CN110836864B - Optical measuring device for measuring combustion field gas parameters - Google Patents
Optical measuring device for measuring combustion field gas parameters Download PDFInfo
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- CN110836864B CN110836864B CN201911042137.2A CN201911042137A CN110836864B CN 110836864 B CN110836864 B CN 110836864B CN 201911042137 A CN201911042137 A CN 201911042137A CN 110836864 B CN110836864 B CN 110836864B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/39—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using tunable lasers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
- G01N2021/0106—General arrangement of respective parts
- G01N2021/0112—Apparatus in one mechanical, optical or electronic block
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/39—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using tunable lasers
- G01N2021/394—DIAL method
Abstract
The invention discloses an optical measuring device for measuring combustion field gas parameters, belongs to the technical field of flow field optical measurement, and can solve the problem of poor measuring result caused by insufficient light distribution quantity in a flow field in the prior art. The optical measuring device comprises a laser emitting module and a laser receiving module which are positioned on two opposite sides of the flow field; the laser emission module comprises a collimation unit and a light shape conversion unit arranged on the light emitting side of the collimation unit; the collimating unit is used for converting the incident laser beam into a collimated beam; the light shape conversion unit is used for converting the collimated light beam into a fan-shaped area light source; the laser receiving module comprises a deflection unit arranged in a sector light source irradiation area and a focusing unit arranged on the light emitting side of the deflection unit; the deflection unit is used for converting the fan-shaped area light source into collimated light; the focusing unit is used for focusing the collimated light converted by the deflecting unit. The invention is used for measuring the gas parameters of the combustion flow field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an optical measuring device for measuring combustion field gas parameters, and belongs to the technical field of flow field optical measurement.
Background
Tunable semiconductor Laser Absorption spectroscopy (TDLAT) is a fusion technique of Laser Absorption spectroscopy and computational imaging, and realizes the two-dimensional reconstruction of a gas flow field by using the Absorption of gas molecules to light and computational imaging. In the prior art, when a TDLAT technology is used to measure an engine combustion flow field, an orthogonal distributed light distribution scheme is generally adopted, that is, a plurality of corresponding laser emission units and a plurality of corresponding laser receiving units are arranged, and laser emitted by each laser emission unit is received by the corresponding laser receiving unit after passing through the flow field to be measured. However, because the structural space of the engine is limited, it is difficult to arrange a large number of laser emitting units and laser receiving units, which results in insufficient arrangement number of light rays in the flow field, and thus the available measurement information is limited, resulting in poor measurement results.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an optical measuring device for measuring combustion field gas parameters, which can solve the problem of poor measuring results caused by insufficient light distribution quantity in a flow field in the prior art.
The invention provides an optical measuring device for measuring combustion field gas parameters, which comprises a laser emitting module and a laser receiving module, wherein the laser emitting module and the laser receiving module are positioned on two opposite sides of a flow field; the laser emission module comprises a collimation unit and a light-shape conversion unit arranged on the light-emitting side of the collimation unit; the collimation unit is used for converting an incident laser beam into a collimated beam; the light shape conversion unit is used for converting the collimated light beam into a fan-shaped surface light source; the laser receiving module comprises a deflection unit arranged in an irradiation area of the fan-shaped surface light source and a focusing unit arranged on a light outlet side of the deflection unit; the deflection unit is used for converting the fan-shaped light source into collimated light; the focusing unit is used for focusing the collimated light converted by the deflection unit.
Optionally, the optical measurement apparatus further includes a protection unit disposed on the light exit side of the light shape conversion unit and the light entrance side of the deflection unit, and the protection unit is configured to block heat impact of the flow field on the light shape conversion unit and the deflection unit.
Optionally, the deflection unit includes a plurality of deflection members arranged in a row, and the deflection members are used for converting fan-shaped light rays irradiated thereon into collimated light rays; the focusing unit comprises a plurality of focusing pieces arranged in rows, each focusing piece corresponds to each deflection piece, and the focusing pieces are used for focusing the collimated light converted by the corresponding deflection pieces.
Optionally, the optical measurement apparatus further includes a single mode fiber located at the light incident side of the collimating unit, where the single mode fiber is configured to output a laser beam to the collimating unit.
Optionally, the optical measurement device further includes a plurality of multimode optical fibers located at the light exit side of the focusing unit, and each multimode optical fiber corresponds to each focusing element; the focusing member may focus the collimated light converted by the deflecting member onto the multimode optical fiber.
Optionally, the collimating unit is an aspheric collimating lens; and the output end surface of the single-mode optical fiber is positioned at the focus of the aspheric collimating lens.
