CN110838376A - Experimental device for simulating natural circulation reactor two-loop system - Google Patents
Experimental device for simulating natural circulation reactor two-loop system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental device for simulating a natural circulation reactor secondary loop system, which comprises a steam generator simulator, a condenser simulator and a water supply tank simulator, wherein the steam generator simulator is connected with the water supply tank simulator through a pipeline; steam generator simulates the body the steam output end and is connected with a plurality of steam branch pipelines, and steam branch pipeline joins to steam main line, and steam main line is connected to the condenser and simulates the body, and the condenser simulates the body and is connected to the feed-tank and simulates the body through the condensation loop, and the feed-tank simulates the body and is connected with and congeals water main line, congeals water main line and a plurality of branch line intercommunications of congealing, congeals water branch line and is connected to the steam generator and simulates the body, congeal and set up the main circulating pump on the water main line. The invention can realize the simulation of the two-loop system under the natural circulation working condition of the reactor, is used for the research of the two-loop operation characteristics and the parameter control technology of the natural circulation reactor so as to verify the reasonability and feasibility of the design and provide necessary data and technical support for the design of the advanced pressurized water reactor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a reactor thermal hydraulic simulation experiment device, in particular to an experiment device for simulating a natural circulation reactor two-loop system.
Background
In recent years, in order to meet the requirement of high safety of a reactor, in addition to trying to improve the intrinsic safety of the reactor, natural circulation has become an important research content of the development of a novel nuclear reactor, and the natural circulation is formed by driving fluid to flow in a closed loop by virtue of the intrinsic characteristics of natural substances such as fluid height difference, density difference and the like in an ascending section and a descending section, and can lead out the heat of the reactor without external power, so that the intrinsic safety of the pressurized water reactor can be improved by the core natural circulation.
The two-loop system is an important component of a pressurized water reactor, and has the main function of converting heat generated and transferred by the primary loop system of the reactor into mechanical energy for rotating a steam turbine, driving a generator set to rotate and finally generating electric energy. The coolant of the reactor heats the feed water of the two loops in the steam generator, so that the feed water becomes saturated steam and is sent to the turbine to do work. In the reactor operation process, the secondary side water medium change of the steam generator is converted into superheated steam from supercooled water at the inlet through various heat exchange modes such as supercooled boiling, saturated boiling and the like.
The two-loop system of the natural circulation reactor needs to meet the unit operation requirement under the normal operation condition of the reactor, and also needs to smoothly take out the reactor core waste heat under the accident condition. However, on one hand, the flow rate of the primary loop of the reactor core is low under the natural circulation working condition of the reactor, on the other hand, the secondary side of the steam generator is generally a parallel channel, the flow working condition is complex, and the phenomenon of unstable flow of the steam generator and the primary loop system of the natural circulation reactor is easily caused by the change of inappropriate parameters of the two loops. Therefore, the design, operation and control technology of the two-loop system of the natural circulation reactor is one of the key technologies for reactor research.
At present, no test device for simulating the two-loop system of the natural circulation reactor is reported at home and abroad, and before the design of detailed engineering is shifted to, a two-loop system test simulation device needs to be built for the reactor, the experimental study on the natural circulation operating characteristics of the reactor is carried out, and the natural circulation steady-state and transient working condition operating characteristics and parameter control technology of the two-loop system of the natural circulation reactor are obtained, so that the design of the pressurized water reactor system can be applied to engineering implementation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides an experimental device for simulating a two-loop system of a natural circulation reactor, which solves the problems, can realize the simulation of the two-loop system under the natural circulation working condition of the reactor, is used for the research of the operating characteristics and the parameter control technology of the two loops of the natural circulation reactor, verifies the reasonability and feasibility of the design, and provides necessary data and technical support for the design of the advanced pressurized water reactor.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an experimental device for simulating a natural circulation reactor secondary loop system comprises a steam generator simulator, a condenser simulator and a water supply tank simulator; steam generator simulates the body the steam output end and is connected with a plurality of steam branch pipelines, and steam branch pipeline joins to steam main line, and steam main line is connected to the condenser and simulates the body, and the condenser simulates the body and is connected to the feed-tank and simulates the body through the condensation loop, and the feed-tank simulates the body and is connected with and congeals water main line, congeals water main line and a plurality of branch line intercommunications of congealing, congeals water branch line and is connected to the steam generator and simulates the body, congeal and set up the main circulating pump on the water main line.
