CN110831206B - Wireless resource scheduling method and device applied to vehicle-associated heterogeneous network - Google Patents

Wireless resource scheduling method and device applied to vehicle-associated heterogeneous network Download PDF

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CN110831206B
CN110831206B CN201911087839.2A CN201911087839A CN110831206B CN 110831206 B CN110831206 B CN 110831206B CN 201911087839 A CN201911087839 A CN 201911087839A CN 110831206 B CN110831206 B CN 110831206B
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vehicle user
request
vehicle
type
rate
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CN110831206A (en
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张奇勋
冯志勇
蔡逸飞
张轶凡
尉志青
黄赛
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Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
    • H04W72/543—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria based on requested quality, e.g. QoS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/56—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a wireless resource scheduling method and a wireless resource scheduling device applied to a vehicle-connected heterogeneous network, which are applied to the field of vehicle networking, and the method comprises the following steps: in each resource scheduling period, receiving at least one service request which is sent by each vehicle user and comprises a first type request, a second type request and a third type request; storing each received second type request and each received third type request in a designated cache region; allocating time-frequency Resource Blocks (RB) of an LTE-V frequency band in a preset resource pool comprising LET-V and NR-V2X frequency bands for each vehicle user sending the first type request; and after the RB allocation of each vehicle user sending the first type request is finished, extracting a plurality of target requests from the requests stored in the specified cache region, and allocating the RB for each vehicle user sending the target requests from the residual resources in the preset resource pool. Therefore, spectrum resources are distributed in the vehicle-connected heterogeneous network aiming at different types of services on the premise of ensuring the service quality of the services.

Description

Wireless resource scheduling method and device applied to vehicle-associated heterogeneous network
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a wireless resource scheduling method and device applied to a vehicle-associated heterogeneous network.
Background
With the continuous improvement of automobile holding capacity, road traffic flow is increased rapidly, traffic jam and traffic accidents become prominent problems in road traffic, particularly urban traffic, and the intelligent level and the automatic driving capability of vehicles can be effectively improved by establishing a Vehicle networking system through V2X (Vehicle to outside information exchange) communication. In the face of limited spectrum resources, a carrier aggregation technology is utilized to extend an LTE-V (Long Term Evolution-Vehicle) frequency band to an NR-V2X (New Radio-Vehicle to Evolution) frequency band, so that the spectrum resources can be expanded, and a higher transmission rate is provided to adapt to an advanced V2X application scene.
Most of the existing wireless resource scheduling methods applied to the internet of vehicles are allocated for single-type services. Even if the wireless resource scheduling can be performed uniformly for different types of services. In fact, different types of services have different requirements for delay, packet loss rate, throughput, and the like, and radio resource allocation needs to be performed for the various types of services based on the characteristics of the different services. In addition, the existing research scheme does not consider the scene of the vehicle-linked heterogeneous network under the LTE-V frequency band and the NR-V2X frequency band, so that the stability of the LTE-V frequency band access and the large bandwidth of the NR-V2X frequency band cannot be effectively utilized.
Therefore, on the premise of ensuring the service quality of various services, how to allocate spectrum resources for different types of services in the vehicle-associated heterogeneous network is an urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a wireless resource scheduling method and device applied to a vehicle-connected heterogeneous network, so as to realize the purpose of allocating spectrum resources for different types of services in the vehicle-connected heterogeneous network on the premise of ensuring the service quality of various services.
The embodiment of the invention provides a wireless resource scheduling method applied to a vehicle-associated heterogeneous network, which is applied to a base station side resource scheduler, and the method comprises the following steps:
in each resource scheduling period, receiving at least one service request sent by each vehicle user, wherein the at least one service request comprises at least one of a first type request, a second type request and a third type request, the first type request is used for requesting resources for basic security services, the second type request is used for requesting resources for advanced security services, and the third type request is used for requesting resources for efficiency improvement services;
storing each received second type request and each received third type request in a designated cache region;
allocating a time-frequency resource block RB of a long term evolution LTE-V frequency band in a preset resource pool for each vehicle user sending the first type request, wherein the preset resource pool comprises the LTE-V frequency band and a new air interface NR-V2X frequency band;
and after the RB allocation of each vehicle user sending the first type of request is finished, extracting a plurality of target requests from the requests stored in the specified cache region, and allocating the RB for each vehicle user sending the target request from the residual resources in the preset resource pool.
Optionally, the allocating a time-frequency resource block RB of a long term evolution LTE-V frequency band in a preset resource pool to each vehicle user sending the first type of request includes:
assigning a first set of rates to each vehicle user that sent the first type of request; wherein each rate in the first set of rates corresponds to a vehicle user sending a request of a first type;
acquiring the average transmission rate corresponding to the RB, wherein the average transmission rate corresponding to the RB is the rate when a data packet is transmitted through one RB;
calculating the number of resource blocks to be allocated to each vehicle user sending the first type request according to the first rate set and the average transmission rate corresponding to the RB;
and aiming at each vehicle user sending the first type request, allocating the RB of the LTE-V frequency band in the preset resource pool for the vehicle user according to the number of the resource blocks to be allocated to the vehicle user.
Optionally, the allocating a first rate set for each vehicle user sending the first type of request includes:
step one, determining a first utility function U (T) to be utilizedv)；
Wherein, U (T)v)＝βTH,v(Hv)+(1-β)Ta,v(Δav)
In the formula, TvTransmission interval, T, for transmitting data packets of the basic safety service to a vehicle subscriber vH,vMessage broadcast interval, T, to ensure safety of vehicle users va,vMessage broadcast interval, H, to ensure vehicle user v is located accuratelyvFor the headway of a vehicle user v, β represents a weighting factor for the vehicle user's need for safety and position tracking accuracy, Δ avThe absolute value of the acceleration difference for the vehicle user v with respect to the current time slot and the previous time slot;
step two, for each vehicle user sending a request of the first type, utilizing a function for maximizing the utility function U (T)v) The first optimization formula of the function value obtains the transmission interval of the data packet of the basic safety service transmitted by the vehicle user, wherein the first optimization formula is as follows:
Figure GDA0003376573320000031
constraint (1):
Figure GDA0003376573320000032
limitation (2): x is the number ofv,k∈{0,1},Tv∈(TH,v,Ta,v)
In the formula, xv,kVariable for determining whether a vehicle user v performs basic security service transmission on RB k, N being the number of vehicle users sending a first type of request, NbIs the number of RBs, T, allocated to the underlying security serviceH,vMessage broadcast interval, T, to ensure safety of vehicle users va,vMessage broadcasting interval for ensuring accurate positioning of vehicle users v, wherein limitation (1) indicates that one RB can only be scheduled to one vehicle user, and limitation (2) indicates that xv,kThe value range of (1) when the vehicle is allocated with RB and the value of 0 when RB is not allocated;
step three, aiming at each vehicle user sending the first type request, calculating the vehicle speed distributed for the vehicle user by using a speed calculation formula according to the transmission interval of the vehicle user for transmitting the basic safety service and the data packet of the basic safety service;
wherein the rate calculation formula is
Figure GDA0003376573320000033
Said rvRepresenting the vehicle speed, S, allocated for the vehicle user vBeaconSize, T, of data packet expressed as said underlying security servicevA transmission interval for transmitting data packets of the basic security service for a vehicle user v;
and step four, forming a first speed set by using the vehicle speed distributed to each vehicle user sending the first type request.
