CN110838895A - Differential chaotic communication method and system based on polarization code - Google Patents

Differential chaotic communication method and system based on polarization code Download PDF

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CN110838895A
CN110838895A CN201911188521.3A CN201911188521A CN110838895A CN 110838895 A CN110838895 A CN 110838895A CN 201911188521 A CN201911188521 A CN 201911188521A CN 110838895 A CN110838895 A CN 110838895A
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code
ddsk
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polar code
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陈平平
欧建辉
朱子熹
刘惠燕
谢肇鹏
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Fuzhou University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0057—Block codes
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    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
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Abstract

The invention relates to a differential chaotic communication method and a system based on a polar code, wherein the method comprises a coding modulation process and a demodulation decoding process, and the coding modulation process comprises the following steps: after an information source generates a signal, inputting the signal into a polar code encoder for encoding, then sending a code word encoded by the polar code into a DDSK-WC modulator for chaotic modulation, redesigning a data frame by using an orthogonal Walsh code, and then sending the redesigned data frame; the demodulation and decoding process comprises the following steps: after receiving signals at a receiving end, firstly, a DDSK-WC demodulator demodulates the received signals, then soft information obtained by demodulation is input into a polar code decoder, the polar code decoder adopts an SC decoding algorithm based on an MS algorithm to decode, and finally, a decoding result is obtained. The method and the system are beneficial to improving the information transmission rate and performance of communication, and reducing the computational complexity and the implementation cost.

Description

Differential chaotic communication method and system based on polarization code
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a differential chaotic communication method and system based on a polarization code.
Background
Chaos is an important branch of nonlinear science, and is an important research direction of natural science and communication discipline. The chaotic signal has the advantages of good autocorrelation and cross correlation, noise-like property, non-periodicity, wide frequency spectrum property and the like, can well meet the requirements of communication on security, spread spectrum and information transmission, and has good development prospect in the field of communication. Compared with the traditional sine wave as a carrier wave, the chaotic signal is used as the carrier wave to design the communication system, so that the information safety is further improved, the designed circuit is simpler, and the large-scale production is facilitated. Meanwhile, the method has good communication performance in a multi-user access environment. In the 5G communication era of multi-device access, the method has great development advantages. In order to improve the decoding performance and the transmission rate of the chaotic communication system, researchers combine a channel coding technology with chaotic communication, such as Turbo codes, LDPC codes and the like, and solve the problems of improving the error code performance and the transmission rate of the chaotic communication system.
The polarization code was proposed by e.arika in 2009 and caused a great reverberation in the field of communications. The coding scheme is strictly proven theoretically to achieve channel capacity. In the discrete memoryless channel (BEC), the error probability of polar code transmission approaches zero when the code sequence is infinite long. The polarization code is constructed by channel polarization, and is decoded by using sc (probabilistic decoding) and scl (probabilistic decoding) algorithms. The polarization code has been defined as a physical layer access channel coding scheme in 3 GPP. In the 3GPP TR 38.802 standard, polarization codes defeat LDPC codes and Turbo codes as coding schemes for 5G control channels for enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) scenarios. Compared with LDPC code and Turbo code, the polarization code has better error code performance and lower complexity in short-length packet data transmission.
