kg) | Cu(mg/kg) | |
| example 1 | 3.8 | 7.9 | 2.4 | 1.2 | 9.3 |
| Example 2 | 4.1 | 8.5 | 2.7 | 1.3 | 9.7 |
| Example 3 | 3.2 | 7.1 | 2.2 | 1.0 | 7.9 |
| Comparative example 1 | 6.8 | 24.9 | 4.9 | 3.8 | 28.6 |
| Comparative example 2 | 11.8 | 31.2 | 10.8 | 8.7 | 44.5 |
According to the test data, the heavy metal polluted farmland repaired by the rapid repairing method has a very good repairing effect.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A rapid remediation method for heavy metal contaminated farmland is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. treating the waste residues of the straw for preparing the ethanol with subcritical water so as to improve the porosity and the specific surface area of the waste residues;
B. carrying out ultrasonic crushing on the straw waste residue for preparing ethanol: water is used as a solvent, the ultrasonic power is 1200-1500W, and the ratio of material to liquid is 1: (8-15) further performing ultrasonic crushing for 30-40min under the condition of ultrasonic wave, sieving with a 800-mesh sieve, and concentrating until the solid content is 10-15% to obtain a filtrate;
C. adding a pseudomonas microbial inoculum, an inobacter oxydans microbial inoculum and a heavy metal-resistant rhizobium microbial inoculum into the filtrate to obtain a soil remediation agent;
D. diluting the soil remediation agent, uniformly stirring, and preparing into a spraying liquid;
E. setting an unmanned plane program by adopting an unmanned plane programming mode, and spraying target soil;
F. after spraying for 48-60 hours, ploughing the soil under the condition of no rainwater, wherein the ploughing depth is 20-30 cm;
G. and (5) planting transition plants to ensure that the land is not vacant during the restoration period.
2. The method for rapidly remediating the heavy metal contaminated farmland as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step B, the ethanol-making straw waste residue is ultrasonically crushed, and then the filter residue which is sieved by a 800-mesh sieve is mixed with the ethanol-making straw waste residue in the step A and then is ultrasonically crushed again.
3. The method for rapidly remediating a heavy metal contaminated farmland as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step C, the heavy metal-resistant rhizobium is Mesorhizobium HZ76 disclosed in Chinese patent CN104498410A with the preservation number: CCTCC NO: m2014667.
4. The method for rapidly remediating a heavy metal contaminated farmland as claimed in claim 1, wherein in said step C, the concentration of the pseudomonas bacterial agent in the pseudomonas bacterial agent, the inobacter oxydans bacterial agent and the heavy metal resistant rhizobium bacterial agent is (1-9) x108 CFU/mL, the concentration of the inobacter oxydans bacterial agent is (1-9) x108 CFU/mL, and the concentration of the heavy metal resistant rhizobium bacterial agent is (1-9) x106 CFU/mL.
5. The method for rapidly remediating a heavy metal contaminated farmland as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step D, the soil remediation agent and water are mixed in a ratio of 1: (50-80) diluting.
6. The method for rapidly remediating a heavy metal contaminated farmland as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step G, the transition plants are heavy metal-resistant inedible plants.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the amount of the diluted soil remediation agent sprayed is 10-15L/mu.
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