Optionally, allocating an RB to each vehicle user sending the target request from remaining resources in the preset resource pool, including:
assigning a second set of rates to each vehicle user that sent the target request; wherein each rate in the second set of rates corresponds to a vehicle user that sent the target request;
acquiring the average transmission rate corresponding to the RB, wherein the average transmission rate corresponding to the RB is the rate when a data packet is transmitted through one RB;
calculating the number of resource blocks to be allocated to each vehicle user sending the target request according to the second rate set and the average transmission rate corresponding to the RB;
and aiming at each vehicle user sending the target request, distributing the RB for the vehicle user from the residual resources of the preset resource pool according to the number of resource blocks to be distributed of the vehicle user.
Optionally, assigning a second set of rates to each vehicle user sending the target request comprises:
step one, determining a second utility function Ui,c,kWherein the second utility functionNumber Ui,c,kComprises the following steps:
Figure GDA0003376573320000041
in the formula, ri,c,kRepresenting the rate at which vehicle user i is allocated RB k on carrier c,
Figure GDA0003376573320000044
representing the average rate, U, to which the vehicle user i is assignedA-safeRepresenting a set of individual first vehicle users, UtrafficRepresenting a set of second vehicle users, the first vehicle being a vehicle user who sends a target request belonging to a second type of request, the second vehicle user being a vehicle user who sends a target request belonging to a third type of request; f (τ)i) For increasing the priority of the second vehicle user in RB allocation with waiting time exceeding a predetermined time, the f (τ)i) The definition is as follows:
Figure GDA0003376573320000042
τirepresenting the time for which the vehicle user i is waiting in said predetermined buffer zone, τmaxRepresenting a maximum waiting time that can be tolerated by the second vehicle user;
step two, utilizing a utility function U for maximization for each vehicle user sending a target requesti,c,kCalculating the vehicle speed of the vehicle user, wherein the second optimization formula is:
Figure GDA0003376573320000043
limitation (3):
Figure GDA0003376573320000051
in the formula, NiIs the number of RBs, v, allocated to a vehicle user iiThe average transmission rate corresponding to the RB in the flat fading state, k is the total number of vehicles needing RB allocation, BiFor the limit of the value size of the buffer, the limit condition (3) indicates that the vehicle user i is allocated a rate less than Bi，PiIs Ui,c,kIn a simplified form.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a wireless resource scheduling device applied to the vehicle-associated heterogeneous network, which is applied to a base station side resource scheduler, and the device comprises:
the system comprises a request receiving module, a resource scheduling module and a resource scheduling module, wherein the request receiving module is used for receiving at least one service request sent by each vehicle user in each resource scheduling period, the at least one service request comprises at least one of a first type request, a second type request and a third type request, the first type request is used for requesting resources for basic safety services, the second type request is used for requesting resources for advanced safety services, and the third type request is used for requesting resources for efficiency improvement services;
the request storage module is used for storing the received second type requests and the received third type requests in a specified cache region;
the first resource allocation module is used for allocating a time-frequency resource block RB of a long term evolution LTE-V frequency band in a preset resource pool for each vehicle user sending the first type request, wherein the preset resource pool comprises the LTE-V frequency band and a new air interface NR-V2X frequency band;
and the second resource allocation module is used for extracting a plurality of target requests from the requests stored in the specified cache region after the RB allocation of each vehicle user sending the first type of request is completed, and allocating the RB for each vehicle user sending the target request from the residual resources in the preset resource pool.
Optionally, the first resource allocation module includes:
a first rate allocation submodule for allocating a first rate set to each vehicle user sending a first type of request; wherein each rate in the first set of rates corresponds to a vehicle user sending a request of a first type;
a first rate obtaining sub-module, configured to obtain an average transmission rate corresponding to the RB;
the first resource calculation submodule is used for calculating the number of resource blocks to be allocated for each vehicle user sending the first type of request according to the first rate set and the average transmission rate corresponding to the RB;
and the first RB allocation submodule is used for allocating the RB of the LTE-V frequency band in the preset resource pool for each vehicle user sending the first type request according to the number of the resource blocks to be allocated to the vehicle user.
Optionally, the second resource allocation module includes:
a second rate allocation submodule for allocating a second rate set to each vehicle user sending the target request; wherein each rate in the second set of rates corresponds to a vehicle user that sent the target request;
a second rate obtaining sub-module, configured to obtain an average transmission rate corresponding to the RB;
the second resource calculation submodule is used for calculating the number of resource blocks to be allocated to each vehicle user sending the target request according to the second rate set and the average transmission rate corresponding to the RB;
and the second RB allocation submodule is used for allocating an RB for each vehicle user sending the target request from the residual resources of the preset resource pool according to the number of resource blocks to be allocated to the vehicle user.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a resource scheduler, which comprises a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface and the memory complete mutual communication through the communication bus;
a memory for storing a computer program;
and the processor is used for realizing any step of the wireless resource scheduling method applied to the vehicle-associated heterogeneous network provided by the embodiment of the invention when executing the program stored in the memory.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of any wireless resource scheduling method applied to the vehicle-associated heterogeneous network provided by the embodiment of the invention are realized.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer program product containing instructions, which when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute any one of the above-mentioned methods for scheduling radio resources applied to an in-vehicle heterogeneous network.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the embodiment of the invention provides a wireless resource scheduling method applied to a vehicle-connected heterogeneous network, which processes three different service requests by applying a resource scheduler; and considering the time delay requirements of different types of services, when processing different types of service requests, the processing priorities are different, and considering the different requirements of different services on wireless resources, an LTE-V frequency band or an NR-V2X frequency band is allocated to the services, so as to ensure the service quality of various services. Therefore, by the scheme, the effect of distributing the frequency spectrum resources for different types of services in the vehicle-connected heterogeneous network can be achieved on the premise of ensuring the service quality of various services. Of course, not all of the advantages described above need to be achieved at the same time in the practice of any one product or method of the invention.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a radio resource scheduling method applied to a vehicle-associated heterogeneous network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a scene diagram of a vehicle-connected heterogeneous network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a resource scheduling of the Internet of vehicles according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a radio resource scheduling apparatus applied to an in-vehicle heterogeneous network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a resource scheduler according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to realize that spectrum resources are allocated to different types of services in a vehicle-connected heterogeneous network on the premise of ensuring the service quality of various services, the embodiment of the invention provides a wireless resource scheduling method and a wireless resource scheduling device applied to the vehicle-connected heterogeneous network.