For a two-loop system, a prototype system is not simulated in principle, namely a steam turbine and a power generation equipment system are not provided, and the operating parameters (such as secondary side steam temperature, feed water pressure, steam pressure and the like) of the two loops are only ensured to be consistent with the prototype working condition. The working principle of the experimental device provided by the invention is as follows: when the steam generator simulator operates under a normal working condition, steam generated by the steam generator simulator is collected to the steam main pipeline through the plurality of main steam branch pipes which are connected in parallel, flows through the steam main pipeline and then enters the condenser simulator, and the steam main pipeline can be provided with a flow regulating valve and the like to control the flow resistance of the steam; in the condenser analog body, steam is condensed into the comdenstion water, and the comdenstion water flows into the feed-tank analog body through the condensate loop, and the water of the feed-tank analog body enters steam generator secondary side condensate water main line after the pressure boost of main circulating pump, gets into steam generator analog body secondary side feed pipe by many condensate water branch lines at last to form complete two return circuits circulation.
Furthermore, a steam bypass is arranged on the steam main pipeline, and the output ends of the steam bypass and the steam main pipeline are converged into the condenser simulator; and flow regulating valves are arranged on the steam main pipeline section connected with the steam bypass in parallel and on the steam bypass.
By providing a steam bypass on the main steam line, the steam flows in two branch lines in the flow direction of the main steam line: one path flows along the steam bypass and then is merged into the condenser analog body, and the other path continuously flows along the steam main pipeline and then is merged into the condenser analog body; like this play steam reposition of redundant personnel effect through setting up the steam bypass, can effectively increase steam flow control range, conveniently reach steam flow control by a relatively large margin fast.
Further, a flow regulating valve is arranged on the steam main pipeline and at the upstream of the steam bypass.
The flow regulating valve is arranged on the steam main pipeline and at the upstream of the steam bypass and used for controlling the flow of steam flowing into the whole steam main pipeline, so that the function of master control is achieved.
Furthermore, flow meters are arranged on the steam main pipeline, at the upstream of the steam bypass and on the steam bypass.
The flow meter is arranged on each steam pipeline, so that the flow of each pipeline can be accurately adjusted, and the flow meter is also used for acquiring steam side flow parameters.
Furthermore, a bypass pipeline is arranged at the position of the main circulating pump, the input end of the bypass pipeline is communicated with a main condensate pipeline at the downstream of the main circulating pump, and the output end of the bypass pipeline is communicated with a main condensate pipeline at the upstream of the main circulating pump.
The condensed water at the outlet of the main circulating pump is divided into two paths, one path of condensed water enters the bypass pipeline, is decompressed by the flow regulating valve and the bypass flowmeter of the bypass pipeline and then is mixed with the two-loop condensed water flowing out of the water supply tank simulator, and then enters the main circulating pump after being mixed, so that the supercharging effect is favorably realized, and a closed main circulating pump bypass circulating loop is formed. The other path of condensed water at the outlet of the main circulating pump enters a subsequent condensed water main pipeline and finally flows back to the steam generator analog body through the condensed water branch pipeline, the two loops of condensed water and the direct current steam generator analog body become superheated steam after primary loop coolant exchanges heat, and the superheated steam enters the cooler analog body and is condensed into the condensed water, so that a main circulating loop is formed.
Furthermore, a flow regulating valve and a bypass flowmeter are arranged on the bypass pipeline.
And the flow regulating valve on the bypass pipeline is used for regulating the flow of the condensed water in the bypass pipeline.
Furthermore, a main loop flowmeter and a flow regulating valve set are arranged on the main condensate line at the downstream of the connection position of the bypass pipeline and the main condensate line.
The bypass flowmeter is used for measuring the flow of the circulating condensate water of the bypass pipeline, and the main loop flowmeter is used for measuring the flow of the condensate water of the main condensate water pipeline. The flow rate and the distribution proportion of the bypass flowmeter and the main loop flowmeter are determined by comparing the resistance of the bypass pipeline with the resistance of the condensate main pipeline. The flow regulating valve group is used for realizing linear and rapid regulation of the condensate flow of the condensate main pipeline and tracking the parameter change of the steam generator.
Furthermore, check valves are arranged on the steam main pipeline, the condensation loop and the condensed water main pipeline.