Optionally, the light shape conversion unit is a free-form lens.
Optionally, the deflecting element is a deflecting prism, and the inclined plane angle of each deflecting prism is different.
Optionally, the focusing member is a focusing lens.
Optionally, the protection unit allows light to pass through, and a light emitting surface of the protection unit is an extension surface of a wall surface of the flow channel.
Optionally, the protection unit is window glass.
Optionally, an included angle of 1-3 degrees exists between the light incident surface and the light emergent surface of the window glass.
The invention can produce the beneficial effects that:
1) the optical measuring device provided by the invention converts laser output by the single-mode optical fiber into a fan-shaped surface light source from a linear light source by utilizing the collimation unit and the light shape conversion unit, and the fan-shaped surface light source is subjected to beam splitting and coupled into the multi-mode optical fiber by utilizing the deflection unit and the focusing unit after passing through a flow field. In the invention, the light passing through the flow field is a sector light source, so that the distribution quantity and the coverage range of the light in the flow field are greatly improved, more measurement information is provided for the TDLAT, and a better measurement result can be obtained. In addition, the invention uses the deflection unit and the focusing unit to split and couple the light beam of the fan-shaped area light source, and focuses and receives the divergent fan-shaped light, thereby improving the intensity of the received signal.
2) According to the optical measuring device provided by the invention, the free-form surface lens is used as the light shape conversion unit, so that the conversion from the linear light source to the fan-shaped light source can be realized by only one optical device, the whole optical measuring device is more compact in structure, the influence caused by the deviation of the device is smaller when the platform vibrates, and the stability is better. In addition, when the free-form surface lens is used for converting the linear light source into the fan-shaped light source, the curve surface parameters of the free-form surface lens can be designed according to the incident position of the linear light source and the projected fan-shaped light angle, so that the light distribution is very flexible.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical measurement apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a theoretical calculation result of the uniformity of the light intensity at the receiving end of the short side of the free-form surface lens according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a theoretical calculation result of the uniformity of the light intensity at the receiving end of the short side of the free-form surface lens according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an optical schematic diagram of a receiving end of an optical measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a light distribution effect of a fan-shaped area light source according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of orthogonal distributed ray arrangement provided by the prior art;
FIG. 7 is a schematic temperature distribution diagram of a first model according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a concentration distribution of model one according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic temperature distribution diagram of a second model according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the concentration distribution of model two according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic temperature distribution diagram of a model III according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the concentration distribution of model three provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a model-temperature reconstruction using a fan of light according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a temperature reconstruction of a model using parallel light according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of temperature reconstruction of a model II using a fan beam according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a second temperature reconstruction of a model using parallel light according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of three temperature reconstructions of a model using a fan-shaped light according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of three temperature reconstructions of a model using parallel light according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of model-concentration reconstruction using fan light according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of model-concentration reconstruction using collimated light according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of model two-concentration reconstruction using fan light according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of model two-concentration reconstruction using parallel light according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of a three-concentration reconstruction using a fan-shaped light pair model according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 24 is a schematic diagram of three-concentration reconstruction using a parallel light pair model according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
The embodiment of the invention provides an optical measuring device for measuring combustion field gas parameters, as shown in fig. 1, the optical measuring device comprises a laser emitting module and a laser receiving module which are positioned on two opposite sides of a flow field; the laser emission module comprises a collimation unit 11 and a light shape conversion unit 12 arranged on the light emitting side of the collimation unit 11; the collimating unit 11 is used for converting an incident laser beam into a collimated beam; the light shape conversion unit 12 is used for converting the collimated light beam into a fan-shaped area light source; the laser receiving module comprises a deflection unit 13 arranged in the sector light source irradiation area and a focusing unit 14 arranged on the light emitting side of the deflection unit 13; the deflection unit 13 is used for converting the fan-shaped light source into collimated light; the focusing unit 14 is used for focusing the collimated light converted by the deflecting unit 13.
Referring to fig. 1, the laser emitting module includes a collimating unit 11 and a light shape converting unit 12, where the collimating unit 11 is configured to convert an incident laser beam into a collimated light beam, and a specific structure of the collimating unit 11 in the embodiment of the present invention is not limited as long as a collimating function can be achieved. The collimating unit 11 may be a collimating lens, or a lens assembly composed of a plurality of lenses and capable of performing a collimating function. In practical applications, the collimating unit 11 may select an aspheric collimating lens to obtain a better collimating effect.