Chinese patent application No. 201610550474.2 discloses a multi-user differential chaotic communication system based on Walsh codes, which optimizes and reforms the conventional differential chaotic keying communication system, designs data frames using Walsh codes, thereby distinguishing a plurality of different users, demodulates data information of each user at a receiving end by using a related demodulation method by using a transmission reference mode at a transmitting end, finally performs decision demodulation, and decides transmitted information according to a result of the related demodulation. The technical scheme utilizes Walsh codes to redesign data frames, and although the transmission rate of system information is improved and the interference among users is eliminated in the multi-user transmission compared with a DCSK chaotic modulation system, a great improvement space still exists. In a complex channel transmission environment, the error rate performance is still poor. This results in a limitation in the range of use of the chaotic modulation technique to some extent, and therefore there is room for further improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a differential chaotic communication method and system based on a polarization code, which are beneficial to improving the information transmission rate and performance of communication, reducing the computational complexity and realizing cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a differential chaotic communication method based on polar codes comprises an output signal coding and modulating process and a received signal demodulating and decoding process; the output signal coding and modulating process comprises the following steps: after an information source generates a signal, the signal is input into a polarization code encoder to be encoded, the polarization code encoder generates a channel polarization phenomenon through channel combination and channel splitting, and the channel is divided into a noise channel and a noise-free channel by utilizing channel polarization, so that information is transmitted on the noise-free channel; sending the code word coded by the polarization code into a DDSK-WC modulator for chaotic modulation, redesigning a data frame by using an orthogonal Walsh code, and sending the redesigned data frame;
the received signal demodulation and decoding process comprises the following steps: after a receiving end receives a signal, firstly, a DDSK-WC demodulator demodulates the received signal by using a non-coherent detector according to the structural characteristics of a data frame of a DDSK-WC system, then soft information obtained by demodulation is input into a polar code decoder, the polar code decoder decodes by using an SC decoding algorithm based on an MS algorithm, and finally, a decoding result is obtained.
Further, after the source generates the signal, the source signal is coded and modulated, including the following steps:
A1) inputting the source signal into a polar code encoder, and carrying out polar code encoding on an input sequence according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002292993910000021
wherein the content of the first and second substances,represents a coded sequence coded by a polarization code,
Figure BDA0002292993910000023
representing an input sequence, G is a generation matrix of polarization code coding;
after the polarization code encoder finishes encoding, the encoding sequence is carried out
Figure BDA0002292993910000024
Inputting the data to a DDSK-WC system for modulation;
A2) the DDSK-WC modulator redesigns the data frame by using Walsh codes to eliminate multiple access interference and improve the transmission rate; a Walsh code of order 2K is represented as follows:
Figure BDA0002292993910000025
coding sequence output by polar code coder
Figure BDA0002292993910000026
Chaotic modulation is carried out, and x (l) is used for expressing the coded sequence
Figure BDA0002292993910000027
1,2, …, N, then x (l) is encodedTransmission sequence s modulated by DDSK-WClExpressed as:
s0＝zσ (3)
sl＝(2x(l)-1)sl-1(4)
wherein σ denotes a length ofZ is a Walsh code
Figure BDA0002292993910000028
One element of (1); first transmission bit s0Consisting of z and σ.
Further, after receiving the signal at the receiving end, demodulating and decoding the received signal, comprising the following steps:
B1) DDSK-WC demodulation: in a DDSK-WC demodulator, a continuous transmission sequence s is usedlAnd sl-1To jointly determine the transmitted bit x (l), the l-th received sequence is denoted as rl＝[slsl-1]，rlThe method is characterized in that the method is formed by multiplying two chaotic sections by a Walsh code, and a bit x (l) of a sending code word is demodulated; the DDSK-WC decoder adopts a generalized maximum likelihood method GML to calculate the energy value c of x (l)lIn the case of a noise-free channel, there are:
cl＝sl-1sl＝2(x(l)-1)sl-1·sl-1(5)
wherein s isl-1·sl＝∑jsl-1slRepresents a sequence slAnd sl-1Dot product of (2); further computing the information dl：
dl＝sl-1·sl+1＝(2(x(l+1)-1))sl-1·sl+1(6)
Combining equations (5) and (6) by calculating information
Figure BDA0002292993910000031
To calculate x (l + 1):
Figure BDA0002292993910000032
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002292993910000033
represents an exclusive or sign; equation (7) is simplified using the MS algorithm in which Q1And Q2Respectively representing two input soft information, the exclusive-or output Q is represented as:
Q＝MS(Q1,Q2)＝sign(Q1)sign(Q2)min{|Q1|,|Q2|} (8)
therefore, equation (7) reduces to:
the soft information P (x (l +1)) of x (l +1) is expressed as:
Figure BDA0002292993910000035
then, the soft information generated by demodulation is taken as a log-likelihood value and is sent to a polar code decoder;
B2) decoding a polarization code: the polar code decoder performs decoding by adopting an SC decoding algorithm based on maximum likelihood LLR, and takes P (x (l +1)) as an initial LLR value
Figure BDA0002292993910000036
The LLR value is carried into an SC decoding algorithm, and the calculation formula of the LLR value in the SC decoding algorithm is as follows:
Figure BDA0002292993910000037
Figure BDA0002292993910000038
equation (11) indicates u when the decoded bits are oddlIs estimated by
Figure BDA0002292993910000039
Formula (12) represents u when the decoded bits are even numberslIs estimated by
Figure BDA00022929939100000310
The calculation formula of the LLR values of (a),
Figure BDA00022929939100000311
is a sequence of initial LLR values, symbolsThe operation of (d) is represented as:
Figure BDA00022929939100000313
the equation (11) is simplified by adopting an MS algorithm as follows:
Figure BDA0002292993910000041
thereby obtaining a decoding result.
