CN110829751A - Method and system for optimizing efficiency of permanent magnet synchronous motor of electric vehicle - Google Patents
Method and system for optimizing efficiency of permanent magnet synchronous motor of electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN110829751A CN110829751A CN201910930819.0A CN201910930819A CN110829751A CN 110829751 A CN110829751 A CN 110829751A CN 201910930819 A CN201910930819 A CN 201910930819A CN 110829751 A CN110829751 A CN 110829751A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
- H02K15/02—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies
- H02K15/022—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies with salient poles or claw-shaped poles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/24—Rotor cores with salient poles ; Variable reluctance rotors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
- H02K15/02—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies
- H02K15/03—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies having permanent magnets
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for optimizing efficiency of a permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle. The invention relates to an optimization method of efficiency of a permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric automobile, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: s11, analyzing the motor loss to obtain an analysis result; the losses include mechanical, copper and iron losses; s12, optimizing the permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the motor loss analysis result; the optimization comprises the steps that the magnetic steel is segmented along the axial direction, and the salient pole rate of the motor is increased. According to the invention, through the efficiency optimization method, the loss can be further reduced, and the accurate loss calculation result under each working condition is obtained, so that the calculation efficiency of the motor is determined, and the motor efficiency can be optimized aiming at the specific working condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle communication, in particular to a method and a system for optimizing efficiency of a permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle.
Background
With the development of society, electric automobiles have become the trend of the development of the society at present, and compared with internal combustion engine automobiles, electric automobiles have the advantages of high efficiency, no pollution, low noise and the like. The development of high-performance electric vehicles is highly regarded by governments, automobile manufacturers and scientific research institutes of various countries, electric vehicle development plans are made in many times, and the development enthusiasm of electric vehicles in the global range is raised. Meanwhile, electric vehicles have increasingly high requirements on efficiency, power density, cost performance, safety and the like of driving motors. The built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor has the advantages of high power density, large low-speed output torque, small volume, capability of improving the motor efficiency and the speed regulation characteristic by utilizing the reluctance effect, and the like, and is particularly suitable for being used as a driving motor of an electric automobile.
The magnetic poles of the permanent magnet motor are composed of magnetic steel. Because the output voltage of the frequency converter contains a large amount of higher harmonics, larger harmonic loss can be generated in the motor, and higher temperature rise is caused. When a permanent magnet motor connected with a frequency converter runs under the environment conditions of high temperature and strong magnetic field for a long time, if the temperature resistance of the magnetic steel is poor, the magnetic steel is easy to have poor magnetic performance, irreversible demagnetization and other poor results, so that the magnetic steel fails, the permanent magnet motor cannot work, and the damage always starts from the highest point of the local temperature rise of the magnetic pole.
The highest point of the local temperature rise of the magnetic pole depends on the heat dissipation condition of the position on one hand, and is closely related to the eddy current loss of the magnetic steel of the position on the other hand. The efficiency and the loss of the motor of the automobile are closely related, so the efficiency of the motor needs to be optimized, and the calculation of the efficiency of the motor of the automobile needs to accurately analyze and calculate the loss of the motor. The invention provides an optimization method of efficiency of a permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric automobile, which aims at optimizing the efficiency of the motor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for optimizing the efficiency of a permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle, aiming at the defects of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for optimizing the efficiency of a permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric automobile comprises the following steps:
s1, analyzing the motor loss to obtain an analysis result; the losses include mechanical, copper and iron losses;
s2, optimizing the permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the motor loss analysis result; the optimization comprises the steps that the magnetic steel is segmented along the axial direction, and the salient pole rate of the motor is increased.
Furthermore, the magnetic steel reduces the eddy current loss of the magnetic steel along the axial direction in a segmented mode, and the motor efficiency is improved.
Further, the increasing of the motor saliency is the motor saliency increased by optimizing the number of rotor magnetic pole laminations.
Furthermore, the number of the optimized rotor magnetic pole layers is two.
Correspondingly, still provide an optimization system of electric automobile PMSM efficiency, include:
the analysis module is used for analyzing the motor loss and obtaining an analysis result; the losses include mechanical, copper and iron losses;
the optimization module is used for optimizing the permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the motor loss analysis result; the optimization comprises the steps that the magnetic steel is segmented along the axial direction, and the salient pole rate of the motor is increased.