The light shape conversion unit 12 is configured to convert the collimated light beam into a fan-shaped area light source, and the specific structure of the light shape conversion unit 12 is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention as long as the fan-shaped light conversion can be achieved. For example, the light shape conversion unit 12 may be a free-form lens, or may be a conversion component formed by combining a prism and a lens to realize fan-shaped light conversion. In the embodiment of the invention, a free-form surface lens can be selected as the light shape conversion unit 12, so that the conversion from a linear light source to a fan-shaped light source can be realized by only one optical device, the whole optical measuring device has a more compact structure, the influence caused by the offset of the device is smaller when the platform vibrates, and the stability is better. In addition, when the free-form surface lens is used for converting the linear light source into the fan-shaped light source, the curve surface parameters of the free-form surface lens can be designed according to the incident position of the linear light source and the projected fan-shaped light angle, so that the light distribution is very flexible.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the laser receiving module includes a deflection unit 13 and a focusing unit 14; the deflecting unit 13 may include a plurality of deflecting members arranged in a row for converting a fan-shaped light irradiated thereon into a collimated light; the focusing unit 14 may include a plurality of focusing elements arranged in a row, each focusing element corresponding to each deflecting element, for focusing the collimated light converted by the deflecting element corresponding thereto. The deflection unit 13 is formed by combining a plurality of deflection pieces, the number of the deflection pieces is not limited in the embodiment of the invention, and in practical application, the larger the number of the deflection pieces, the better the number of the deflection pieces is, so that more measurement data can be obtained, and the reconstruction resolution ratio is improved. The embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific structure of the deflecting device, as long as the collimating function is achieved. The deflecting component can be a deflecting prism, or a deflecting component composed of a lens and/or a prism and capable of achieving a collimation function. Because the deflecting prism has a simple structure and is convenient to realize, the embodiment of the invention can select the deflecting prism as the deflecting piece, and the minimum interval between the adjacent deflecting prisms can be set to be 5mm, so that more deflecting pieces can be arranged in an engine flow field with limited space to receive fan-shaped light, more measurement data can be obtained, and the improvement of reconstruction resolution is facilitated. It should be noted that, because the setting position of each deflecting member is different, the incident angle of the incident light irradiated on each deflecting member is different, and the angle of the light that each deflecting member needs to deflect is also different, so the inclination angle of the light incident surface of each deflecting member is different. In practical application, the bevel angle of each deflection prism can be calculated according to the refractive index of the light in the prism medium, so that the sector light splitting area is collimated.
The focusing unit 14 is formed by combining a plurality of focusing elements, the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific structure and size of the focusing element, in practical applications, a focusing lens may be selected as the focusing element, and a person skilled in the art may design the position and size of the focusing lens according to the deflected fan-shaped beam angle and the position of the receiving end surface of the multimode optical fiber 17, so as to focus the light into the multimode optical fiber 17. When the minimum interval between adjacent deflection prisms in the deflection unit 13 is set to 5mm, the interval of the focusing lenses in the focusing unit 14 is also set to 5 mm.
The optical measuring device provided by the invention converts laser output by a single mode optical fiber 16 into a fan-shaped surface light source from a linear light source by utilizing a collimation unit 11 and a light shape conversion unit 12, and the fan-shaped surface light source is subjected to beam splitting by utilizing a deflection unit 13 and a focusing unit 14 after passing through a flow field and is coupled into a multimode optical fiber 17. In the invention, the light passing through the flow field is a sector light source, so that the distribution quantity and the coverage range of the light in the flow field are greatly improved, more measurement information is provided for the TDLAT, and a better measurement result can be obtained. In addition, the invention uses the deflecting unit 13 and the focusing unit 14 to split and couple the light beam of the fan-shaped area light source, and focuses and receives the divergent fan-shaped light, thus improving the intensity of the received signal.
Referring to fig. 1, the optical measurement apparatus may further include a protection unit 15 disposed at the light-emitting side of the light shape conversion unit 12 and the light-entering side of the deflection unit 13, where the protection unit 15 is configured to block heat impact of the flow field on the light shape conversion unit 12 and the deflection unit 13. Therefore, the damage or inaccurate measuring result caused by the impact of heat in the flow field on the optical elements in the laser transmitting module and the laser receiving module can be avoided. In addition, the protection unit 15 allows light to pass through, and the light exit surface of the protection unit 15 is an extension surface of the wall surface of the flow channel. Therefore, the original form of the flow field can be ensured not to be damaged by a measuring element in the optical measuring device, and the measurement accuracy of the gas parameters in the flow field is ensured.
