CN110835677A - Method for improving sintered ore phase structure - Google Patents
Method for improving sintered ore phase structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN110835677A CN110835677A CN201911041973.9A CN201911041973A CN110835677A CN 110835677 A CN110835677 A CN 110835677A CN 201911041973 A CN201911041973 A CN 201911041973A CN 110835677 A CN110835677 A CN 110835677A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/2406—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
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Abstract
A method for improving a sinter ore phase structure is characterized in that an additive is added into a sinter mixture, and the additive comprises the following substances in parts by mass: h3BO310‑20，CaCl267‑85，NaCl 5‑10，KMnO41-3. The invention provides an additive which is designed by carrying out deep research and repeated tests aiming at improving the quality of sinter. The addition of the aqueous solution of the additive into the sintering mixture can promote the bonding of Fe3O4, calcium ferrite and dicalcium silicate to form an interweaving erosion structure in the sintering process, reduce the spot structure in the sintered ore, increase the stability of the mineral phase of the sintered ore, reduce the formation of dicalcium silicate, obviously promote the generation of needle-shaped calcium ferrite, increase the uniformity of the mineral phase of the sintered ore, effectively improve the microstructure of the sintered ore and improve the quality of the sintered ore.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sintering technology, in particular to a method for improving a sintered ore phase structure, belonging to the technical field of iron and steel smelting.
Background
The composition of the high-alkalinity sintering ore phases comprises hematite, magnetite, calcareous pumice and other metal phases and binding phases of calcium ferrite, silicate, vitreous and the like, wherein the calcium ferrite is an important binding phase for high-alkalinity sintering, the calcium ferrite has better reducibility and compressive strength, the quantity and the structure of the calcium ferrite in the sintering ore play a decisive role in the strength and the metallurgical performance of the sintering ore, the dicalcium silicate is also a common binding phase in the sintering ore, and the dicalcium silicate comprises 4 variants, namely α, α', β and gamma-type, but generally appears in the sintering ore as β and gamma-type dicalcium silicate, and the dicalcium silicate of type β can be converted into gamma-type dicalcium silicate during the cooling process of the high-temperature sintering ore, so that the volume expands, the sintering ore is automatically pulverized, the strength and the quality of the sintering ore are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving the phase structure of a sinter, which adds an additive into a sinter according to a proportion, thereby effectively improving the quantity and the structure of calcium ferrite in the sinter and achieving the purpose of improving the quality of the sinter.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for improving a sinter ore phase structure is characterized in that an additive is added into a sinter mixture, and the additive comprises the following substances in parts by mass: h3BO310-20，CaCl267-85，NaCl 5-10，KMnO41-3。
According to the method for improving the mineral phase structure of the sintered ore, the addition amount of the additive is 0.4-0.6 per mill of the sintered mixture.
According to the method for improving the phase structure of the sinter ore, the addition method of the additive comprises the following steps: weighing the additive according to the mixture ratio; mixing the additive and water according to the proportion of 1:100 of the additive and water, and fully stirring the mixture to prepare an additive solution; and in the sintering and first mixing process, all the additives are added into the sintering material and fully mixed, and then the second mixing and pelletizing are carried out.
The invention provides an additive which is designed by carrying out deep research and repeated tests aiming at improving the quality of sinter. The addition of the aqueous solution of the additive into the sintering mixture can promote the bonding of Fe3O4, calcium ferrite and dicalcium silicate to form an interweaving erosion structure in the sintering process, reduce the spot structure in the sintered ore, increase the stability of the mineral phase of the sintered ore, reduce the formation of dicalcium silicate, obviously promote the generation of needle-shaped calcium ferrite, increase the uniformity of the mineral phase of the sintered ore, effectively improve the microstructure of the sintered ore and improve the quality of the sintered ore.
Drawings
Fig. 1(a) is a mineral phase of a sintered ore showing a skeletal-crystalline hematite as such;
FIG. 1(b) is a mineral phase of a sintered ore showing a spot-like-granular structure as it is;
FIG. 1(c) is a mineral phase of a sintered ore as it is showing a structure of magnetite and silicate cementation;
FIG. 2(a) is a comparative example showing a corroded structure and a concentrated distribution of mineral phases of calcium ferrite;
fig. 2(b) is a comparative example showing the mineral phase of the skeletonized crystalline hematite;
FIG. 3(a) is a mineral phase of example 1 showing a concentrated distribution of plate-like, fibrous calcium ferrite;
FIG. 3(b) is the mineral phase of hematite showing the Tamorph-Automorphic distribution of example 1;
FIG. 4(a) is a mineral phase of example 2 showing a concentrated distribution of needle-like, fibrous calcium ferrite;
FIG. 4(b) shows the mineral phase of the erosion structure of example 2.