Further, the water supply system also comprises a water storage tank and a water replenishing pump, wherein the water storage tank replenishes water to the water supply tank simulation body and the condensate main pipeline through the water replenishing pump.
The water storage tank and the water replenishing pump are used for providing a water replenishing source for the whole main condensate line and ensuring the continuous and stable circulation of the whole two loops.
Further, a heating rod is arranged inside the water supply tank simulator and used for heating condensed water of the water supply tank simulator.
The electric heating rod is arranged in the water supply tank and is mainly used for controlling the circulating water to be maintained at the set working condition temperature.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the experimental device for simulating the secondary loop system of the natural circulation reactor, provided by the invention, can realize the simulation of the secondary loop system of the pressurized water reactor under the natural circulation condition, and is used for the research of the operating characteristics and parameter control and regulation technology of the secondary loop system under the steady-state and transient working conditions of the natural circulation reactor. The method is used for experimental study of the operating characteristics of the natural circulation reactor at present, and provides necessary technical support for engineering design of the natural circulation reactor.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an experimental apparatus for simulating a two-loop system of a natural circulation reactor according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a condenser simulator according to the present invention.
Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings: the system comprises a steam generator simulator 1, a steam branch pipeline 2, a condensate branch pipeline 3, a flow regulating valve 4, a flow meter 5, a flow regulating valve bank 7, a check valve 8, a condenser simulator 81, a barrel part 82, a tube bundle part 83, a tube box part 9, a water supply tank simulator 10, a main circulating pump 11, a bypass flow meter 11, a main loop flow meter 12, a water storage tank 13 and a water replenishing pump 14.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an experimental device for simulating a natural circulation reactor secondary loop system, which comprises a steam generator simulator 1, a condenser simulator 8 and a water supply tank simulator 9; steam generator simulates body 1's steam output end and is connected with a plurality of parallelly connected steam branch pipeline 2, steam branch pipeline 2 joins to steam main pipeline input, steam main pipeline output is connected to condenser and simulates body 8, condenser simulates body 8 and is connected to feed-tank and simulates body 9 through the condensation return circuit, feed-tank simulates body 9 and is connected with the condensate main pipeline, condensate main pipeline and a plurality of condensate branch pipeline 3 intercommunications, condensate branch pipeline 3 is connected to steam generator and simulates body 8, set up main circulating pump 10 on the condensate main pipeline.
For a two-loop system, a prototype system is not simulated in principle, namely a steam turbine and a power generation equipment system are not provided, and the operating parameters (such as secondary side steam temperature, feed water pressure, steam pressure and the like) of the two loops are only ensured to be consistent with the prototype working condition. The structural principle of the present invention is explained below with the attached simulation apparatus figure 1:
when the steam generator simulator operates under normal working conditions, steam generated by the steam generator simulator 1 is collected to a steam main pipeline through a plurality of main steam branch pipes 2 which are connected in parallel, flows through the steam main pipeline and then enters a condenser simulator 8, and the steam main pipeline can be provided with a flow regulating valve and the like to control the flow resistance of the steam; in the condenser analog body 8, steam is condensed into the comdenstion water, and the comdenstion water flows into the feed-tank analog body 9 through the condensate loop, and the water of the feed-tank analog body 9 gets into the steam generator secondary side condensate water main line after the pressure boost of main circulating pump 10, gets into the steam generator analog body 1 secondary side feed pipe by many condensate water branch lines 3 at last to form complete two loop circulation.
Example 2
The steam-condensing simulation system is further improved on the basis of the embodiment 1, a steam bypass is arranged on the steam main pipeline, and the output ends of the steam bypass and the steam main pipeline are converged into the condenser simulation body 8; all be equipped with flow control valve 4 on the steam main pipeline section and the steam bypass way that connect in parallel with the steam bypass, in addition, steam main pipeline is last, and be located steam bypass upper reaches department and be equipped with flow control valve 4. Flow meters 5 are arranged on the steam main pipeline, at the upstream of the steam bypass and on the steam bypass.
By providing a steam bypass on the main steam line, the steam flows in two branch lines in the flow direction of the main steam line: one path flows along the steam bypass and then is merged into the condenser analog body, and the other path continuously flows along the steam main pipeline and then is merged into the condenser analog body; like this play steam reposition of redundant personnel effect through setting up the steam bypass, can effectively increase steam flow control range, conveniently reach steam flow control by a relatively large margin fast.