In practical application, the window glass can be selected as the protection unit 15, and an included angle of 1-3 degrees can be formed between the light incident surface and the light emergent surface of the window glass, so that the influence of light reflection inside the window glass on the measurement result can be weakened.
Referring to fig. 1, the optical measuring device may further include a single-mode fiber 16 located at the light incident side of the collimating unit 11, and the single-mode fiber 16 is configured to output a laser beam to the collimating unit 11. When the collimating unit 11 is an aspheric collimating lens, the output end face of the single-mode fiber 16 is located at the focal point of the aspheric collimating lens. The optical measuring device may further include a plurality of multimode optical fibers 17 located at the light exit side of the focusing unit 14, each multimode optical fiber 17 corresponding to each focusing member; the focusing member focuses the collimated light converted by the deflecting member onto the multimode optical fiber 17.
When the light shape conversion unit 12 is a free-form surface lens, the surface parameters of the free-form surface lens can be designed according to the projection requirement of the fan-shaped light, and the design method of the surface type is as follows:
(i) and determining the sector light emission position and the receiving position, and designing an incident light surface and a projection image surface. The gaussian beam intensity distribution of the incident light is:
wherein, R is the coordinate along the direction of the beam waist to the outside direction; ω represents the Gaussian beam waist; a (x) represents the energy integral contained by the gaussian beam within a circle of radius x.
The intensity distribution of the projection image surface is as follows:
B(t)＝EtK；
wherein, B is the Gaussian beam intensity, E is the light intensity distribution of the projection image surface, and K is the width of the projection target surface; t is the position coordinate of a certain position on the linear light source;
(ii) establishing a mapping relation between an incident light surface and a projection image surface, and setting a (x) to b (t) as follows: when x tends to infinity, t approaches the width H of the target projection surface, and the obtained value
(iii) Establishing a mapping relation among the free-form surface, the incident light surface and the projection light surface: let the incident light vector be
The outgoing light vector is
Wherein
The normal vector of the free surface is:
where f is the free form surface equation f (x, y, z). According to the law of refraction
Establishing a mapping relation between the free curved surface f and a projection image surface;
(iv) and (5) solving the partial differential equation established in the step (iii) by a numerical method to obtain the surface type distribution of the free-form surface f.
The free-form surface lens can be made of ZnSe material and is processed with high precision by a diamond lathe. Taking the measured flow field as 50mm × 70mm as an example, the fan-shaped surface light is in the direction parallel to the receiving end surface, and fig. 2 shows the theoretical calculation result of the intensity uniformity of the optical fiber at the receiving end of the short side (10 paths) of the free-form surface lens; fig. 3 shows the theoretical calculation result of the intensity uniformity of the optical fiber at the receiving end of the long side (14 paths) of the free-form surface lens, wherein the light spot uniformity of the emitting end of the system of the short side 10 paths is 92%, the system uniformity of the long side 14 paths is 78%, and the uniformity is greater than 50% of the design.
In order to compare the influence of the optical layout of the invention and the traditional parallel light layout on TDLAT reconstruction, a reconstruction area of 20cm multiplied by 20cm is given, the probe installation interval is set to be 1cm, and 80 probes can be installed in the reconstruction area. Referring to fig. 6, the conventional probe-to-probe light distribution method distributes 40 lights under the above-described conditions; referring to fig. 5, 76 rays can be arranged by using the optical system provided by the present invention, and the number of rays is almost twice as large as that of the conventional method.
To verify the validity of the light layoutThe embodiment of the invention designs a reconstruction model of temperature and gas concentration, wherein the temperature and the concentration both adopt a double Gaussian distribution model, and the expression f of the model2-GaussAs follows:
fpara(a1，a2，b)＝b-(x-a1)2-(y-a2)2；
f2-Gauss＝k1·fGauss(μ1，σ1，μ2，σ2)+k2·fGauss(μ3，σ3，μ4，σ4)
+k3·fpara(μ1，μ2，b1)+k4·fpara(μ3，μ4，b2)+k5；
wherein f isGaussIs a Gaussian distribution function, mu1，μ2For peak point position, σ1，σ2The standard deviation of the Gaussian function in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction is obtained; f. ofparaAs a function of parabolic distribution, a1，a2Is the central position of the paraboloid, and b is an offset parameter; f. of2-GasussFrom 2 fGaussAnd 2 fparaCombined formation of ki(i is 1, 2, 3, 4) is a weight coefficient, k5Is an offset parameter.