The invention also provides a differential chaotic communication system based on the polar code, which comprises a code modulation module arranged at a transmitting end and a demodulation decoding module arranged at a receiving end;
the code modulation module comprises a polar code encoder and a DDSK-WC modulator, and is used for inputting a signal generated by an information source into the polar code encoder for encoding, then sending a code word encoded by the polar code into the DDSK-WC modulator for chaotic modulation, redesigning a data frame by using an orthogonal Walsh code, and then sending the redesigned data frame;
the demodulation decoding module comprises a DDSK-WC demodulator and a polar code decoder and is used for demodulating the received signal through the DDSK-WC demodulator after the signal is received, then inputting the soft information obtained through demodulation into the polar code decoder, and the polar code decoder adopts an SC decoding algorithm based on an MS algorithm to decode and finally obtains a decoding result.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the decoding performance of the chaotic communication system is improved by combining the Walsh code improved differential multi-user chaotic keying (DDSK-WC) with the latest channel coding technology polarization code, and MS minimum sum operation is applied during demodulation and decoding, so that the whole scheme only comprises addition and comparison operations, complex multiplication operations are avoided, complex operations such as channel estimation, synchronization and the like are not needed, hardware resource overhead is reduced, computational complexity is reduced, and the method can be used as an alternative scheme of short-distance Internet of things communication with high reliability, low cost and low complexity.
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FIG. 1 is a system architecture diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a data frame structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of the error performance of the system of the present invention and an uncoded system under a rayleigh channel in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of the error performance of the system of the present invention under the UWB channel in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
The invention provides a differential chaotic communication method based on a polar code, which comprises an output signal coding and modulating process and a received signal demodulating and decoding process. The output signal coding and modulating process comprises the following steps: after an information source generates a signal, the signal is input into a polarization code encoder to be encoded, the polarization code encoder generates a channel polarization phenomenon through channel combination and channel splitting, and the channel is divided into a noise channel and a noise-free channel by utilizing channel polarization, so that information is transmitted on the noise-free channel; the code word coded by the polarization code is sent to a DDSK-WC modulator for chaotic modulation, an orthogonal Walsh code is used for redesigning a data frame, multi-user (multiple access) interference is eliminated, and the redesigned data frame is sent.