First, a radio resource scheduling method applied to a vehicle-associated heterogeneous network according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below.
The heterogeneous network in the embodiment of the invention is a heterogeneous network in an LTE-V frequency band and an NR-V2X frequency band. The LTE-V frequency band is 5905-5925MHz frequency band, and the NR-V2X frequency band is a 40MHz-200MHz frequency band reserved additionally in the 5.9GHz frequency band.
For understanding the method of the present embodiment, fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a mixed scenario of a Vehicle-to-Vehicle heterogeneous network V2V (Vehicle-to-Vehicle information exchange) and a Vehicle-to-Infrastructure information exchange V2I (Vehicle-to-Infrastructure information exchange). As shown in fig. 2, the V2I communication uses LTE-V-Cell (wide area cellular) communication standard based on LTE-Uu (LTE cellular communication) interface for data transmission, and uses a cross-band carrier aggregation technique to aggregate NR-V2X bands for bandwidth extension on the basis of LTE-V bands, thereby meeting the requirement of high rateAnd (6) obtaining. The V2V communication adopts LTE-V-Direct (short-range Direct communication) technology based on an LTE-PC5(LTE Direct communication) interface. Wherein each vehicle user VUE establishes at most one V2V link and one or two V2I links. Assuming that I vehicles are directly connected to the eNB by using a V2I transmission link, and other V vehicles are connected to the eNB by using a V2V communication method, or by using a one-hop method, that is, the vehicles already linked to the eNB are communicated with, as shown in fig. VUE1, VUE3, VUE4 and VUE5, users communicating by using V2V and V2I may be denoted as V ═ 1, 2. In addition, some of the i cars directly connected to the eNB have high bandwidth requirements, and are connected to the base station gNB/RSU and the base station eNB in a dual connection manner, as shown in fig. 2 by the vehicle VUE 2. The number of RBs available in the LTE-V authorized frequency band is NsNumber of RBs available in NR band is NgIn addition, the base station eNB and the base station gNB/RSU are respectively connected with the 4G core network EPC and the 5G core network NGC, and information interaction can be carried out between the base station eNB and the base station gNB/RSU.
In addition, the service types of the vehicle user are classified into a safe service and a non-safe service. The security service is divided into basic security service and advanced security service, and the non-security service is efficiency improvement service. In this embodiment, the basic security service data packet is transmitted through the V2V link in the vehicle-connected heterogeneous network, and the advanced security service and efficiency improvement service data packet is transmitted through the V2I link in the vehicle-connected heterogeneous network.
Specifically, the basic security service is also called a beacon message, and refers to a service for transmitting status information of a vehicle user, and is mainly transmitted at a frequency of 1 to 10Hz, and the transmission frequency of the beacon message can be adjusted according to information such as a position, a speed, and an acceleration of the vehicle user.
Advanced security services refer to video streaming services generated by a camera equipped by a vehicle user that can photograph the surrounding environment. After the vehicle users upload the videos to the server center for video analysis, the center can reconstruct the videos from different vehicle users so as to meet the requirements that different users may need different videos. For example, during driving at a complicated corner, a driver needs a bird's eye view around the vehicle and even turns to a live video on a road, so as to ensure driving safety.
The efficiency improvement service refers to a service capable of improving the driving efficiency of the vehicle user, for example, a real-time map update service. The transmission rates of these services vary with channel conditions and network loading conditions.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for scheduling radio resources applied to a vehicular heterogeneous network according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied to a resource scheduler for a base station, and includes the following steps:
s101, in each resource scheduling period, receiving at least one service request sent by each vehicle user, wherein the at least one service request comprises at least one of a first type of request, a second type of request and a third type of request, the first type of request is used for requesting resources for basic security services, the second type of request is used for requesting resources for advanced security services, and the third type of request is used for requesting resources for efficiency improvement services;
s102, storing the received second type requests and the received third type requests in a designated cache region;
the scheduler directly processes and sends the data packets of each first type request, and then processes and sends the data packets of each second type request and each third type request after the data packets of the first type request to be sent are processed, so that each received second type request and each received third type request are stored in the designated cache region.
The data packets of the service request in the buffer area may be arranged in a queue, and the data packets in the buffer area are arranged in the buffer area according to a waiting time sequence, or the data packets in the buffer area are arranged according to a size relationship of a time threshold, for example, the data packets with the waiting time of 0-5ms are randomly arranged in the buffer area, the data packets with the waiting time of 5-10ms are randomly arranged in the buffer area, but the arrangement sequence of the data packets with the waiting time of 5-10ms is before the data packets with the waiting time of 0-5 ms.
S103, allocating a time-frequency resource block RB of a long term evolution LTE-V frequency band in a preset resource pool for each vehicle user sending the first type request, wherein the preset resource pool comprises an LTE-V frequency band and a new air interface NR-V2X frequency band;
wherein, since the basic security service has the highest priority, the resource scheduling is performed for the basic security service first. Because the frequency spectrums of the LTE-V frequency band and the frequency band of the NR-V2X have difference, and the resources of the LTE-V authorized frequency band are limited, the data transmission rate provided by the LTE-V authorized frequency band is relatively small, but the low time delay of data packet transmission can be ensured, and the LTE-V authorized frequency band is suitable for transmitting basic security service data which guarantees the service quality.
For clarity of the scheme and clear layout, a specific implementation manner of the step of allocating the time-frequency resource blocks RB of the long term evolution LTE-V frequency band in the preset resource pool to each vehicle user sending the first type request is described below by way of example.