Three reconstruction models were constructed by changing the positions, standard deviations and value ranges of the gaussian peaks, as shown in fig. 7 to 12, wherein the peak positions and standard deviations of the temperature models are respectively shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
| Parameter(s) | μ1 | μ2 | σ1 | σ2 | μ3 | μ4 | σ3 | σ4 |
| Model 1 | -2.5 | 1 | 1.5 | 1 | 2.5 | -2 | 1 | 1.2 |
| Model 2 | -2 | 0 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 2.5 | -1.5 | 1 | 1.2 |
| Model 3 | -2 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 2.5 | -1.5 | 1.1 | 1.4 |
The peak positions and standard deviations of the concentration model are shown in table 2, respectively:
TABLE 2
| Parameter(s) | μ1 | μ2 | σ1 | σ2 | μ3 | μ4 | σ3 | σ4 |
| Model 1 | -2.5 | 1 | 1.5 | 1 | 2.5 | -2 | 1 | 1.2 |
| Model 2 | -2.5 | 0 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 2.5 | -1 | 1.2 | 1.1 |
| Model 3 | -2.5 | 0 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 2.5 | -1 | 1.2 | 1.1 |
Wherein the temperature value range is 500K-1300K, the concentration value range is 0.05-0.2, and the rest parameters of the model are obtained by adjusting the value range; FIGS. 7 and 8 are Gaussian distributions of model one reconstructed temperature and concentration, respectively; FIGS. 9 and 10 are Gaussian distributions of temperature and concentration, respectively, for model two reconstruction; fig. 11 and 12 are gaussian profiles of temperature and concentration, respectively, for the model three reconstructions.
Reconstructing by utilizing an ART algorithm (Algebraic Reconstruction algorithm), wherein temperature result schematic diagrams of three models respectively reconstructed by adopting fan-shaped light arrangement and parallel light arrangement are shown in fig. 13 to 18; the concentration results of the three models reconstructed using the fan light distribution and the parallel light distribution are shown in fig. 19 to 24. For quantitative comparison, the reconstruction error is defined as follows:
wherein f isrecParameters representing the reconstruction, frealRepresenting model parameters. As can be seen from the reconstruction errors in fig. 13 to 24, the fan-shaped light distribution provided by the present invention can realize reconstruction with higher accuracy.
Although the present application has been described with reference to a few embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the application as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. An optical measuring device for measuring combustion field gas parameters is characterized by comprising a laser emitting module and a laser receiving module which are positioned on two opposite sides of a flow field;
the laser emission module comprises a collimation unit and a light-shape conversion unit arranged on the light-emitting side of the collimation unit; the collimation unit is used for converting an incident laser beam into a collimated beam; the light shape conversion unit is used for converting the collimated light beam into a fan-shaped surface light source;
the laser receiving module comprises a deflection unit arranged in an irradiation area of the fan-shaped surface light source and a focusing unit arranged on a light outlet side of the deflection unit; the deflection unit is used for converting the fan-shaped light source into collimated light; the focusing unit is used for focusing the collimated light converted by the deflection unit;
the light shape conversion unit is a free-form surface lens;
the deflection unit comprises a plurality of deflection pieces arranged in rows, and the deflection pieces are used for converting fan-shaped light rays irradiated on the deflection pieces into collimated light rays;
the focusing unit comprises a plurality of focusing pieces arranged in rows, each focusing piece corresponds to each deflection piece, and the focusing pieces are used for focusing the collimated light converted by the corresponding deflection pieces.
2. The optical measuring device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a protection unit disposed on the light-emitting side of the light shape conversion unit and the light-emitting side of the deflection unit, wherein the protection unit is configured to block thermal impact of a flow field on the light shape conversion unit and the deflection unit.
3. An optical measuring device according to claim 1, further comprising a single mode optical fiber at the light entrance side of the collimating unit, the single mode optical fiber for outputting the laser beam to the collimating unit.
4. The optical measuring device of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of multimode optical fibers located at an exit side of the focusing unit, each multimode optical fiber corresponding to each focusing element; the focusing member may focus the collimated light converted by the deflecting member onto the multimode optical fiber.
5. An optical measuring device according to claim 3, wherein the collimating unit is an aspheric collimating lens; and the output end surface of the single-mode optical fiber is positioned at the focus of the aspheric collimating lens.
6. The optical measuring device of claim 1, wherein the deflecting member is a deflecting prism, and an angle of a slope of each of the deflecting prisms is different.
7. The optical measuring device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the protection unit allows light to pass through, and the light-emitting surface of the protection unit is an extension surface of the wall surface of the flow channel.
8. The optical measuring device of claim 7, wherein the protective unit is a window glass; an included angle of 1-3 degrees is formed between the light incident surface and the light emergent surface of the window glass.
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