The received signal demodulation and decoding process comprises the following steps: after receiving signals at a receiving end, firstly, a DDSK-WC demodulator demodulates the received signals by using a non-coherent detector according to the structural characteristics of a data frame of a DDSK-WC system, and the demodulation process is improved by using an MS algorithm so as to improve the calculation speed; and then inputting the soft information obtained by demodulation into a polar code decoder, wherein the polar code decoder adopts an SC decoding algorithm based on an MS algorithm to decode so as to reduce the calculation complexity, improve the system performance and finally obtain a decoding result.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an implementation of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, after the source generates a signal, the method for code modulating the source signal includes the following steps:
A1) inputting the source signal into a polar code encoder, and carrying out polar code encoding on an input sequence according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002292993910000051
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002292993910000052
represents a coded sequence coded by a polarization code,
Figure BDA0002292993910000053
representing an input sequence, G is a generation matrix of polarization code coding;
after the polarization code encoder finishes encoding, the encoding sequence is carried out
Figure BDA0002292993910000054
Inputting the data to a DDSK-WC system for modulation;
A2) the DDSK-WC modulator redesigns the data frame by using Walsh codes to eliminate multiple access interference and improve the transmission rate; a Walsh code of order 2K is represented as follows:
Figure BDA0002292993910000055
will polarizeCode sequence output by code encoder
Figure BDA0002292993910000056
Chaotic modulation is carried out, and x (l) is used for expressing the coded sequence
Figure BDA0002292993910000057
1,2, …, N, then x (l) is the DDCSK-WC modulated transmission sequence slExpressed as:
s0＝zσ (3)
sl＝(2x(l)-1)sl-1(4)
wherein σ denotes a length of
Figure BDA0002292993910000059
Z is a Walsh code
Figure BDA0002292993910000058
One element of (1); first transmission bit s0Consisting of z and σ. Each chaotic transmission sequence can be determined by one chaotic parameter, each modulated data frame is composed of N bits, and the data frame structure is shown in FIG. 2.
After receiving the signal at the receiving end, demodulating and decoding the received signal, the process of which is shown in fig. 1, includes the following steps:
B1) DDSK-WC demodulation: in a DDSK-WC demodulator, a continuous transmission sequence s is usedlAnd sl-1To jointly determine the transmitted bit x (l), the l-th received sequence is denoted as rl＝[slsl-1]，rlThe method is characterized in that the method is formed by multiplying two chaotic sections by a Walsh code, and a bit x (l) of a sending code word is demodulated; the DDSK-WC decoder adopts a generalized maximum likelihood method GML to calculate the energy value c of x (l)lIn the case of a noise-free channel, there are:
cl＝sl-1sl＝2(x(l)-1)sl-1·sl-1(5)
wherein s isl-1·sl＝∑jsl-1slRepresents a sequence slAnd sl-1Dot product of (2); further computing the information dl：
dl＝sl-1·sl+1＝(2(x(l+1)-1))sl-1·sl+1(6)
Combining equations (5) and (6) by calculating information
Figure BDA0002292993910000061
To calculate x (l + 1):
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002292993910000063
represents an exclusive or sign; equation (7) is simplified using the MS algorithm in which Q1And Q2Respectively representing two input soft information, the exclusive-or output Q is represented as:
Q＝MS(Q1,Q2)＝sign(Q1)sign(Q2)min{|Q1|,|Q2|} (8)
therefore, equation (7) reduces to:
Figure BDA0002292993910000064
the soft information P (x (l +1)) of x (l +1) is expressed as:
then, the soft information generated by demodulation is taken as a log-likelihood value and is sent to a polar code decoder;
B2) decoding a polarization code: the polar code decoder performs decoding by using an SC decoding algorithm, which is an algorithm for performing decoding based on maximum likelihood LLR and takes P (x (l +1)) as an initial LLR value
Figure BDA0002292993910000066
Is brought into the SC decoding algorithm, at SIn the C decoding algorithm, the calculation formula of the LLR value is as follows:
Figure BDA0002292993910000067
equation (11) indicates u when the decoded bits are oddlIs estimated by
Figure BDA0002292993910000069
Formula (12) represents u when the decoded bits are even numberslIs estimated by
Figure BDA00022929939100000610
The calculation formula of the LLR values of (a),
Figure BDA00022929939100000611
is a sequence of initial LLR values, symbols
Figure BDA00022929939100000612
The operation of (d) is represented as:
Figure BDA00022929939100000613
equation (11) is simplified to be by the MS algorithm (see equation (8)):
Figure BDA0002292993910000071
thereby obtaining a decoding result.