S104, after the RB allocation of each vehicle user sending the first type of request is completed, extracting a plurality of target requests from the requests stored in the designated cache region, and allocating the RB for each vehicle user sending the target requests from the residual resources in the preset resource pool.
Among the requests stored in the designated cache area, when extracting a plurality of target requests, the factor to be considered may be one or more. For example, priority may be set for the request of the vehicle user in the buffer by using the waiting time, the rate at which the vehicle user is allocated, and the size limit of the buffer, and the priority is taken as a consideration factor, at this time, the request of the vehicle user with a high priority may be selected as a target request; or, taking the waiting time as a consideration factor, at this time, the request of the vehicle user whose waiting time exceeds a predetermined threshold value can be selected as a target request; or, taking the queue rank of the request queue stored in the specified buffer area as a consideration, at this time, the top n requests may be selected as target requests.
For clarity and layout, the following description will be made by way of example of the step of allocating RBs to each vehicle user sending the target request from the remaining resources in the preset resource pool.
As can be seen from the above, the wireless resource scheduling method applied to the vehicle-associated heterogeneous network provided in the embodiment of the present invention processes three different service requests by using a resource scheduler; and considering the time delay requirements of different types of services, when processing different types of service requests, the processing priorities are different, and considering the different requirements of different services on wireless resources, an LTE-V frequency band or an NR-V2X frequency band is allocated to the services, so as to ensure the service quality of various services. Therefore, by the scheme, the effect of distributing the frequency spectrum resources for different types of services in the vehicle-connected heterogeneous network can be achieved on the premise of ensuring the service quality of various services.
The following describes in detail a specific implementation of the step of allocating time-frequency resource blocks RB of the LTE-V band in the preset resource pool for each vehicle user that sends the first type of request.
Illustratively, allocating time-frequency resource blocks RB of a long term evolution LTE-V frequency band in a preset resource pool for each vehicle user sending a first type of request includes steps a1-a 4:
step A1, assigning a first rate set for each vehicle user sending a first type of request; wherein each rate in the first set of rates corresponds to a vehicle user sending a request of a first type;
step A2, obtaining the average transmission rate corresponding to the RB, where the average transmission rate corresponding to the RB is the rate when a data packet is transmitted through one RB;
step A3, calculating the number of resource blocks to be allocated by each vehicle user sending the first type request according to the first rate set and the average transmission rate corresponding to the RB;
step A4, aiming at each vehicle user sending the first type request, and according to the number of resource blocks to be allocated by the vehicle user, allocating the RB of the LTE-V frequency band in the preset resource pool for the vehicle user.
Wherein, step a1 includes steps one to four:
specifically, step one, a first utility function U (T) to be utilized is determinedv)；
Wherein, U (T)v)＝βTH,v(Hv)+(1-β)Ta,v(Δav)
In the formula, TvTransmission interval, T, for transmitting data packets of the basic safety service to a vehicle subscriber vH,vMessage broadcast interval, T, to ensure safety of vehicle users va,vMessage broadcast interval, H, to ensure vehicle user v is located accuratelyvFor the headway of a vehicle user v, β represents a weighting factor for the vehicle user's need for safety and position tracking accuracy, Δ avThe absolute value of the acceleration difference for the vehicle user v with respect to the current time slot and the previous time slot;
in particular, TH,vTo ensure safe message broadcast intervals for vehicle users v. If the motion condition of the vehicle is stable, the neighbor vehicle can deduce the position of the vehicle user v through the previously received basic safety service data packet, and the vehicle user v can not send the basic safety service data packet in one or several time slots, so as to save resources. If the motion state of the vehicle is changed greatly, for example, the vehicle accelerates after passing through a traffic light at an intersection, and meets an emergency brake in an accident, the broadcasting interval of the basic safety service data packet needs to be shortened, so that the neighbor vehicle can accurately and timely know the state of the vehicle user v. Thus, the message broadcasting interval for ensuring the basic safety of the vehicle v is TH,vThe definition is as follows:
Figure GDA0003376573320000111
wherein HvThe headway of the vehicle user v is a measurement index for measuring the safety between the vehicle users and is defined as Hv＝LvU, wherein LvIs the distance between the vehicle user v and the neighboring vehicle, u is the current speed of the vehicle user v; hminPresetting a minimum headway time; hmaxPresetting a maximum headway; t ismaxMaximum transmission interval, T, of basic security service data packetsminBasic security service data packetA minimum transmission interval of (a);
Ta,vin order to ensure the message broadcasting interval of the vehicle user v with accurate positioning, the main reason for inaccurate estimation of the vehicle position is the sudden change of the vehicle speed, and the sudden change of the vehicle speed can be reflected by the change of the vehicle acceleration, so the message broadcasting interval for ensuring the accurate positioning of the vehicle user v is defined as Ta,vThe following were used:
Figure GDA0003376573320000121
wherein, Δ avFor the absolute value, | Δ a, of the acceleration difference of the vehicle user v with respect to the current time slot and the previous time slotmaxI is the absolute value of the acceleration difference of the vehicle user v with respect to the current time slot and the last time slot, e.g. the value of the maximum acceleration is A, the value of the maximum deceleration is-B, | Δ amax|＝|A-(-B)|；
Beta represents a weighting factor for the vehicle user's need for safety and position tracking accuracy, and is typically 0.5-1 because safety of the vehicle is generally more important.
Step two, for each vehicle user sending a request of the first type, utilizing a function for maximizing the utility function U (T)v) The first optimization formula of the function value obtains the transmission interval of the data packet of the basic safety service transmitted by the vehicle user, wherein the first optimization formula is as follows:
Figure GDA0003376573320000122
constraint (1):
Figure GDA0003376573320000123
limitation (2): x is the number ofv,k∈{0,1},Tv∈(TH,v,Ta,v)
In the formula, xv,kN is a variable for determining whether a vehicle user v performs basic security service transmission on RB kNumber of requesting vehicle users, NbIs the number of RBs, T, allocated to the underlying security serviceH,vMessage broadcast interval, T, to ensure safety of vehicle users va,vMessage broadcasting interval for ensuring accurate positioning of vehicle users v, wherein limitation (1) indicates that one RB can only be scheduled to one vehicle user, and limitation (2) indicates that xv,kThe value range of (1) when the vehicle is allocated with RB and the value of 0 when RB is not allocated;
step three, aiming at each vehicle user sending the first type request, calculating the vehicle speed distributed for the vehicle user by using a speed calculation formula according to the transmission interval of the vehicle user for transmitting the basic safety service and the data packet of the basic safety service;
wherein the rate calculation formula is
Figure GDA0003376573320000131
rvRepresenting the assigned vehicle speed for vehicle user v; sBeaconSize, T, of data packet expressed as said underlying security servicevA transmission interval for transmitting data packets of said basic security service for a vehicle user v.