Through all being equipped with flow control valve 4 on the steam main line pipeline section parallelly connected with the steam bypass and on the steam bypass for adjust the steam flow on each branch circuit, the reposition of redundant personnel ability on the control each branch circuit is resistance size promptly, does benefit to the realization to getting into the accurate regulation of the steam flow of condenser analog body 8. The flow regulating valve 4 is arranged on the steam main pipeline and at the upstream of the steam bypass and used for controlling the flow of steam flowing into the whole steam main pipeline and playing a role in master control.
In the process of regulating the steam entering the condenser analog body 8 from the steam generator analog body 1, firstly, a flow regulating valve 4 is arranged on a steam main pipeline and at the upstream of a steam bypass, so that the steam entering the steam main pipeline is ensured to be within a set flow range; the flow regulating valves on the two branch lines can be adjusted to effectively distribute the flow of each branch line, and the steam flow entering the condenser simulator 8 is further accurate to a smaller floating range or an accurate set value.
Example 3
The system is further improved on the basis of the embodiment 2, a bypass pipeline is arranged at the position of the main circulating pump 10, the input end of the bypass pipeline is communicated with a main condensation water pipeline at the downstream of the main circulating pump 10, and the output end of the bypass pipeline is communicated with a main condensation water pipeline at the upstream of the main circulating pump 10. The bypass pipeline is provided with a flow regulating valve 4 and a bypass flowmeter 11. A main loop flowmeter 12 and a flow regulating valve group 6 are also arranged on the main water condensing pipeline at the downstream of the connection part of the bypass pipeline and the main water condensing pipeline. And check valves 7 are arranged on the steam main pipeline, the condensation loop and the condensate main pipeline.
The condensed water of the outlet of the main circulating pump 10 is divided into two paths, one path of condensed water enters the bypass pipeline, is decompressed by the flow regulating valve 4 and the bypass flowmeter 11 of the bypass pipeline, is mixed with the two-loop condensed water flowing out of the water supply tank simulator 9, and then enters the main circulating pump 10 after being mixed, so that the supercharging effect is favorably realized, and the closed bypass circulating loop of the main circulating pump 10 is formed. The other way of condensate water of main circulating pump 10 export gets into subsequent condensate water main line, finally gets into steam generator analog body 1 through the condensate water lateral line 3 backward flow, and two return circuits condensate water become superheated steam after once a side loop coolant heat transfer with direct current steam generator analog body 1, get into cooler analog body 8 and become the condensate water by the condensation to form the main circulation return circuit.
The bypass flowmeter 11 is used for measuring the flow of the circulating condensate water in the bypass pipeline, and the main loop flowmeter 12 is used for measuring the flow of the condensate water in the condensate water main pipeline. The flow rate and the distribution ratio of the bypass flowmeter 11 and the main loop flowmeter 12 are determined by comparing the resistance of the bypass pipeline with the resistance of the condensate main pipeline. The flow regulating valve group 6 is used for realizing linear and rapid regulation of the condensate flow of the condensate main pipeline and tracking the parameter change of the steam generator.
Example 4
Further improve on the basis of embodiment 3, the experimental apparatus of the simulation natural circulation reactor two-loop system that this embodiment provided still includes storage water tank 13 and moisturizing pump 14, and storage water tank 13 is through moisturizing pump 14 to the moisturizing case analog 9 and the main pipeline moisturizing of condensate water. And a heating rod is arranged inside the water supply tank simulation body 9 and used for heating condensed water of the water supply tank simulation body 9.
The water replenishing pump 14 adopts a centrifugal pump; the water storage tank 13 is a water source of the whole loop, and the arrangement height of the water storage tank is necessarily greater than the suction inlet of the water replenishing pump 14, so that cavitation erosion of the centrifugal pump is avoided, and the running safety of the centrifugal pump is ensured; nine alternating current heating rods are arranged in the water supply tank simulation body 9 and are divided into three groups to independently operate. According to the actual experiment demand, control electrical heating stick input quantity, adjust the temperature of water in the feed-tank analog body 9. The water supply tank simulation body 9 is provided with a magnetic turning plate liquid level meter, so that the liquid level condition of the water supply tank simulation body 9 is monitored constantly, and the electric heating rod is guaranteed to be completely submerged.