In summary, in the demodulation and decoding process of the present invention, no channel information is needed, no multiplication operation is included, and only comparison operation and addition operation are needed, so the scheme of the present invention is a low-cost and low-complexity spread spectrum coded modulation scheme.
The invention also provides a differential chaotic communication system based on the polar code for realizing the method, which comprises a coding modulation module arranged at a transmitting end and a demodulation decoding module arranged at a receiving end.
The code modulation module comprises a polar code encoder and a DDSK-WC modulator, and is used for inputting a signal generated by an information source into the polar code encoder for encoding, then sending a code word encoded by the polar code into the DDSK-WC modulator for chaotic modulation, redesigning a data frame by using an orthogonal Walsh code, and then sending the redesigned data frame;
the demodulation decoding module comprises a DDSK-WC demodulator and a polar code decoder and is used for demodulating the received signal through the DDSK-WC demodulator after the signal is received, then inputting the soft information obtained through demodulation into the polar code decoder, and the polar code decoder adopts an SC decoding algorithm based on an MS algorithm to decode and finally obtains a decoding result.
In order to verify the effectiveness of the invention, the error rate of two users accessing the system of the invention and the DDSK-WC system without codes is tested under a Rayleigh fading channel and an actual UWB channel. The code length of the polarization code used in the test is 1024, the code rate is 1/2, and the chaotic signal is generated and mapped into x (j +1) ═ 1-2x2(j)。
Fig. 3 shows the error rates of an uncoded system and the inventive system on a rayleigh fading channel. The average path gain ratio is kept constant and the length of the chaotic carrier band is set to 64. The delays of the two fading paths are 0 and 5. It can be seen that the system of the present invention has a significant performance increase over uncoded systems.
To verify the utility of the present invention, the present invention uses the IEEE 802.15.4a CM1 channel of the non-line-of-sight communication environment as an actual UWB communication channel. As shown in FIG. 4, the system of the present invention has good performance at code rates of 1/4 and 1/2, which proves the feasibility of the coding scheme proposed by the present invention in practical short-distance UWB communication.
The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all changes made according to the technical scheme of the present invention that produce functional effects do not exceed the scope of the technical scheme of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A differential chaotic communication method based on polar codes is characterized by comprising an output signal coding and modulating process and a received signal demodulating and decoding process; the output signal coding and modulating process comprises the following steps: after an information source generates a signal, the signal is input into a polarization code encoder to be encoded, the polarization code encoder generates a channel polarization phenomenon through channel combination and channel splitting, and the channel is divided into a noise channel and a noise-free channel by utilizing channel polarization, so that information is transmitted on the noise-free channel; sending the code word coded by the polarization code into a DDSK-WC modulator for chaotic modulation, redesigning a data frame by using an orthogonal Walsh code, and sending the redesigned data frame;
the received signal demodulation and decoding process comprises the following steps: after a receiving end receives a signal, firstly, a DDSK-WC demodulator demodulates the received signal by using a non-coherent detector according to the structural characteristics of a data frame of a DDSK-WC system, then soft information obtained by demodulation is input into a polar code decoder, the polar code decoder decodes by using an SC decoding algorithm based on an MS algorithm, and finally, a decoding result is obtained.
2. The differential chaotic communication method based on the polar code as claimed in claim 1, wherein after the signal is generated by the source, the source signal is coded and modulated, comprising the following steps:
A1) inputting the source signal into a polar code encoder, and carrying out polar code encoding on an input sequence according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0002292993900000011
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002292993900000012
represents a coded sequence coded by a polarization code,
Figure FDA0002292993900000013
representing an input sequence, G being a code encoded by a polar codeForming a matrix;
after the polarization code encoder finishes encoding, the encoding sequence is carried out
Figure FDA0002292993900000014
Inputting the data to a DDSK-WC system for modulation;
A2) the DDSK-WC modulator redesigns the data frame by using Walsh codes to eliminate multiple access interference and improve the transmission rate; a Walsh code of order 2K is represented as follows:
Figure FDA0002292993900000015
coding sequence output by polar code coder
Figure FDA0002292993900000016
Chaotic modulation is carried out, and x (l) is used for expressing the coded sequence
Figure FDA0002292993900000017
1,2, …, N, then x (l) is the DDCSK-WC modulated transmission sequence slExpressed as:
s0＝zσ (3)
sl＝(2x(l)-1)sl-1(4)
wherein σ denotes a length of
Figure FDA0002292993900000018
Z is a Walsh codeOne element of (1); first transmission bit s0Consisting of z and σ.