SBeaconThe value of (a) is a preset value, and specifically, the value may be a value sufficient for transmitting the basic security service data packet, such as 6400 bits, 6000 bits, and the like.
Step four, using the vehicle speed distributed for each vehicle user sending the first type request to form a first speed set, which can be expressed as RV＝{r1,r2,…,rv}。
In step A3, according to the formula
Figure GDA0003376573320000132
Calculating the number of resource blocks to be allocated to each vehicle user sending the first type request, wherein N isVNumber of resource blocks to be allocated, R, for each vehicle user sending a request of the first typeVIs a first rate set, rRBIs the average transmission rate corresponding to the RB.
The following describes in detail the step of allocating RBs to each vehicle user sending the target request from the remaining resources in the preset resource pool.
Illustratively, allocating an RB from the remaining resources in the preset resource pool to each vehicle user sending the target request includes steps B1-B4:
step B1, allocating a second rate set for each vehicle user sending the target request; wherein each rate in the second set of rates corresponds to a vehicle user that sent the target request;
step B2, obtaining the average transmission rate corresponding to the RB, wherein the average transmission rate corresponding to the RB is the rate when a data packet is transmitted through one RB;
step B3, calculating the number of resource blocks to be allocated by each vehicle user sending the target request according to the second rate set and the average transmission rate corresponding to the RB;
and step B4, aiming at each vehicle user sending the target request, allocating the RB of the LTE-V frequency band in the preset resource pool for the vehicle user according to the number of the resource blocks to be allocated by the vehicle user.
Wherein, step B1 includes steps one to two:
step one, determining a second utility function Ui,c,kWherein the second utility function Ui,c,kComprises the following steps:
Figure GDA0003376573320000141
in the formula, ri,c,kRepresenting the rate at which vehicle user i is allocated RB k on carrier c,
Figure GDA0003376573320000145
representing the average rate, U, to which the vehicle user i is assignedA-safeRepresenting a set of individual first vehicle users, UtrafficRepresenting a set of users of respective second vehicles to which the first vehicle is to be sentA vehicle user of a target request of a second type of request, the second vehicle user being a vehicle user who sends a target request belonging to a third type of request; f (τ)i) For increasing the priority of said second vehicle user in RB allocation with a waiting time exceeding a predetermined duration, f (τ)i) The definition is as follows:
Figure GDA0003376573320000142
τirepresenting the time for which the vehicle user i is waiting in said predetermined buffer zone, τmaxRepresenting a maximum waiting time that can be tolerated by the second vehicle user; when tau isi>τmaxThen, the data packet waiting at the head of the queue is discarded, the original second data packet is changed into the head of the queue data packet, and the tau is recalculated according to the data packetiAnd f (τ)i)。
Step two, utilizing a utility function U for maximization for each vehicle user sending a target requesti,c,kCalculating a vehicle speed of the vehicle user;
illustratively, in one implementation, the second optimization formula is:
Figure GDA0003376573320000143
limitation (3):
Figure GDA0003376573320000144
in the formula, NiIs the number of RBs, v, allocated to a vehicle user iiThe average transmission rate corresponding to the RB in the flat fading state, k is the total number of vehicles needing RB allocation, BiFor the value size limitation of the buffer, the limitation (3) represents the allocated r of the vehicle user iiIs less than Bi，PiIs Ui,c,kIn a simplified form.
The second optimization formula is an integer programming problem that is simplified from a mixed integer programming problem, which is given by the following equation:
Figure GDA0003376573320000151
limitation (4)
Figure GDA0003376573320000152
xi,c,k∈{0,1},c∈C,k∈Nc
Limitation (5)
Figure GDA0003376573320000153
In the formula, yi,cThe frequency band used by the vehicle user i comprises an LTE-V frequency band and an NR-V2X frequency band, so that the index number c of the frequency band is 1 and 2, and when y is equal tov,cWhen the value is 1, the vehicle user i can only use the LTE-V frequency band, and when the value is yv,cWhen the frequency band is 2, the vehicle user i can use the LTE-V and NR-V2X frequency bands at the same time, because the transmission rates of the efficiency enhancement service and the advanced security service vary with channel conditions and network load conditions, because the NR-V2X frequency band has a larger available bandwidth than the LTE-V frequency band, a high data transmission rate can be provided, but the NR-V2X frequency band is accessed unstably, so that it is difficult to ensure the service quality of the real-time service, and therefore, the data of the transmission efficiency enhancement service is transmitted by the NR-V2X frequency band; in order to meet the requirements of delay and packet loss rate, the advanced security service is transmitted by utilizing an LTE-V frequency band and an NR-V2X frequency band simultaneously through a carrier aggregation technology; x is the number ofv,c,k1 indicates that RB k on frequency band c is allocated to vehicle user i; n is a radical ofcIndicates the number of RBs allocatable, BiFor the value size limitation of the buffer area, the limitation (4) indicates that one RB can be dispatched to only one vehicle user, and the limitation (5) indicates that the assigned rate of the vehicle user i is less than Bi。
Because each RB can only be allocated to one vehicle user in one scheduling period, the problem is a mixed integer programming problem, namely an NP-hard problem, the optimal solution of the problem can only be obtained through an exhaustion method, but the time complexity and the number of the vehicle users and the RBs are increased in an exponential relation.
Due to the dynamic variation of the location of the users of the car networking, the resource scheduler is more inclined to allocate RBs with better channel conditions for VUEs to avoid deep fading effects, l (1 ≦ l ≦ R),
Figure GDA0003376573320000154
is the number of RBs in flat fading, with the transmission rate defined as Ri,c. The average transmission rate per RB is then:
Figure GDA0003376573320000155
suppose that the number of RBs actually allocated is Ni,cThe actual allocation rate can be simplified to:
Figure GDA0003376573320000156
the mixed integer programming problem described above can therefore be simplified to the following equation:
Figure GDA0003376573320000161
limitation (6)
Figure GDA0003376573320000162
Then, respectively carrying out resource scheduling on the LTE-V frequency band and the NR-V2X frequency band, and further simplifying the problem into the following formula:
Figure GDA0003376573320000163
Figure GDA0003376573320000164
the problem is thus reduced to one and NiThe integer programming problem which can be solved by using a dynamic programming method in polynomial time is related.