The whole loop is supplemented with water by the water supplementing pump 14, the supplemented water can be directly converged into the condensate main pipeline, three paths of condensate water (the condensate water flowing out of the water supply tank simulation body 9, the condensate water of the bypass pipeline and the supplemented water of the water supplementing pump) can be simultaneously converged into the main circulating pump 10, the pressurization effect on the condensate water can be effectively increased, the upper limit of the pressure adjustment of the two loops of condensate water is improved, and the simulation of various working conditions is facilitated.
Example 5
Based on the embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, the condenser simulator 8 is a U-shaped tube shell-and-tube condenser, replaces a steam turbine in a prototype, and consists of a condensing section and a hydrophobic cooling section, wherein a shell side fluid is a primary side medium (deionized water), the shell side is divided into the condensing section and a dredging section, the upper section and the lower section of the condensing section are provided, superheated steam firstly flows into the condensing section of the condenser from a side edge to be condensed into saturated water, and then enters the dredging section of the condenser to be changed into subcooled water to flow out. The main design parameters are as follows: the primary side design pressure is 4.0 MPa; the primary side design temperature is 350 ℃; the secondary side design pressure is 1.0 MPa; the design temperature of the secondary side is 100 ℃; heat exchange power: 250 kW. The water supply tank 1 is positioned between the condenser simulator 8 and the water supply pump 14 and mainly comprises a cover plate, a circular ring plate, a cylinder body, a bottom plate and the like. The upper and lower parts of the cylinder are provided with water inlet and outlet, liquid level and temperature measuring pipe joints.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An experimental device for simulating a natural circulation reactor secondary loop system is characterized by comprising a steam generator simulating body (1), a condenser simulating body (8) and a water supply tank simulating body (9); the steam output end of the steam generator simulation body (1) is connected with a plurality of steam branch pipelines (2), the steam branch pipelines (2) join to the steam main pipeline, the steam main pipeline is connected to the condenser simulation body (8), the condenser simulation body (8) is connected to the water supply tank simulation body (9) through a condensation loop, the water supply tank simulation body (9) is connected with a condensate main pipeline, the condensate main pipeline is communicated with a plurality of condensate branch pipelines (3), the condensate branch pipelines (3) are connected to the steam generator simulation body (8), and a main circulating pump (10) is arranged on the condensate main pipeline.
2. The experimental device for simulating the natural circulation reactor secondary loop system according to claim 1, wherein a steam bypass is arranged on the steam main pipeline, and output ends of the steam bypass and the steam main pipeline are converged into the condenser simulator (8); and flow regulating valves (4) are arranged on the steam main pipeline section connected with the steam bypass in parallel and on the steam bypass.
3. The experimental facility for simulating a natural circulation reactor two-circuit system as claimed in claim 2, wherein a flow regulating valve (4) is provided on the main steam line and upstream of the steam bypass.
4. The experimental facility for simulating a natural circulation reactor two-circuit system as claimed in claim 3, wherein flow meters (5) are provided on the main steam pipeline, upstream of the steam bypass and on the steam bypass.
5. The experimental device for simulating the natural circulation reactor two-loop system according to claim 1, wherein a bypass pipeline is arranged at the main circulation pump (10), an input end of the bypass pipeline is communicated with a main condensate pipeline at the downstream of the main circulation pump (10), and an output end of the bypass pipeline is communicated with a main condensate pipeline at the upstream of the main circulation pump (10).
6. The experimental device for simulating the natural circulation reactor secondary loop system according to claim 5, wherein the bypass pipeline is provided with a flow regulating valve (4) and a bypass flowmeter (11).
7. The experimental device for simulating the natural circulation reactor secondary loop system according to claim 6, wherein a main loop flowmeter (12) and a flow regulating valve group (6) are further arranged on the main condensate line downstream of the connection of the bypass line and the main condensate line.
8. The experimental device for simulating the natural circulation reactor secondary loop system according to claim 1, wherein check valves (7) are arranged on the main steam pipeline, the main condensation loop and the main condensation water pipeline.
9. The experimental device for simulating the natural circulation reactor secondary loop system according to claim 1, further comprising a water storage tank (13) and a water replenishing pump (14), wherein the water storage tank (13) replenishes water to the water supply tank simulator (9) and the condensate main pipeline through the water replenishing pump (14).
10. The experimental facility for simulating a natural circulation reactor two-loop system according to claim 1, wherein a heating rod is arranged inside the water supply tank simulator body (9) for heating condensed water of the water supply tank simulator body (9).
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