3. The differential chaotic communication method based on the polar code as claimed in claim 2, wherein after a receiving end receives a signal, the received signal is demodulated and decoded, comprising the following steps:
B1) DDSK-WC demodulation: in a DDSK-WC demodulator, a continuous transmission sequence s is usedlAnd sl-1To jointly determine the transmitted bit x (l), the l-th received sequence is denoted as rl＝[slsl-1]，rlThe method is characterized in that the method is formed by multiplying two chaotic sections by a Walsh code, and a bit x (l) of a sending code word is demodulated; the DDSK-WC decoder adopts a generalized maximum likelihood method GML to calculate the energy value c of x (l)lIn the case of a noise-free channel, there are:
cl＝sl-1sl＝2(x(l)-1)sl-1·sl-1(5)
wherein s isl-1·sl＝∑jsl-1slRepresents a sequence slAnd sl-1Dot product of (2); further computing the information dl：
dl＝sl-1·sl+1＝(2(x(l+1)-1))sl-1·sl+1(6)
Combining equations (5) and (6) by calculating information
Figure FDA0002292993900000021
To calculate x (l + 1):
Figure FDA0002292993900000022
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002292993900000023
represents an exclusive or sign; equation (7) is simplified using the MS algorithm in which Q1And Q2Respectively representing two input soft information, the exclusive-or output Q is represented as:
Q＝MS(Q1,Q2)＝sign(Q1)sign(Q2)min{|Q1|,|Q2|} (8)
therefore, equation (7) reduces to:
Figure FDA0002292993900000024
the soft information P (x (l +1)) of x (l +1) is expressed as:
Figure FDA0002292993900000025
then, the soft information generated by demodulation is taken as a log-likelihood value and is sent to a polar code decoder;
B2) decoding a polarization code: the polar code decoder performs decoding by adopting an SC decoding algorithm based on maximum likelihood LLR, and takes P (x (l +1)) as an initial LLR valueThe LLR value is carried into an SC decoding algorithm, and the calculation formula of the LLR value in the SC decoding algorithm is as follows:
Figure FDA0002292993900000028
equation (11) indicates u when the decoded bits are oddlIs estimated by
Figure FDA0002292993900000029
Formula (12) represents u when the decoded bits are even numberslIs estimated by
Figure FDA00022929939000000210
The calculation formula of the LLR values of (a),
Figure FDA00022929939000000211
is a sequence of initial LLR values, symbols
Figure FDA00022929939000000212
The operation of (d) is represented as:
Figure FDA00022929939000000213
the equation (11) is simplified by adopting an MS algorithm as follows:
Figure FDA0002292993900000031
thereby obtaining a decoding result.
4. A differential chaotic communication system based on polar codes and adopting the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising a code modulation module arranged at a transmitting end and a demodulation decoding module arranged at a receiving end;
the code modulation module comprises a polar code encoder and a DDSK-WC modulator, and is used for inputting a signal generated by an information source into the polar code encoder for encoding, then sending a code word encoded by the polar code into the DDSK-WC modulator for chaotic modulation, redesigning a data frame by using an orthogonal Walsh code, and then sending the redesigned data frame;
the demodulation decoding module comprises a DDSK-WC demodulator and a polar code decoder and is used for demodulating the received signal through the DDSK-WC demodulator after the signal is received, then inputting the soft information obtained through demodulation into the polar code decoder, and the polar code decoder adopts an SC decoding algorithm based on an MS algorithm to decode and finally obtains a decoding result.
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