Illustratively, by defining two integers l (1. ltoreq. l. ltoreq.R) and ln(1≤ln≤cn) And define fm(ln) Consuming bandwidth resource l as first m vehiclesnMaximum available utility function value, let wi＝min{ri,i∈I}
When l is equal to 1, the ratio of the total of the two,
Figure GDA0003376573320000165
when l is 2, …, r,
Figure GDA0003376573320000166
the optimal scheme corresponding state f can be obtained through iterationm(ln) And the number of RBs allocated NiTherefore, the rate at which advanced security services and efficiency enhancement services are allocated may be based on utility function Ui,c,kAnd NiIt follows that, ultimately, a second rate set is formed, which may be denoted as RI＝{r1,r2,…,ri}。
In step B3, a formula is applied
Figure GDA0003376573320000167
Calculating the number of resource blocks to be allocated to each vehicle user sending the second type of request, wherein N isINumber of resource blocks to be allocated, R, for each vehicle user sending a request of the second typeIIs a second set of rates, rRBIs the average transmission rate corresponding to the RB.
In order to better understand the method for scheduling wireless resources applied to the vehicular ad hoc heterogeneous network provided in this embodiment, the method in this embodiment is described below with reference to the schematic diagram of resource scheduling in the vehicular ad hoc network of fig. 3:
the base station side resource scheduler receives at least one service request sent by each vehicle user in each resource scheduling period, wherein the at least one service request comprises at least one of a first type of request, a second type of request and a third type of request, the first type of request is used for requesting resources for basic safety service, the second type of request is used for requesting resources for advanced safety service, and the third type of request is used for requesting resources for efficiency improvement service; the vehicle users sending the first type requests and the vehicle users directly connected with the base station establish a V2V one-hop link, so that the vehicle users are connected with the base station.
Storing each received second type request and each received third type request in a user data cache region; wherein, the vehicle users sending the second type requests and the third type requests are connected with the base station through a V2I single carrier link or a V2I double link.
A resource scheduler at the base station side allocates a time-frequency Resource Block (RB) of an LTE-V frequency band in a preset resource pool for each vehicle user sending the first type of request, wherein the preset resource pool comprises the LTE-V frequency band and an NR-V2X frequency band;
after the RB allocation of each vehicle user sending the first type request is completed, extracting a plurality of target requests from the requests stored in the designated cache region, and allocating the RB for each vehicle user sending the target request from the residual resources in a preset resource pool; wherein the waiting time of any target request is longer than the requests left in the specified cache after the plurality of target requests are extracted. The second type of request may utilize both the LTE-V band and the NR-V2X band through carrier aggregation techniques, and the third type of request may utilize the NR-V2X band.
Corresponding to the foregoing method embodiment, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a radio resource scheduling apparatus applied to an in-vehicle heterogeneous network, and as shown in fig. 4, the radio resource scheduling apparatus may include:
a request receiving module 410, configured to receive at least one service request sent by each vehicle user in each resource scheduling period, where the at least one service request includes at least one of a first type of request, a second type of request, and a third type of request, where the first type of request is used to request resources for basic security services, the second type of request is used to request resources for advanced security services, and the third type of request is used to request resources for efficiency improvement services;
a request storage module 420, configured to store the received second type requests and the received third type requests in a specified cache region;
the first resource allocation module 430 is configured to allocate, to each vehicle user that sends a first type of request, a time-frequency resource block RB of a long term evolution LTE-V frequency band in a preset resource pool, where the preset resource pool includes an LTE-V frequency band and a new air interface NR-V2X frequency band;
the second resource allocation module 440 is configured to, after the RB allocation of each vehicle user sending the first type request is completed, extract a plurality of target requests from the requests stored in the specified cache region, and allocate RBs to each vehicle user sending the target request from the remaining resources in the preset resource pool.
Optionally, the first resource allocation module includes:
a first rate allocation submodule for allocating a first rate set to each vehicle user sending a first type of request; wherein each rate in the first set of rates corresponds to a vehicle user sending a request of a first type;
a first rate obtaining sub-module, configured to obtain an average transmission rate corresponding to the RB;
the first resource calculation submodule is used for calculating the number of resource blocks to be allocated for each vehicle user sending the first type of request according to the first rate set and the average transmission rate corresponding to the RB;
and the first RB allocation submodule is used for allocating the RB of the LTE-V frequency band in the preset resource pool for each vehicle user sending the first type request according to the number of the resource blocks to be allocated to the vehicle user.
Optionally, the second resource allocation module includes:
a second rate allocation submodule for allocating a second rate set to each vehicle user sending the target request; wherein each rate in the second set of rates corresponds to a vehicle user that sent the target request;
a second rate obtaining sub-module, configured to obtain an average transmission rate corresponding to the RB;
the second resource calculation submodule is used for calculating the number of resource blocks to be allocated to each vehicle user sending the target request according to the second rate set and the average transmission rate corresponding to the RB;
and the second RB allocation submodule is used for allocating an RB for each vehicle user sending the target request from the residual resources of the preset resource pool according to the number of resource blocks to be allocated to the vehicle user.
Optionally, the first rate obtaining sub-module includes:
a first function determination unit for determining a first utility function U (T) to be utilizedv)；
Wherein, U (T)v)＝βTH,v(Hv)+(1-β)Ta,v(Δav)
In the formula, TvTransmission interval, T, for transmitting data packets of the basic safety service to a vehicle subscriber vH,vMessage broadcast interval, T, to ensure safety of vehicle users va,vMessage broadcast interval, H, to ensure vehicle user v is located accuratelyvFor the headway of a vehicle user v, β represents a weighting factor for the vehicle user's need for safety and position tracking accuracy, Δ avThe absolute value of the acceleration difference for the vehicle user v with respect to the current time slot and the previous time slot;
a transmission interval obtaining unit for utilizing, for each vehicle user sending a request of the first type, a function for maximizing the utility function U (T)v) The first optimization formula of the function value obtains the transmission interval of the data packet of the basic safety service transmitted by the vehicle user, wherein the first optimization formula is as follows:
Figure GDA0003376573320000191
constraint (1):
Figure GDA0003376573320000192
limitation (2): x is the number ofv,k∈{0,1},Tv∈(TH,v,Ta,v)
In the formula, xv,kVariable for determining whether a vehicle user v performs basic security service transmission on RB k, N being the number of vehicle users sending a first type of request, NbIs the number of RBs, T, allocated to the underlying security serviceH,vMessage broadcast interval, T, to ensure safety of vehicle users va,vMessage broadcasting interval for ensuring accurate positioning of vehicle users v, wherein limitation (1) indicates that one RB can only be scheduled to one vehicle user, and limitation (2) indicates that xv,kThe value range of (1) when the vehicle is allocated with RB and the value of 0 when RB is not allocated;
the first speed calculation unit is used for calculating the vehicle speed distributed to each vehicle user sending the first type of request according to the transmission interval of the basic safety service transmitted by the vehicle user and the data packet of the basic safety service by using a speed calculation formula;
wherein the rate calculation formula is
Figure GDA0003376573320000193
Said rvRepresenting the vehicle speed, S, allocated for the vehicle user vBeaconSize, T, of data packet expressed as said underlying security servicevA transmission interval for transmitting data packets of the basic security service for a vehicle user v;
and a set construction unit that constructs a first rate set using the vehicle rates allocated to the respective vehicle users who have transmitted the first type request.