Furthermore, the magnetic steel reduces the eddy current loss of the magnetic steel along the axial direction in a segmented mode, and the motor efficiency is improved.
Further, the increasing of the motor saliency is the motor saliency increased by optimizing the number of rotor magnetic pole laminations.
Furthermore, the number of the optimized rotor magnetic pole layers is two.
Compared with the prior art, the method can further reduce the loss through the efficiency optimization method, obtain accurate loss calculation results under various working conditions, further determine the calculation efficiency of the motor, and optimize the efficiency of the motor according to specific working conditions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a system for optimizing efficiency of a PMSM of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an analysis of the number of optimal magnetic steel layers provided in the first embodiment;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for optimizing efficiency of a permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle according to a second embodiment.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for optimizing the efficiency of a permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle, aiming at the defects of the prior art.
Example one
A method for optimizing efficiency of a permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle is shown in figure 1 and comprises the following steps:
s11, analyzing the motor loss to obtain an analysis result; the losses include mechanical, copper and iron losses;
s12, optimizing the permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the motor loss analysis result; the optimization comprises the steps that the magnetic steel is segmented along the axial direction, and the salient pole rate of the motor is increased.
This embodiment is to the influence of the axial segmentation number of magnet steel to the magnet steel loss analysis:
when the magnetic steel is divided into 2 pieces, the eddy current density of the permanent magnet is reduced; after the magnetic steel is divided into N sections, the eddy current density of the permanent magnet is smaller and smaller. The magnetic steel segmentation can effectively reduce the eddy current loss of the magnetic steel, and cannot influence the performance of the motor. Wherein, the magnetic steel segmentation is divided into axial, circumference segmentation and not in segmentation 3.
This embodiment adopts along axial segmentation with the magnet steel, and the magnet steel can effectively hinder the inside axial vortex of magnet steel along axial segmentation to reduce magnet steel eddy current loss, promote motor efficiency. But different numbers of segments have different loss suppression effects for different frequencies. In order to specifically suppress the loss, excessive pressure is not generated in the assembly and processing of the magnetic steel, and the number of stages and the loss suppression effect need to be comprehensively evaluated.
The embodiment analyzes the influence of the increase of the saliency on the copper loss of the motor:
with the increase of the saliency, the motor current is reduced under most working conditions, so that the copper loss is suppressed. Increase quadrature axis inductance (L)q) Is one of the most direct ways to increase saliency. The number of rotor pole laminations can be optimized to increase the saliency. However, as the number of layers increases, the difficulty of machining the motor increases significantly. However, when the number of layers exceeds two, the effect of increasing the saliency becomes no longer significant. Therefore, the double-layer magnetic steel is a relatively balanced design choice. However, for a specific design, the number of layers is still selected in consideration of factors such as the size of the rotor.
FIG. 2 shows the analysis of the optimal magnetic steel fraction, where LdIndicating inductance of the motor stator about the direct axis, LqThe motor stator winding axis inductance is shown, and Lq-Ld represents the saliency.
According to the embodiment, the loss can be further reduced through the efficiency optimization method, accurate loss calculation results under various working conditions are obtained, the calculation efficiency of the motor is determined, and the motor efficiency can be optimized according to specific working conditions.
Example two
An optimization system for efficiency of a permanent magnet synchronous motor of an electric vehicle, as shown in fig. 2, includes the steps of:
the analysis module 11 is used for analyzing the motor loss and obtaining an analysis result; the losses include mechanical, copper and iron losses;
the optimization module 12 is used for optimizing the permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the motor loss analysis result; the optimization comprises the steps that the magnetic steel is segmented along the axial direction, and the salient pole rate of the motor is increased.
This embodiment is to the influence of the axial segmentation number of magnet steel to the magnet steel loss analysis:
when the magnetic steel is divided into 2 pieces, the eddy current density of the permanent magnet is reduced; after the magnetic steel is divided into N sections, the eddy current density of the permanent magnet is smaller and smaller. The magnetic steel segmentation can effectively reduce the eddy current loss of the magnetic steel, and cannot influence the performance of the motor. Wherein, the magnetic steel segmentation is divided into axial, circumference segmentation and not in segmentation 3.