Detailed Description
The technical key point of the invention is that an additive capable of effectively improving the quality of the sinter is added into the sinter mixture. The additive comprises the following components in parts by mass: h3BO310-20，CaCl267-85，NaCl 5-10，KMnO41-3. In the additiveH3BO3The calcium ferrite enters a lattice space lattice to form a solid solution under the high-temperature condition, so that the stability of the calcium ferrite is improved; CaCl2The function of the sintering furnace is to prevent reduction degradation of the sintering ore; based on that Na is more active than Ca, a certain amount of NaCl is added into the additive, and experiments prove that the additive is beneficial to the sintering and mineralization process;
KMnO in the additive4The functions of the method are as follows: KMnO4Belongs to strong oxidant, can release oxygen under high temperature condition, ensures the oxidizing atmosphere of sintering process, promotes the oxidation of iron low-valence oxidation, especially the oxidation of magnetite, because Fe3O4 can not directly react with CaO to generate calcium ferrite, if the magnetite can not be oxidized into hematite, the obtained sintering ore mainly consists of magnetite and silicate. The KMnO4 in the additive can ensure that magnetite is oxidized in the sintering process, Fe3O4 is oxidized into Fe2O3, the reaction capability of Fe2O3 generated by new oxidation and CaO is stronger, more needle-shaped calcium ferrite can be generated at higher alkalinity and low sintering temperature, and the quality of sintered ore is improved.
The test shows that KMnO4The addition amount of KMnO4 is a non-ferrous substance, excessive addition of KMnO4 reduces the iron-containing grade of the sinter, KMnO4 is a strong oxidant and is expensive, so KMnO is expensive in terms of cost and sinter quality4The content of (B) is controlled to be 3%. Tests show that the invention has the main advantages of promoting the bonding of Fe3O4, calcium ferrite and dicalcium silicate to form an interweaving erosion structure in the sintering process, reducing the spot structure in the sintering ore, increasing the stability of the mineral phase of the sintering ore, reducing the formation of dicalcium silicate, promoting the generation of needle-shaped calcium ferrite, increasing the uniformity of the mineral phase of the sintering ore and effectively improving the microstructure of the sintering ore.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1: preparing an additive according to the following mass portions: h3BO315 parts of CaCl272 parts of NaCl 10 parts of KMnO42 parts of (1); dissolving 0.02kg of additive in 2kg of water to prepare an additive solution; and (3) sintering cup test: using a 50kg sinter pot, burnAnd (3) combining 40kg of mixed material, adding the prepared additive solution during the first mixing, fully and uniformly mixing, and pelletizing the mixture by using a roller pelletizer for 8min, wherein the moisture of the sintered mixed material is controlled to be about 7.5%. In order to prevent the liquid phase generated in the sintering process from adhering to the grate bars, 1kg of sintering ore with the grain diameter of 10-16mm is placed on the grate bars of the sintering cup before the sintering is started to be used as a bedding material, the loading amount of the sintering mixture is controlled to be about 40kg, and the layer thickness is controlled to be 650 mm. And (3) adopting liquefied petroleum gas to carry out sintering ignition, controlling the sintering ignition temperature to be 1100 ℃, the sintering ignition time to be 1.5min, controlling the sintering ignition negative pressure to be 8KPa, controlling the negative pressure in the sintering process to be 12KPa, taking the sintering end point when the sintering waste gas temperature begins to decrease from the highest point, and finishing sintering when the waste gas temperature decreases from the highest point to 150 ℃, thus obtaining the sintered ore of the embodiment 1.