Optionally, the second rate allocation sub-module includes:
a second function determination unit for determining a second utility function Ui,c,kWherein the second utility function Ui,c,kComprises the following steps:
Figure GDA0003376573320000201
in the formula, ri,c,kRepresenting the rate at which vehicle user i is allocated RB k on carrier c,
Figure GDA0003376573320000205
representing the average rate, U, to which the vehicle user i is assignedA-safeRepresenting a set of individual first vehicle users, UtrafficRepresenting a set of second vehicle users, the first vehicle being a vehicle user who sends a target request belonging to a second type of request, the second vehicle user being a vehicle user who sends a target request belonging to a third type of request; f (τ)i) For increasing the priority of the second vehicle user in RB allocation with waiting time exceeding a predetermined time, the f (τ)i) The definition is as follows:
Figure GDA0003376573320000202
τirepresenting the time for which the vehicle user i is waiting in said predetermined buffer zone, τmaxRepresenting a maximum waiting time that can be tolerated by the second vehicle user;
a second rate calculation unit for utilizing the utility function U for maximization for each vehicle user sending a target requesti,c,kCalculating the vehicle speed of the vehicle user, wherein the second optimization formula is:
Figure GDA0003376573320000203
limitation (3):
Figure GDA0003376573320000204
in the formula, NiIs the number of RBs, v, allocated to a vehicle user iiFor the corresponding average transmission rate of RBs in flat fading condition, k is the total number of vehicles requiring RB allocation, BiFor the limit of the value size of the buffer, the limit condition (3) indicates that the vehicle user i is allocated a rate less than Bi，PiIs Ui,c,kIn a simplified form.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a resource scheduler, as shown in fig. 5, which includes a processor 501, a communication interface 502, a memory 503 and a communication bus 504, wherein the processor 501, the communication interface 502 and the memory 503 complete mutual communication through the communication bus 504,
a memory 503 for storing a computer program;
the processor 501 is configured to implement the radio resource scheduling procedure applied to the vehicular heterogeneous network according to the embodiment of the present invention when executing the program stored in the memory 503.
The communication bus mentioned in the resource scheduler may be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, or the like. The communication bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is shown, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
The communication interface is used for communication between the resource scheduler and other devices.
The Memory may include a Random Access Memory (RAM) or a Non-Volatile Memory (NVM), such as at least one disk Memory. Optionally, the memory may also be at least one memory device located remotely from the processor.
The Processor may be a general-purpose Processor, including a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), and the like; but also Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) or other Programmable logic devices, discrete Gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
In another embodiment provided by the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is further provided, in which a computer program is stored, and the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements any of the above steps of the radio resource scheduling method applied to the vehicular heterogeneous network.
In another embodiment provided by the present invention, a computer program product containing instructions is further provided, which when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute any one of the above-mentioned methods for scheduling radio resources applied to an in-vehicle heterogeneous network.
In the above embodiments, the implementation may be wholly or partially realized by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When loaded and executed on a computer, cause the processes or functions described in accordance with the embodiments of the invention to occur, in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a network of computers, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another, for example, from one website site, computer, server, or data center to another website site, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device, such as a server, a data center, etc., that incorporates one or more of the available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy Disk, hard Disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., Solid State Disk (SSD)), among others.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
All the embodiments in the present specification are described in a related manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A wireless resource scheduling method applied to a vehicle-associated heterogeneous network is characterized by being applied to a base station side resource scheduler and comprising the following steps:
in each resource scheduling period, receiving at least one service request sent by each vehicle user, wherein the at least one service request comprises at least one of a first type request, a second type request and a third type request, the first type request is used for requesting resources for basic security services, the second type request is used for requesting resources for advanced security services, and the third type request is used for requesting resources for efficiency improvement services;
storing each received second type request and each received third type request in a designated cache region;
allocating a first rate set for each vehicle user sending a first type of request, wherein each rate in the first rate set corresponds to one vehicle user sending a first type of request; acquiring an average transmission rate corresponding to an RB (radio bearer), wherein the average transmission rate corresponding to the RB is the rate when a data packet is transmitted through one RB; calculating the number of resource blocks to be allocated to each vehicle user sending the first type request according to the first rate set and the average transmission rate corresponding to the RB; for each vehicle user sending the first type request, allocating RB (resource block) of an LTE-V frequency band in a preset resource pool to the vehicle user according to the number of resource blocks to be allocated to the vehicle user, wherein the preset resource pool comprises the LTE-V frequency band and a new air interface NR-V2X frequency band;
and after the RB allocation of each vehicle user sending the first type of request is finished, extracting a plurality of target requests from the requests stored in the specified cache region, and allocating the RB for each vehicle user sending the target request from the residual resources in the preset resource pool.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein assigning a first set of rates for each vehicle user sending a first type of request comprises:
step one, determining a first utility function U (T) to be utilizedv)；
Wherein, U (T)v)＝βTH,v(Hv)+(1-β)Ta,v(Δav)
In the formula, TvTransmitting the base for a vehicle user vTransmission Interval, T, of data packets of elementary Security servicesH,vMessage broadcast interval, T, to ensure safety of vehicle users va,vMessage broadcast interval, H, to ensure vehicle user v is located accuratelyvFor the headway of a vehicle user v, β represents a weighting factor for the vehicle user's need for safety and position tracking accuracy, Δ avThe absolute value of the acceleration difference for the vehicle user v with respect to the current time slot and the previous time slot;
step two, for each vehicle user sending a request of the first type, utilizing a function for maximizing the utility function U (T)v) The first optimization formula of the function value obtains the transmission interval of the data packet of the basic safety service transmitted by the vehicle user, wherein the first optimization formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0003445524500000021
constraint (1):
Figure FDA0003445524500000022