This embodiment adopts along axial segmentation with the magnet steel, and the magnet steel can effectively hinder the inside axial vortex of magnet steel along axial segmentation to reduce magnet steel eddy current loss, promote motor efficiency. But different numbers of segments have different loss suppression effects for different frequencies. In order to specifically suppress the loss, excessive pressure is not generated in the assembly and processing of the magnetic steel, and the number of stages and the loss suppression effect need to be comprehensively evaluated.
The embodiment analyzes the influence of the increase of the saliency on the copper loss of the motor:
with the increase of the saliency, the motor current is reduced under most working conditions, so that the copper loss is suppressed. Increase quadrature axis inductance (L)q) Is one of the most direct ways to increase saliency. The number of rotor pole laminations can be optimized to increase the saliency. However, as the number of layers increases, the difficulty of machining the motor increases significantly. However, when the number of layers exceeds two, the effect of increasing the saliency becomes no longer significant. Therefore, the double-layer magnetic steel is a relatively balanced design choice. However, for a specific design, the number of layers is still selected in consideration of factors such as the size of the rotor.
According to the embodiment, the loss can be further reduced through the efficiency optimization method, accurate loss calculation results under various working conditions are obtained, the calculation efficiency of the motor is determined, and the motor efficiency can be optimized according to specific working conditions.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The optimization method of the efficiency of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the electric automobile is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, analyzing the motor loss to obtain an analysis result; the losses include mechanical, copper and iron losses;
s2, optimizing the permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the motor loss analysis result; the optimization comprises the steps that the magnetic steel is segmented along the axial direction, and the salient pole rate of the motor is increased.
2. The method for optimizing the efficiency of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic steel is segmented along the axial direction, so that the eddy current loss of the magnetic steel is reduced, and the motor efficiency is improved.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the increasing of the motor saliency is the increasing of the motor saliency through optimizing of the number of rotor pole laminations.
4. The method for optimizing the efficiency of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the electric automobile according to claim 3, wherein the number of the optimized rotor magnetic poles is two.
5. The utility model provides an optimization system of electric automobile PMSM efficiency which characterized in that includes:
the analysis module is used for analyzing the motor loss and obtaining an analysis result; the losses include mechanical, copper and iron losses;
the optimization module is used for optimizing the permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the motor loss analysis result; the optimization comprises the steps that the magnetic steel is segmented along the axial direction, and the salient pole rate of the motor is increased.
6. The method for optimizing the efficiency of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the electric automobile according to claim 5, wherein the magnetic steel is segmented along the axial direction, so that the eddy current loss of the magnetic steel is reduced, and the motor efficiency is improved.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the increasing of the motor saliency is the increasing of the motor saliency through optimizing the number of rotor pole laminations.
8. The method for optimizing efficiency of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the electric automobile according to claim 7, wherein the number of the optimized rotor magnetic poles is two.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113328674A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-08-31 | 广西大学 | High-speed permanent magnet motor permanent magnet loss compensation method and system considering time-space harmonic conditions |
Citations (4)
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| CN102163897A (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2011-08-24 | 上海中科深江电动车辆有限公司 | Permanent magnetic synchronous motor structure |
| CN105811614A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2016-07-27 | 重庆大学 | Rotor structure for high speed permanent magnet synchronous machine |
| CN106329774A (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2017-01-11 | 南京航空航天大学 | Multilayer segmented built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor used for electric automobile driving |
| CN110046475A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-07-23 | 电子科技大学中山学院 | Loss suppression method for permanent magnet synchronous motor |
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- 2019-09-29 CN CN201910930819.0A patent/CN110829751A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102163897A (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2011-08-24 | 上海中科深江电动车辆有限公司 | Permanent magnetic synchronous motor structure |
| CN105811614A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2016-07-27 | 重庆大学 | Rotor structure for high speed permanent magnet synchronous machine |
| CN106329774A (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2017-01-11 | 南京航空航天大学 | Multilayer segmented built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor used for electric automobile driving |
| CN110046475A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-07-23 | 电子科技大学中山学院 | Loss suppression method for permanent magnet synchronous motor |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113328674A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-08-31 | 广西大学 | High-speed permanent magnet motor permanent magnet loss compensation method and system considering time-space harmonic conditions |
| CN113328674B (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2022-08-09 | 广西大学 | High-speed permanent magnet motor permanent magnet loss compensation method and system considering time-space harmonic conditions |
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Application publication date: 20200221 |