Example 2: preparing an additive according to the following mass portions: h3BO310 parts of CaCl285 parts of NaCl, 5 parts of KMnO43 parts of a mixture; dissolving 0.02kg of additive in 2kg of water to prepare an additive solution; and (3) sintering cup test: and (3) using a 50kg sintering cup, sintering 40kg of mixed material, adding the prepared additive solution during first mixing, fully mixing, pelletizing by using a roller pelletizer for the second mixing, wherein the pelletizing time is 8min, and the moisture content of the sintered mixed material is controlled to be about 7.5%. In order to prevent the liquid phase generated in the sintering process from adhering to the grate bars, 1kg of sintering ore with the grain diameter of 10-16mm is placed on the grate bars of the sintering cup before the sintering is started to be used as a bedding material, the loading amount of the sintering mixture is controlled to be about 40kg, and the layer thickness is controlled to be 650 mm. And (3) adopting liquefied petroleum gas to carry out sintering ignition, controlling the sintering ignition temperature to be 1100 ℃, the sintering ignition time to be 1.5min, controlling the sintering ignition negative pressure to be 8KPa, controlling the negative pressure in the sintering process to be 12KPa, taking the sintering end point when the sintering waste gas temperature begins to decrease from the highest point, and finishing sintering when the waste gas temperature decreases from the highest point to 150 ℃, thus obtaining the sintered ore of the embodiment 2.
Example 3: preparing an additive according to the following mass portions: h3BO320 portions of CaCl267 parts, NaCl 7 parts, KMnO41 part; dissolving 0.02kg of additive in 2kg of water to prepare an additive solution; and (3) sintering cup test: 50kg of sinter pot, 40kg of sinter mix, 1And adding the prepared additive solution during mixing, fully and uniformly mixing, wherein a roller pelletizer is adopted for pelletizing for the second mixture, the pelletizing time is 8min, and the moisture of the sintering mixture is controlled to be about 7.5%. In order to prevent the liquid phase generated in the sintering process from adhering to the grate bars, 1kg of sintering ore with the grain diameter of 10-16mm is placed on the grate bars of the sintering cup before the sintering is started to be used as a bedding material, the loading amount of the sintering mixture is controlled to be about 40kg, and the layer thickness is controlled to be 650 mm. And (3) adopting liquefied petroleum gas to carry out sintering ignition, controlling the sintering ignition temperature to be 1100 ℃, the sintering ignition time to be 1.5min, controlling the sintering ignition negative pressure to be 8KPa, controlling the negative pressure in the sintering process to be 12KPa, taking the sintering end point when the sintering waste gas temperature begins to decrease from the highest point, and finishing sintering when the waste gas temperature decreases from the highest point to 150 ℃, thus obtaining the sintered ore of the embodiment 3.
Comparative example: get H3BO315 parts of CaCl285 parts of a comparative additive is prepared, and 0.02kg of the comparative additive is dissolved in 2kg of water to prepare a comparative additive solution; the comparative example solution was used to prepare a comparative example sintered ore according to the test method of the beaker of the above example.
The sintered ores of the above examples 1 and 2, the sintered ore of the comparative example and the original sintered ore without any additive were subjected to mineral phase analysis and detection, and the detection results are shown in the following table (volume percentage).
Mineral composition content%
As can be seen from the above table, the main binder phases of the original sintered ore are calcium ferrite and dicalcium silicate, and the dicalcium silicate undergoes phase change and volume expansion during the reduction process of the sintered ore, thereby affecting the reduction degradation performance of the sintered ore. The comparative examples and examples show an increase in the amount of calcium ferrite, a decrease in the amount of dicalcium silicate and magnetite, and a slight change in the vitreous content, as compared with the original samples. Compared with the comparative proportion, the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that the quantity of the calcium ferrite is increased, and the quantity of the dicalcium silicate is reduced.
And (3) performing ore phase analysis on the sintered ore, taking the sintered ore of the embodiment, the sintered ore of the comparative example and the sintered ore without any additive, respectively preparing the sintered ore into light sheets, and performing ore phase system identification on the sintered ore by using a Leica DM4P type polarizing microscope. The composition of various minerals is identified according to the microstructure, the appearance and the color of various minerals by using the knowledge of lithofacies, mineral crystallography and crystal optics. The mineral content is volume percentage content, which is determined by the Leica DM4P polarization microscope with image analysis software by using the color difference analysis method.