limitation (2): x is the number ofv,k∈{0,1},Tv∈(TH,v,Ta,v)
In the formula, xv,kVariable for determining whether a vehicle user v performs basic security service transmission on RB k, N being the number of vehicle users sending a first type of request, NbIs the number of RBs, T, allocated to the underlying security serviceH,vMessage broadcast interval, T, to ensure safety of vehicle users va,vMessage broadcasting interval for ensuring accurate positioning of vehicle users v, wherein limitation (1) indicates that one RB can only be scheduled to one vehicle user, and limitation (2) indicates that xv,kThe value range of (1) when the vehicle is allocated with RB and the value of 0 when RB is not allocated;
step three, aiming at each vehicle user sending the first type request, calculating the vehicle speed distributed for the vehicle user by using a speed calculation formula according to the transmission interval of the data packet of the basic safety service transmitted by the vehicle user and the data packet of the basic safety service;
wherein the rate calculation formula is
Figure FDA0003445524500000023
Said rvRepresenting the vehicle speed, S, allocated for the vehicle user vBeaconSize, T, of data packet expressed as said underlying security servicevA transmission interval for transmitting data packets of the basic security service for a vehicle user v;
and step four, forming a first speed set by using the vehicle speed distributed to each vehicle user sending the first type request.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein allocating an RB from the remaining resources in the preset resource pool for each vehicle user sending the target request comprises:
assigning a second set of rates to each vehicle user that sent the target request; wherein each rate in the second set of rates corresponds to a vehicle user that sent the target request;
acquiring the average transmission rate corresponding to the RB, wherein the average transmission rate corresponding to the RB is the rate when a data packet is transmitted through one RB;
calculating the number of resource blocks to be allocated to each vehicle user sending the target request according to the second rate set and the average transmission rate corresponding to the RB;
and aiming at each vehicle user sending the target request, distributing the RB for the vehicle user from the residual resources of the preset resource pool according to the number of resource blocks to be distributed of the vehicle user.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein assigning a second set of rates to each vehicle user sending the target request comprises:
step one, determining a second utility function Ui,c,kWherein said secondUtility function Ui,c,kComprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0003445524500000031
in the formula, ri,c,kRepresenting the rate at which vehicle user i is allocated RB k on carrier c,
Figure FDA0003445524500000032
representing the average rate, U, to which the vehicle user i is assignedA-safeRepresenting a set of individual first vehicle users, UtrafficRepresenting a set of second individual vehicle users, the first vehicle user being a vehicle user who sends a target request belonging to a second type of request, the second vehicle user being a vehicle user who sends a target request belonging to a third type of request; f (τ)i) For increasing the priority of the second vehicle user in RB allocation with waiting time exceeding a predetermined time, the f (τ)i) The definition is as follows:
Figure FDA0003445524500000033
τirepresenting the time for which the vehicle user i waits in said designated buffer area, τmaxRepresenting a maximum waiting time that can be tolerated by the second vehicle user;
step two, utilizing a utility function U for maximization for each vehicle user sending a target requesti,c,kCalculating the vehicle speed of the vehicle user, wherein the second optimization formula is:
Figure FDA0003445524500000034
limitation (3):
Figure FDA0003445524500000035
in the formula, NiIs the number of RBs, v, allocated to a vehicle user iiThe average transmission rate corresponding to the RB in the flat fading state, k is the total number of vehicles needing RB allocation, BiFor the value size limit of the specified buffer, the limit condition (3) indicates that the vehicle user i is allocated a rate less than Bi，PiIs Ui,c,kIn a simplified form.
5. A wireless resource scheduling device applied to a vehicle-associated heterogeneous network is characterized in that the device is applied to a base station side resource scheduler and comprises:
the system comprises a request receiving module, a resource scheduling module and a resource scheduling module, wherein the request receiving module is used for receiving at least one service request sent by each vehicle user in each resource scheduling period, the at least one service request comprises at least one of a first type request, a second type request and a third type request, the first type request is used for requesting resources for basic safety services, the second type request is used for requesting resources for advanced safety services, and the third type request is used for requesting resources for efficiency improvement services;
the request storage module is used for storing the received second type requests and the received third type requests in a specified cache region;
a first resource allocation module comprising: a first rate allocation submodule for allocating a first rate set to each vehicle user sending a first type of request; wherein each rate in the first set of rates corresponds to a vehicle user sending a request of a first type; the first rate obtaining submodule is used for obtaining the average transmission rate corresponding to the RB; the first resource calculation submodule is used for calculating the number of resource blocks to be allocated for each vehicle user sending the first type of request according to the first rate set and the average transmission rate corresponding to the RB; the first RB allocation submodule is used for allocating RBs of an LTE-V frequency band in a preset resource pool to each vehicle user sending the first type request according to the number of resource blocks to be allocated to the vehicle user, and the preset resource pool comprises the LTE-V frequency band and a new air interface NR-V2X frequency band;
and the second resource allocation module is used for extracting a plurality of target requests from the requests stored in the specified cache region after the RB allocation of each vehicle user sending the first type of request is completed, and allocating the RB for each vehicle user sending the target request from the residual resources in the preset resource pool.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the second resource allocation module comprises:
a second rate allocation submodule for allocating a second rate set to each vehicle user sending the target request; wherein each rate in the second set of rates corresponds to a vehicle user that sent the target request;
a second rate obtaining sub-module, configured to obtain an average transmission rate corresponding to the RB;
the second resource calculation submodule is used for calculating the number of resource blocks to be allocated to each vehicle user sending the target request according to the second rate set and the average transmission rate corresponding to the RB;
and the second RB allocation submodule is used for allocating an RB for each vehicle user sending the target request from the residual resources of the preset resource pool according to the number of resource blocks to be allocated to the vehicle user.
7. A resource scheduler is characterized by comprising a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor and the communication interface are used for realizing the communication between the processor and the memory through the communication bus;
a memory for storing a computer program; a processor for implementing the method steps of any of claims 1 to 4 when executing a program stored in the memory.
8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, which computer program, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method steps of any one of claims 1 to 4.
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