FIG. 1(a), FIG. 1(b) and FIG. 1(c) are mineral phases of sintered ore raw material. As can be seen, the original structure of the sintered ore is not uniform, mainly has a spot-shaped structure, and partially has an interweaving ablation structure. The pores are different in size, uneven in distribution, more in pores and irregular in shape, and the porosity is 30% -35%. The content of calcium ferrite in the sintered ore is less, and the calcium ferrite is distributed in a plate shape and a block shape; the hematite is more in quantity, and the hematite is mostly in a shape of other crystals, semi-self-shaped crystals and a structure of skeleton crystals, and is distributed in the middle of the sinter besides being distributed on the edge of the sinter, as shown in a figure 1(a), the structure has a large influence on the strength of the sinter. The magnetite is mainly in semi-self-shape crystal, the content of silicate glass phase is high, and part of the self-shape magnetite is cemented by vitreous to form a spot-shaped structure, as shown in figure 1 (c).
Fig. 2(a) and 2(b) show the mineral phases of the comparative examples. It can be seen from the figure that the mineral phase structure of the sintered ore of the comparative example is not uniform, mostly in a spot-shaped and sheet-shaped structure, and partially in an interweaving ablation structure. The pores are different in size, uneven in distribution, more in pores and irregular in shape, and the porosity is 35% -40%. By comparing fig. 1(a), fig. 1(b) and fig. 1(c), the content of calcium ferrite in the sintered ore of the comparative example is increased, the calcium ferrite is mostly in a fibrous and plate-shaped structure, the magnetite is mainly in a semi-self-shaped and non-self-shaped crystal, and part of non-self-shaped magnetite is cemented by the calcium ferrite and dicalcium silicate to form an interweaving and eroding structure, as shown in fig. 2 (a). Hematite is mostly semi-amorphous, and mostly has a skeleton structure, and is mostly distributed at the edge of a sample ore or the edge of a pore, as shown in fig. 2 (b).
Fig. 3(a) and 3(b) show mineral phases in example 1 of the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, the sintered ore phase structure is more uniform, and most of the sintered ore phase structure is calcium ferrite and magnetite with an interweaved ablation structure, and a small amount of spot-shaped structures are distributed. The pores are different in size, uneven in distribution, irregular in shape, and communicated with one another, and the porosity is 30% -35%. Most of the calcium ferrite in the sintered ore has a short plate-like and fibrous calcium ferrite structure. The magnetite is mainly in other shape and semi-self-shape crystal and forms an ablation structure with the calcium ferrite. Hematite is in a shape of other-semi-autogenous crystal, and appears locally at the pore edge or sinter edge, as shown in fig. 3 (b).
Fig. 4(a) and 4(b) show mineral phases in example 2 of the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, the mineral phase structure of the sinter is relatively uniform, and the interweaving erosion structure formed by the calcium ferrite and the magnetite is mainly used as the main mineral phase, so that the structure is beneficial to increasing the strength of the sinter. The pores have different sizes, regular shapes and uneven distribution, and the porosity is 35 to 40 percent. The sintered ore contains more calcium ferrite, which mostly forms a melt-etched structure with magnetite and is needle-shaped and fibrous. The magnetite is mainly in a shape of other shape and is mainly cemented by calcium ferrite, dicalcium silicate, calcium forsterite and vitreous to form a spot-shaped-granular structure; hematite is mainly in the shape of other crystals, and is less in content and only partially appears at the edges of the ore sample, as shown in fig. 4 (b).
Compared with the original ore and the comparative ore, the sintered ore has the advantages that the uniformity of the ore phase structure is increased, the quantity of calcium ferrite is obviously increased, the structure is changed into a needle shape or a fiber shape from a block shape or a short plate shape, and the sintered ore is cemented with magnetite, dicalcium silicate, vitreous and the like to form a corrosion structure, so that the strength is increased. And the proportion of the spot-granular structure with lower medium strength is reduced, and the mineral phase structure of the sinter is improved.
Claims (3)
1. A method for improving the phase structure of a sinter ore, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: adding an additive into the sintering mixture, wherein the additive comprises the following substances in parts by mass: h3BO310-20，CaCl267-85，NaCl5-10，KMnO41-3。
2. The method of improving the phase structure of a sinter ore according to claim 1, wherein: the addition amount of the additive is 0.4-0.6 per mill of the sintering mixture.
3. The method of improving the phase structure of a sinter ore according to claim 2, wherein: the addition method of the additive comprises the following steps: weighing the additive according to the mixture ratio; mixing the additive and water according to the proportion of 1:100 of the additive and water, and fully stirring the mixture to prepare an additive solution; and in the sintering and first mixing process, all the additives are added into the sintering material and fully mixed, and then the second mixing and pelletizing are carried out.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112342372A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2021-02-09 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Method for improving microstructure of sinter |
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